Editing 1890

{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}}
{{Year dab|1890}}
{{Year nav|1890}}
{{C19 year in topic}}{{Year article header|1890}}
{{TOC limit|2}}

== Events ==
[[File:Nellie Bly 2.jpg|thumb|120px|right| [[January 25]]: [[Nellie Bly]], 1890]]
=== January–March ===
* [[January 1]] – The [[Kingdom of Italy]] establishes [[Eritrea]] as its colony in the [[Horn of Africa]].
* [[January 2]] – Alice Sanger becomes the first female staffer in the [[White House]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history.do?action=Article&id=95 |title=This Day in History: 1890 |work=History.com |publisher=A&E Television Networks |access-date=2009-10-27 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209191324/http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history.do?action=Article&id=95 |archive-date=February 9, 2010 }}</ref>
* [[January 11]] – [[1890 British Ultimatum]]: The United Kingdom demands Portugal withdraw its forces from the land between the Portuguese colonies of [[Portuguese Mozambique|Mozambique]] and [[Portuguese Angola|Angola]] (most of present-day [[Zimbabwe]] and [[Zambia]]).
* [[January 15]] – Ballet ''[[The Sleeping Beauty (ballet)|The Sleeping Beauty]]'', with music by [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky|Tchaikovsky]], is premiered at the [[Mariinsky Theatre|Imperial Mariinsky Theatre]] in [[Saint Petersburg|St. Petersburg]], Russia.
* [[January 25]]
** The [[United Mine Workers]] of America is founded.
** American journalist [[Nellie Bly]] completes her round-the-world journey in 72 days.
* [[February 5]] – The worldwide [[insurance]] and [[financial]] service brand [[Allianz]] is founded in [[Berlin]], Germany.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EDjSAAAAIAAJ&q=Allianz+AG+February+5,+1890|title=Germany, Inc: the new German juggernaut and its challenge to world business|page=130|access-date=2013-07-16|year=2000|publisher=John Wiley|author=Werner Meyer-Larsen|isbn=9780471353577}}</ref>
* [[February 18]] – The [[National American Woman Suffrage Association]] (NAWSA) is founded by [[Elizabeth Cady Stanton]] and [[Susan B. Anthony]].
* [[February 24]] – [[Chicago]] is selected to host the [[World's Columbian Exposition|Columbian Exposition]].
* [[March 3]] – The first [[American football]] game in [[Ohio State University]] history is played in [[Delaware, Ohio]], against [[Ohio Wesleyan Battling Bishops|Ohio Wesleyan]]
* [[March 4]] – The [[Forth Bridge]], the longest bridge in [[Great Britain]], on the [[Firth of Forth]] in Scotland, is opened to rail traffic.
* [[March 8]] – [[North Dakota State University]] is founded in [[Fargo, North Dakota|Fargo]].
* [[March 17]] – The first railway in [[South African Republic|Transvaal]], the Randtram, opens between [[Boksburg]] and [[Braamfontein]] in [[Johannesburg]].<ref name="SAR History">''The South African Railways – Historical Survey''. Editor George Hart, Publisher Bill Hart, Sponsored by Dorbyl Ltd., Published c. 1978.</ref>
* [[March 20]] – Kaiser [[Wilhelm II]] forces [[Otto von Bismarck]] to resign as [[Chancellor of Germany]].
* [[March 27]]
** [[March 1890 middle Mississippi Valley tornado outbreak]]: 24 significant tornadoes are spawned by one system, including one that kills 76 people in [[Louisville]], Kentucky.
** [[Preston North End]] retain the English Football League Championship, winning their final game at [[Notts County]]
* [[March 28]] – [[Washington State University]] is founded in [[Pullman, Washington|Pullman]].
=== April–June ===
[[File:ClevelandArcade Interior Flag.jpg|thumb|180px|right| [[May 30]]: [[Cleveland Arcade]].]]
[[File:Hollerith.jpg|thumb|90px|right| [[June 1]]: [[Herman Hollerith]].]]
* [[April 2]] – [[Kashihara Shrine]], a landmark spot in [[Nara Prefecture]], [[Japan]], is officially built by [[Emperor Mutsuhito]] (Emperor of Meiji).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://p-www.iwate-pu.ac.jp/~acro-ito/Japan_pics/Japan_NAS/imageidx.html|title=Asuka Area, Nara|website=Iwate University|access-date=2019-01-01}}</ref>
* [[April 14]] – At the [[First International Conference of American States]], in Washington D.C., The Commercial Bureau of the American Republics is founded.
* [[May 1]] – A coordinated series of mass rallies and one-day strikes is held throughout many cities and mining towns in Europe and North America, to demand an [[Eight-hour day|eight-hour workday]].<ref>Hermann, Christoph: ''Capitalism and the Political Economy of Work Time'', p. 113</ref>
* [[May 2]] – President Benjamin Harrison signs the [[Oklahoma Organic Act]], under which [[Oklahoma Territory]] is organized, a prerequisite for later statehood.
* [[May 12]] – The first ever ''official'' English [[County Championship]] [[cricket]] match begins in [[Bristol]]; [[Yorkshire County Cricket Club|Yorkshire]] beats [[Gloucestershire County Cricket Club|Gloucestershire]], by eight wickets.
* [[May 20]] – Dutch artist [[Vincent van Gogh]] moves to [[Auvers-sur-Oise]] on the edge of Paris, in the care of [[Paul Gachet]], where he will produce around seventy paintings in as many days. 
* [[May 30]] – The five-story skylight [[Cleveland Arcade|Arcade]] opens in [[Cleveland, Ohio]].             
* [[May 31]] – The [[Ulm Minster|Ulm Minister]] opens in [[Ulm, Germany]] as the world's [[tallest church|tallest cathedral]].
* [[June 1]] – The [[United States Census Bureau]] begins using [[Herman Hollerith]]'s [[tabulating machine]] to tabulate [[census]] returns using [[punched card]] input, a landmark in the [[history of computing hardware]]. Hollerith's company eventually becomes [[IBM]]. The [[1890 United States census]] determines the US population to be 62,979,766, an increase of 25.5 percent relative to the 1880 census.
* [[June 16]] – Royal Dutch Petroleum, predecessor of [[Royal Dutch Shell]], the major worldwide [[energy]] production and sales company, is founded in the [[Netherlands]] to develop an oilfield in [[Pangkalan Brandan]], [[North Sumatra]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Merrillees|first=Scott|year=2015|title=Jakarta: Portraits of a Capital 1950–1980|location=Jakarta|publisher=Equinox Publishing|isbn=9786028397308|page=60|url={{GBurl|akLWjgEACAAJ}}}}</ref>
* [[June 20]] – ''[[The Picture of Dorian Gray]]'' (by [[Oscar Wilde]]) is published by Philadelphia-based ''[[Lippincott's Monthly Magazine]]'' (dated July).<ref>{{cite book|first=Norman|last=Page|title=An Oscar Wilde Chronology|publisher=Macmillan|year=1991|page=40}}</ref>
* [[June 27]] – Canadian-born boxer [[George Dixon (boxer)|George Dixon]] defeats the British [[bantamweight]] champion in London, giving him claim to be the first [[Black people|black]] world champion in any sport.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dixon, George (Little Chocolate)|url=http://www.biographi.ca/009004-119.01-e.php?&id_nbr=6679|work=[[Dictionary of Canadian Biography]] Online|year=2000|publisher=University of Toronto; Université Laval|access-date=2012-01-23}}</ref>
[[File:Vincent van Gogh - Self-Portrait - Google Art Project (454045).jpg|thumb|110px|[[July 29]]: [[Vincent van Gogh]].]]

=== July–September ===
* [[July 1]]
** [[Heligoland–Zanzibar Treaty]]: Britain cedes the [[Heligoland]] islands (in the [[German Bight]]) to Germany, in return for protectorates over [[Wituland]] and the [[Sultanate of Zanzibar]] (the islands of [[Pemba Island|Pemba]] and [[Unguja]]) in east Africa.<ref name=CBH>{{Cite book|last1=Palmer|first1=Alan|last2=Palmer |first2=Veronica|year=1992|title=The Chronology of British History|publisher=Century Ltd|location=London|pages=317–318|isbn=0-7126-5616-2}}</ref>
** [[1890 Japanese general election]]: In the first general election for the [[House of Representatives of Japan]], about 5% of the adult male population elect a lower house of the [[Diet of Japan]], in accordance with the new [[Meiji Constitution]] of [[1889]].
** The [[Ouija]] board is first released by [[Elijah Bond]].
* [[July 2]] – The [[Sherman Antitrust Act]] and [[Sherman Silver Purchase Act]] become United States law.
* [[July 3]] – [[Idaho]] is admitted as the 43rd [[U.S. state]].
* [[July 10]] – [[Wyoming]] is admitted as the 44th [[U.S. state]].
* [[July 13]] – In [[Minnesota]], storms result in the [[Sea Wing disaster|''Sea Wing'' disaster]] on [[Lake Pepin]], killing 98.
* [[July 26]] – In [[Buenos Aires]], the [[Revolution of the Park]] takes place, forcing President [[Miguel Ángel Juárez Celman|Juárez Celman]]'s resignation.
* [[July 27]] – [[Death of Vincent van Gogh]]: van Gogh shoots himself, dying two days later.
* [[August 6]] – At [[Auburn Correctional Facility|Auburn Prison]] in New York, [[William Kemmler]] becomes the first person to be [[Capital punishment|executed]] in the [[electric chair]].
* [[August 20]] – [[Treaty of London (1890)|Treaty of London]]: Portugal and the United Kingdom define the borders of the Portuguese colonies of [[Portuguese Mozambique|Mozambique]] and [[Portuguese Angola|Angola]].
* [[August 23]] – The [[BOVESPA]] stock exchange is founded in [[São Paulo]], Brazil.
* [[August]] – Kaiser [[Wilhelm II, German Emperor|Wilhelm II]] and Tsar [[Alexander III of Russia|Alexander III]] meet at [[Narva]].
* [[September 6]] – [[Dublin]] [[association football]] club [[Bohemian F.C.]] is founded in the Gate Lodge, [[Phoenix Park]].
* [[September 12]] – [[Salisbury, Rhodesia]], is founded.
* [[September 19]] – The [[University of North Texas]] is founded, as the Texas Normal College and Teacher Training Institute.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://125.unt.edu/history/history-unt|title=History of UNT {{!}} 125th Anniversary|website=125.unt.edu|language=en|access-date=2017-04-05}}</ref>
* [[September 25]] — President [[Wilford Woodruff]] of [[the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] issues the [[1890 Manifesto]] ending the official practice of polygamy.

=== October–December ===
*[[October 1]]  – The [[Yosemite National Park]] is established in [[California]].
*[[October 9]] – The first brief flight of [[Clément Ader]]'s steam-powered [[fixed-wing aircraft]] ''[[Ader Éole]]'' takes place in [[Satory]], France. It flies uncontrolled approximately {{convert|50|m|ft|abbr=on}} at a height of {{convert|20|cm|in|abbr=on}}, the first take-off of a powered airplane solely under its own power.<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia|first=Tom D|last=Crouch|title=Clément Ader|encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/5780/Clement-Ader|access-date=2011-03-03}}</ref>
* [[October 11]] – In [[Washington, D.C.]], the [[Daughters of the American Revolution]] is founded.
* [[October 12]] – The [[Uddevalla Suffrage Association]] is founded in Sweden, with a formal founding event on [[November 2]] a month later.
* [[October 13]] – The [[Delta Chi]] fraternity is founded by 11 law students at [[Cornell University]] in [[Ithaca, New York]].
* [[November 4]] – The first deep level London Underground (Tube) Railway, the [[City and South London Railway]], opens officially.
* [[November 21]] – [[Edward King (bishop of Lincoln)|Edward King]], [[Anglican]] [[bishop of Lincoln]], is convicted of using [[Ritualism in the Church of England|ritualistic practices]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Read And Others V. The Lord Bishop Of Lincoln: Court Of The Archbishop Of Canterbury, Lambeth Palace, Nov. 21|newspaper=[[The Times]]|location=London|date=1890-11-22|page=4|issue=33176}}</ref>
* [[November 23]] – King [[William III of the Netherlands]] dies without a male heir, and his daughter [[Wilhelmina of the Netherlands|Princess Wilhelmina]] becomes Queen, causing the end of the personal union of thrones with [[Luxembourg]] (which requires a male heir) so that [[Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg|Adolphe, Duke of Nassau]] becomes [[Grand Duke of Luxembourg]].
* [[November 29]]
** The [[Meiji Constitution]] goes into effect in Japan, and its first [[Diet of Japan|Diet]] convenes.
** At [[West Point, New York]], the United States Navy defeats the United States Army 24–0 in the first [[Army–Navy Game]] of [[college football]].
* [[November]] – [[Scotland Yard]], headquarters of the [[Metropolitan Police Service]], moves to a building on London's [[Victoria Embankment]], as [[New Scotland Yard]].
* [[December 10]] – The [[New York World Building]] is completed in [[New York City]], the tallest building in the [[United States]] for 10 years at a height of 110 meters. 
* [[December 15]] – [[Hunkpapa]] [[Lakota people|Lakota]] leader [[Sitting Bull]] is killed by police on [[Standing Rock Indian Reservation]].
* [[December 24]] – The Oklahoma territorial legislature establishes three institutions of higher learning [[University of Oklahoma]], [[Oklahoma State University]], and [[University of Central Oklahoma]].
* [[December 29]] – [[Wounded Knee Massacre]]: At [[Wounded Knee, South Dakota]], a [[Lakota people|Lakota]] camp, the U.S. [[7th Cavalry Regiment]] tries to disperse the non-violent "Ghost-Dance" which was promised to usher in a new era of power and freedom to Native Americans but is feared as a potential rallying tool for violent rebellion by some in the U.S. government. Shooting begins, and 153 [[Lakota people|Lakota Sioux]] and 25 troops are killed; about 150 flee the scene. This is the last tribe to be defeated and confined to a [[Indian reservation|reservation]] as well as the beginning of the decline of both the [[American Indian Wars]] and the [[American frontier]].

[[File:University of Denver campus pics 015.jpg|thumb|[[University of Denver]] University Hall, built in 1890]]

=== Date unknown ===
* The [[folding carton]] box is invented by [[Robert Gair]], a [[Brooklyn]] printer who developed production of paper-board boxes in [[1879]].
* The United States city of [[Boise, Idaho]], drills the first [[Geothermal energy|geothermal]] well.
* [[Brown trout]] are introduced into the upper [[Firehole River]], in [[Yellowstone National Park]].
* ''[[High School Cadets]]'' is written by [[John Philip Sousa]].
* [[Wilhelm II, German Emperor|William II of Prussia]] opposes Bismarck's attempt to renew the law outlawing the [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|Social Democratic Party]].
* [[Blackwall Buildings]], [[Whitechapel]], noted [[philanthropy|philanthropic]] housing, is built in the [[East End of London]].
* English archaeologist [[Flinders Petrie]] excavates at [[Tell el-Hesi]], [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]] (mistakenly identified as [[Tel Lachish]]), the first scientific excavation of an archaeological site in the [[Holy Land]], during which he discovers how [[tell (archaeology)|tells]] are formed.
* American [[Geostrategy|geostrategist]] [[Alfred Thayer Mahan]] publishes his influential book ''[[The Influence of Sea Power upon History]], 1660–1783''.
* [[Francis Galton]] announces a statistical demonstration of the uniqueness and classifiability of individual human [[fingerprint]]s.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=The Patterns in Thumb and Finger Marks – On Their Arrangement into Naturally Distinct Classes, the Permanence of the Papillary Ridges that Make Them, and the Resemblance of Their Classes to Ordinary Genera|pages=1–23|first=Francis|last=Galton|journal=[[Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B]]|volume=182|year=1891|jstor=91733|doi=10.1098/rstb.1891.0001|doi-access=free}}</ref>
* [[Japan]]ese [[tractor]] and [[Cast iron pipe|iron pipe]] [[brand]], [[Kubota]] founded in [[Osaka]], Japan.<ref>{{cite web|title=1890 › 1926|url=https://www.kubota.com/museum/history/1890_1926.html|work=Kubota Virtual Museum|accessdate=2023-03-16}}</ref>
* [[Emerson Electric]], an [[United States|American]] [[electronics industry]] giant, is founded in [[Missouri]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Emerson Company History|url=https://www.emerson.com/en-us/about-us/company-history|website=emerson.com|publisher=Emerson Electric|access-date=2021-03-04}}</ref>

== Births ==

=== January ===
[[File:TucholskyParis1928.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Kurt Tucholsky]]]]
[[File:Nestor guillen olmos.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Néstor Guillén]]]]
* [[January 1]] – [[Anton Melik]], Slovenian geographer (d. [[1966]])
* [[January 4]]
**[[Augustus Agar]], British [[Commodore (Royal Navy)|commodore]], [[Victoria Cross]] recipient (d. [[1968]])
**[[Victor Lustig]], Bohemian-born con artist (d. [[1947]])
* [[January 5]] – [[Sarah Aaronsohn]], member of the Jewish spy ring [[Nili]] (d. [[1917]])
* [[January 8]] – [[Taixu]], Chinese Buddhist activist (d. [[1947]])
* [[January 9]]
** [[Kurt Tucholsky]], German-born journalist and satirist (d. [[1935]])
** [[Karel Čapek]], Czech writer (d. [[1938]])
* [[January 11]] – [[Oswald de Andrade]], Brazilian [[Modernism|Modernist]] writer (d.[[1954]])
* [[January 13]] – [[Jüri Uluots]], 8th Prime Minister of Estonia (d. [[1945]])
* [[January 19]] – [[Élise Rivet]], French Roman Catholic nun and war heroine (d. [[1945]])
* [[January 20]] – [[Boris Kozo-Polyansky]], Russian botanist and evolutionary biologist (d. [[1957]])
* [[January 22]] – [[Fred M. Vinson]], [[Chief Justice of the United States]] (d. [[1953]])
* [[January 28]]
** [[Néstor Guillén]], Bolivian politician, 40th [[President of Bolivia]] (d. [[1966]])
** [[Robert Stroud]], ''Birdman of Alcatraz'' (d. [[1963]])

=== February ===
* [[February 10]] – [[Boris Pasternak]], Russian writer (''[[Doctor Zhivago (novel)|Doctor Zhivago]]''), [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (declined) (d. [[1960]])
* [[February 14]] – [[Nina Hamnett]], Welsh painter (d. [[1956]])
* [[February 15]] – [[Matome Ugaki]], Japanese admiral (d. [[1945]])
* [[February 16]] – [[Francesco de Pinedo]], Italian aviator (d. [[1933]])
* [[February 17]] – [[Ronald Fisher]], English statistician and geneticist (d. [[1962]])
* [[February 18]]
** [[Edward Arnold (actor)|Edward Arnold]], American actor (d. [[1956]])
** [[Adolphe Menjou]], American actor (d. [[1963]])
* [[February 24]] – [[Marjorie Main]], American actress (d. [[1975]])
* [[February 25]]
**Dame [[Myra Hess]], English pianist (d. [[1965]])
**[[Kiyohide Shima]], Japanese admiral (d. [[1973]])
* [[February 27]]
**[[Freddie Keppard]], American jazz musician (d. [[1933]])
**[[Art Smith (pilot)|Art Smith]], American pilot (d. [[1926]])
* Unknown date – [[Annie Krohn]], Indonesian actress

=== March ===
[[File:Vyacheslav Molotov Anefo2.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Vyacheslav Molotov]]]]
[[File:Elizabeth Prophet, sculptress and teacher - NARA - 559226 (head crop).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Nancy Elizabeth Prophet]]]]
[[File:Eugeniusz Baziak.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Eugeniusz Baziak]]]]
* [[March 1]] – [[Theresa Bernstein]], Polish-born American artist and writer (d. [[2002]])
* [[March 4]] – [[Norman Bethune]], Canadian doctor and humanitarian (d. [[1939]])
* [[March 8]] – [[Eugeniusz Baziak]], Polish [[Roman Catholic]] archbishop (d. [[1962]])
* [[March 9]] (new style) – [[Vyacheslav Molotov]], [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] politician (d. [[1986]])
* [[March 11]] – [[Vannevar Bush]], American engineer, inventor and politician (d. [[1960]])
* [[March 19]] – [[Nancy Elizabeth Prophet]], African-American artist known for her sculpture (d. [[1960]])
* [[March 20]]
** [[Beniamino Gigli]], Italian tenor (d. [[1957]])
** [[Lauritz Melchior]], Danish-American tenor (d. [[1973]])
* [[March 26]] – [[Aaron S. Merrill]], American admiral (d. [[1961]])
* [[March 28]] – [[Paul Whiteman]], American bandleader (d. [[1967]])
* [[March 31]] – [[Lawrence Bragg]], English physicist, [[Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1971]])

=== April ===
* [[April 6]] – [[Anthony Fokker]], Dutch aircraft manufacturer (d. [[1939]])
* [[April 7]] – [[Marjory Stoneman Douglas]], American conservationist and writer (d. [[1998]])
* [[April 13]]
**[[Frank Murphy]], American politician and [[Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States]] (d. [[1949]])
**[[Dadasaheb Torne]], Indian filmmaker (d. [[1960]])
* [[April 16]]
** [[Fred Root]], English cricketer (d. [[1954]])
** [[Vernon Sturdee]], Australian general (d. [[1966]])
* [[April 17]] – [[Victor Chapman]], French-American fighter pilot (d. [[1916]])
* [[April 18]] – [[Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia (1890–1958)|Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia]] (d.[[1958]])
* [[April 20]]
** [[Maurice Duplessis]], [[premier of Quebec]] (d. [[1959]])
** [[Adolf Schärf]], [[President of Austria]] (d. [[1965]])
* [[April 21]] – [[Michitaro Tozuka]], Japanese admiral (d. [[1966]])<ref>{{cite web| last = Nishida| first = Hiroshi| url = http://admiral31.world.coocan.jp/e/px38.htm#v018| title = Imperial Japanese Navy, Totsuka Michitarō| accessdate = 28 April 2025}}</ref>
* [[April 26]] – [[Edgar Kennedy]], American comedic actor (d. [[1948]])
* [[April 30]] – [[Géza Lakatos]], 36th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. [[1967]])

=== May ===
[[File:CleliaLollini1919.tif|thumb|100px|[[Clelia Lollini]]]]
[[File:Ho Chi Minh 1946.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Ho Chi Minh]]]]
*[[May 1]] – [[Clelia Lollini]], Italian physician (d. [[1963]])
* [[May 4]] – [[Franklin Carmichael]], Canadian landscape painter and graphic designer  (d. [[1945]])
* [[May 10]] – [[Alfred Jodl]], German general (d. [[1946]])
* [[May 15]] – [[Katherine Anne Porter]], American author (d. [[1980]])
* [[May 19]] – [[Ho Chi Minh]], Prime minister/President of [[North Vietnam]] (d. [[1969]])
* [[May 23]] – [[Herbert Marshall]], English actor (d. [[1966]])

=== June ===
[[File:Stan Laurel c1920.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Stan Laurel]]]]
* [[June 1]] – [[Frank Morgan]], American actor (d. [[1949]])
* [[June 6]]
**[[Ted Lewis (musician)|Ted Lewis]], American jazz musician and entertainer (d. [[1971]])
**[[Naomasa Sakonju]], Japanese admiral and war criminal (d. [[1948]])
* [[June 10]] – [[William A. Seiter]], American film director (d. [[1964]])
* [[June 11]] – [[Béla Miklós]], 38th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. [[1948]])
* [[June 16]] – [[Stan Laurel]], English-born actor (d. [[1965]])
* [[June 17]] – [[Hatazō Adachi]], Japanese general (d. [[1947]])
* [[June 21]] – [[Lewis H. Brereton]], American aviation pioneer and air force general (d. [[1967]])
* [[June 25]] – [[Charlotte Greenwood]], American actress (d. [[1977]])
* [[June 26]] – [[Jeanne Eagels]], American actress (d. [[1929]])
* [[June 29]]
** [[Hendrikje van Andel-Schipper]], Dutch supercentenarian (d. [[2005]])
** [[Pietro Montana]], Italian-American sculptor, painter and teacher (d. [[1978]])
* [[June 30]] – [[Paul Boffa]], 5th Prime Minister of Malta (d. [[1962]])

=== July ===
[[File:Frank Forde 1941 crop.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Frank Forde]]]]
[[File:Rose Kennedy 1967.JPG|thumb|100px|[[Rose Kennedy]]]]
* [[July 11]] – [[Arthur Tedder, 1st Baron Tedder]], British air force air marshal (d. [[1967]])
* [[July 18]] – [[Frank Forde]], 15th Prime Minister of Australia (d. [[1983]])
* [[July 19]] – [[George II of Greece]], King of Greece (d. [[1947]])
* [[July 20]] – [[Verna Felton]], American character actress (d. [[1966]])
* [[July 22]] – [[Rose Kennedy]], American [[philanthropy|philanthropist]] and matriarch of the [[Kennedy family]] (d. [[1995]])
* [[July 26]]
**[[Daniel J. Callaghan]], American admiral and Medal of Honor recipient (d. [[1942]])
**[[Seiichi Itō]], Japanese admiral (d. [[1945]])
* [[July 29]] – [[P. S. Subrahmanya Sastri]], Indian Sanskrit scholar (d. [[1978]])

=== August ===
[[File:H. P. Lovecraft, June 1934.jpg|thumb|100px|right|[[H. P. Lovecraft]]]]
* [[August 2]] – [[Marin Sais]], American film actress (d. [[1971]])
* [[August 3]] – [[Konstantin Melnikov]], Russian avant-garde architect (d. [[1974]])
* [[August 5]] – [[Erich Kleiber]], Austrian conductor (d. [[1956]])
* [[August 10]]
** [[Angus Lewis Macdonald]], [[Nova Scotia]] Premier (d. [[1954]])
** [[Bechara El Khoury]], 2-Time Prime Minister and 2-Time President of Lebanon (d. [[1964]])
* [[August 15]]
** [[Jacques Ibert]], French composer (d. [[1962]])
** [[Elizabeth Bolden]], American supercentenarian, last surviving person born in 1890 (d. [[2006]])
* [[August 18]] – [[Walther Funk]], German politician (d. [[1960]])
* [[August 20]] – [[H. P. Lovecraft]], American writer (d. [[1937]])
* [[August 22]]
**[[Hans-Joachim Buddecke]], German [[World War I]] fighter pilot and ace (d. [[1918]])
**[[Cecil Kellaway]], South African [[character actor]] (d. [[1973]])
* [[August 24]] – [[Duke Kahanamoku]], American swimmer (d. [[1968]])

=== September ===
[[File:Colonel Harland Sanders in character.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Colonel Sanders]]]]
[[File:Agatha Christie.png|thumb|100px|[[Agatha Christie]]]]
* [[September 8]] – [[Dorothy Price]], Irish physician (d. [[1954]])
* [[September 9]] – [[Colonel Sanders]], American founder of [[KFC]] (d. [[1980]])
* [[September 10]]
** [[Elsa Schiaparelli]], French couturiere (d. [[1973]])
** [[Mortimer Wheeler|Sir Mortimer Wheeler]], British archaeologist (d. [[1976]])
* [[September 15]]
** [[Agatha Christie]], English writer (d. [[1976]])<ref>{{Cite web |title=Agatha Christie {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Agatha-Christie/additional-info#More-Articles |website=www.britannica.com |access-date=18 February 2022 |language=en}}</ref>
** [[Frank Martin (composer)|Frank Martin]], Swiss composer (d. [[1974]])
* [[September 20]]
** [[Jelly Roll Morton]], American jazz pianist, composer and bandleader (d. [[1941]])
** [[Rachel Bluwstein]], Israeli poet (d. [[1931]])
* [[September 21]] – [[Max Immelmann]], German World War I fighter ace (d. [[1916]])
* [[September 23]]
** [[Kakuji Kakuta]], Japanese admiral (d. [[1944]])
** [[Friedrich Paulus]], German field marshal (d. [[1957]])
* [[September 24]] – [[A. P. Herbert]], English humorist, novelist, playwright and law reform activist (d. [[1971]])

=== October ===
[[File:Stanley Holloway.jpg|100px|thumb|right|[[Stanley Holloway]]]]
[[File:Groucho Marx - portrait.jpg|100px|thumb|right|[[Groucho Marx]]]]
[[File:Dwight D. Eisenhower, official photo portrait, May 29, 1959.jpg|100px|thumb|[[Dwight D. Eisenhower]]]]
[[File:Fritz Lang (1969).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Fritz Lang]]]]
[[File:HJ Muller 1952.jpg|100px|thumb|[[Hermann Joseph Muller]]]]
* [[October 1]]
** [[Stanley Holloway]], English actor (d. [[1982]])
** [[Alice Joyce]], American silent film actress (d. [[1955]])
** [[Blanche Oelrichs]], American poet, second wife of [[John Barrymore]] (d. [[1950]])
* [[October 2]] – [[Groucho Marx]], American comedian (d. [[1977]])
* [[October 3]] – [[Emilio Portes Gil]], Mexican teacher, journalist, lawyer and substitute [[President of Mexico]], 1928–1930 (d. [[1978]])<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=Busca Biografias |url=https://www.buscabiografias.com/biografia/verDetalle/10029/Emilio%20Portes%20Gil|title=Emilio Portes Gil|language=es|access-date=May 31, 2019}}</ref>
* [[October 8]]
**[[Henrich Focke]], German aviation pioneer (d. [[1979]])
**[[Eddie Rickenbacker]], American race car driver and World War I fighter pilot (d. [[1973]])
* [[October 9]] – [[Aimee Semple McPherson]], Canadian-American Pentecostal Evangelist (d. [[1944]])
* [[October 13]] – [[Conrad Richter]], American novelist and short story writer (d. [[1968]])
* [[October 14]] – [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]], US general and 34th [[President of the United States]] (d. [[1969]])
* [[October 16]]
** [[Michael Collins (Irish leader)|Michael Collins]], Irish patriot (d. [[1922]])
** [[Paul Strand]], American photographer (d. [[1976]])
* [[October 17]] – [[Roy Kilner]], English cricketer (d. [[1928]])
* [[October 20]] – [[Sherman Minton]], American politician and [[Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States]] (d. [[1965]])
* [[October 23]] – [[Abdul Hamid Karami]], 16th Prime Minister of Lebanon (d. [[1950]])
* [[October 25]] – [[Floyd Bennett]], American aviator and explorer (d. [[1928]])
* [[October 29]] – [[Hans-Valentin Hube]], German army general (d. [[1944]])

=== November ===

[[File:Elpidio R Quirino.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Elpidio Quirino]]]]
[[File:De Gaulle-OWI (cropped)-(c).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Charles De Gaulle]]]]
[[File:El lissitzky self portrait 1924.jpg|thumb|100px|[[El Lissitzky]]]]
* [[November 4]] – [[Saadi Al Munla]], 17th Prime Minister of Lebanon (d. [[1975]])
* [[November 7]]
**[[Tomitarō Horii]], Japanese general (d. [[1942]])
**[[Jan Matulka]], American painter (d. [[1972]])
* [[November 9]] – [[Grigory Kulik]], Soviet military officer, [[Marshal of the Soviet Union]] (d. [[1950]])
* [[November 16]] 
**[[George Seldes]], American investigative journalist (d. [[1995]])
** [[Elpidio Quirino]], 6th [[President of the Philippines]] (d. [[1956]])
* [[November 22]] – [[Charles de Gaulle]], [[President of France]] (d. [[1970]])
* [[November 23]] – [[El Lissitzky]], Russian artist and architect (d. [[1941]])

=== December ===
* [[December 5]]
** [[David Bomberg]], English painter (d. [[1957]])
** [[Fritz Lang]], Austrian-born film director, screenwriter and actor (d. [[1976]])
* [[December 6]] – [[Dion Fortune]], British occultist (d. [[1946]])
* [[December 8]] – [[Bohuslav Martinů]], Czech composer (d. [[1959]])
* [[December 10]]
** [[László Bárdossy]], 33rd Prime Minister of Hungary (d. [[1946]])
** [[Henry Louis Larsen]], American Marine Corps General; [[Governor of American Samoa]] and [[Governor of Guam]] (d. [[1962]])
* [[December 11]] – [[Carlos Gardel]], [[Argentine tango]] singer (d. [[1935]])
* [[December 17]] – [[Prince Joachim of Prussia]] (suicide [[1920]])
* [[December 20]] – [[Jaroslav Heyrovský]], Czech chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1967]])
* [[December 21]] – [[Hermann Joseph Muller]], American geneticist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1967]])
* [[December 25]] – [[Robert Ripley]], American collector of odd facts (d. [[1949]])
* [[December 26]] – [[Konstantinos Georgakopoulos]], Greek lawyer and professor, 152nd [[Prime Minister of Greece]] (d. [[1973]])
* [[December 30]] – [[Lanoe Hawker]], British fighter pilot (d. [[1916]])

=== Date unknown ===
* [[Sava Caracaș]], Romanian general (d. [[1945]])
* [[Hatı Çırpan]], Turkish politician (d. [[1956]])
* [[Frederic Johnson]], English civil servant (d. [[1972]])
* [[Arthur Herbert Thompson]], English soldier and football player (d. [[1916]])

== Deaths ==

=== January–March ===
[[File:Amadeo I de España, de Vicente Palmaroli (Museo del Prado).jpg|thumb|right|110px|King [[Amadeus I of Spain]]]]
[[File:Gyula Graf Andrássy - ungarischer Magnat.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Gyula Andrássy]]]]
[[File:Joseph Merrick carte de visite photo, c. 1889.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Joseph Merrick]]]]
* [[January 2]] – [[Julián Gayarre]], Spanish opera singer (b. [[1844]])
* [[January 7]] – [[Augusta of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach]], Empress Consort of [[William I, German Emperor]] (b. [[1811]])
* [[January 18]] – King [[Amadeo I of Spain]] (b. [[1845]])
* [[February 18]] – [[Gyula Andrássy]], Hungarian statesman, 4th [[Prime Minister of Hungary]] (b. [[1823]])
* [[February 22]]
** [[John Jacob Astor III]], American businessman (b. [[1822]])
** [[Carl Heinrich Bloch]], Danish painter (b. [[1834]])
* [[January 23]] – [[Emily Jane Pfeiffer]], Welsh poet and philanthropist (b. [[1827]])
* [[March 3]] – [[Innocenzo da Berzo]], Italian [[Order of Friars Minor Capuchin|Capuchin]] friar and blessed (b. [[1844]])
* [[March 7]] – [[Karl Rudolf Friedenthal]], Prussian statesman (b. [[1827]])
* [[March 9]] – Sir [[Mangaldas Nathubhoy]], Indian politician (b. [[1832]])
* [[March 16]] – [[Princess Zorka of Montenegro]] (b. [[1864]])
* [[March 23]] – [[Mary Jane Katzmann]], Canadian historian (b. [[1828]])
* [[March 27]] – [[Carl Jacob Löwig]], German chemist (b. [[1803]])

=== April–June ===
* [[April 1]]
** [[David Wilber]], American politician (b. [[1820]])
** [[Alexander Mozhaysky]], Russian aeronautical pioneer (b. [[1825]])
*[[April 4]] – [[Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau]], Canadian politician, 1st [[Premier of Quebec]] (b. [[1820]])<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/chauveau_pierre_joseph_olivier_11E.html | title=Biography – CHAUVEAU, PIERRE-JOSEPH-OLIVIER – Volume XI (1881-1890) – Dictionary of Canadian Biography }}</ref>
* [[April 11]]
** [[David de Jahacob Lopez Cardozo]], Dutch Talmudist (b. [[1808]])
** [[Joseph Merrick]] (The Elephant Man), British oddity (b. [[1862]])
* [[April 18]] – [[Paweł Bryliński]], Polish sculptor (b. [[1814]])<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brylinski Pawel |url=https://www.astro.com/astro-databank/Brylinski,_Pawel |website=Astro-Databank |date=June 27, 2016 |access-date=13 November 2021}}</ref>
* [[April 19]] – [[James Pollock (American politician)|James Pollock]], American politician, [[Governor of Pennsylvania]] (b. [[1810]])
* [[May 22]] – [[Eduard von Fransecky]], Prussian general (b. [[1807]])
* [[June 1]] – [[Camilo Castelo Branco]], Portuguese writer (b. [[1825]])
* [[June 24]] – [[Tallapragada Subba Row|Subba Row]], Hindu theosophist (b. [[1856]])
* [[June 30]] – [[Samuel Parkman Tuckerman]], American composer (b. [[1819]])

=== July–September ===

[[File:Vincent van Gogh - Self-Portrait - Google Art Project (454045).jpg|thumb|110px|[[Vincent van Gogh]]]]
[[File:Carlo Collodi.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Carlo Collodi]]]]
[[File:John Boyle O'Reilly cph.3a38519.jpg|thumb|162x162px|[[John Boyle O'Reilly]]]]
[[File:Richard Francis Burton by Rischgitz, 1864.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Richard Francis Burton]]]]
[[File:Willem III (1817-90), koning der Nederlanden, Nicolaas Pieneman, 1856 - Rijksmuseum.jpg|thumb|110px|[[William III of the Netherlands]]]]
[[File:Heinrich Schliemann.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Heinrich Schliemann]]]]

* [[July 7]] – [[Henri Nestlé]], Swiss confectioner and the founder of Nestlé (b. [[1814]])
* [[July 9]] – [[Clinton B. Fisk]], American [[philanthropy|philanthropist]] and [[Temperance movement in the United States|temperance]] activist (b. [[1828]])
* [[July 13]]
** [[John C. Frémont]], American explorer and military officer (b. [[1813]])
** [[Johann Voldemar Jannsen]], Estonian journalist and poet (b. [[1819]])
* [[July 15]] – [[Gottfried Keller]], Swiss writer (b. [[1819]])
* [[July 25]] – [[House of Khalifa|Shaikh Mohamed bin Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa]], Ruler of Bahrain (b. [[1813]])
* [[July 29]] – [[Vincent van Gogh]], Dutch painter (b. [[1853]])
* [[August 6]] – [[William Kemmler]], American murderer, first person executed in the [[electric chair]] (b. [[1860]])
* [[August 10]] – [[John Boyle O'Reilly]], Irish-born poet, journalist and fiction writer (b. [[1844]])
* [[August 11]] – [[John Henry Newman]], English Roman Catholic Cardinal (b. [[1801]])
* [[August 18]] – [[August von Bulmerincq]], [[Baltic Germans|Baltic German]] legal scholar (b. [[1822]])
* [[August 27]] – [[Juan Seguín]], American soldier and politician (b. [[1806]])

=== October–December ===
* [[October 4]] – [[Catherine Booth]], Mother of [[The Salvation Army]] (b. [[1829]])
* [[October 17]] – [[Julian Gutowski]], Polish politician (b. [[1823]])
* [[October 20]] – [[Richard Francis Burton]], English explorer, linguist, soldier (b. [[1821]])
* [[October 26]] – [[Carlo Collodi]], Italian writer (''[[The Adventures of Pinocchio]]'') (b. [[1826]])
* [[November 3]] – [[Ulrich Ochsenbein]], [[List of members of the Swiss Federal Council|member of the Swiss Federal Council]] (b. [[1811]])
* [[November 4]] – [[Félix du Temple de la Croix]], French Army Captain & aviation pioneer (b. [[1823]])
* [[November 7]] – [[Comanche (horse)|Comanche]], American horse, survivor of [[George Armstrong Custer|Custer]]'s cavalry at the [[Battle of the Little Bighorn]]
* [[November 8]] – [[César Franck]], Belgian composer and organist (b. [[1822]])
* [[November 11]] – [[Marie-Charles David de Mayréna]], French adventurer and self-styled ''King of Sedang'' (b. [[1842]])
* [[December 21]] – [[Sherman Conant]], American soldier and politician (b. [[1839]])
* [[November 23]] – King [[William III of the Netherlands]] (b. [[1817]])
* [[November 24]] – [[August Belmont]], Sr., Prussian-born financier (b. [[1816]])
* [[December 15]] – [[Sitting Bull]], Native American chief (b. c. [[1831]])
* [[December 21]] – [[Johanne Luise Heiberg]], Danish actress (b. [[1812]])
* [[December 23]] – [[Alphonse Lecointe]], French general and politician (b. [[1817]])
* [[December 26]] – [[Heinrich Schliemann]], German archaeologist (b. [[1822]])
* [[December 31]] – [[Pancha Carrasco]], Costa Rican war heroine (b. [[1826]])

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Further reading and year books ==
* ''1890 Annual Cyclopedia'' [https://archive.org/details/appletonsannual56unkngoog online]; highly detailed coverage of "Political, Military, and Ecclesiastical Affairs; Public Documents; Biography, Statistics, Commerce, Finance, Literature, Science, Agriculture, and Mechanical Industry" (1891); compilation of facts and primary documents; worldwide coverage.

{{DEFAULTSORT:1890}}
[[Category:1890| ]]