Editing 1903

{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}}
{{Events by month|1903}}
{{Year dab|1903|the rifle|M1903 Springfield}}
{{Year nav|1903}}
{{C20 year in topic}}
{{Year article header|1903}}
{{TOC limit|2}}

==Events==
===January===
{{Main|January 1903}}
[[File:Edward vii england.jpg|thumb|120px|right| [[January 1]]: [[Edward VII]] becomes [[Emperor of India]].]]
* [[January 1]] &ndash; [[Edward VII]] is proclaimed [[Emperor of India]].
* [[January 10]] &ndash; The [[Aceh Sultanate]] was fully annexed by the [[Dutch East Indies|Dutch]] forces, deposing the last sultan, marking the end of the [[Aceh War]] that have lasted for almost 30 years.
* [[January 19]] &ndash; The first west–east transatlantic radio broadcast is made from the United States to England (the first east–west broadcast having been made in [[1901#December|1901]]).

===February===
{{Main|February 1903}}
* [[February 13]] &ndash; [[Venezuelan crisis of 1902–03|Venezuelan crisis]]: After agreeing to arbitration in Washington, the United Kingdom, Germany and Italy reach a settlement with Venezuela resulting in the Washington Protocols. The naval blockade that began in [[1902]] ends. 
* [[February 23]] &ndash; [[Cuba]] leases [[Guantánamo Bay]] to the United States "in perpetuity".

===March===
{{Main|March 1903}}
* [[March 2]] &ndash; In [[New York City]], the [[Martha Washington Hotel]], the first hotel exclusively for women, opens.
* [[March 3]] &ndash; The British Admiralty announces plans to build the [[Rosyth Dockyard]] as a naval base at [[Rosyth]] in Scotland.
* [[March 5]] &ndash; The [[Ottoman Empire]] and the [[German Empire]] sign an agreement to build the [[Baghdad Railway|Constantinople–Baghdad Railway]].
* [[March 12]] &ndash; The [[University of Puerto Rico]] is founded.
* [[March 13]] &ndash; Having abolished the [[Sokoto Caliphate]] in West Africa, the new British administration accepts the concession of its last [[vizier]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Falola|first=Toyin|title=Colonialism and Violence in Nigeria|year=2009|publisher=Indiana University Press|location=Bloomington}}</ref>
* [[March 14]] &ndash; The [[Hay–Herrán Treaty]], granting the United States the right to build the [[Panama Canal]], is ratified by the [[United States Senate]]. The Colombian senate later rejects the treaty.

===April===
{{Main|April 1903}}
[[File:Frank Slide 4-30-1903.jpg|thumb|right|April 29: The [[Frank Slide]] occurs]]
*[[April 19]]&ndash;[[April 21|21]] ([[April 6]]&ndash;[[April 8|8]] [[Adoption of the Gregorian calendar|O.S.]]) &ndash; The first [[Chișinău pogrom (1903)|Kishinev pogrom]], beginning on Easter Day, takes place in [[Chișinău|Kishinev]], capital of the [[Bessarabia Governorate]] of the [[Russian Empire]]. At least 47 Jews are killed during mob rioting encouraged by [[blood libel]] articles in the press and led by priests.<ref>{{Cite Jewish Encyclopedia |title=Kishinef (Kishinev) |url=http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/9350-kishinef-kishinev |first1=Herman|last1=Rosenthal |first2=Max|last2=Rosenthal|}}</ref> 
* [[April 26]] &ndash; [[Atlético Madrid]] is founded as a professional association football club in [[Spain]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.atleticofans.com/club-history/|title=Atletico Madrid Club History|newspaper=AtleticoFans|language=en-US|access-date=2017-01-16|archive-date=February 15, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215181521/http://www.atleticofans.com/club-history/|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[April 29]]
**The 30-million-m<sup>3</sup> [[Frank Slide]] rockslide kills 70–90 in [[Frank, Alberta]].
**The 7.0 {{M|s}} [[1903 Manzikert earthquake|Manzikert earthquake]] affects eastern Turkey, leaving 3,500 dead.

===May===
{{Main|May 1903}}
* [[May 4]] &ndash; [[Macedonian Bulgarians|Macedonian Bulgarian]] revolutionary [[Gotse Delchev]] is killed in a skirmish with the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] army.
* [[May 18]] &ndash; The port of [[Burgas]], [[Principality of Bulgaria|Bulgaria]] opens.
* [[May 24]] &ndash; The [[Paris–Madrid race]] for automobiles begins, during which at least eight people are killed; the French government stops the event at [[Bordeaux]] and [[Vehicle impoundment|impound]]s all of the competitors' cars.<ref>[http://www.grandprixhistory.org/story.htm Grand Prix History online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200415123756/http://www.grandprixhistory.org/story.htm |date=April 15, 2020 }} (retrieved 11 June 2017) <!--only refers to seizure, not number of deaths--></ref>
* [[May 26]] &ndash; ''[[Românul de la Pind]]'', the longest-running newspaper by and about [[Aromanians]] until [[World War II]], is founded.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-iiTDwAAQBAJ|title=Istoria jurnalismului din România în date: enciclopedie cronologică|first=Marian|last=Petcu|publisher=Elefant Online|year=2016|language=ro|isbn=9789734638543}}</ref>

===June===
{{Main|June 1903}}
[[File:AleksandarObrenovic.jpg|thumb|120px|right|[[June 11]]: [[Alexander I of Serbia|Alexander I]]]]
* [[June 11]] ([[May 29]] [[old style and new style dates|O.S.]]) &ndash; King [[Alexander I of Serbia|Alexander Obrenović]] and [[Draga Mašin|Queen Draga]] of Serbia are [[May Coup (Serbia)|assassinated]] in Belgrade by the [[Black Hand (Serbia)|Black Hand (Crna Ruka)]] organization.
* [[June 14]] &ndash; The town of [[Heppner, Oregon]] is nearly destroyed by a cloud burst that results in [[Heppner Flood of 1903|a flash flood]] that kills about 238 people.
* [[June 16]] &ndash; The [[Ford Motor Company]] is founded.<ref>Steven Watts, ''The People's Tycoon: Henry Ford and the American Century'' (2006) p. 131</ref> 
* [[June 27]] &ndash; American socialite [[Aida de Acosta]], 19, becomes the first woman to fly a powered aircraft solo when she pilots [[Alberto Santos-Dumont|Santos-Dumont]]'s motorized [[dirigible]], "No. 9", from Paris to [[Château de Bagatelle]] in France.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ohim/wmntrans2.pdf|title=Women in Transportation – Changing America's History: Reference Materials|publisher=[[United States Department of Transportation]]|page=10|access-date=2012-08-21|date=March 1998|archive-date=September 4, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120904021147/http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ohim/wmntrans2.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

===July===
{{Main|July 1903}}
[[File:1903 ford model a.jpg|thumb|100px| [[July 23]]: 1903 Ford Model A.]]
* [[July 1]]–[[July 19|19]] &ndash; The [[1903 Tour de France|first Tour de France]] is held; [[Maurice Garin]] wins it.
* [[July 7]] &ndash; [[British Empire|Britain]] take over the [[Fulani Empire]].
* [[July 29]] &ndash; [[United States Cartridge Company explosion]]: The explosion of two explosives storage magazines destroys 70 homes, killing 22 residents of [[Tewksbury, Massachusetts]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://lowelllandtrust.org/greenwayclassroom/history/USCartridgeCompany.pdf|title=U.S. Cartridge Company|publisher=Lowell Land Trust|access-date=2013-02-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130426182220/http://lowelllandtrust.org/greenwayclassroom/history/USCartridgeCompany.pdf|archive-date=April 26, 2013|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref>
* [[July 30]]–[[August 23]] ([[July 17]]–[[August 10]], [[Old Style|O.S.]]) &ndash; The [[2nd Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party|Second Congress]] of the All-[[Russian Social Democratic Labour Party]] is held in [[exile]] in [[Brussels]], transferring to London.

===August===
{{Main|August 1903}}
* [[August 2]] &ndash; The [[Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising]], organized by the [[Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization|Secret Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization]], breaks out in the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] provinces of [[Macedonia (region)|Macedonia]] and [[Adrianople Vilayet|Adrianople]]. 
* [[August 3]] &ndash; The [[Kruševo Republic]] is proclaimed in Ottoman Macedonia; it is crushed 10 days later.
* [[August 4]] &ndash; [[Pope Pius X]] succeeds [[Pope Leo XIII]] as the 257th [[pope]].
* [[August 10]] &ndash; The [[Paris Métro train fire]] at [[Couronnes (Paris Métro)|Couronnes]] results in 84 deaths.

===September===
{{Main|September 1903}}
* [[September]] &ndash; [[Texas State University]] in [[San Marcos, Texas]] opens as Southwest Texas Normal School.
* [[September 11]] &ndash; The first [[stock car racing|stock-car event]] is held at the [[Milwaukee Mile]].
* [[September 14]] &ndash; [[Joseph Chamberlain]] resigns as British [[Secretary of State for the Colonies|Colonial Secretary]] in order to campaign publicly for [[Imperial Preference]].
* [[September 15]] &ndash; [[Grêmio Foot-Ball Porto Alegrense]] is founded in [[Porto Alegre]], [[First Brazilian Republic|Brazil]].
* [[September 24]] &ndash; [[Edmund Barton]] steps down as [[Prime Minister of Australia]] and is succeeded by [[Alfred Deakin]].
* [[September 27]] &ndash; The [[Wreck of the Old 97]] [[Fast Mail (Southern Railway train)|Fast Mail]] train at Stillhouse Trestle, near [[Danville, Virginia]], kills 11 people and inspires a ballad.<ref name="AlfredPScott">{{cite web | url = http://www.rosegill.com/Old97/Old97.pdf | title = Wreck of the Old 97: The Origins of a Modern Traditional Ballad | last = Scott | first = Alfred P. | year = 1965 | access-date = 2011-11-25 | archive-date = November 6, 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131106030340/http://www.rosegill.com/Old97/Old97.pdf | url-status = live }}</ref>
* [[September 29]] &ndash; [[Prussia]] becomes the second jurisdiction to require mandatory [[driver's license]]s for operators of motor vehicles, after New York State in 1901.

===October===
{{Main|October 1903}}
* [[October 1]]&ndash;[[October 13|13]] &ndash; First modern [[World Series]]: The [[Boston Americans]] defeat the [[Pittsburgh Pirates]] in eight games.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.baseball-almanac.com/ws/wsmenu.shtml |title=MLB World Series - A History of the World Series |publisher=[[Baseball Almanac, Inc.]] |access-date=1 October 2021 |archive-date=October 19, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019155215/https://www.baseball-almanac.com/ws/wsmenu.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[October 6]] &ndash; The [[High Court of Australia]] sits for the first time.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/ahdb/search.pl?mode=place_detail;place_id=105557 |title=High Court of Australia, King Edward Tce, Parkes, ACT, Australia |work=[[Australian Heritage Database]] |publisher=[[Australian Government]], [[Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment]] |access-date=1 October 2021 |archive-date=September 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210924045004/http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/ahdb/search.pl?mode=place_detail;place_id=105557 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[October 10]] &ndash; The [[Women's Social and Political Union]] is founded in the U.K.<ref>{{cite ODNB |last=Holton |first=Sandra Stanley |title=Women's Social and Political Union (act. 1903–1914) |url=https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/95579 |date=1 September 2017 |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/95579 |access-date=1 October 2021}}</ref>

===November===
{{Main|November 1903}}
* [[November 2]] &ndash; [[Maggie L. Walker]] becomes the first African American woman to charter a bank.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/mawa/the-st-luke-penny-savings-bank.htm |title=The St. Luke Penny Savings Bank |website=[[Maggie L. Walker National Historic Site|Maggie L. Walker National Historic Site Virginia]] |date=4 January 2017 |publisher=[[National Park Service]], [[U.S. Department of the Interior]] |access-date=16 November 2021 |archive-date=November 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116101929/https://www.nps.gov/mawa/the-st-luke-penny-savings-bank.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[November 3]] &ndash; [[Separation of Panama from Colombia]]: With the encouragement of the United States, [[Panama]] proclaims itself independent of [[Colombia]].<ref name="Secession">{{cite news |title=SECESSION OF PANAMA. |journal=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]] |date=8 January 1909 |at=Page 7, column 2 |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/15027494 |access-date=16 November 2021 |via=[[Trove]] |archive-date=November 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116110638/https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/15027494 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[November 6]] &ndash; The English-language ''[[South China Morning Post]]'' newspaper is first published in [[Hong Kong]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://multimedia.scmp.com/infographics/news/hong-kong/article/3154851/scmp-118th-anniversary/index.html |last=Arranz |first=Adolfo |title=South China Morning Post: a Hong Kong story |journal=[[South China Morning Post]] |date=6 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |archive-date=November 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124174051/https://multimedia.scmp.com/infographics/news/hong-kong/article/3154851/scmp-118th-anniversary/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[November 13]] &ndash; The United States recognizes the [[Separation of Panama from Colombia|independence of Panama]].<ref name="Panama">{{cite web |url=http://countrystudies.us/panama/8.htm |author=[[U.S. Library of Congress]] |title=Panama - The 1903 Treaty and Qualified Independence |access-date=16 November 2021 |via=countrystudies.us |archive-date=October 11, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111011225556/http://countrystudies.us/panama/8.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[November 17]] &ndash; The [[Russian Social Democratic Labour Party]] splits into two groups: the [[Bolsheviks]] (Russian for "majority") and [[Mensheviks]] (Russian for "minority").<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ntiuCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA108 |last=Service |first=Robert |author-link=Robert Service (historian) |title=Lenin: A Political Life |volume=1: The Strengths of Contradiction |location=Houndmills, [[Basingstoke]], [[Hampshire]] and London |publisher=[[Macmillan Press]] |year=1985 |page=108 |isbn=978-1-349-05591-3 |access-date=17 November 2021 |via=[[Google Books]]}} This source mentions a meeting of the Party Council on November 17, 1903, but does not clarify that this was the occasion of the permanent split.</ref>
* [[November 18]] &ndash; The [[Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty]] is signed by the United States and [[Panama]], giving the U.S. exclusive rights over the [[Panama Canal Zone]].<ref name="Secession"/>
* [[November 23]] &ndash; [[Colorado]] governor [[James Hamilton Peabody]] sends the state militia into the town of [[Cripple Creek, Colorado|Cripple Creek]] to break up a miners' strike.<ref>{{cite web |author=History.com Staff |website=[[History.com]] |year=2009 |title=Colorado governor sends militia to Cripple Creek |url=https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/colorado-governor-sends-militia-to-cripple-creek |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310050619/https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/colorado-governor-sends-militia-to-cripple-creek |archive-date=10 March 2018 |access-date=16 November 2021 |publisher=[[A+E Networks]]}}</ref>
* [[November 28]] &ndash; {{SS|Petriana}} is wrecked on a reef outside [[Melbourne]], Australia, causing one of the world's first major [[List of oil spills|oil spill]]s.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amsa.gov.au/marine-environment/incidents-and-exercises/petriana-28-november-1903 |title=Petriana, 28 November 1903 |website=[[Australian Maritime Safety Authority]] |department=Historical pollution and casualty incidents |date=9 November 2020 |publisher=[[Australian Government]] |access-date=17 November 2021 |archive-date=November 30, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130205409/https://www.amsa.gov.au/marine-environment/incidents-and-exercises/petriana-28-november-1903 |url-status=live }}</ref>

===December===
{{Main|December 1903}}
[[File:First flight2.jpg|thumb|200px| [[December 17]]: The ''[[Wright Flyer]]'' in the air, the first airplane flight, by [[Orville Wright]].]]
* [[December 16]] &ndash; [[The Taj Mahal Palace Hotel]] in [[Bombay]] (now [[Mumbai]]), [[India]] opens.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.vogue.in/content/10-things-know-about-taj-mahal-palace-hotel |last=Lopez |first=Rachel |title=10 things to know about the Taj Mahal Palace Hotel |date=5 January 2012 |magazine=[[Vogue India]] |publisher=[[Condé Nast]] |access-date=24 November 2021 |archive-date=November 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124145109/https://www.vogue.in/content/10-things-know-about-taj-mahal-palace-hotel |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[December 17]] &ndash; [[Orville Wright]] flies an [[aircraft]] with a [[petrol engine]], the ''[[Wright Flyer]]'', at [[Kitty Hawk, North Carolina]] in the first documented and successful powered and controlled heavier-than-air flight.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.centennialofflight.net/essay/Wright_Bros/First_Powered_Flight/WR6.htm |title=The First Powered Flight – 1903 |website=[[U.S. Centennial of Flight Commission]] |access-date=22 November 2021 |archive-date=November 23, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211123045006/https://www.centennialofflight.net/essay/Wright_Bros/First_Powered_Flight/WR6.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[December 30]] &ndash; The [[Iroquois Theatre fire]] in Chicago kills 600.<ref>{{cite book |last=Brandt |first=Nat |title=Chicago Death Drap: The Iroquois Theatre Fire of 1903 |year=2006 |publisher=[[Southern Illinois University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8093-2721-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_OYZDgAAQBAJ |access-date=24 November 2021 |via=Google Books |archive-date=April 25, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230425051407/https://books.google.com/books?id=_OYZDgAAQBAJ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[December 31]] &ndash; The [[National Association for Women's Suffrage (Sweden)]] is founded.

===Date unknown===
* The first box of [[Crayola]] [[crayon]]s is made and sold for five cents. It contains eight colors; brown, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet and black.
* [[United States|American]] [[motorcycle]] brand [[Harley-Davidson]] is founded in [[Wisconsin]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=About Harley-Davidson {{!}} Harley-Davidson United Kingdom|url=https://www.harley-davidson.com/gb/en/about-us/company.html|access-date=2021-05-28|website=Harley-Davidson|language=en-GB|archive-date=May 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515123707/https://www.harley-davidson.com/gb/en/about-us/company.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Compression Rheostat, the predecessor of [[Automation|industrial automation]] and industrial equipment parts brand [[Rockwell Automation]], is founded in Wisconsin.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Our History|url=https://www.rockwellautomation.com/en-gb/company/about-us/our-history.html|access-date=2021-05-28|website=Rockwell Automation|language=en-GB|archive-date=May 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515144909/https://www.rockwellautomation.com/en-gb/company/about-us/our-history.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Births==

===January===
[[File:Alan Paton.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Alan Paton]]]]
* [[January 1]] – [[Jasimuddin]], Bangladeshi poet, lyricist, composer and writer (d. [[1976]])
* [[January 2]] &ndash; [[Kane Tanaka]], Japanese supercentenarian, oldest Japanese person ever, last surviving person born in 1903 (d. [[2022]])
* [[January 4]] &ndash; [[Georg Elser]], German carpenter and attempted assassin of Adolf Hitler (d. [[1945]])<ref>{{Cite web |title=Georg Elser |url=https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/georg-elser/ |access-date=4 January 2025 |website=www.gdw-berlin.de}}</ref>
* [[January 6]] &ndash; [[Maurice Abravanel]], Greek-born American conductor (d. [[1993]])
* [[January 10]] &ndash; [[Barbara Hepworth]], English sculptor (d. [[1975]])
* [[January 11]] &ndash; [[Alan Paton]], South African author, anti-apartheid activist (d. [[1988]])
* [[January 12]] &ndash; [[Igor Kurchatov]], Russian physicist (d. [[1960]])
* [[January 16]]
**[[Peter Brocco]], American actor (d. [[1992]])
**[[William Grover-Williams]], Anglo/French race car driver, war hero (d. [[1945]])
* [[January 22]] – [[Fritz Houtermans]], Polish physicist (d. [[1966]])
* [[January 23]] – [[Jorge Eliécer Gaitán]], Colombian politician (d. [[1948]])
* [[January 27]] – [[John Eccles (neurophysiologist)|John Eccles]], Australian neuropsychologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1997]])

===February===
<!--[[File:Claudio Arrau 1 Allan Warren.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Claudio Arrau]]]]-->
[[File:Tunku abd rahman.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Tunku Abdul Rahman]]]]
[[File:Giulio Natta 1960s.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Giulio Natta]]]]
* [[February 3]] &ndash; [[Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, 14th Duke of Hamilton]], Scottish nobleman, aviation pioneer (d. [[1973]])
* [[February 4]] &ndash; [[Alexander Imich]], Polish-born American parapsychologist, chemist (d. [[2014]])
* [[February 6]] &ndash; [[Claudio Arrau]], Chilean-born pianist (d. [[1991]])
* [[February 8]] &ndash; [[Tunku Abdul Rahman]], first Prime Minister of Malaysia (d. [[1990]])
* [[February 10]] 
** [[Waldemar Hoven]], German physician (d. [[1948]])
** [[Matthias Sindelar]], Austrian footballer (d. [[1939]])
* [[February 12]] &ndash; [[Jorge Basadre]], Peruvian historian (d. [[1980]])
* [[February 13]] &ndash; [[Georges Simenon]], Belgian writer (d. [[1989]])
* [[February 14]] &ndash; [[Stuart Erwin]], American actor (d. [[1967]])
* [[February 16]] &ndash; [[Edgar Bergen]], American ventriloquist (d. [[1978]])
* [[February 17]] &ndash; [[Joaquín Rodríguez Ortega]], Spanish bullfighter (d. [[1984]])
* [[February 21]]
** [[Anaïs Nin]], French-born American writer (d. [[1977]])
** [[Raymond Queneau]], French poet, novelist (d. [[1976]])
* [[February 22]]
** [[Morley Callaghan]], Canadian writer, media personality (d. [[1990]])
** [[Frank Ramsey (mathematician)|Frank Ramsey]], English mathematician (d. [[1930]])
* [[February 24]] &ndash; [[Vladimir Bartol]], Slovenian author (d. [[1967]])
* [[February 26]] &ndash; [[Giulio Natta]], Italian chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1979]])<ref>{{cite web |title=The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1963 |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1963/natta/facts/ |website=NobelPrize.org |access-date=25 February 2022 |archive-date=January 15, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220115114942/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1963/natta/facts/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[February 28]] &ndash; [[Vincente Minnelli]], American stage and film director (d. [[1986]])

===March===
[[File:Empress Kojun 1956-11-face.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Empress Nagako]]]]
[[File:Clare boothe.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Clare Boothe Luce]]]]
[[File:Young lawrence welk.JPG|thumb|100px|[[Lawrence Welk]]]]
[[File:Bad Schachen Porträt; Adolf Butenandt - W134Nr.020182c - Willy Pragher (cropped).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Adolf Butenandt]]]]
<!--[[File:Germán Busch - 2.jpg|thumb|138x138px|[[Germán Busch]]]]-->
* [[March 4]]
** [[Dorothy Mackaill]], British-born American actress (d. [[1990]])
** [[John Scarne]], American magician, card expert (d. [[1985]])
* [[March 6]] 
** [[Empress Nagako]], Japanese consort of [[Hirohito|Emperor Hirohito]] (d. [[2000]])
** [[Józef Skoczyński]], Polish Roman Catholic priest and social activist (d. [[1967]])
* [[March 10]]
** [[Bix Beiderbecke]], American jazz musician (d. [[1931]])
** [[Clare Boothe Luce]], American publisher, writer (d. [[1987]])
* [[March 11]]
** [[Ronald Syme]], New Zealand-born classicist, historian (d. [[1989]])
** [[Lawrence Welk]], American television musician, bandleader (d. [[1992]])
* [[March 14]] &ndash; [[Mustafa Barzani]], Kurdish politician (d. [[1979]])
* [[March 18]] &ndash; [[Galeazzo Ciano]], Italian aristocrat and diplomat (d. [[1944]])
* [[March 19]] &ndash; [[Wage Rudolf Supratman]], Indonesian violinist (d. [[1938]])
* [[March 20]] &ndash; [[Edgar Buchanan]], American actor (d. [[1979]])
* [[March 21]] &ndash; [[Frank Sargeson]], New Zealand writer (d. [[1982]])
* [[March 23]] &ndash; [[Germán Busch]], 36th [[President of Bolivia]] (d. [[1939]])
* [[March 24]] 
** [[Adolf Butenandt]], German chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1995]])
** [[Malcolm Muggeridge]], English journalist (d. [[1990]])
* [[March 25]]
** [[Binnie Barnes]], English actress (d. [[1998]])
** [[Nahum Norbert Glatzer]], Austrian-American historian and philosopher (d. [[1990]])
* [[March 28]] &ndash; [[Rudolf Serkin]], Austrian pianist (d. [[1991]])

===April===
[[File:Eliot Ness in 1931.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Eliot Ness]]]]
* [[April 3]] &ndash; [[Lola Alvarez Bravo]], Mexican photographer (d. [[1993]])
* [[April 6]]
** [[Mickey Cochrane]], American baseball player (d. [[1962]])
** [[Doc Edgerton]], American electrical engineer (d. [[1990]])
* [[April 9]] &ndash; [[Gregory G. Pincus]], American biologist, researcher (d. [[1967]])
* [[April 12]] &ndash; [[Jan Tinbergen]], Dutch economist, [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1994]])
* [[April 15]] &ndash; [[John Williams (actor)|John Williams]], English actor (d. [[1983]])
* [[April 17]]
** [[Gregor Piatigorsky]], Russian-born American cellist (d. [[1976]])
** [[Morgan Taylor]], American athlete (d. [[1975]])
* [[April 19]] &ndash; [[Eliot Ness]], American [[Bureau of Prohibition|Prohibition agent]] (d. [[1957]])
* [[April 24]] &ndash; [[José Antonio Primo de Rivera]], Spanish politician (d. [[1936]])
* [[April 25]] &ndash; [[Andrey Kolmogorov]], Soviet mathematician (d. [[1987]])

===May===
[[File:Bing Crosby 1951.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Bing Crosby]]]]
[[File:Bob Hope, 1978.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Bob Hope]]]]
* [[May 2]] &ndash; [[Benjamin Spock]], American pediatrician (d. [[1998]])
* [[May 3]] &ndash; [[Bing Crosby]], American singer, actor (d. [[1977]])
* [[May 4]] &ndash; [[Luther Adler]], American actor (d. [[1984]])
* [[May 8]] &ndash; [[Fernandel]], French actor (d. [[1971]])
* [[May 10]] &ndash; [[Hans Jonas]], German-born American philosopher (d. [[1993]])
* [[May 11]] &ndash; [[Charlie Gehringer]], American baseball player (d. [[1993]])
* [[May 14]] &ndash; [[Billie Dove]], American actress (d. [[1997]])
* [[May 29]] &ndash; [[Bob Hope]], English-born American comedian, actor (d. [[2003]])

===June===
[[File:Lou Gehrig as a new Yankee 11 Jun 1923.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Lou Gehrig]]]]
[[File:George Orwell press photo.jpg|thumb|100px|[[George Orwell]]]]
* [[June 1]] &ndash; [[Niní Marshall]], Argentine humorist, comic actress and screenwriter (d. [[1996]]) 
* [[June 6]] 
**[[Aram Khachaturian]], Soviet-Armenian composer (d. [[1978]])
** [[Bakht Singh]], Indian evangelist, Bible teacher and preacher (d. [[2000]])
* [[June 8]] &ndash; [[Marguerite Yourcenar]], Belgian-French author (d. [[1987]])
* [[June 10]] &ndash; [[Theo Lingen]], German actor (d. [[1978]])
* [[June 18]] &ndash; [[Jeanette MacDonald]], American singer, actress (d. [[1965]])
* [[June 19]]
** [[Lou Gehrig]], American baseball player (d. [[1941]])
** [[Wally Hammond]], English cricketer (d. [[1965]])
* [[June 21]] &ndash; [[Al Hirschfeld]], American caricaturist (d. [[2003]])
* [[June 22]]
** [[John Dillinger]], American bank robber (d. [[1934]])
** [[Jiro Horikoshi]], Japanese aircraft designer (d. [[1982]])
** [[Carl Hubbell]], American baseball player (d. [[1988]])
* [[June 23]] 
** [[Louis Seigner]], French actor (d. [[1991]])
** [[Paul Martin Sr.]], Canadian politician (d. [[1992]])
* [[June 25]]
** [[Pierre Brossolette]], French journalist, resistance fighter (d. [[1944]])
** [[George Orwell]], English author (d. [[1950]])
* [[June 26]]
** [[Harry DeWolf]], Canadian naval officer (d. [[2000]])
** [[Big Bill Broonzy]], American blues singer, composer (d. [[1958]]) (some sources give his year of birth as [[1893]])
* [[June 29]] &ndash; [[Alan Blumlein]], British electronics engineer (d. [[1942]])

===July===
[[File:Alec Douglas Home Allan Warren cropped.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Alec Douglas-Home]]]]
[[File:Olav V of Norway.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Olav V of Norway]]]]
* [[July 1]]
** [[Don Beddoe]], American character actor (d. [[1991]]) 
** [[Amy Johnson]], English aviator (d. [[1941]])
* [[July 2]]
** [[Charles Poletti]], American lawyer and politician (d. [[2002]])
** [[Alec Douglas-Home]], Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. [[1995]])
** [[Olav V]], King of Norway (d. [[1991]])
* [[July 3]] &ndash; [[Ace Bailey]], Canadian ice hockey player (d. [[1992]])
* [[July 4]] &ndash; [[Howard Hobson]], American basketball player and coach (d. [[1991]])
* [[July 6]] &ndash; [[Hugo Theorell]], Swedish scientist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1982]])
* [[July 7]] &ndash; [[Steven Runciman]], English historian (d. [[2000]])
* [[July 10]] &ndash; [[Werner Best]], German SS officer, jurist (d. [[1989]])
* [[July 12]] &ndash; [[Judith Hare, Countess of Listowel]], Hungarian-born journalist, writer (d. [[2003]])
* [[July 13]] &ndash; [[Kenneth Clark]], English art historian (d. [[1983]])
* [[July 14]] &ndash; [[Thomas D. Clark]], American historian (d. [[2005]])
* [[July 16]] &ndash; [[Mary Philbin]], American silent film actress (d. [[1993]])
* [[July 18]] &ndash; [[Victor Gruen]], Austrian-American architect and inventor of the shopping mall (d. [[1980]])
* [[July 21]] &ndash; [[Roy Neuberger]], American financier, art collector (d. [[2010]])
* [[July 26]] &ndash; [[Estes Kefauver]], American politician (d. [[1963]])
* [[July 27]] &ndash; [[Michail Stasinopoulos]], 1st president of Greece (d. [[2002]])

===August===
[[File:Bourguiba photo officielle.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Habib Bourguiba]]]]

* [[August 3]]
** [[Habib Bourguiba]], 1st [[president of Tunisia]] (d. [[2000]])
** [[Fahri Korutürk]], 6th [[president of Turkey]] (d. [[1987]])
* [[August 5]] &ndash; [[Prince Nicholas of Romania]] (d. [[1978]])
* [[August 6]] &ndash; [[Virginia Foster Durr]], American civil rights activist (d. [[1999]])
* [[August 7]] &ndash; [[Louis Leakey]], British archaeologist (d. [[1972]])
* [[August 19]] &ndash; [[James Gould Cozzens]], American writer (d. [[1978]])
* [[August 24]] &ndash; [[Graham Sutherland]], English artist (d. [[1980]])
* [[August 26]] &ndash; [[Ian Dalrymple]], British screenwriter, film director and producer (d. [[1989]])
* [[August 31]] &ndash; [[Arthur Godfrey]], American radio, television host (d. [[1983]])

===September===
[[File:Adorno.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Theodor W. Adorno]]]]
[[File:Claudette Colbert in The Misleading Lady.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Claudette Colbert]]]]
* [[September 9]] &ndash; [[Edward Upward]], English author (d. [[2009]])
* [[September 10]] &ndash; [[Cyril Connolly]], English critic, writer (d. [[1974]])<ref>{{cite book |first=Jeremy |last=Lewis |title=Cyril Connolly: A Life |publisher=[[Jonathan Cape]] |year=1997}}</ref>
* [[September 11]] &ndash; [[Theodor W. Adorno]], German philosopher (d. [[1969]])<ref>{{cite book |last=Doohm |first=Stefan |title=Adorno : a biography |publisher=[[Polity Press]] |location=Cambridge, UK Malden, MA |year=2005 |isbn=9780745631080 |page=479}}</ref>
* [[September 13]]
** [[Claudette Colbert]], American actress (d. [[1996]])<ref>{{cite web |title=COLBERT, Claudette |url=http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/individual/11865 |publisher=[[British Film Institute]] |access-date=23 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090114201458/http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/individual/11865 |archive-date=14 January 2009}}</ref>
** [[Alberta Williams King]], American civil rights champion, wife of [[Martin Luther King Sr.]], and mother of [[Martin Luther King Jr.]] ([[Alberta Williams King#Assassination|assassinated]] [[1974]])<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wargs.com/other/kingml.html |title=Ancestry of Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. |last=Reitwiesner |first=William Addams |author-link=William Addams Reitwiesner |access-date=20 April 2025}}</ref>
* [[September 15]]
** [[Roy Acuff]], American country musician (d. [[1992]])
** [[Yisrael Kristal]], Polish-born Israeli supercentenarian, Holocaust survivor, and former world's oldest living man (d. [[2017]])
* [[September 16]] &ndash; Rabbi [[Yosef Greenwald]] to his father Rabbi [[Yaakov Yehezkiya Greenwald]]; in [[Brezovica, Sabinov District|Brezovica]] ([[Hungary]]) (d. [[1984]])<ref>{{cite web |title=אדמו"ר רבי יוסף גרינוולד מפאפא |url=http://www.mytzadik.com/tzadik.aspx?id=1014 |website=MyTzadik |language=he}}</ref>
* [[September 17]] &ndash; [[Karel Miljon]], Dutch boxer (d. [[1984]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Karel Miljon |url=https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/4715 |website=Olympedia |publisher=OlyMADMen |access-date=23 April 2025}}</ref>
* [[September 20]] &ndash; [[Gertrud Arndt]], German photographer (d. [[2000]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Witkovsky |first1=Matthew S. |first2=Peter |last2=Demetz |title=Foto : Modernity In Central Europe, 1918-1945 |location=[[Washington, DC]] |publisher=[[National Gallery of Art]] in association with [[Thames and Hudson]] |year=2007}}</ref>
* [[September 21]] &ndash; [[Preston Tucker]], American automobile designer (d. [[1956]])
* [[September 25]]
** [[Abul A'la Maududi]], Pakistani journalist, theologian, and philosopher (d. [[1979]])
** [[Mark Rothko]], Latvian-born painter (d. [[1970]])<ref>{{cite book |last=Breslin |first=James E. B. |title=Mark Rothko: A Biography |location=[[Chicago]] |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |year=1993}}</ref>
* [[September 27]] &ndash; [[Leonard Barr]], American stand-up comic, actor, and dancer (d. [[1980]])
* [[September 28]] &ndash; [[Tateo Katō]], Japanese fighter ace (d. [[1942]])<ref>{{cite web |last=Gustavsson |first=Håkan |title=Biplane fighter aces Japan - Lieutenant Colonel Tateo Kato |website=Biplane Fighter Aces from the Second World War |url=http://surfcity.kund.dalnet.se/japan_kato.htm |date=16 March 2015 |access-date=24 December 2021}}{{Self-published source|date=December 2021}}</ref>
* [[September 29]]
** [[Miguel Alemán Valdés]], Mexican lawyer and civilian president (1946–1952) (d. [[1983]])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.miguelaleman.org/index.php/biografias/presidente-miguel-aleman-valdes|publisher=Fundacion Miguel Aleman, A.C.|language=es|access-date=May 29, 2019|title=BIOGRAFÍA|archive-date=December 21, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221221031347/https://www.miguelaleman.org/index.php/biografias/presidente-miguel-aleman-valdes|url-status=usurped}}</ref>
** [[Ted de Corsia]], American actor (d. [[1973]])
* [[September 30]] &ndash; [[Lyle Goodhue]], American chemist, inventor and entomologist (d. [[1981]])

===October===
[[File:Karel van België Charles de Belgique Karl von Belgien.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Prince Charles, Count of Flanders]]]]
[[File:John Davis Lodge.jpg|100px|thumb|[[John Davis Lodge]]]]
* [[October 1]] &ndash; [[Vladimir Horowitz]], American pianist (d. [[1989]])
* [[October 4]] &ndash; [[John Vincent Atanasoff]], American computer engineer (d. [[1995]])
* [[October 5]] &ndash; [[M. King Hubbert]], American geophysicist (d. [[1989]])
* [[October 6]] &ndash; [[Ernest Walton]], Irish physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1995]])
* [[October 8]] &ndash; [[Ferenc Nagy]], 40th prime minister of Hungary (d. [[1979]])
* [[October 9]] &ndash; [[Walter O'Malley]], American baseball executive (d. [[1979]])
* [[October 10]]
** [[Prince Charles, Count of Flanders]] (d. [[1983]])
** [[Bei Shizhang]], Chinese biologist, educator (d. [[2009]])
* [[October 11]] &ndash; [[Kazimierz Kordylewski]], Polish astronomer (d. [[1981]])
* [[October 16]] 
** [[Rex Bell]], American actor and politician (d. [[1962]])
** [[Cecile de Brunhoff]], French storyteller (d. [[2003]])
* [[October 18]]
** [[Raoul Dutheil]], French footballer (d. [[1945]])
** [[Lina Radke]], German athlete (d. [[1983]])
* [[October 20]] &ndash; [[John Davis Lodge]], American actor and politician (d. [[1985]])
* [[October 22]]
** [[George Beadle]], American geneticist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1989]])
** [[Zlatyu Boyadzhiev]], Bulgarian painter (d. [[1976]])
** [[Curly Howard|Jerome "Curly Howard" Horwitz]], American comedian, actor (''The Three Stooges'') (d. [[1952]])
* [[October 23]] 
** [[Thaddeus B. Hurd]], American architect, historian (d. [[1989]])
** [[Maurice Tillet]], French professional wrestler (d. [[1954]])
* [[October 24]] &ndash; [[Melvin Purvis]], American lawman and FBI agent (d. [[1960]])
*[[October 25]]
** [[Katharine Byron]], American politician (d. [[1976]])
** [[Harry Shoulberg]], American painter (d. [[1995]])
* [[October 26]] &ndash; [[Bill Allington]], American baseball player, manager (d. [[1966]])
* [[October 28]] &ndash; [[Evelyn Waugh]], English novelist (d. [[1966]])
* [[October 29]] &ndash; [[Vivian Ellis]], English composer, lyricist (d. [[1996]])
* [[October 31]] &ndash; [[Joan Robinson]], English economist (d. [[1983]])

===November===
[[File:Charles Rigoulot 1923.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Charles Rigoulot]]]]
[[File:Konrad Lorenz.JPG|thumb|100px|[[Konrad Lorenz]]]]
* [[November 1]] &ndash; [[Max Adrian]], Northern Irish actor (d. [[1973]])
* [[November 2]] &ndash; [[Edgard Potier]], Belgian spy (d. [[1944]])
* [[November 3]] 
** [[Walker Evans]], American photographer (d. [[1975]])
** [[Charles Rigoulot]], French weightlifter (d. [[1962]])
* [[November 4]] 
**[[Robert Emerson (scientist)|Robert Emerson]], American scientist (d. [[1959]])
**[[Watchman Nee]], Chinese Christian preacher, church leader (d. [[1972]])
* [[November 6]] &ndash; [[Carl Rakosi]], German-born poet (d. [[2004]])
* [[November 7]]
**[[Dean Jagger]], American actor (d. [[1991]])
**[[Konrad Lorenz]], Austrian zoologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1989]])
* [[November 8]] &ndash; [[Alfred Thambiayah]], Ceylon Tamil businessman, politician (d.?)
* [[November 11]] 
** Blessed [[Victoria Díez Bustos de Molina]], Spanish teacher, religious woman (d. [[1936]])
** [[Isaac Bashevis Singer]], Polish-American novelist, writer and Nobel Prize laureate (d. [[1991]])
* [[November 12]] &ndash; [[Jack Oakie]], American actor (d. [[1978]])
* [[November 19]] &ndash; [[Nancy Carroll]], American actress (d. [[1965]])
* [[November 25]] &ndash; [[DeHart Hubbard]], American Olympic athlete (d. [[1976]])
* [[November 26]] &ndash; [[Alice Herz-Sommer]], Czech-British supercentenarian and pianist and teacher (d. [[2014]])
* [[November 27]]
**[[Jamil Hashweh]], Palestinian translator (d. [[1982]])
**[[Lars Onsager]], Norwegian chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1976]])
* [[November 29]] &ndash; [[E. Harold Munn]], American temperance movement leader, presidential candidate (d. [[1992]])

===December===
<!--[[File:Johannes Heesters - 1964.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Johannes Heesters]]]]-->
[[File:Una Merkel - still.JPG|thumb|100px|[[Una Merkel]]]]
<!--[[File:Erskine Caldwell 1975.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Erskine Caldwell]]]]-->
[[File:JohnvonNeumann-LosAlamos.gif|thumb|100px|[[John von Neumann]]]]
* [[December 4]]
** [[Lazar Lagin]], Soviet and Russian writer (d. [[1979]])
** [[A. L. Rowse]], English historian (d. [[1997]])
* [[December 5]]
** [[Johannes Heesters]], Dutch singer, actor (d. [[2011]])
** [[Cecil Frank Powell]], British physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1969]])
* [[December 10]] &ndash; [[Una Merkel]], American actress (d. [[1986]])
* [[December 12]]
** [[Dagmar Nordstrom]], American composer, pianist (d. [[1976]])
** [[Yasujirō Ozu]], Japanese film director (d. [[1963]])
* [[December 13]] &ndash; [[Ella Baker]], American civil rights activist (d. [[1986]])
* [[December 16]] &ndash; [[Harold Whitlock]], British Olympic athlete (d. [[1985]])<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/69592 |title=Harold Whitlock |website=[[Olympedia]] |publisher=OlyMADMen |access-date=24 November 2021 |archive-date=November 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124111620/https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/69592 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[December 17]] &ndash; [[Erskine Caldwell]], American author (d. [[1987]])
* [[December 19]] &ndash; [[George Davis Snell]], American geneticist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1996]])
* [[December 22]] &ndash; [[Haldan Keffer Hartline]], American physiologist, [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1983]])
* [[December 24]] &ndash; [[Joseph Cornell]], American sculptor (d. [[1972]])
* [[December 26]] &ndash; [[Elisha Cook Jr.]], American actor (d. [[1995]])
* [[December 28]]
** [[Earl Hines]], American jazz pianist (d. [[1983]])
** [[John von Neumann]], Hungarian-born mathematician (d. [[1957]])
* [[December 29]] &ndash; [[Clyde McCoy]], American jazz trumpeter (d. [[1990]])

==Deaths==

===January–June===
[[File:Galg gem.jpg|thumb|110px|Saint [[Gemma Galgani]]]]
[[File:Josiah Willard Gibbs -from MMS-.jpg|thumb|110px|right|[[Josiah Willard Gibbs]]]]
[[File:Paul Gauguin 1891.png|thumb|110px|right|[[Paul Gauguin]]]]
[[File:Apolinario mabini PG.jpg|thumb|110px|right|[[Apolinario Mabini]]]]
[[File:AlejandroIDeSerbiaEn1900.jpg|thumb|110px|right|King [[Alexander I of Serbia]]]]
* [[January 3]] &ndash; [[Alois Hitler]], Austrian civil servant, father of [[Adolf Hitler]] (b. [[1837]])
* [[January 4]]  
** [[Alexander Aksakov]], Russian writer (b. [[1832]])
** [[Gulstan Ropert]], missionary (b. [[1839 in the United States|1839]])
** [[Topsy (elephant)|Topsy]], elephant (b. [[1875 in the United States|1875]])
* [[January 5]] &ndash; [[Práxedes Mateo Sagasta]], Spanish politician, eight-time prime minister (b. [[1825]])
* [[January 7]] – [[Robert Atkinson Davis]], businessman, politician and 4th [[Premier of Manitoba]] (b. [[1841 in Canada|1841]])
* [[January 17]] &ndash; [[Quintin Hogg (merchant)|Quintin Hogg]], British philanthropist (b. [[1845]])
* [[January 24]] &ndash; [[Petko Karavelov]], 4th [[Prime Minister of Bulgaria]] (b. [[1843]])
* [[January 28]]
** [[Augusta Holmès]], French composer (b. [[1847]])
** [[Robert Planquette]], French composer (b. [[1850]])
** [[John B. Allen]], U.S. Senator from Washington from 1889 to 1893 (b. [[1845 in the United States|1845]])
* [[February 1]] &ndash; Sir [[George Gabriel Stokes]], Irish mathematician, physicist (b. [[1819]])
* [[3 February|February 3]] – [[David George Ritchie]], Scottish philosopher (b. [[1853 in Scotland|1853]])
* [[February 4]] &ndash; [[Zhang Peilun]], Chinese naval commander and government official (b. [[1848]])
* [[February 7]] &ndash; [[James Glaisher]], English meteorologist, aeronaut (b. [[1809]])
* [[February 9]] &ndash; [[Charles Gavan Duffy (Australian politician)|Sir Charles Duffy]], Irish-born Australian politician, 8th [[Premier of Victoria]] (b. [[1816]])
* [[February 14]] &ndash; [[Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of Austria]] (b. [[1831]])
* [[February 17]] &ndash; [[Joseph Parry]], Welsh composer (b. [[1841]])
* [[February 18]]
** [[Prince Komatsu Akihito]], [[Gensui (Imperial Japanese Army)|Field Marshal]], [[Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office|Chief of the General Staff]] (b. [[1846]])
** [[Onoe Kikugorō V]], [[kabuki]] actor (b. [[1844]])
* [[February 21]] – [[Kate Vaughan]], British dancer and actress (b. [[1852]])
* [[February 22]] 
** [[Hugo Wolf]], Austrian composer (b. [[1860]])
** [[Victor Meirelles]], painter (b. [[1832 in Brazil|1832]])
* [[February 26]] &ndash; [[Richard Jordan Gatling]], American inventor (b. [[1818]])
* [[March 2]] &ndash; [[Rafael Zaldívar]], former [[President of El Salvador]] (b. [[1834]])
*[[March 3]] &ndash; [[Robert Sanford Foster]], Union Army general (b. [[1834]])
* [[March 4]] &ndash; [[Joseph Henry Shorthouse]], English novelist (b. [[1834]])
* [[March 5]] &ndash; [[Gaston Paris]], French scholar (b. [[1839]])
* [[March 7]] 
** [[István Bittó]], 7th prime minister of Hungary (b. [[1822]])
** [[John Studholme]], politician and farmer (b. [[1829]]).
* [[March 11]] &ndash; [[Lou Graham (Seattle madame)]], American brothel owner (b. [[1857]])
* [[March 13]] &ndash; [[George Granville Bradley]], English vicar, scholar (b. [[1821]])
* [[March 16]] &ndash; [[Roy Bean]], American justice of the peace (b. [[1825]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bogart |first1=Charles H. |editor1-last=Tenkotte |editor1-first=Paul A. |editor2-last=Claypool |editor2-first=James C. |title=The Encyclopedia of Northern Kentucky |date=2009 |publisher=University Press of Kentucky |isbn=978-0-8131-5996-6 |pages=69–70 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Zc0eBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA69 |chapter=Bean, Roy "Judge"}}</ref>
* [[March 20]] – [[Charles Godfrey Leland]], humorist, folklorist and poet (b. [[1824 in the United States|1824]])
* [[March 25]] &ndash; [[Hector MacDonald|Sir Hector MacDonald]], British army general (b. [[1853]])
* [[March 28]] &ndash; [[Émile Baudot]], French telegraph engineer (b. [[1845]])
* [[March 29]] – [[Gustavus Franklin Swift]], businessman (b. [[1839 in the United States|1839]])
* [[April 4]] &ndash; [[Margaret Ann Neve]], English supercentenarian (b. [[1792]])
* [[April 5]] – [[Tom Allen (boxer)|Tom Allen]], English boxer (b. [[1839]])
* [[April 11]] 
** [[Gemma Galgani]], Italian mystic, Catholic saint (b. [[1878]])
** [[Ronglu]], Manchu political and military leader of the late [[Qing dynasty]] (b. [[1836]])
* [[13 April|April 13]] – [[Moritz Lazarus]], German philosopher (born [[1824 in Germany|1824]])
* [[April 19]] &ndash; [[Oliver Mowat|Sir Oliver Mowat]], Canadian politician (b. [[1820]])
* [[April 22]] – [[Alexander Ramsey]], 2nd [[Governor of Minnesota]] from 1860 to 1863 and U.S. Senator from Minnesota from 1863 to 1875 (b. [[1815 in the United States|1815]])
* [[April 24]] – [[Walter Osborne]], Irish painter (b. [[1859]])
* [[April 27]] – [[William Travers (New Zealand politician)|William Travers]], lawyer, politician, explorer, and [[Natural history|naturalist]] in New Zealand (b. [[1819]])
* [[April 28]] 
** [[Frances Augusta Conant]], American journalist (b. [[1841]])
** [[Josiah Willard Gibbs]], American physical chemist (b. [[1839]])
** [[Saigō Tanomo]], Shinto priest, martial artist and former Samurai (b. 1830)
* [[April 29]] &ndash; [[Stuart Robson (actor)|Stuart Robson]], American stage actor, comedian (b. [[1836]])
* [[April 30]] – [[Emily Stowe]], first female doctor to practice in Canada and women's rights and [[suffrage]] activist (b. [[1831 in Canada|1831]])
* [[May 4]] &ndash; [[Gotse Delchev]], Macedonian  Bulgarian revolutionary (b. [[1872]])
* [[May 8]] &ndash; [[Paul Gauguin]], French painter (b. [[1848]])
* [[May 11]] – [[Vilhelm Kyhn]], painter and educator (b. [[1819 in Denmark|1819]])
* [[May 13]] &ndash; [[Apolinario Mabini]], Filipino political theoretician, [[Prime Minister of the Philippines]] (b. [[1864]])
* [[May 19]] – [[Carl Snoilsky]], poet (b. [[1841]])
* [[June 9]] &ndash; [[Gaspar Núñez de Arce]], Spanish poet (b. [[1834]])
* [[June 11]]
** [[Alexander I of Serbia|Alexander I]], [[King of Serbia]] (b. [[1876]])
** [[Nikolai Bugaev]], Russian mathematician (b. [[1837]])
** [[Draga Mašin]], Serbian queen consort (b. [[1861]])
* [[June 14]] &ndash; [[Carl Gegenbaur]], German anatomist (b. [[1826]])<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Gegenbaur, Carl}}</ref>
* [[June 15]] &ndash; [[Joseph Abbott (New South Wales politician)|Joseph Abbott]], Australian wool-broker and politician (b. [[1843]])
* [[June 19]] 
* [[Herbert Vaughan]], English Catholic cardinal, archbishop (b. [[1832]])

===July–December===
[[File:Leo XIII.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Pope Leo XIII]]]]
[[File:Robert-Gascoyne-Cecil-3rd-Marquess-of-Salisbury.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Lord Salisbury]]]]
[[File:T-mommsen-2.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Theodor Mommsen]]]]
[[File:Pissarro-portrait.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Camille Pissarro]]]]
* [[July 2]] &ndash; [[Ed Delahanty]], American baseball player, [[MLB Hall of Fame]]r (b. [[1867]])
* [[July 3]] &ndash; [[Harriet Lane]], Acting [[First Lady of the United States]] (b. [[1830]])
* [[July 11]] &ndash; [[William Ernest Henley]], English poet, critic and editor (b. [[1849]])
* [[July 13]] &ndash; [[Béni Kállay]], Austro-Hungarian statesman (b. [[1839]])
* [[July 14]] 
** [[Sahibzada Abdul Latif]], Afghan royal advisor and [[Ahmadiyya|Ahmadi]] martyr (b. [[1853]])
** [[Manuel Antonio Caro]], Chilean painter (b. [[1835]])
* [[July 17]] &ndash; [[James McNeill Whistler]], American painter (b. [[1834]])
* [[July 20]] &ndash; [[Pope Leo XIII]], Italian Roman Catholic Pope (b. [[1810]])
* [[July 21]] – [[Henri Alexis Brialmont]], military architect (b. [[1821]])
* [[July 27]] – [[Lina Sandell]], hymn writer (b. [[1832]]).
* [[August 1]] &ndash; [[Calamity Jane]], American frontierswoman (b. [[1852]])
* [[August 3]] &ndash; [[Édouard Pottier]], French admiral (b. [[1839]])
* [[August 5]] &ndash; [[Phil May (caricaturist)|Phil May]], English artist (b. [[1864]])
* [[August 11]] &ndash; [[Eugenio María de Hostos]], Puerto Rican philosopher, sociologist (b. [[1839]])
* [[August 17]] &ndash; [[Hans Gude]], Norwegian painter (b. [[1825]])
* [[August 22]] &ndash; [[Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury]], Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. [[1830]])
* [[August 23]] &ndash; [[Fray Mocho]], Argentine writer (b. [[1858]])
* [[August 27]] – [[Kusumoto Ine]], physician, first female doctor of Western medicine in Japan (b. [[1827]])
* [[August 28]] &ndash; [[Frederick Law Olmsted]], American landscape architect (b. [[1822]])
* [[August 30]] &ndash; [[Joe Warbrick]], [[Māori people|Māori]] [[rugby union]] player (b. 1862).
* [[31 August|August 31]] – [[William Hastie]], clergyman and theologian (b. [[1842 in Scotland|1842]])
* [[September 1]] &ndash; [[Charles Renouvier]], French philosopher (b. [[1815]])
* [[September 2]] &ndash; [[Julia McNair Wright]], American author (b. [[1840]])
* [[September 13]] &ndash; [[Carl Schuch]], Austrian painter (b. [[1846]])
* [[September 14]] – [[Johanna Berglind]], sign language teacher and principal (b. [[1816]]).
* [[September 18]] 
** [[Alexander Bain (philosopher)|Alexander Bain]], Scottish philosopher (b. [[1818]])
** [[Jules Pellechet]], French architect (b. [[1829]])
* [[September 19]] &ndash; [[Washington Teasdale]], English engineer (b. [[1830]])
* [[October 4]] &ndash; [[Otto Weininger]], Austrian-Jewish author (b. [[1880]])
* [[October 20]] &ndash; [[Thomas Vincent Welch]], American politician (b. [[1850]])
* [[October 22]] &ndash; [[William Edward Hartpole Lecky]], Irish historian, member of the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|House of Commons]] (b. [[1838]]
* [[October 27]] – [[Erika Nissen]], pianist (b. [[1845]])
* [[November 1]] &ndash; [[Theodor Mommsen]], German writer, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1817]])<ref>Carter, Jesse Benedict. [https://archive.org/stream/atlantic93bostuoft#page/372/mode/2up "Theodor Mommsen,"] ''The Atlantic Monthly'', Vol. XCIII, 1904.</ref>
* [[November 11]] &ndash; [[Lavilla Esther Allen]], American author (b. [[1834]])
* [[November 13]] &ndash; [[Camille Pissarro]], French painter (b. [[1830]])
* [[November 20]] – [[Tom Horn]], gunfighter and outlaw (born [[1860 in the United States|1860]])
* [[November 25]] &ndash; [[Sabino Arana]], Spanish Basque writer, nationalist (b. [[1865]])
* [[December 8]] &ndash; [[Herbert Spencer]], English philosopher (b. [[1820]])
* [[December 27]] &ndash; [[Lydia Hoyt Farmer]], American author, women's rights activist (b. [[1842]])
* [[December 28]] &ndash; [[Margaret Frances Sullivan]], Irish-born American author, journalist and editor (b. [[1847]])
* [[December 29]]  
** [[Baba Jaimal Singh]], Founder of Radha Soami Satsang Beas (b. [[1839]])
** [[Jerome Sykes]], American actor (b. [[1868]])

===Unknown date===
* [[Mary Elizabeth Beauchamp]], American educator and author (b. [[1825]])

==Nobel Prizes==
[[File:Nobel medal.png|right|100px]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics]] – [[Henri Becquerel|Antoine Henri Becquerel]], [[Pierre Curie]], and [[Marie Curie]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]] – [[Svante Arrhenius|Svante August Arrhenius]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Medicine]] – [[Niels Ryberg Finsen]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature]] – [[Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson]]
* [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace]] – [[Randal Cremer|William Randal Cremer]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
* {{cite book|last=Gilbert|first=Martin|author-link=Martin Gilbert|title=A History of the Twentieth Century, Volume One: 1900-1933|year=1997|publisher=HarperCollins|location=New York|chapter=1903|isbn=0-688-10064-3|pages=69–88}}

{{Events by month links}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1903}}
[[Category:1903| ]]