Editing 1863 in architecture

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{{Year nav topic5|1863|architecture}}

The year '''1863 in architecture''' involved some significant architectural events and new buildings.

==Events==
[[File:Metropolitan Underground Railway stations.jpg|thumb|London]]
* [[January 10]] – The [[Metropolitan Railway]], [[London]], England, is opened, the world's first [[Rapid transit|underground railway]] (engineer: [[Sir John Fowler, 1st Baronet|John Fowler]]).<ref>{{cite book|chapter=1863|title=The People's Chronology|editor=Everett, Jason M.|publisher=Thomson Gale|year=2006}}</ref>
* [[December 2]] – The [[Statue of Freedom]] is set on top of the new dome of the [[United States Capitol]] in [[Washington, D.C.]]<ref>Gale, Robert L. ''Thomas Crawford: American Sculptor'', University of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh, 1964, p. 190</ref>
* ''date unknown''
** The [[École des Beaux-Arts]] in [[Paris]] becomes independent of the [[Académie des Beaux-Arts]].
** [[William Burges]] is declared winner of the competition to design the new [[Saint Fin Barre's Cathedral]], [[Cork (city)|Cork]] ([[Church of Ireland]]), his first major commission.<ref>{{cite book|first1=David|last1=Lawrence|first2=Ann|last2=Wilson|title=The Cathedral of St Fin Barre at Cork: William Burges in Ireland|year=2006|location=Dublin|publisher=Four Courts Press|isbn=978-1-84682-023-6|page=19}}</ref>

==Buildings and structures==
===Buildings opened===
* [[March 2]] – [[Clapham Junction railway station]], London.
* [[October 18]] – [[Befreiungshalle]] memorial above [[Kelheim]] in [[Bavaria]], designed by [[Friedrich von Gärtner]] and completed by [[Leo von Klenze]], is inaugurated.
* [[October 27]] – [[Leeuwarden railway station]] in the Netherlands, designed by Charles van Brederode.
* [[December 13]] – [[Gulen Church]], Eivindvik, Norway, designed by [[Georg Andreas Bull]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kirkesok.no/eng/kirker/Gulen-kyrkje|title=Gulen kyrkje|publisher=Kirkesøk: Kirkebyggdatabasen|access-date=2014-01-09}}</ref> consecrated by Dean Thomas Erichsen.

===Buildings completed===
* [[Berns Salonger]], [[Stockholm]], Sweden.
* [[Smíchov Synagogue]], Prague, Czech Republic.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.praguepost.com/archivescontent/37531-smichov-s-historical-holdout.html|title=Smichov's historical holdout (June 19, 2003)|publisher=Prague Post|access-date=2011-09-11}}</ref>
* [[Kelham Hall]] near [[Newark-on-Trent]], England, designed by [[George Gilbert Scott]].

==Awards==
* [[Royal Institute of British Architects|RIBA]] [[Royal Gold Medal]] – [[Anthony Salvin]].
* [[Grand Prix de Rome]], architecture: {{ill|Emmanuel Brune|fr}}.

==Births==
* [[April 3]] – [[Henry van de Velde]], Belgian painter, architect and interior designer (died [[1957 in architecture|1957]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Berko, P.|author2=Berko, V.|year=1981|title=Dictionary of Belgian painters born between 1750 & 1875|publisher=Knokke|pages=684–85}}</ref>
* [[May 17]] – [[C. R. Ashbee]], English interior designer (died [[1942 in architecture|1942]])
* [[October 21]] – [[George Troup (architect)|Sir George Troup]], New Zealand architect, engineer and statesman (died [[1941 in architecture|1941]])
* [[December 16]] – [[Ralph Adams Cram]], [[Americans|American]] architect of academic and ecclesiastical buildings (died 1942)
* [[W. G. R. Sprague]], Australian-born British theatre architect (died [[1933 in architecture|1933]])

==Deaths==
* [[June 16]] – [[Ludwig Förster]], Austrian religious architect (died [[1797 in architecture|1797]])
* [[September 17]] – [[Charles Robert Cockerell]], English architect, archaeologist and writer (born [[1788 in architecture|1788]])<ref>{{cite book|title=The Life and Work of C. R. Cockerell|first=David|last=Watkin|year=1974|publisher=Zwemmer|isbn=0-302-02571-5}}</ref>
* [[October 9]] – [[Andrew Egan]], Irish architect and builder (born c.1810)<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Mark of a Man: The Life of Andrew Egan, Builder and Architect of Tuam|first=Deirdre|last=Goggin|pages=39–62|journal=Journal of the Old Tuam Society|volume=1|year=2004}}</ref>
* [[October 28]] – [[William Cubitt (politician)|William Cubitt]], English building and civil engineering contractor and politician (born [[1791 in architecture|1791]])
* [[December 29]] – [[Joseph John Scoles]], English Catholic architect (born [[1798 in architecture|1798]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Brodie |first1=Antonia |last2=Library |first2=British Architectural |last3=Architects |first3=Royal Institute of British |title=Directory of British Architects, 1834-1914: Vol. 2 (L-Z) |date=2001 |publisher=A&C Black |isbn=9780826455147 |page=553 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GkThQYLb3ZUC&pg=PA553|language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:1863 works|Architecture]]
[[Category:Years in architecture]]
[[Category:19th-century architecture]]