Editing 1799

{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2021}}
{{About year|1799}}
{{Year nav|1799}}
[[File:Bouchot - Le general Bonaparte au Conseil des Cinq-Cents.jpg|thumb|250px|[[November 9]]: Napoleon overthrows the [[French Directory]], ends French Revolution with the [[Coup of 18 Brumaire]].]]
[[File:Rosetta Stone.JPG|thumb|250px|[[July 15]]: French Captain [[Pierre-François Bouchard]] finds the [[Rosetta Stone]].]]
{{C18 year in topic}}
[[File:Battle of Zurich.jpg|thumb|[[September 25]]: [[Second Battle of Zurich]]]]
{{Year article header|1799}}

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== January–March ===
* [[January 9]] – British Prime Minister [[William Pitt the Younger]] introduces an [[income tax]] of two [[shilling]]s to the [[pound sterling|pound]], to raise funds for Great Britain's war effort in the [[French Revolutionary Wars]].
* [[January 17]] – [[Maltese people|Maltese]] patriot [[Dun Mikiel Xerri]], along with a number of other patriots, is executed.
* [[January 21]] – The [[Parthenopean Republic]] is established in Naples by French General [[Jean Étienne Championnet]]; King [[Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies]] flees.
* [[January 27]] – [[French Revolutionary Wars]]: [[Macau Incident (1799)|Macau Incident]] – French and Spanish warships encounter a British [[Royal Navy]] escort squadron in the [[Wanshan Archipelago]] of China inconclusively.
* [[February 9]] – [[Quasi-War]]: In the single-ship action of [[USS Constellation vs L'Insurgente|USS ''Constellation'' vs ''L'Insurgente'']] in the Caribbean, the American ship is the victor.
* [[February 28]] – [[French Revolutionary Wars]]: [[Action of 28 February 1799]] – British Royal Navy frigate [[French frigate Sibylle (1791)|HMS ''Sybille'']] defeats the [[French frigate Forte (1794)|French frigate ''Forte'']] off the mouth of the [[Hooghly River]] in the [[Bay of Bengal]], but both captains are killed.
* [[March 1]] – [[Federalist Party|Federalist]] [[James Ross (Pennsylvania politician)|James Ross]] becomes [[President pro tempore of the United States Senate]].
* [[March 4]] – The Russo-Ottoman [[Siege of Corfu (1798–1799)]] ends with the surrender of the French garrison,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historyorb.com/events/date/1799|title=Historical Events for Year 1799 &#124; OnThisDay.com|website=Historyorb.com|date=October 12, 1799 |access-date=July 11, 2016}}</ref> bringing an end to the first period of [[French rule in the Ionian Islands (1797–1799)]].
* [[March 7]] – [[War of the Second Coalition]]: [[Siege of Jaffa]] – [[Napoleon]] captures [[Jaffa]] in [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]] from the Ottomans and his troops proceed to kill more than 2,000 Albanian captives.
* [[March 14]] – The public premiere of [[Haydn]]’s oratorio ''[[The Creation (Haydn)|The Creation]]'' takes place at the [[Burgtheater]] in Vienna.
* [[March 21]] – War of the Second Coalition: Victory of [[Archduke Charles]] and the Austrian army over the French army of [[Jean-Baptiste Jourdan]] at the [[Battle of Ostrach]].
* [[March 23]] – War of the Second Coalition: Victory of [[Franjo Jelačić]] and the Austrian army over the French army of [[André Masséna]] at the [[Battle of Feldkirch]].
* [[March 25]] – War of the Second Coalition: Victory of [[Archduke Charles]] and the Austrian army over the French army of [[Jean-Baptiste Jourdan]] at the [[Battle of Stockach (1799)]], a key crossroads at the western end of Lake Constance.  
* [[March 29]] – New York passes a law aimed at gradually abolishing [[slavery]] in the state.

=== April–June ===
* [[April 16]] – [[French Revolutionary Wars]]: At the [[Battle of Mount Tabor (1799)|Battle of Mount Tabor]] severely outnumbered French forces repulse an [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] attack.
* [[April 27]] – [[French Revolutionary Wars]]: The [[Battle of Cassano (1799)|Battle of Cassano]] takes place outside of [[Milan]], as Russian and Austrian troops commanded by General [[Alexander Suvorov]] rout the French Army under the command of General [[Jean Moreau]].
* [[April 28]] – Two French diplomats to the [[Second Congress of Rastatt]] are killed and another badly injured by Austrian cavalry, as they tried to leave the town. An inquiry was held, which blamed French emigres. 
* [[May 4]] – [[Battle of Seringapatam]]: [[Tipu Sultan]] is defeated and killed by the British; the [[captivity of Mangalorean Catholics at Seringapatam]] ends.
* [[May 21]] – The [[Siege of Acre (1799)|Siege of Acre]] ends after two months; [[Napoleon]]'s attempt to widen his Middle Eastern campaign into Syria is frustrated by Ottoman forces, and he withdraws to Egypt.
* [[May 27]] – [[Battle of Winterthur (1799)|Battle of Winterthur]]: [[House of Habsburg|Habsburg]] forces secure control of north-east Switzerland, from the French [[Army of the Danube]].
* [[June 7]] – Four days of fighting ends in victory for [[Archduke Charles]] and the Austrian army over the French army under [[André Masséna]] at the [[First Battle of Zurich]]
* [[June 13]] – [[Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies]] is restored to his kingdom following the collapse of the [[Parthenopean Republic]].
* [[June 17]] – [[War of the Second Coalition]]: [[Battle of Trebbia (1799)|Battle of the Trebbia]] – The beginning of the battle that marked the debacle of [[Étienne Macdonald, duc de Tarente|Étienne Macdonald]]'s French army. [[Suvorov]] scores a comprehensive victory.
* [[June 18]] – [[French Revolutionary Wars]]: [[Action of 18 June 1799]] – A French frigate squadron, under Rear-admiral [[Jean-Baptiste Perrée|Perrée]], is captured by the British fleet under [[George Elphinstone, 1st Viscount Keith|Lord Keith]], off [[Toulon]].

=== July–September ===
* [[July 7]] – [[Ranjit Singh]]'s men take their positions outside [[Lahore]].
* [[July 12]] – [[Ranjit Singh]] captures [[Lahore]] from the [[Bhangi Misl]], a key step in establishing the [[Sikh Empire]], and becoming [[Maharaja]] of the [[Punjab region|Punjab]].
* [[July 15]] – In the Egyptian port city of [[Rosetta]], French Captain Pierre Bouchard finds the [[Rosetta Stone]].
* [[July 25]] – At [[Aboukir]], Egypt, [[Napoleon]] defeats 10,000 [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] [[Mamluk]] troops under [[Mustafa Pasha (Egypt)|Mustafa Pasha]].
* [[August 15]] – War of the Second Coalition: [[Battle of Novi (1799)|Battle of Novi]] – the defeat of [[Barthélemy Catherine Joubert|Barthélemy Joubert]]'s army by [[Suvorov]]'s Austrian–Russian troops.
* [[August 27]] – [[War of the Second Coalition]] – [[Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland]]: Britain and Russia send an expedition to the [[Batavian Republic]].
* [[August 29]] – [[Pope Pius VI]], at the time the longest reigning Pontiff of the Roman Catholic Church, dies as a [[prisoner of war]] in the citadel of the French city of [[Valence, Drôme|Valence]], after 24½ years of rule.
* [[August 30]] – Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland – [[Vlieter Incident]]: A squadron of the [[Batavian Republic]]'s navy, commanded by Rear-Admiral [[Samuel Story]], surrenders to the British Royal Navy, under Sir [[Ralph Abercromby]] and Admiral Sir Charles Mitchell, near [[Wieringen]], without joining action.
* [[September 10]] – Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland - [[Battle of Krabbendam]]: the Russo-British expedition force defends its initial gains from attacks by Franco-Dutch forces.<ref>* {{in lang|nl}} {{Aut|[[Cornelis Rudolphus Theodorus Krayenhoff|Krayenhoff, C.R.T.]]}} (1832) ''Geschiedkundige Beschouwing van den Oorlog op het grondgebied der Bataafsche Republiek in 1799.'' J.C. Vieweg [https://books.google.com/books?id=vFtKAAAAMAAJ&dq=Guericke+Keeten&pg=PA68] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221112123926/https://books.google.com/books?id=vFtKAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA67&lpg=PA67&dq=Guericke+Keeten&source=bl&ots=Ng0K4OxDRd&sig=SwRgFQxbDVeVqlWDPn6dJIENn8s&hl=en&ei=sDLmSbGnEaPoswPOsJj1AQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7#PPA68,M1|date=November 12, 2022}} Page=115</ref>
* [[September 18]] – Victory of [[Archduke Charles]] and the Austrian army at the [[Battle of Mannheim (1799)]] over a French force under [[Jacques Léonard Muller]]
* [[September 19]] – Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland - [[Battle of Bergen (1799)|Battle of Bergen]]: Franco-Dutch forces hold their ground against the Russo-British expedition force.
* [[September 23]] – [[Frederick North, 5th Earl of Guilford]], the [[Governor of British Ceylon]] (now [[Sri Lanka]]), issues a proclamation declaring that the laws of the Netherlands for the conquered [[Dutch Ceylon]] shall be enforced until superseded by new laws.<ref>{{cite book|first=T.|last=Nadaraja|title=The Legal System of Ceylon in Its Historical Setting|publisher=E. J. Brill|year=1972|page=181}}</ref>
* [[September 29]] – the [[Roman Republic (18th century)|Second Roman Republic]], a [[puppet state]] formed by the French Army after their dissolution of the [[Papal States]] and the occupation of [[Rome]], is dissolved 19 months after its creation on February 15, 1798.<ref>{{cite book|chapter=The Protagonists and the Principal Phases of the Roman Republic of 1798 to 1799|first=Marina|last=Formica|title=Tosca's Prism: Three Moments of Western Cultural History|editor=Burton, Deborah |display-editors=etal|publisher=Northeastern University Press|year=2004|page=67}}</ref>
* [[September 30]] – [[Suvorov's Swiss campaign]] – [[Battle of Muottental|Battle of the Muottental]]: the rout of Masséna's French troops by Suvorov's army.

=== October–December ===
* [[October 2]] – Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland – [[Battle of Alkmaar (1799)|Battle of Alkmaar]]: the Russo-British expedition force wins a small tactical victory over the Franco-Dutch forces.
* [[October 6]] – Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland – [[Battle of Castricum]]: Franco-Dutch forces defeat the Russo-British expedition force.<ref>{{cite journal|journal=International Review of Military History|title=not known|publisher=ICMH, International Commission of Military History|year=1984|page=40}}</ref>
* [[October 9]] – {{HMS|Lutine|1779|6}} (a famous treasure wreck) is sunk in the [[West Frisian Islands]].
* [[October 12]] – [[Jeanne Geneviève Labrosse]] becomes the first woman to jump from a balloon with a parachute, from an altitude of {{convert|900|m|ft}}.
* [[October 16]] – [[Action of 16 October 1799]]: A Spanish treasure convoy worth more than £54,000,000 is captured by the British [[Royal Navy]] off [[Vigo]].
* [[October 18]] – Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland: Anglo-Russian expedition forces surrender in [[North Holland]].
* [[November 5]] – [[HMS Sceptre (1781)|HMS ''Sceptre'']] is driven ashore and wrecked in a storm in [[Table Bay]], South Africa, with the loss of 349 and 41 survivors.<ref>{{cite book|title=The United Service Magazine|chapter=The Autobiography of Sir John Barrow|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_C6sktnjjNBIC|pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_C6sktnjjNBIC/page/n187 337]|year=1847|access-date=November 4, 2008|publisher=H. Colburn}}</ref>
* [[November 9]] ([[Coup of 18 Brumaire]]) – [[Napoleon]] overthrows the [[French Directory]] in a ''coup d'état'', which ends the [[French Revolution]].
* [[November 10]] (19 Brumaire) – A remnant of the [[Council of Ancients]] in France abolishes the [[Constitution of the Year III]], and ordains the [[French Consulate]] with Napoleon as First Consul, with the [[Constitution of the Year VIII]].
* [[November 30]] – [[1799–1800 Papal conclave]] opens in [[Venice]] at [[San Giorgio Monastery]].
* [[December 3]] – War of the Second Coalition: [[Battle of Wiesloch (1799)|Battle of Wiesloch]]: Austrian Lieutenant Field Marshal [[Anton Sztáray]] defeats the French at [[Wiesloch]].
* [[December 10]] – France adopts the metre as its official unit of length.
* [[December 14]] – [[George Washington]], first President of the United States, dies at [[Mount Vernon, Virginia]], aged 67.
* [[December 31]] – The [[Dutch East India Company]]'s charter is allowed to expire by the [[Batavian Republic]].

=== Date unknown ===
* The Place Royale in Paris is renamed ''[[Place des Vosges]]'', when the Department of Vosges becomes the first to pay new Revolutionary taxes.
* [[Eli Whitney]], holding a 1798 United States government contract for the manufacture of [[musket]]s, is introduced by [[Oliver Wolcott Jr.]] to the  concept of [[interchangeable parts]], an origin of the [[American system of manufacturing]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Woodbury|first=Robert S.|year=1960|title=The Legend of Eli Whitney and Interchangeable Parts|journal=[[Technology and Culture]]|volume=1|issue=3 |pages=235–253 |doi=10.2307/3101392|jstor=3101392|s2cid=147367529 }}</ref>
* Conrad John Reed, 12, finds what he describes as a "heavy yellow rock" along Little Meadow Creek in [[Cabarrus County, North Carolina]], and makes it a doorstop in his home. Conrad's father John Reed learns that the rock is actually gold in 1802, initiating the first gold rush in the United States.
* The assassination of the 14th [[Tu'i Kanokupolu]], [[Tukuʻaho]], [[Tonga]] begins half a century of civil war in [[Tonga]].
* The [[Nawab]] (provincial governor) of [[Oudh]] in northern India sends to [[George III]] of Great Britain the ''[[Padshah Nama]]'', an official history of the reign of [[Shah Jahan]].
* [[William Cockerill]] begins building [[cotton-spinning machinery|cotton-spinning]] equipment in Belgium.
* The small town of [[Tignish, Prince Edward Island]], Canada is founded.</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
===January–June===
[[File:Carl Adolph von Basedow.jpg|thumb|110px|right|[[Carl Adolph von Basedow]]]]
[[File:Honoré_de_Balzac_(1842).jpg|thumb|110px|right|[[Honoré de Balzac]]]]
[[File:AleksandrPushkin.jpg|thumb|110px|right|[[Alexander Pushkin]]]]
* [[January 6]] – [[Jedediah Smith]], American fur trapper, explorer (d. 1831)
* [[January 12]] – [[Priscilla Susan Bury]], British botanist (d. 1872)
* [[January 23]] – [[Alois Negrelli]], Tyrolean engineer, railroad pioneer active in the Austrian Empire (1858)
* [[January 31]] – [[Rodolphe Töpffer]], Swiss teacher, author, and artist (d. [[1846]])<ref>{{EB1911|wstitle= Töpffer, Rodolphe|volume=27|last= Coolidge |first= William Augustus Brevoort |author-link= William Augustus Brevoort Coolidge | pages = 49&ndash;50 |short=1 }}</ref>
* [[February 4]] – [[Almeida Garrett]], Portuguese writer (d. [[1854]])<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Garrett, João Baptista da Silva Leitão de Almeida |volume= 11  |last= Prestage |first= Edgar |author-link= Edgar Prestage | pages = 474&ndash;475 |short= 1 }}</ref>
* [[February 11]] – [[Basil Moreau]], founder of the Congregation of Holy Cross (d. 1873)
* [[February 14]] – [[Walenty Wańkowicz]], Polish painter (d. 1842)
* [[February 17]] – [[Carl Julian (von) Graba]], German lawyer and ornithologist who visited the Faroe Islands (d. 1874)
* [[February 27]] – [[Edward Belcher]], British admiral (d. 1877)
* [[March 8]] – [[Simon Cameron]], American politician (d. 1889)
* [[March 16]] – [[Anna Atkins]], British botanist (d. 1871)
* [[March 22]] – [[Friedrich Wilhelm Argelander]], German astronomer (d. 1875)
* [[March 28]] – [[Karl Adolph von Basedow]], German physician, noted for reporting the symptoms of [[Graves–Basedow disease]] (d. 1854)
* [[March 29]] – [[Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby]], [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]] (d. 1869)
* [[April 12]] – [[Henri Druey]], Swiss Federal Councilor (d. 1855)
* [[April 17]] – [[Eliza Acton]], English poet and cookery writer (d. 1859)<ref>{{cite book |title=An encyclopedia of British women writers |date=1998 |publisher=Rutgers University Press |location=New Brunswick, N.J. |isbn=0813525438 |page=1 |edition=Rev. and expanded}}</ref>
* [[May 9]] – [[Philipp von Stadion und Thannhausen]], Austrian field marshal (d. 1868)
* [[May 20]] – [[Honoré de Balzac]], French author (d. 1850)<ref>{{cite book | last = Little | first = Iain | title = Honoré de Balzac, Le père Goriot | publisher = Longman | location = Harlow | year = 1984 | isbn = 9780582781863 | page=5}}</ref>
* [[May 21]] – [[Mary Anning]], British paleontologist (d. 1847)
* [[May 25]] – [[Alexei Lvov]], Russian composer (d. 1870)
* [[June 3]] – [[Elisabetta Fiorini Mazzanti]], Italian botanist (d. 1879)
* [[June 6]] – [[Alexander Pushkin]], Russian author (d. 1837)
* [[June 18]] – [[Prosper Ménière]], French physician (d. 1862)
* [[June 25]] – [[David Douglas (botanist)|David Douglas]], Scottish-born botanist (d. 1834)

===July–December===
* [[July 4]] – King [[Oscar I of Sweden]] and Norway (d. 1859)<ref>{{cite web |title=Oscar I {{!}} king of Sweden and Norway |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Oscar-I |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=December 15, 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[July 6]] – [[Michael Thomas Bass]], English brewer (d. 1884)
* [[August 12]]
** [[Francis Abbott]], Australian astronomer (d. 1883)
** [[Patrick MacDowell]], Irish sculptor (d. 1870)
* [[September 1]] – [[Ferenc Gyulay]], Hungarian nobleman, general, and governor  (d. 1868)
* [[September 8]] – [[James Bowman Lindsay]], Scottish inventor (d. 1862)
* September 10 – [[George Willison Adams]], American abolitionist (d. 1879)
* [[October 1]] – [[John Brown Russwurm]], [[Americo-Liberian people|Americo-Liberian]] journalist and governor of the African [[Republic of Maryland]] (d. 1851)<ref>{{cite book |last=James |first=Winston |title=The Struggles of John Brown Russwurm |year=2010 |location=New York, NY |publisher=New York University Press |isbn=978-0-8147-4289-1 |pages=25, 90, 105}}</ref>
* [[October 18]] – [[Christian Friedrich Schönbein]], German chemist (d. 1868)
* [[October 26]] – [[Margaret Agnes Bunn]], British actress (d. 1883)
* [[November 1]] – [[Thomas Baldwin Marsh]], American religious leader (d. 1866)
* [[November 7]] – [[James Syme]], Scottish medical reformer (d. 1870)
* [[November 29]] – [[Amos Bronson Alcott]], American philosopher, educator and writer, father of novelist [[Louisa May Alcott]] (d. [[1888]])<ref>{{cite book|title = Eden's Outcasts: The Story of Louisa May Alcott and Her Father|url = https://archive.org/details/edensoutcastssto00matt|url-access = registration|last = Matteson|first = John|author-link=John Matteson|year = 2007|publisher = W. W. Norton & Company|location = New York|isbn = 978-0-393-33359-6|page=13}}</ref>
* [[December 3]] – [[Peggy Eaton]], born Margaret O'Neill, wife of United States Secretary of State [[John Eaton (politician)|John Eaton]] and central character in the [[Petticoat affair]] (d. 1879)
* [[December 25]] – [[Manuel Bulnes]], Chilean general and politician, [[President of Chile]] (d. 1866)

=== Date unknown ===
* [[James Townsend Saward]], English barrister, forger
* [[Domnița Rallou Caragea]], Greek princess, independence activist (d. 1870)

== Deaths ==
===January–June===
[[File:清 郎世宁绘《清高宗乾隆帝朝服像》.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Qianlong Emperor]]]]
[[File:Tipu Sultan BL.jpg|thumb|134x134px|[[Tipu Sultan]]]]
* [[January 9]] – [[Maria Gaetana Agnesi]], Italian mathematician (b. 1718)
* [[January 18]] – [[Heinrich Johann Nepomuk von Crantz]], Luxembourgish botanist (b. 1722)
* [[January 22]] – [[Horace-Bénédict de Saussure]], Swiss aristocrat, alpinist (b. 1740)
* [[January 26]] – [[Gabriel Christie (British Army officer)]], British Army general (b. 1722)
* [[February 6]] – [[Étienne-Louis Boullée]], French architect (b. 1728)
* [[February 7]] – [[Qianlong Emperor]] of China (b. 1711)
* [[February 9]] – [[Johann Baptist Babel]], Swiss sculptor (b. 1716)
* [[February 12]]
** [[František Xaver Dušek]], Czech composer (b. 1731)
** [[Lazzaro Spallanzani]], Italian biologist, physiologist (b. 1729)
* [[February 16]] – [[Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria]] (b. 1724)
* [[February 19]] – [[Jean-Charles de Borda]], French mathematician, physicist, political scientist, and sailor (b. 1733)
* [[February 22]] – [[Heshen]], Manchu official under Qianlong (b. 1750)
* [[February 24]] – [[Georg Christoph Lichtenberg]], German scientist, satirist, and Anglophile (b. 1742)<ref>{{cite book | last = Lichtenberg | first = Georg | title = Georg Christoph Lichtenberg : philosophical writings, selected from the Waste books | publisher = State University of New York Press | location = Albany | year = 2012 | isbn = 9781438441986 | page=2}}</ref>
* [[March 13]] – [[Richard Hotham]], English property developer and politician (b. 1722)
* [[March 17]] – [[Sir Charles Thompson, 1st Baronet]], British admiral, politician (b. c. 1740)
* [[March 18]]
** [[Charles Guillaume Le Normant d'Étiolles]], French official, husband of Madame de Pompadour (b. 1717)
** [[Adam Friedrich Oeser]], German etcher (b. 1717)
* [[March 28]] – [[Etta Palm d'Aelders]], Dutch-French feminist (b. 1743)
* [[March 29]] – [[Helena Dorothea von Schönberg]], German industrialist (b. 1729)
* [[April 3]] – [[Pierre Charles Le Monnier]], French astronomer (b. 1715)
* [[April 6]] – [[Alexander Bezborodko]], Grand Chancellor of Russia, architect of [[Catherine the Great]]'s foreign policy (b. 1747)
* [[April 28]] – [[Matthew Griswold (governor)]], 17th Governor of Connecticut (1784–1786) (b. 1714)
* [[May 2]] – [[Juan Vicente de Güemes, 2nd Count of Revillagigedo|Guemes Padilla Horcasitas]], the Viceroy of [[New Spain]] (b. 1740)
* [[May 4]] – [[Tipu Sultan]], 48, Indian warrior and ruler of the [[Kingdom of Mysore]] in the late 18th century (b. 1750)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tipu Sultan killed at Seringapatam {{!}} History Today |url=https://www.historytoday.com/archive/months-past/tipu-sultan-killed-seringapatam |access-date=2023-09-03 |website=www.historytoday.com}}</ref>
* [[May 18]] – [[Pierre Beaumarchais]], French writer (b. 1732)<ref>{{cite book | last = Sadie | first = Stanley | title = Mozart and his operas | publisher = Macmillan Reference Ltd. St. Martin's Press | location = London New York | year = 2000 | isbn = 9780333790199 | page=113}}</ref>
* [[May 22]] – [[Toypurina]], Medicine woman of the Tongva nation and rebel leader (b. 1750)
* [[May 26]] – [[James Burnett, Lord Monboddo]], Scottish jurist (b. 1714)
* [[May 30]] – [[Robert McQueen, Lord Braxfield]], Scottish advocate and judge (b. 1722)
* [[June 6]] – [[Patrick Henry]], American revolutionary politician, Governor of Virginia (b. 1736)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Glass |first=Andrew |date=2018-06-06 |title=Patrick Henry dies in Virginia at age 63, June 6, 1799 |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/06/06/patrick-henry-dies-in-virginia-at-age-63-june-6-1799-619111 |access-date=2023-09-03 |website=POLITICO |language=en}}</ref>
* [[June 7]] – [[Victoire of France]], French princess (b.1733)
* [[June 10]] – [[Chevalier de Saint-Georges]], Guadeloupe-born French musician (b. 1745)
* [[June 24]] – [[Dunbar Douglas, 4th Earl of Selkirk]], Scottish peer (b. 1722)
* [[June 30]] – [[Francesco Caracciolo (naval officer)|Francesco Caracciolo]], Neapolitan admiral, revolutionist (b. 1752)

===July–December===
[[File:Jacques Étienne Montgolfier.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Jacques-Étienne Montgolfier]]]]
[[File:Gilbert Stuart Williamstown Portrait of George Washington.jpg|thumb|110px|[[George Washington]]]]
* [[July 7]] – [[William Curtis]], English botanist, entomologist (b. 1746)
* [[August 2]] – [[Montgolfier brothers|Jacques Étienne Montgolfier]], French inventor of the hot-air balloon, balloonist (b. 1744)
* [[August 4]] – [[John Bacon (sculptor, born 1740)|John Bacon]], British sculptor (b. 1740)
* [[August 5]] – [[Richard Howe]], British admiral (b. 1726)
* [[August 15]] – [[Barthélemy Catherine Joubert]], French general (b. 1769)
* [[August 29]] – [[Pope Pius VI]] (b. 1717)
* [[August 31]] – [[Nicolas-Henri Jardin]], French architect (b. 1720)
* [[September 7]]
** [[Jan Ingenhousz]], Dutch physician, physiologist, biologist, and chemist (b. 1730)
** [[Louis Guillaume Lemonnier]], French botanist (b. 1717)
* [[October 6]] – [[William Withering]], British physician (b. 1741)
* [[October 9]] – [[Pierre Pigneau de Behaine]], French priest who helped to establish the [[Nguyễn dynasty]] (b. 1741)
* [[October 20]] – [[James Iredell]], [[Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States]] (b. 1751)
* [[October 24]] – [[Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf]], Austrian composer (b. 1739)
* [[November 22]] – [[Judith van Dorth]], Dutch orangist (b. 1747)
* [[November 23]] – [[Mark Robinson (Royal Navy officer)]], Royal Navy admiral (b. 1722)
* [[December 6]] – [[Joseph Black]], Scottish physician, physicist, and chemist (b. 1728)
* [[December 14]] – [[George Washington]], military leader of the American Revolution, president of the Constitutional Convention (1787), and the 1st President of the United States (b. 1732)
* [[December 18]] – [[Jean-Étienne Montucla]], French mathematician (b. 1725)
* [[December 31]] – [[Jean-François Marmontel]], French historian and writer (b. 1723)<ref>{{cite book|author1=Mueller von Asow|author2=Erich Hermann|author3=Mueller von Asow|title=Collected Correspondence and Papers|publisher=Barrie and Rockliff|year=1962|page=67}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1799}}
[[Category:1799| ]]