Editing 1885 in architecture

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{{Year nav topic5|1885|architecture}}

The year '''1885 in architecture''' involved some significant architectural events and new buildings.

==Events==
* May – The original wooden structures of [[Hobson Block]], West Union, Iowa, USA, are destroyed by fire, leading to construction of the present building.
* [[W. D. Caroe|W. D. Caröe]] is appointed architect to the [[Ecclesiastical Commissioners]] for [[England]].<ref>{{cite ODNB|first=Ian|last=MacAlister|title=Caröe, William Douglas (1857–1938)|year=2004|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/32298|access-date=2012-07-05|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/32298}} </ref>
* Construction of the [[Altare della Patria]] (''Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II'') in Rome, designed by [[Giuseppe Sacconi]], begins; it will not be completed until [[1925 in architecture|1925]].
[[File:HollowaySan1884front.jpg|thumb|300px|[[Holloway Sanatorium]]]]

==Buildings and structures==
===Buildings opened===
* [[July 13]] – New building for the [[Rijksmuseum]] in [[Amsterdam]], designed by [[Pierre Cuypers]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Stadhouderskade 42. Rijksmuseum (1876/85) |work=Monumenten en Archeologie in Amsterdam |publisher=[[Amsterdam (municipality)|City of Amsterdam]] |url=http://www.bma.amsterdam.nl/adam/nl/msp/rijksmuseum.html |access-date=2013-03-24 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070209104451/http://www.bma.amsterdam.nl/adam/nl/msp/rijksmuseum.html |archive-date=February 9, 2007 }}</ref>
* [[November 30]] – [[London Pavilion]] variety theatre, designed by [[Robert Worley (architect)|Robert Worley]] and [[James Ebenezer Saunders]].
* [[December 27]] – Church of [[St. Peter, Leipzig]], designed by [[August Hartel]] and [[Constantin Lipsius]].
* [[Castle Hotel, Conwy]], [[Wales]].<ref>{{National Historic Assets of Wales|num=3301|desc=Castle Hotel|mode=cs2 |access-date=11 April 2019}}</ref>
* [[Church of Saint Anthony of Padua, Busovača]], Bosnia-Herzegovina.<ref>{{in lang|hr}}http://www.bosnasrebrena.ba/v2010/samostani-i-zupe/samostansko-podrucje-fojnica/busovaca.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915072427/http://bosnasrebrena.ba/v2010/samostani-i-zupe/samostansko-podrucje-fojnica/busovaca.html |date=2016-09-15 }}</ref>
* [[Vestermarie Church]], Bornholm, Denmark.
* [[Corinthia Hotel London|Metropole Hotel, London]], designed by [[Francis Fowler (architect)|Francis Fowler]] and James Ebenezer Saunders.

===Buildings completed===
[[File:Athens academy.jpg|thumb|The [[Academy of Athens (modern)|Academy of Athens]], Greece]]
* Autumn – The [[Home Insurance Building]] in [[Chicago, Illinois]], designed by [[William Le Baron Jenney]]. With ten floors and a fireproof weight-bearing metal frame, it is regarded as the first [[skyscraper]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Home Insurance Building|url=http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=10370|work=SkyscraperPage|access-date=2011-06-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629092831/http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=10370|archive-date=29 June 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Academy of Athens (modern)|Academy of Athens]] (Greece), designed by [[Theophil Hansen]] in [[1859 in architecture|1859]].
* [[Holloway Sanatorium]] near [[Virginia Water]] in England, designed by [[William Henry Crossland]].
* [[Sway, Hampshire#Sway Tower|Sway Tower]] in [[Hampshire]], England, designed by [[Andrew Thomas Turton Peterson|Andrew Peterson]] using concrete made with [[Portland cement]]. It remains the world's tallest non-reinforced concrete structure.<ref>{{cite book|last=James|first=J.|title=All about Sway Tower|location=Lymington|publisher=Lymington Museum Trust|year=1997}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Trout|first=Edwin|title=Sway Tower: an early example of high-rise concrete construction|journal=Concrete|date=October 2002|pages=64–5}}</ref>
* House for [[Kate Greenaway]], [[Frognal]], London, designed by [[Richard Norman Shaw]].
* Elmside (house), [[Grange Road, Cambridge]], England, designed by [[Edward Schroeder Prior|Edward Prior]].
* Rebuilt [[Framingham Railroad Station]] in [[Framingham, Massachusetts]], designed by [[H. H. Richardson]].

==Awards==
* [[Royal Institute of British Architects|RIBA]] [[Royal Gold Medal]] – [[Heinrich Schliemann]].
* [[Grand Prix de Rome]], architecture: François Paul André.

==Births==
* [[February 23]] – [[Yoshikazu Uchida]], Japanese architect and structural engineer (died [[1972 in architecture|1972]])
* [[July 13]] – [[Adolf Behne]], German art historian, architectural writer and leader of the Avant Garde movement (died [[1948 in architecture|1948]])
* [[July 15]] – [[Josef Frank (architect)|Josef Frank]], Austrian-born architect and designer (died [[1967 in architecture|1967]])
* [[July 29]] – [[Sigurd Lewerentz]], Swedish architect and furniture designer (died [[1975 in architecture|1975]])
* [[August 13]] – [[Charles Howard Crane]], American architect (died [[1952 in architecture|1952]])
* [[August 30]] – [[Paul Gösch]], German Expressionist artist, architect, lithographer and designer (died [[1940 in architecture|1940]])<ref>{{cite book|first=Wolfgang|last=Pehnt|title=Expressionist Architecture|location=Westport, CT|publisher=Praeger|year=1973}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|first=Peter|last=Selz|title=German Expressionist Painting|location=Berkeley|publisher=University of California Press|year=1957}}</ref>
* [[September 22]] – [[Gunnar Asplund]], Swedish "Nordic Classicist" architect (died [[1940 in architecture|1940]])
* [[December 5]] – [[Ernest Cormier]], Canadian engineer and architect (died [[1980 in architecture|1980]])
* [[December 17]] – [[Wells Coates]], Canadian architect, designer and writer (died [[1958 in architecture|1958]])
* [[December 28]] – [[Vladimir Tatlin]], Russian painter and architect (died [[1953 in architecture|1953]])<ref>{{cite book|last=Lynton|first=Norbert|title=Tatlin's Tower: Monument to Revolution|year=2009|publisher=Yale University Press|location=New Haven|isbn=978-0-300-11130-9|pages=1}}</ref>

==Deaths==
* [[February 1]] – [[Henri Dupuy de Lôme]], French naval architect (born [[1816 in architecture|1816]])
* [[March 9]] – [[Matthew Ellison Hadfield]], English Victorian Gothic architect (born [[1812 in architecture|1812]])
* [[May 22]] – [[Théodore Ballu]], French architect of public buildings (born [[1817 in architecture|1817]])
* [[May 28]] – [[Horace King (architect)|Horace King]], US architect, engineer, and bridge builder.<ref>Carl Vinson Institute of Government, University of Georgia, ''[http://www.cviog.uga.edu/Projects/gainfo/gahistmarkers/horacekinghistmarker.htm Horace King Historical Marker] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080916234636/http://www.cviog.uga.edu/Projects/gainfo/gahistmarkers/horacekinghistmarker.htm |date=2008-09-16 }}'', retrieved November 3, 2007.</ref>
* [[June 14]] – [[William Tinsley (architect)|William Tinsley]], US-based Irish architect (born [[1804 in architecture|1804]])
* [[August 1]] – [[Thomas Leverton Donaldson]], British architect, co-founder and President of the Royal Institute of British Architects<ref>Oxford Dictionary of National Biography,Oxford University Press, 2004. Accessed 10 Feb 2014.[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/7806]</ref>
* [[August 24]] – [[Eduard Riedel]], German architect and Bavarian government building officer (born [[1813 in architecture|1813]])
* [[September 2]] – [[Giuseppe Bonavia]], Maltese architect (born [[1821 in architecture|1821]])
* [[November 16]] – [[Frederick Ernst Ruffini]], US architect (born [[1851 in architecture|1851]])

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:1885 works|Architecture]]
[[Category:Years in architecture]]
[[Category:19th-century architecture]]