Editing 1913 in literature

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{{Year nav topic5|1913|literature|poetry}}

This article contains information about the literary events and publications of '''1913'''.
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==Events==
*January – [[Acmeist poetry]], with roots back to [[1909 in literature|1909]], is officially born as a reaction to [[Russian Futurism]]. Manifestos are printed in the journal ''Apollon'' by [[Nikolay Gumilyov]] and [[Sergey Gorodetsky]], with illustrative works by both, and by [[Anna Akhmatova]], [[Vladimir Narbut]], and [[Osip Mandelstam]] — the last with "Hagia Sophia".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Wachtel |first=Andrew |editor-last=Gleason |editor-first=Abbott |title=A Companion to Russian History |publisher=Blackwell Publishing |location=Chichester |year=2009 |pages=287–288 |chapter=Russian Modernism |isbn=978-1-4051-3560-3}}</ref>
*[[January 1]] – The [[German National Library]] is founded in [[Leipzig]].
*[[January 8]] – [[Harold Monro]] officially opens the [[Poetry Bookshop]] in London (opened for business November 1912), which becomes a noted international literary meeting-place.<ref>{{Cite book |editor=Jones, Neal T. |title=A Book of Days for the Literary Year |url=https://archive.org/details/bookofdaysforlit0jone |url-access=registration |location=New York; London |publisher=Thames and Hudson |year=1984 |isbn=0-500-01332-2}}</ref>
*[[January 24]] – [[Franz Kafka]] stops working on his novel ''Amerika'', which he never finishes.
*[[March 24]] – The new [[Palace Theatre (New York City)|Palace Theatre]] opens at 1564 [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] (at West 47th Street) in midtown Manhattan, New York City.
*[[April 5]] – Serialization of the adventures of [[Gaston Leroux]]'s character [[:fr:Chéri-Bibi|Chéri-Bibi]] begins in [[Le Matin (France)|''Le Matin'' (France)]].
*April – [[Bernhard Kellermann]]'s novel ''[[Der Tunnel (novel)|Der Tunnel]]'' sells 100,000 copies in its first six months.
*c. April – [[Humphrey S. Milford]] becomes publisher to the [[University of Oxford]] and head of the London operations of [[Oxford University Press]], after the retirement of Henry Frowde.<ref>{{Cite web |first=Martin |last=Maw |title=Milford, Sir Humphrey Sumner (1877–1952) |work=[[Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]] |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2004 |edition=Online |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/35020 |accessdate=2014-03-14 |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/35020}} {{ODNBsub}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Oxford University Press: Retirement of Mr. Henry Frowde |url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=EP19130426.2.106 |newspaper=[[The Evening Post (New Zealand) |The Evening Post]] |location=Wellington (New Zealand) |volume=85 |issue=98 |date=1913-04-26 |page=12 |accessdate=2014-06-06}}</ref>
*September – [[F. Scott Fitzgerald]] enters [[Princeton University]], where he meets [[Edmund Wilson]] and [[John Peale Bishop]].
*[[November 8]] – [[Georg Büchner]]'s play ''[[Woyzeck]]'', unfinished on his death in [[1837 in literature|1837]], receives its first performance, at the Residenztheater, [[Munich]].
*[[November 13]] – [[Marcel Proust]]'s ''[[Swann's Way]] (Du côté de chez Swann)'', volume 1 of ''[[In Search of Lost Time]] (À la recherche du temps perdu)'', is published by [[Éditions Grasset]] in Paris at the author's expense.
*[[December 21]] – [[Arthur Wynne]]'s "word-cross", the first [[crossword puzzle]], appears in the ''[[New York World]]''.<ref>{{cite book|author=Rotary International|title=The Rotarian|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0TEEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA28|date=September 1994|publisher=Rotary International|pages=28}}</ref>
*[[December 26]] – [[Ambrose Bierce]], an observer with [[Pancho Villa]]'s army in the [[Mexican Revolution]], sends his last known correspondence. He is never seen again.<ref>{{cite book|author=Robert L. Gale|title=An Ambrose Bierce Companion|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SWZkmUJEGkQC&pg=PA49|year=2001|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-31130-7|pages=49}}</ref>
*''unknown dates''
**''[[Zaynab (novel)|Zaynab]]'', by [[Husayn Haykal]], is published; it is sometimes called the first modern Arabic novel.<ref name="Faiq2004">{{Cite book |author=Said Faiq |title=Cultural Encounters in Translation from Arabic |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8sox94YIAUcC&pg=PA40 |year=2004 |publisher=Multilingual Matters |isbn=978-1-85359-743-5 |pages=40–}}</ref>
**[[Norbert von Hellingrath]] begins publishing his edition of [[Friedrich Hölderlin]]'s complete works (''Sämtliche Werke: historisch-kritische Ausgabe'', the "''Berliner Ausgabe''"), restoring it to literary prominence.<ref>{{Cite book|first=Joseph|last=Suglia|title=Hölderlin and Blanchot on Self-sacrifice|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KDY0cMI9MLkC&pg=PA36|year=2004|publisher=Peter Lang|isbn=978-0-8204-7273-7|pages=36}}</ref>
**[[Henri Stahl]] publishes excerpts from his novel ''Un român în lună'' ("A Romanian on the Moon", republished as a book in [[1914 in literature|1914]]), one of the earliest works of [[Romanian science fiction]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Popescu |first=Cristian Tudor |authorlink=Cristian Tudor Popescu |title=Copiii fiarei |publisher=Polirom |location=Iași |year=1998 |pages=33–41}}</ref>

==New books==
===Fiction===
*[[Alain-Fournier]] – ''[[Le Grand Meaulnes]]''
*[[Maurice Barrès]] – ''[[The Sacred Hill]]''
*[[Andrei Bely]] – ''[[Petersburg (novel)|Petersburg]]'' (Петербургъ, ''Peterburg'') - Serialization concludes in March 1914
*[[Arnold Bennett]] – ''The Regent''
*[[E. F. Benson]] 
**''Dodo's Daughter''
**''Thorley Weir''
**''The Weaker Vessel''
*[[Edmund Clerihew Bentley]] – ''[[Trent's Last Case (novel)|Trent's Last Case]]''
*[[Algernon Blackwood]] – ''A Prisoner in Fairyland''
*[[Victor Bridges]] – ''[[Another Man's Shoes (novel)|Another Man's Shoes]]''
*[[Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić]] – ''[[The Brave Adventures of Lapitch]] (Čudnovate zgode šegrta Hlapića)''
*[[Mary Grant Bruce]] – ''Norah of Billabong''
*[[John Buchan]] – ''[[The Power-House]]'' (serialization)
*[[Edgar Rice Burroughs]] – ''[[The Return of Tarzan]]''
*[[Hall Caine]] – ''The Woman Thou Gavest Me''
*[[Ethel Carnie]] – ''Miss Nobody''
*[[Willa Cather]] – ''[[O Pioneers!]]''
*[[Joseph Conrad]] – ''[[Chance (Conrad novel)|Chance]]'' (book publication)
*[[Miguel de Unamuno]] – ''El espejo de la muerte'' (The Mirror of Death, stories)
*[[Grazia Deledda]] – ''[[:it:Canne al vento|Canne al vento]]'' (Reeds in the Wind)
*[[Ethel M. Dell]] – ''[[The Knave of Diamonds (novel)|The Knave of Diamonds]]''
*[[Arthur Conan Doyle]] – ''[[The Poison Belt]]''
*[[Roger Martin du Gard]] – ''Jean Barois''
*[[Edna Ferber]] – ''Roast Beef, Medium''
*[[Ellen Glasgow]] – ''[[Virginia (novel)|Virginia]]''
*[[Elinor Glyn]] 
**''The Sequence''
**''The Contrast and Other Stories''
*[[Frances Nimmo Greene]] — ''[[The Right of the Strongest (novel)|The Right of the Strongest]]''
*[[Knut Hamsun]] – ''Børn av Tiden''
*[[Husayn Haykal]] – ''[[Zaynab (novel)|Zaynab]]''
*[[Franz Hessel]] – ''Der Kramladen des Glücks''
*[[Robert Hichens (writer)|Robert Hichens]] – ''[[The Way of Ambition]]''
*[[Henry James]] – ''[[A Small Boy and Others]]''
*[[Annie Fellows Johnston]] – ''Miss Santa Clause of the Pullman''
*[[Mary Johnston]] – ''Hagar''
*[[Bernhard Kellermann]] – ''[[Der Tunnel (novel)|Der Tunnel]]''
*[[Valery Larbaud]] – ''A. O. Barnabooth''
*[[D. H. Lawrence]] – ''[[Sons and Lovers]]''
*[[Gaston Leroux]] – ''[[The Secret of the Night]]''
*[[Jack London]] 
**''[[The Valley of the Moon (novel)|The Valley of the Moon]]''
**''[[The Abysmal Brute]]''
*[[Marie Belloc Lowndes]] 
** ''[[The End of Her Honeymoon]]''
** ''[[The Lodger (novel)|The Lodger]]''
*[[Arnold Lunn]] – ''The Harrovians''
*[[Compton Mackenzie]] – ''[[Sinister Street]]'', vol. 1
*[[Katherine Mansfield]] – "[[Millie (short story)|Millie]]" (short story)
*[[Patricio Mariano]] – ''[[Ang Tala sa Panghulo]]'' (The Bright Star at Panghulo)
*[[Flora Mayor]] – ''The Third Miss Symons''
*[[Oscar Micheaux]] – ''Conquest: The Story of a Negro Pioneer''
*[[Octave Mirbeau]] – ''[[Dingo (novel)|Dingo]]''
*[[Lucy Maud Montgomery]] – ''[[The Golden Road (Montgomery novel)|The Golden Road]]''
*[[Mori Ōgai]] (森 鷗外) – ''[[The Wild Geese (Mori novel)|The Wild Geese]]'' (雁, ''Gan'', serialization concludes December)
*[[E. Phillips Oppenheim]] – ''[[The Double Life of Mr. Alfred Burton (novel)|The Double Life of Mr. Alfred Burton]]''
*[[Baroness Orczy]] – ''[[Eldorado (Novel)|Eldorado]]''
*[[Luigi Pirandello]] – ''I vecchi e i giovani'' (The Old and the Young, complete)
*[[N. Porsenna]] – ''La judecata Zeilor'' (A Tribunal of Gods)
*[[Marcel Proust]] – ''[[Swann's Way]]'' (''Du côté de chez Swann'', first part of ''À la Recherche du temps perdu'')
*[[Sax Rohmer]] – ''[[The Mystery of Dr. Fu-Manchu]]''
*[[Saki]] – ''[[When William Came]]''
*[[Ewald Gerhard Seeliger]] – ''[[Peter Voss, Thief of Millions (novel)|Peter Voss, Thief of Millions]]''
*[[Gene Stratton-Porter]] – ''Laddie''
*[[Booth Tarkington]] – ''The Flirt''
*[[Vincent Cartwright Vickers]] – ''[[The Google Book]]''
* [[Edgar Wallace]] 
** ''[[The Fourth Plague]]''
** ''[[Grey Timothy]]''
** ''[[The River of Stars (novel)|The River of Stars]]''
*[[Hugh Walpole]] – ''Fortitude''
*[[Mary Augusta Ward]]
**''The Coryston Family''
**''The Mating of Lydia''
*[[Edith Wharton]] – ''[[The Custom of the Country]]''
*[[P. G. Wodehouse]] – ''[[The Little Nugget]]''
*[[Leonard Woolf]] – ''[[The Village in the Jungle]]''
*[[Francis Brett Young]] – ''[[Undergrowth (novel)|Undergrowth]]''

===Children and young people===
*[[L. Frank Baum]] 
**''[[The Patchwork Girl of Oz]]''
**''[[Little Wizard Stories of Oz]]''
**''[[Aunt Jane's Nieces on the Ranch]]'' (as Edith Van Dyne)
*[[Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić]] – ''[[The Brave Adventures of Lapitch]] (Čudnovate zgode šegrta Hlapića)''
*[[Gertrude Minnie Faulding]] – ''Fairies''
*[[Ferenc Móra]] – ''Csilicsali Csalavári Csalavér'' (nonsense title, about a wolf family)
*[[E. Nesbit]] – ''Wet Magic''
*[[Eleanor H. Porter]] – ''[[Pollyanna]]''
*[[Beatrix Potter]] – ''[[The Tale of Pigling Bland]]''
*[[Else Ury]] – ''[[Nesthäkchen and Her Dolls]] (Nesthäkchen und ihre Puppen)''

===Drama===
<onlyinclude>
*[[Franz Arnold]] and [[Ernst Bach]] – ''[[The Spanish Fly (play)|The Spanish Fly]] (Die spanische Fliege)''
*[[Jacinto Benavente]] – ''[[The Unloved Woman (play)|The Unloved Woman]] (La malquerida)''
* [[Arnold Bennett]] – ''[[The Great Adventure (play)|The Great Adventure]]''
*[[George A. Birmingham]] – ''[[General John Regan (play)|General John Regan]]''
*[[G. K. Chesterton]] – ''[[Magic (play)|Magic]]''
*[[Montague Glass]] and [[Charles Klein]] – ''[[Potash and Perlmutter (play)|Potash and Perlmutter]]''
*[[A. de Herz]]
**''Păianjenul'' (The Spider)
**''Bunicul'' (Grandfather)
* [[Stanley Houghton]] 
** ''[[The Perfect Cure (play)|The Perfect Cure]]''
** ''[[Trust the People]]''
*[[Victor Ido]] – ''Karinda Adinda''
*[[D. H. Lawrence]] – ''[[The Daughter-in-Law]]'' (first performed [[1967 in literature|1967]])
*[[Oskar Luts]] – ''Kapsapea'' (The Cabbage)
*[[Gregorio Martínez Sierra]]
**''Mamá'' (Mama)
**''Sólo para mujeres'' (For Women Only)
*[[Vladimir Mayakovsky]] – ''[[Vladimir Mayakovsky (tragedy)|Vladimir Mayakovsky]]'' («Владимир Маяковский»)
*[[Edward Sheldon]] – ''[[Romance (Sheldon play)|Romance]]''
*[[Carl Sternheim]] – ''[[Bürger Schippel]]'' (Citizen Schippel)</onlyinclude>

===Poetry===
{{Main|1913 in poetry}}
*[[Delmira Agustini]] – ''Los Cálices Vacíos'' (Empty Chalices)
*[[Guillaume Apollinaire]] – ''Alcools''
*[[James Elroy Flecker]] – ''The Golden Journey to Samarkand''
*[[Robert Frost]] – ''[[A Boy's Will]]''
*[[Osip Mandelstam]] – ''Hagia Sophia''
*[[Siegfried Sassoon]] – ''The Daffodil Murderer''
*[[Georg Trakl]] – ''Gedichte'' (Poems)

===Non-fiction===
*[[Guillaume Apollinaire]] – ''[[The Cubist Painters, Aesthetic Meditations]] (Les Peintres Cubistes, Méditations Esthétiques)''
*[[Miguel de Unamuno]] – ''Del sentimiento trágico de la vida'' (The Tragic Sense of Life)
*[[Sigmund Freud]] – ''Totem und Tabu''
*[[Maxim Gorky]] – ''[[Autobiography of Maxim Gorky|My Childhood]]'' (Детство)
*[[Élie Halévy]] – ''Histoire du peuple anglais au XIXe siècle'' (vol. 1)
*[[Holbrook Jackson]] – ''The Eighteen Nineties''
*[[Walter Lippmann]] – ''A Preface to Politics''
*[[Luigi Russolo]] – ''The Art of Noises'' (''L'arte dei rumori'', [[Futurist]] manifesto)
*[[Rosa Luxemburg]] – ''Die Akkumulation des Kapitals'' (''The Accumulation of Capital'', 1951)
*[[Alfred North Whitehead]] and [[Bertrand Russell]] – ''[[Principia Mathematica]]'' (completed)
* [[Basil Williams (historian)|Basil Williams]] – ''[[The Life of William Pitt, Earl of Chatham]]''

==Births==
*[[January 23]] – [[Joan Adeney Easdale]], English poet (died [[1998 in literature|1998]])
*[[January 29]] – [[Peter von Zahn]], German journalist and writer (died [[2001 in literature|2001]])
*[[February 2]] – [[Racey Helps]], English children's writer and illustrator (died [[1970 in literature|1970]])
*[[February 26]] – [[George Barker (poet)|George Barker]], British poet (died [[1991 in literature|1991]])
*[[February 27]]
** [[T. B. Ilangaratne]], Sri Lankan author, dramatist, actor and politician (died [[1992 in literature|1992]])
** [[Irwin Shaw]], American playwright, screenwriter and novelist (died [[1984 in literature|1984]])
*[[March 2]] – [[Godfried Bomans]], Dutch writer (died [[1971 in literature|1971]])
*[[April 18]] – [[Muttathu Varkey]], Malayalam novelist, short story writer, and poet (died [[1989 in literature|1989]]) 
*[[June 22]] – [[Sándor Weöres]], Hungarian poet and author (died 1989)
*[[June 26]] – [[Aimé Césaire]], Martinique writer (died [[2008 in literature|2008]])
*[[July 6]] – [[Gwyn Thomas (novelist)|Gwyn Thomas]], Welsh novelist (died [[1981 in literature|1981]])
*[[July 21]] – [[Catherine Storr]], English children's writer (died [[2001 in literature|2001]])
*[[August 11]] – [[Angus Wilson]], English novelist (died [[1991 in literature|1991]])
*[[August 28]] – [[Robertson Davies]], Canadian novelist (died [[1995 in literature|1995]])<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/robertson-davies|title=Robertson Davies|encyclopedia=[[The Canadian Encyclopedia]]|access-date=September 8, 2019}}</ref>
*[[October 19]] – [[Vasco Pratolini]], Italian writer (died 1991)
*[[November 7]] – [[Albert Camus]], French writer (died [[1960 in literature|1960]])
*[[November 10]] – [[Karl Shapiro]], American poet (died [[2000 in literature|2000]])
*[[December 26]] – [[Elizabeth David]] (née Gwynne), English cookery writer (died [[1992 in literature|1992]])
*[[December 27]] – [[Elizabeth Smart (author)|Elizabeth Smart]], Canadian poet and novelist (died [[1986 in literature|1986]])

==Deaths==
*[[January 21]] – [[Aluísio Azevedo]], Brazilian novelist, playwright and short story writer (born [[1857 in literature|1857]])
*[[February 9]] – [[Oscar Méténier]], French novelist and dramatist (born [[1859 in literature|1859]])
*[[February 13]] – [[Charles Major (writer)|Charles Major]], American novelist (born [[1856 in literature|1856]])
*[[March 7]] – [[Pauline Johnson]], Canadian poet (born [[1861 in literature|1861]])
*[[March 13]]
**[[Thomas Krag]], Norwegian novelist, dramatist and short story writer (born [[1868 in literature|1868]])
**[[Jane Marsh Parker]], American novelist and religious writer (born [[1836 in literature|1836]])
*[[April 4]] – [[Edward Dowden]], Irish critic and poet (born [[1843 in literature|1843]])
*[[May 8]] – [[Charlotte Louisa Hawkins Dempster]], Scottish novelist and essayist (born [[1835 in literature|1835]])
*[[June 2]] – [[Alfred Austin]], English poet and [[Poet Laureate]] (born [[1835 in literature|1835]])
*[[June 13]] – [[Camille Lemonnier]], Belgian poet and journalist (born [[1844 in literature|1844]])
*[[July 8]] – [[Louis Hémon]], French novelist (rail accident, born [[1880 in literature|1880]])
*[[July 16]] — [[Esther Saville Allen]], American author (b. [[1837]])
*[[October 9]] – [[D. Iacobescu]], Romanian poet (born [[1893 in literature|1893]])
*[[October 19]] – [[Emily Lawless]], Irish-born modernist novelist and poet (born [[1845 in literature|1845]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Vivien Igoe|title=A Literary Guide to Dublin: Writers in Dublin : Literary Associations and Anecdotes|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f1IfAQAAIAAJ|year=1994|publisher=Methuen|isbn=978-0-413-67420-3|page=142}}</ref>
*[[November 26]] – [[Frances Julia Wedgwood]], English feminist novelist, biographer and critic (born [[1833 in literature|1833]])
*[[December 1]] – [[Juhan Liiv]], Estonian poet and short story writer (born [[1864 in literature|1864]])
*[[December 5]] – [[Ferdinand Dugué]], French poet and playwright (born [[1816 in literature|1816]])
*[[December 11]] – [[Ioan Kalinderu]], Romanian classical scholar, jurist and agriculturalist (born [[1840 in literature|1840]])

==Awards==
*[[Nobel Prize for Literature]]: [[Rabindranath Tagore]]
*[[Newdigate prize]]: [[Maurice Roy Ridley]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

{{Year in literature article categories}}