Editing 1816 in science

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{{Year nav topic5|1816|science}}
{{Science year nav|1816}}

The year '''1816 in [[science]]''' and [[technology]] involved some significant events, listed below.

==Botany==
* [[Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney|Botanic Gardens, Sydney]], established in Australia.

==Chemistry==
* [[Veuve Clicquot]] invents the riddling table process to clarify [[champagne]].

==Mathematics==
* [[John Farey, Sr.|John Farey]] notes the [[Farey sequence]].<ref>''Philosophical Magazine'' '''47''': 385–86. 1816.</ref>

==Medicine==
* [[René Laennec]] invents the [[stethoscope]].<ref>{{cite book|first=R. T. H.|last=Laennec|title=De l’Auscultation Médiate ou Traité du Diagnostic des Maladies des Poumons et du Coeur|location=Paris|publisher=Brosson & Chaudé|year=1819|chapter=preface}}</ref>
* [[Caleb Parry]] publishes ''An Experimental Inquiry into the Nature, Cause and Varieties of the Arterial Pulse'', describing the mechanisms for the [[pulse]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Parry, Caleb Hillier|url=http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/397.html|work=Whonamedit?|accessdate=2011-02-27}}</ref>

==Mineralogy==
* [[Johann Fischer von Waldheim]] publishes ''Essai sur la Turquoise et sur la Calaite'' in [[Moscow]], the first scientific treatise on the mineral [[turquoise]].

==Physics==
* Sir [[David Brewster]] ([[1781 in science|1781]]–[[1868 in science|1868]]) discovers stress [[birefringence]].

==Technology==
* January 9 – Sir [[Humphry Davy]]'s [[Davy lamp]] is first tested underground as a [[coal mining]] [[safety lamp]] at [[Hebburn]] Colliery in north east England.<ref>{{cite book|last=Thompson|first=Roy|title=Thunder underground: Northumberland mining disasters, 1815-1865|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u6sgAQAAIAAJ|accessdate=2013-01-08|year=2004|publisher=Landmark|location=Ashbourne|isbn=9781843061694|page=121}}</ref>
* The [[Spider Bridge at Falls of Schuylkill]], a temporary iron-wire footbridge erected across the [[Schuylkill River]], north of [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]], is the first wire-cable [[suspension bridge]] in history.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Peterson|first=Charles E.|title=The Spider Bridge: a curious work at the Falls of Schuylkill, 1816|journal=Canal History and Technology Proceedings|volume=5|date=22 March 1986|pages=243–59}}</ref>
* [[Johann Nepomuk Maelzel]] begins production of the [[metronome]] with a scale.<ref>{{cite journal|first=J. de Vos|last=Willems|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HugqAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA17|title=The Metronome|journal=[[The Harmonicon]]|volume=8|year=1830|accessdate=2011-05-18}}</ref>
* Rev. [[Robert Stirling]] obtains a [[patent]] in the [[United Kingdom]] for the [[Stirling engine|Stirling]] [[hot air engine]].
* English inventor [[Francis Ronalds]] demonstrates the practicability of the [[electric telegraph]] but it is rejected as "wholly unnecessary" at this time.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Descriptions of an Electrical Telegraph and of some other Electrical Apparatus|url=https://archive.org/details/descriptionsane00ronagoog|last=Ronalds|first=Francis|publisher=Hunter|year=1823|location=London}}</ref><ref>{{multiref|Ronalds, Beverley Frances. ''Sir Francis Ronalds: Father Of The Electric Telegraph''. World Scientific, 2016. p. 142. {{ISBN|1783269197}}.|{{Cite journal|last=Ronalds|first=B. F.|year=2016|title=Sir Francis Ronalds and the Electric Telegraph|journal=International Journal for the History of Engineering & Technology|volume=86|pages=42–55|doi=10.1080/17581206.2015.1119481|s2cid=113256632}}}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aps.org/publications/apsnews/201708/physicshistory.cfm|access-date=2020-08-03|work=This Month in Physics History|title=August 5, 1816: Sir Francis Ronalds' telegraph design rejected|publisher=American Physical Society}}</ref>
* ''approx. date'' – [[Simeon North]] in [[New England]] produces a practicable [[milling machine]] for working metal.<ref>{{cite book|authorlink=Diana Muir|first=Diana|last=Muir|title=[[Reflections in Bullough's Pond]]: Economy and Ecosystem in New England|location=Lebanon, New Hampshire|publisher=University Press of New England|isbn=978-0-87451-909-9}}</ref>

==Awards==
* [[Copley Medal]]: Not awarded<ref>{{cite web |title=Copley Medal {{!}} British scientific award |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/Copley-Medal |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |accessdate=21 July 2020 |language=en}}</ref>

==Births==
* January 2 – [[Anastasie Fătu]], Moldavian and Romanian physician and naturalist (died [[1886 in science|1886]])
* July 7 – [[Rudolf Wolf]], Swiss astronomer (died [[1893 in science|1893]])
* July 20 – [[Sir William Bowman, 1st Baronet]], English ophthalmologist, histologist and anatomist (died [[1892 in science|1892]])
* December 13 – [[Werner von Siemens|Werner Siemens]], German electrical engineer (died 1892)

==Deaths==
* January 2 – [[Louis-Bernard Guyton de Morveau]], French chemist (born [[1737 in science|1737]])
* April 7 – [[Christian Konrad Sprengel]], German botanist (born [[1750 in science|1750]])
* September 18 – [[Bernard McMahon]], Irish American horticulturalist (born c. [[1775 in science|1775]])
* September 28 – [[Edward Charles Howard|Edward Howard]], English chemist (born [[1774 in science|1774]])
* December 15 – [[Charles Stanhope, 3rd Earl Stanhope]], English engineer (born [[1753 in science|1753]])

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:1816 in science| ]]
[[Category:19th century in science]]
[[Category:1810s in science]]