Editing 1876 in literature

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{{Year nav topic5|1876|literature|poetry}}

This article contains information about the literary events and publications of '''1876'''.

==Events==
*[[February 24]] – The stage première of the verse-play ''[[Peer Gynt]]'' by [[Henrik Ibsen]] (published [[1867 in literature|1867]]) with incidental music by [[Edvard Grieg]], takes place in [[Oslo|Christiania]], Norway.<ref>{{cite book|author=Edvard Grieg|title=Peer Gynt: suites nos. 1 and 2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oCbnKHiV-wEC&pg=PP4|date=1 January 1997|publisher=Courier Corporation|isbn=978-0-486-29582-4|pages=4}}</ref>
*February/March – ''[[The Harvard Lampoon]]'' humor magazine is founded in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]].
*[[March 14]] – [[Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Roma]] established in [[Rome]].
*March
**[[Americans|American]] librarian [[Melvil Dewey]] first publishes the [[Dewey Decimal Classification]] system.<ref>{{cite book |title=A Classification and Subject Index for Cataloguing and Arranging the Books and Pamphlets of a Library |url=http://www.gutenberg.org/files/12513/12513-h/12513-h.htm |first=Melvil |last=Dewey |year=1876 |oclc=78870163 |accessdate=2012-07-31}}</ref>
**[[George Bernard Shaw]] moves permanently from [[Dublin]] to England, after which he begins his writing career as the [[ghostwriter]] of a musical column in London satirical weekly ''The Hornet''.
*April – [[Émile Zola]]'s ''[[L'Assommoir]]'' begins serialization in ''Le Bien public''. Its low-life themes cause it to be suspended after six episodes; serialization resumes in July in ''La République des lettres''.
*July – William Heffer takes over his first bookshop in [[Cambridge]] (England), primarily as a stationer at this date.<ref>{{cite book |first=Julie E. |last=Bounford |title=This Book is About Heffers, The Bookshop That is Known All Over the World |publisher=Gottahavebooks |year=2016 |isbn=9780993378133}}</ref>
*December – The first United States edition of [[Mark Twain]]'s first individual extended work of fiction, the ''[[Bildungsroman]]'' ''[[The Adventures of Tom Sawyer]]'', illustrated by [[True Williams]], is published by the [[American Publishing Company]]. An authorised non-illustrated British edition has appeared in early June from [[Chatto & Windus]] in London (with the first review appearing on June 24 in a British magazine) and pirated editions have appeared in Canada and Germany.
*''unknown dates''
**The first ([[1594 in literature|1594]]) edition of [[Christopher Marlowe]]'s play ''[[Edward II (play)|Edward II]]'' is discovered.<ref>''[[Athenaeum (British magazine)|The Atheneum]]'', No. 2562, 2 December 1876.</ref>
**The [[Théâtre des Bouffes du Nord]] opens in Paris.<ref>{{cite book|author=Roy Johnston|title=Parisian Architecture of the Belle Epoque|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9N9PAAAAMAAJ|date=20 March 2007|publisher=Wiley|isbn=978-0-470-01555-1|page=47}}</ref>

==New books==
===Fiction===
*[[W. H. Ainsworth]]
**''Chetwynd Calverley''
**''The Leaguer of Lathom''
*[[Machado de Assis]] – ''[[Helena (Machado de Assis novel)|Helena]]''
*[[Isabella Banks]] (Mrs. G. Linnæus Banks) – ''[[The Manchester Man (novel)|The Manchester Man]]''
*[[Walter Besant]] and [[James Rice (writer)|James Rice]] – ''The Golden Butterfly''<ref>{{cite book |first=Q. D. |last=Leavis |authorlink=Q. D. Leavis |title=Fiction and the Reading Public |edition=2nd |location=London |publisher=Chatto & Windus |year=1965}}</ref>
*[[Mary Elizabeth Braddon]] - ''Dead Men's Shoes''
*[[Rhoda Broughton]] – ''Joan''
*[[Robert Williams Buchanan|Robert Buchanan]] – ''The Shadow of the Sword''
*[[Wilkie Collins]] – ''The Two Destinies''
*[[Alphonse Daudet]] – ''Jack''
*[[Swarnakumari Devi]] – ''Deepnirban''
*[[Fyodor Dostoevsky]] – ''[[A Gentle Creature]]''
*[[George Eliot]] – ''[[Daniel Deronda]]''<ref
 name="People's Chronology">{{cite book |chapter=1876 |title=The People's Chronology |editor=Everett, Jason M. |publisher=Thomson Gale |year=2006}}</ref>
*[[George Meredith]] – "[[Beauchamp's Career]]"
*[[Benito Pérez Galdós]] – ''[[Doña Perfecta]]''
*[[John Habberton]] – ''[[Helen's Babies (novel)|Helen's Babies]]''
*[[Thomas Hardy]] – ''[[The Hand of Ethelberta]]''
*[[Joris-Karl Huysmans]] – ''Martha''
*[[Helen Hunt Jackson]] - ''Mercy Philbrick's Choice''
*[[Jens Peter Jacobsen]] – ''Fru Marie Grubbe''
*[[Herman Melville]] – ''[[Clarel]]''
*[[Anthony Trollope]] – ''[[The Prime Minister (novel)|The Prime Minister]]'' (complete in book form)<ref name="People's Chronology"/>
*[[Jules Verne]] – ''[[Michael Strogoff]]''
*[[Charlotte M. Yonge]] – ''The Three Brides''
*[[Émile Zola]] – ''[[Son Excellence Eugène Rougon]]''

===Children and young people===
*[[Louisa May Alcott]] – ''[[Rose in Bloom]]''
*[[Mark Twain]] – ''[[The Adventures of Tom Sawyer]]''<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hahn |first1=Daniel |title=The Oxford Companion to Children's Literature |date=2015 |publisher=Oxford. University Press |isbn=9780198715542 |page=5 |edition=2nd}}</ref>

===Drama===
*[[Émile Augier]] – ''Madame Caverlet''
*[[Rosario de Acuña Villanueva de la Iglesia|Rosario de Acuña]] – ''Rienzi el tribuno''
*[[W. S. Gilbert]] – ''[[Dan'l Druce, Blacksmith]]''
*[[Julius Villiam Gudmand-Høyer]] – ''Sorte Ellen og Hendes Søn''
*[[Henrik Ibsen]] – ''[[Peer Gynt]]''

===Poetry===
*[[Robert Browning]] - ''Pacchiarotto''
*[[Lewis Carroll]] – ''[[The Hunting of the Snark]]''
*[[Edward Lear]] – ''Laughable Lyrics'' (published December, dated 1877)<ref>{{cite web |title=A Chronology of Edward Lear's Life |url=http://www.nonsenselit.org/Lear/learbio.html |work=Edward Lear Home Page |publisher=nonsenselit.org |date=2012-08-10 |accessdate=2017-02-24}}</ref>
*[[Julia A. Moore]] – ''The Sentimental Song Book''

===Non-fiction===
*[[Michael Foster (physiologist)|Michael Foster]] – ''Textbook of Physiology''
*[[William Ewart Gladstone]] – ''Bulgarian Horrors''
*Francis Tilney Bassett – ''The Catholic Epistle of St. James''
*Professor Louis Hoffmann (Angelo John Lewis) – ''[[Modern Magic]]''
*[[Søren Kierkegaard]] (died 1855) – ''[[Judge for Yourselves!]] (Dømmer selv!)''
*[[Friedrich Nietzsche]] – ''[[Untimely Meditations]] (Unzeitgemässe Betrachtungen)''
*''[[Robert's Rules of Order]]''
*[[George Smith (Assyriologist)|George Smith]] (ed.) – ''The Chaldean Account of Genesis''

==Births==
*[[January 4]] – [[Paola Drigo]], Italian writer (died [[1938 in literature|1938]])
*[[January 12]] – [[Jack London]], American writer (died [[1916 in literature|1916]])
*[[February 11]] – [[Mary Frances Dowdall]], English novelist and non-fiction writer (died [[1939 in literature|1939]])<ref>{{cite book|author=James Balfour Paul|title=The Scots Peerage: Banff-Cranstoun|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ELEEAAAAIAAJ|year=1905|publisher=D. Douglas|page=119}}</ref>
*[[February 16]] – [[G. M. Trevelyan]], English historian (died [[1962 in literature|1962]])
*[[March 4]] – [[Léon-Paul Fargue]], French poet (died [[1947 in literature|1947]])
*[[April 13]] – [[Sidney Bradshaw Fay]] American historian (died [[1967 in literature|1967]])
*[[April 22]] – [[Ole Edvart Rolvaag]], Norwegian-American writer (died [[1931 in literature|1931]])
*[[May 10]] – [[Ivan Cankar]], Slovene dramatist and poet (died [[1918 in literature|1918]])
*[[June 2]] – [[Konstantin Trenyov]], Russian dramatist (died [[1945 in literature|1945]])
*[[July 1]] – [[Susan Glaspell]], American playwright and novelist (died [[1948 in literature|1948]])
*[[July 12]] – [[Max Jacob]], French poet (died [[1944 in literature|1944]])
*[[September 13]] – [[Sherwood Anderson]], American novelist (died [[1941 in literature|1941]])
*[[October 31]] – [[Natalie Clifford Barney]], American writer and patron (died [[1972 in literature|1972]])
*[[November 1]] – [[Anne de Noailles]], French writer (died [[1933 in literature|1933]])
*[[December 22]]:
**[[Filippo Tommaso Marinetti]], Italian poet, art theorist and Futurist writer (died [[1944 in literature|1944]])
**[[Thomas Mofolo]], [[Sotho people|Sotho]] novelist (died [[1948 in literature|1948]])

==Deaths==
*[[January 7]] – [[Juste Olivier]], Swiss poet (born [[1807 in literature|1807]])
*[[January 19]] – [[George Julius Poulett Scrope]], English political economist (born [[1797 in literature|1797]])
*[[February 1]] – [[Meenakshi Sundaram Pillai]], Tamil scholar and poet (born [[1815 in literature|1815]])
*[[February 3]] – [[Gino Capponi]], Italian historian (born [[1792 in literature|1792]])
*[[February 6]] – [[Georgiana Chatterton]], English novelist and travel writer (born [[1806 in literature|1806]])
*[[February 27]] – [[Afanasy Shchapov]], Russian historian (born [[1830 in literature|1830]])
*[[March 2]] – [[Johannes Falke]], German historian (born [[1823 in literature|1823]])
*[[March 9]] – [[Louise Colet]], French poet (born [[1810 in literature|1810]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Louise Colet {{!}} French writer {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Louise-Colet |website=www.britannica.com |access-date=26 June 2022 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[May 7]] – [[William Buell Sprague]], American biographer (born [[1795 in literature|1795]])
*[[May 13]] – [[Joshua Hobson]], English pamphleteer (born [[1810 in literature|1810]])<ref>{{cite book|title=Publications of the Thoresby Society: Miscellany|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dzMSAAAAIAAJ|year=1963|publisher=Thoresby Society|page=104}}</ref>
*[[May 24]] – [[Henry Kingsley]], English novelist (born [[1830 in literature|1830]])
*[[May 26]] – [[František Palacký]], Czech historian (born [[1798 in literature|1798]])
*[[June 8]] – [[George Sand]], French novelist (born [[1804 in literature|1804]])
*[[June 14]] – [[Catherine Crowe]], English novelist and children's writer (born [[1803 in literature|1803]])
*[[June 20]] – [[John Neal]], American novelist and critic (born [[1793 in literature|1793]])<ref>{{cite book | last = Sears | first = Donald A. | title = John Neal | publisher = Twayne Publishers | location = Boston, Massachusetts | year = 1978 | isbn = 080-5-7723-08 | page = 12}}</ref>
*[[June 27]] – [[Harriet Martineau]], English philosopher and social theorist (born [[1802 in literature|1802]])
*[[July 14]] – [[James Henry (poet)|James Henry]], Irish poet and scholar (born [[1798 in literature|1798]])
*[[July 24]] – [[John William Kaye]], English military historian (born [[1814 in literature|1814]])
*[[July 25]] – [[Robert Caesar Childers]], French-born English orientalist (born [[1838 in literature|1838]])
*[[October 7]] – [[Georg Heinrich Pertz]], German historian (born [[1795 in literature|1795]])
*[[November 24]] – [[Maria Francesca Rossetti]], English critic and translator (born [[1827 in literature|1827]])
*[[November 28]] – [[Chandos Wren-Hoskyns]], English agricultural writer and landowner (born [[1812 in literature|1812]])
*[[December 30]] – [[Christian Winther]], Danish lyric poet (born [[1796 in literature|1796]])<ref>{{cite book|title=¬The academy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sgbl62f9W2gC&pg=PA30|year=1877|pages=30}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

{{Year in literature article categories}}