Editing 1829 in science

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{{Year nav topic5|1829|science}}
{{Science year nav|1829}}

The year '''1829 in [[science]]''' and [[technology]] involved some significant events, listed below.

==Chemistry==
* [[Sir Isaac Holden, 1st Baronet|Isaac Holden]] produces a form of friction [[match]].

==Mathematics==
* [[Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet]] publishes a memoir giving the [[Dirichlet conditions]], showing for which functions the convergence of the [[Fourier series]] holds; introducing [[Dirichlet's test]] for the convergence of series; the [[Dirichlet function]] as an example that not any function is integrable; and, in the proof of the theorem for the Fourier series, the [[Dirichlet kernel]] and [[Dirichlet integral]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Bressoud|first=David M.|title=A radical approach to real analysis|edition=2nd|year=2007|publisher=Mathematical Association of America|location=[Washington, D.C.]|isbn=978-0-88385-747-2|pages=218–227}}</ref> He also introduces a general modern concept for a [[Function (mathematics)|function]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Elstrodt|first=Jürgen|journal=Clay Mathematics Proceedings|title=The Life and Work of Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet (1805–1859)|volume=7|year=2007|url=http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/tschinkel/gauss-dirichlet/elstrodt-new.pdf|accessdate=2011-10-20|archive-date=2021-05-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210522140235/http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/tschinkel/gauss-dirichlet/elstrodt-new.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky]] publishes his work on hyperbolic [[non-Euclidean geometry]].<ref>{{cite book|pages=108–111|first=Tony|last=Crilly|title=50 Mathematical Ideas you really need to know|location=London|publisher=Quercus|year=2007|isbn=978-1-84724-008-8}}</ref>
* [[Siméon Denis Poisson|S. D. Poisson]] publishes ''Sur l'attraction des sphéroides''.

==Medicine==
* Dr [[Benjamin Guy Babington]] makes the first known use of a [[laryngoscope]].<ref>{{cite journal|first=Teresa|last=Radomski|title=Manuel García (1805–1906): a bicentenary reflection|journal=Australian Voice|volume=11|pages=25–41|year=2005|url=http://www.harmonicorde.com/Radomski%20Australian%20Voice.pdf|accessdate=2012-02-07}}</ref>

==Palaeontology==
* [[Jules Desnoyers]] names the [[Quaternary]] period.
* [[Engis 2]], part of the skull of a young child and other bones, recognised in 1936 as the first known [[Neanderthal]] fossil, is found in the [[Awirs]] cave near [[Engis]] in the [[United Kingdom of the Netherlands]] (modern-day Belgium) by [[Philippe-Charles Schmerling]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Philippe-Charles|last=Schmerling|title=Recherches sur les ossements fossiles découverts dans les cavernes de la Province de Liège|publisher=P.-J. Collardin|location=Liège|year=1833}} S. 1–66.</ref>

==Technology==
* May – [[Cyrill Demian]] [[patent]]s a version of the [[accordion]] in [[Vienna]].
* June 30 – [[Henry Robinson Palmer]] files a British patent application for [[Corrugated galvanised iron|corrugated iron]] for use in buildings.<ref>{{cite book|first=Nick|last=Thomson|title=Corrugated Iron Buildings|location=Oxford|publisher=Shire Publications|year=2011|isbn=978-0-7478-0783-4|pages=7–8}}</ref>
* July 23 – In the [[United States]], [[William Austin Burt|William Burt]] obtains the first patent for a form of [[typewriter]], the ''[[Typographer (typewriter)|typographer]]''.<ref>[https://patents.google.com/patent/USX5581 U.S. Patent 5581X.]</ref>
* October 6–14 – The [[Rainhill Trials]], a [[steam locomotive]] competition, are run in [[England]] and won by [[Stephenson's Rocket|Stephenson's ''Rocket'']].
* December 19 – [[Charles Wheatstone]] patents the [[concertina]] in Britain.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.concertina.com/patents/index.htm#wheatstone-patent-1829 | title=Portfolio of Historic Concertina Patents }}</ref>
* William Mann invents the compound [[air compressor]].
* [[Louis Braille]] publishes the first description of his method of [[Paper embossing|embossed]] printing that allows the [[visually impaired]] to read.<ref>''Procédé pour écrire les Paroles, la Musique et le Plain-chant au moyen de points, à l'usage des Aveugles et disposés pour eux''. Paris.</ref>

==Higher Education==
* [[Chalmers University of Technology]] founded in [[Gothenburg]], [[Sweden]].
* [[Technical University of Denmark]] (originally named 'College of Advanced Technology') founded in [[Copenhagen]], [[Denmark]].
* [[University of Stuttgart]] founded in [[Stuttgart]], [[Germany]].
* [[Ecole Centrale Paris]] (originally named 'École Centrale des Arts et Manufactures') founded in [[Paris]], [[France]].

==Awards==
* [[Copley Medal]]: not awarded<ref>{{cite web |title=Copley Medal {{!}} British scientific award |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/Copley-Medal |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |accessdate=22 July 2020 |language=en}}</ref>

==Births==
* February 2
** [[Alfred Brehm]] (died [[1884 in science|1884]]), German [[zoologist]].
** [[William Stanley (inventor)|William Stanley]] (died [[1909 in science|1909]]), English [[Invention|inventor]].
* March 23 – [[N. R. Pogson]] (died [[1891 in science]]), English-born [[astronomer]].
* April 28 – [[Charles Bourseul]] (died [[1912 in science|1912]]), Belgian-born [[telegraph]] engineer.
* April 30 – [[Ferdinand von Hochstetter]] (died [[1884 in science|1884]]), German-born [[geologist]].
* July 30 – [[George Rolleston]] (died [[1881 in science|1881]]), English [[physician]] and zoologist.
* August 13 (O.S. August 1) – [[Ivan Sechenov]] (died [[1905 in science|1905]]), "father of Russian [[physiology]]".
* August 23 – [[Moritz Cantor]] (died [[1920 in science|1920]]), German historian of mathematics.
* August 24 - [[Emanuella Carlbeck]] (died [[1901 in science|1901]]), Swedish pioneer in the education of students with intellectual disability.
* September 7 – [[August Kekulé]] (died [[1896 in science|1896]]), German [[chemist]].
* September 30
** [[Franz Reuleaux]] (died 1905), German [[mechanical engineer]], "father of kinematics".
** [[Joseph Wolstenholme]] (died 1891), English [[mathematician]].
* October 15 – [[Asaph Hall]] (died [[1907 in science|1907]]), American astronomer.
* November 4 – [[Hanna Hammarström]] (died [[1909 in science|1909]]), Swedish inventor.

==Deaths==
* March 1 – [[Thomas Earnshaw]] (born [[1749 in science|1749]]), English [[watchmaker]].
* April 6 – [[Niels Henrik Abel]] (born [[1802 in science|1802]]), Norwegian [[mathematician]].
* May 10 – [[Thomas Young (scientist)|Thomas Young]] (born [[1773 in science|1773]]), English [[physicist]].
* May 29 – [[Humphry Davy]] (born [[1778 in science|1778]]), English [[chemist]].
* June 29 – [[James Smithson]] (born [[1764 in science|1764]]), English [[mineralogist]], chemist and [[Benefactor (law)|benefactor]].
* November 14 – [[Louis Nicolas Vauquelin]] (born [[1763 in science|1763]]), French chemist.
* October 10 – [[Maria Elizabetha Jacson]] (born [[1755 in science|1755]]), English [[botanist]].
* December 28 – [[Jean-Baptiste Lamarck]] (born [[1744 in science|1744]]), French [[Natural history|naturalist]].
* ''undated'' – [[Huang Lü]], Chinese scientist.

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:1829 in science| ]]
[[Category:19th century in science]]
[[Category:1820s in science]]