Editing 1916 in literature

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{{Year nav topic5|1916|literature|poetry}}

This article contains information about the literary persons, events and publications of '''1916'''.

==Events==
*January
** ''[[Journal of African American History|The Journal of Negro History]]'' is founded by [[Carter G. Woodson]], father of "Black History" and "Negro History Week" in the [[United States]].<ref>{{Cite journal |url=http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/1/3/6/4/13642/13642.txt |journal=Project Gutenberg |title=''The Journal of Negro History'' |editor=Woodson, Carter G. |volume=I |accessdate=2013-05-21 |date=January 1916}}</ref>
**[[Ryūnosuke Akutagawa]]'s short story ''[[The Nose (Akutagawa short story)|The Nose]]'' is published in a student magazine.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jlit.net/authors_works/akutagawa_ryunosuke.html |title=Akutagawa Ryunosuke |accessdate=2008-09-27 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081022011134/http://www.jlit.net/authors_works/akutagawa_ryunosuke.html |archivedate=2008-10-22 }}</ref>
*[[March 1]] – The [[National Library of Wales]] completes its transfer to purpose-built premises in [[Aberystwyth]].<ref>{{Cite book |authorlink=David Jenkins (librarian) |first=David |last=Jenkins |title=A Refuge in Peace and War: The National Library of Wales to 1952 |location=Aberystwyth |publisher=National Library of Wales |year=2002 |isbn=1-86225-034-0 |page=168}}</ref>
*[[March 22]] – [[J. R. R. Tolkien]] and [[Edith Bratt]] marry at [[St Mary Immaculate Roman Catholic Church, Warwick]], England. They will serve as inspiration for the fictional characters [[Beren]] and [[Lúthien]]. Tolkien leaves for military service in France at the beginning of June.
*[[March 30]] – [[Don Marquis]] introduces the characters [[Archy and Mehitabel]] in "The Sun Dial" column in [[The Sun (New York City)|''The Evening Sun'' (New York City)]]. Archy is a poetry-writing [[cockroach]] unable to operate the typewriter [[shift key]]; Mehitabel is a cat.
*April–June – [[Katherine Mansfield]] and [[John Middleton Murry]] live as neighbours to [[D. H. Lawrence|D. H.]] and [[Frieda Lawrence]] at Higher Tregerthen, near [[Zennor]] in Cornwall (England).<ref>{{Cite journal |url=https://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-Whi071Kota-t1-g1-t8.html |title=Katherine Mansfield, 1888–1923 |first=Joanna |last=Woods |publisher=[[Victoria University of Wellington]] |journal=New Zealand Notes and Queries |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=63–98 |year=2007 |doi=10.26686/knznq.v7i1.776 |accessdate=2015-12-13|doi-access=free }}</ref>
*[[April 24]]–[[April 30|30]] – In the [[Easter Rising]] in [[Ireland]], members of the [[Irish Republican Brotherhood]] [[Proclamation of the Irish Republic|proclaim an Irish Republic]] and the [[Irish Volunteers]] and [[Irish Citizen Army]] occupy the [[General Post Office (Dublin)|General Post Office]] and other buildings in [[Dublin]], before surrendering to the [[British Army]]. Of the seven subsequently executed leaders of the Rising, [[Thomas MacDonagh]], [[Patrick Pearse]] and [[Joseph Plunkett]] are poets and [[James Connolly]] a balladeer and playwright. The events are the theme of [[W. B. Yeats]]' poem "[[Easter, 1916]]", first published this September.
*[[May 16]] – [[Natsume Sōseki]]'s novel ''[[Light and Darkness (novel)|Light and Darkness]]'' (明暗, ''Mei An'') begins to be serialized in the [[Tokyo]] and [[Osaka]] editions of the newspaper ''[[Asahi Shimbun]]'', but will remain unfinished at the author's death on [[December 9]], aged 49.
*[[July 1]]
**The poets [[W. N. Hodgson]], [[Will Streets]], [[Gilbert Waterhouse]], Henry Field, Alfred Ratcliffe, Alexander Robertson and Bernard White are among 19,000 British soldiers killed on the [[First day on the Somme]] alone.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Poets Killed on the First Day of the Somme |url=http://www.scuttlebuttsmallchow.com/killedsomme.html |work=Poetry of the First World War|accessdate=2013-05-21 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110522142845/http://www.scuttlebuttsmallchow.com/killedsomme.html |archivedate=2011-05-22}}</ref> The same day is chosen for the death of fictitious poet Cecil Valance in [[Alan Hollinghurst]]'s [[2011 in literature|2011]] novel ''[[The Stranger's Child]]''. The [[Battle of the Somme]] continues until [[October 18]], during which time American poet [[Alan Seeger]] (serving with the French), Irish writer [[Tom Kettle]], English poet [[Edward Tennant (poet)|Edward Tennant]], English short story writer [[Saki]] and English bowler [[Percy Jeeves]] (whose name P. G. Wodehouse borrowed for his character) are all killed. The English writer [[Robert Graves]], novelist [[Stuart Cloete]], playwright/actor [[Arnold Ridley]] and artist/poet [[David Jones (artist-poet)|David Jones]] are seriously injured – Graves is for a time believed killed. [[Ford Madox Hueffer]] suffers concussion and shell shock. [[A. A. Milne]] and J. R. R. Tolkien are invalided out. The English poet [[Siegfried Sassoon]] wins the [[Military Cross]]. The [[Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders|Cameron Highlander]] [[Dòmhnall Ruadh Chorùna]] composes the [[Scottish Gaelic]] [[love song]] ''[[An Eala Bhàn]]'' (The White Swan) in the [[oral literature]] tradition. The future U.K. Prime Minister [[Harold Macmillan]] is wounded in September's [[Battle of Flers–Courcelette]]; sheltering in a [[slit trench]], he reads [[Aeschylus]] in the original Greek.
**[[W. B. Yeats]] makes his fifth and final proposal of marriage to the newly widowed [[Maud Gonne]] in France.
*c. July–December – Poets [[Terence MacSwiney]] and [[Darrell Figgis]] are among [[Irish republican]]s detained in [[Reading Gaol]] (England) following the [[Easter Rising]].<ref>{{cite news|authorlink=Maev Kennedy|first=Maev|last=Kennedy|title=Jailer complained about noisy Easter Rising prisoners, letter reveals|url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2016/apr/21/easter-rising-jailer-singing-letter-reading-gaol|work=[[The Guardian]]|location=London|date=2016-04-21|accessdate=2024-03-10}}</ref>
*Summer – In the United States, 15-year-old [[Margaret Mitchell]] writes a [[novella]] called ''[[Lost Laysen]]'' in two notebooks. She will later give the manuscript to a boyfriend and the book remains lost until the mid-1990s. It is published in [[1996 in literature|1996]]. Meanwhile, Mitchell will go on to write ''[[Gone with the Wind (novel)|Gone with the Wind]]''.
*September – [[Joseph Conrad]]'s novella ''[[The Shadow Line (novel)|The Shadow Line]]'' begins to be serialized in ''[[The English Review]]'' (London) and the [[Metropolitan Magazine (New York)|''Metropolitan Magazine'' (New York)]].
*[[October 6]] – The poet [[Perpessicius]] loses his right arm fighting for the Romanians in a skirmish at [[Topraisar|Muratan]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ene |first=Ileana |editor-last=Perpessicius |editor-link=Perpessicius |title=Studii eminesciene |publisher=Museum of Romanian Literature |location=Bucharest |year=2001 |page=14 |chapter=Tabel cronologic |isbn=973-8031-34-6}}</ref>
*[[October 19]] – New premises for the [[German National Library]] open in [[Leipzig]].
*December – The first of many editions of [[Robert Baden-Powell]]'s ''[[The Wolf Cub's Handbook]]'' is published.<ref>{{cite book|author=Shirley A. Scott|title=Canada Knits: Craft and Comfort in a Northern Land|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6sZKAAAAYAAJ|year=1990|publisher=McGraw-Hill Ryerson|isbn=978-0-07-549973-2|page=97}}</ref>
*[[December 29]] – [[James Joyce]]'s semi-autobiographical novel ''[[A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man]]'' is first published complete in book form, in [[New York City|New York]] by [[B. W. Huebsch]].

==New books==
===Fiction===
*[[Sholem Aleichem]] – ''In America'' (אין אַמעריקע, ''In amerike''), second part of ''[[Motl, Peysi the Cantor's Son]]: The Writings of an Orphan Boy'' (מאָטל פּייסי דעם חזנס; כתבֿים פֿון אַ ייִנגל אַ יתום, {{transliteration|yi|Motl peysi dem khazns: ksovim fun a yingl a yosem}})
*[[Sherwood Anderson]] – ''[[Windy McPherson's Son]]''
*[[Ruby M. Ayres]] 
**''The Road That Bends''
**''Paper Roses''
**''A Man of His Word''
**''The Year After''
*[[Henri Barbusse]] – ''[[Under Fire (Barbusse novel)|Under Fire]] (Le Feu)''
*[[Arnold Bennett]] – ''[[The Clayhanger Family|These Twain]]''
*[[E. F. Benson]]
**''David Blaize''
**''Mike''
**''The Freaks of Mayfair''
*[[Adrien Bertrand]] – ''L'Appel du sol''
*[[John Edward Bruce]] – ''The Awakening of Hezekiah Jones''
*[[Mary Grant Bruce]] – ''Captain Jim''
*[[Thomas Burke (author)|Thomas Burke]] – ''[[Limehouse Nights]]'' (including "[[Beryl and the Croucher]]", "The Chink and the Child" and "Gina of the Chinatown")
*[[Gilbert Cannan]] – ''Mendel: a story of youth''
*[[Ethel M. Dell]] – ''[[The Bars of Iron]]''
*[[Alfred Döblin]] – ''[[The Three Leaps of Wang Lun]]'' (''Die drei Sprünge des Wang-lun'', dated 1915)
*[[Ronald Firbank]] – ''Inclinations'' 
*[[Walter Flex]] – ''[[:de:Der Wanderer zwischen beiden Welten|Der Wanderer zwischen beiden Welten]]'' (The Wanderer between Two Worlds)
*[[Charlotte Perkins Gilman]] – ''[[With Her in Ourland]]''
*[[Elinor Glyn]] – ''The Career of Katherine Bush''
*[[Sarah Grand]] – ''The Winged Victory''
*[[Louis Hémon]] – ''[[Maria Chapdelaine]]''
*[[Hermann Hesse]] – ''Schön ist die Jugend''
*[[William Dean Howells]] – ''The Leatherwood God''
*[[James Joyce]] – ''[[A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man]]''
*[[Franz Kafka]] – ''[[The Metamorphosis]]'' (''Die Verwandlung'', first book publication)
*[[Frigyes Karinthy]]
**''Please, Sir! (Tanár úr, kérem)''
**''[[Voyage to Faremido]] (Utazás Faremidóba)''<ref>{{cite book|author=Albert Tezla|title=Hungarian Authors; a Bibliographical Handbook|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aOK0vb9WwaIC&pg=PA288|year=1970|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=978-0-674-42650-4|pages=288}}</ref>
*[[Grace King]] – ''The Pleasant Ways of St. Medard''
*[[Ring Lardner]] – ''[[You Know Me Al]]''
* [[Gaston Leroux]] – ''[[Chéri-Bibi and Cécily]]''
*[[Ada Leverson]] – ''Love At Second Sight''
*[[Benito Lynch]] – ''[[The Caranchos of Florida (novel)|The Caranchos of Florida]]''
*[[I. I. Mironescu]] – ''Sandu Hurmuzel'' (short stories)
*[[George Moore (novelist)|George Moore]] – ''The Brook Kerith: A Syrian Story''
*[[Mori Ōgai]] – ''Takasebune (高瀬舟 The Boat on the Takase River)''
*[[Baroness Orczy]] – ''Leatherface''
*[[Henrik Pontoppidan]] – ''De dødes Rige'' (The Realm of the Dead; publication concludes)
*[[Dorothy Richardson]] – ''Backwater''
*[[Berta Ruck]] – ''In Another Girl's Shoes''
*[[Ruth Sawyer]] – ''Seven Miles to Arden''
*[[May Sinclair]] – ''Tasker Jevons''
*[[Rabindranath Tagore]] – ''[[The Home and the World]]'' (ঘরে বাইরে, ''Ghôre Baire'')
*[[Booth Tarkington]] – [[Seventeen (Tarkington novel)|''Seventeen: A Tale of Youth and Summer Time and the Baxter Family Especially William'']]
*[[Mark Twain]] – ''[[The Mysterious Stranger]]'' (completed posthumously)
*[[Eduard Vilde]] – ''[[Mäeküla piimamees]]'' (The Milkman of Mäeküla)
*[[Edgar Wallace]] 
**''[[A Debt Discharged]]''
**''[[The Tomb of Ts'in]]''
*[[Mary Augusta Ward|Mrs Humphry Ward]] – ''Lady Connie''
*[[Mary Webb]] – ''The Golden Arrow''
*[[H. G. Wells]] – ''[[Mr. Britling Sees It Through]]''
*[[Francis Brett Young]] – ''[[The Iron Age (novel)|The Iron Age]]''

===Children and young people===
*[[L. Frank Baum]]
**''[[Rinkitink in Oz]]''
**''[[The Bluebird Books|Mary Louise]]'' (as Edith Van Dyne)
*[[Frances Hodgson Burnett]] - ''The Little Hunchback Zia''
*[[Edgar Rice Burroughs]] – ''[[The Beasts of Tarzan]]''
*[[Dorothy Canfield Fisher]] – ''[[Understood Betsy]]''
*[[May Gibbs]] – ''Gumnut Babies''

===Drama===
<onlyinclude>
*[[Jacinto Benavente]] – ''[[:es:Campo de armiño|Campo de armiño]]'' (Ermine Field)
*[[Hall Caine]] 
**''The Prime Minister''
**''The Iron Hand'' (also known as ''The Call of the King'')
*[[Luigi Chiarelli]] – ''[[La maschera e il volto]]: grottesco in tre atti'' (The Mask and the Face)
*[[Ernest Fenollosa]] and [[Ezra Pound]] (translated & edited) – ''Certain Noble Plays of Japan'' (published)
*[[Susan Glaspell]] – ''[[Trifles]]''
*[[Harley Granville-Barker]] – ''Farewell to the Theatre''
*[[Sacha Guitry]] – ''[[Let's Make a Dream (play)|Let's Make a Dream]]''
*[[Walter Hackett]] - ''[[The Barton Mystery (play)|The Barton Mystery]]''
*[[Franz Kafka]] – ''[[The Warden of the Tomb]]'' (''Der Gruftwächter''; writing commenced)
*[[Jack London]] – ''The Acorn Planter: A California Forest Play''
*[[André de Lorde]] – ''Le Laboratoire des hallucinations''
*[[Gregorio Martínez Sierra]] – ''El reino de Dios'' (The Kingdom of God)
*[[Allan Monkhouse]] – ''Night Watches: a comedy in one act''
*[[Eden Phillpotts]] – ''[[The Farmer's Wife (play)|The Farmer's Wife]]''
*[[Sophie Treadwell]] – ''[[Claws (play)|Claws]]''
*[[W. B. Yeats]] – ''[[At the Hawk's Well]]'' (private performance)</onlyinclude>

===Poetry===
{{Main|1916 in poetry}}
*[[Pauline B. Barrington]] — "Education"
*[[Robert Frost]] – ''[[Mountain Interval]]''
*[[Yvan Goll]] – ''Requiem pour les morts de l'Europe''
*[[Joseph Lee (poet)|Joseph Lee]] – ''Ballads of Battle''
*[[Amy Lowell]] – ''Men, Women, and Ghosts''
*[[Antonio Machado]] – ''Campos de Castilla'' (revised edition)
*[[Charlotte Mew]] – ''[[The Farmer's Bride]]''
*[[Ezra Pound]] – ''Lustra''
*[[Carl Sandburg]] – ''[[Chicago Poems]]''
*[[Muriel Stuart]] – ''Christ at Carnival and Other Poems''
*[[Katharine Tynan]] – ''Holy War''
*[[Gilbert Waterhouse]] – ''Rail-Head and other poems'' (published posthumously)
*[[W. B. Yeats]] – "[[Easter, 1916]]" (written)
*[[Sergei Yesenin]] – Радуница (''Radunitsa'', Ritual for the Dead)

===Non-fiction===
*[[Max Aitken, Lord Beaverbrook|Max Aitken]] – ''Canada in Flanders''
*[[Hall Caine]] – ''Our Girls: Their Work for the War''
*[[Max Dvořák]] – ''Katechismus der Denkmalpflege'' (Catechism of Historical Preservation)
*[[Ferdinand de Saussure]] (posthumous) – ''[[Course in General Linguistics|Cours de linguistique générale]]''
*[[Albert Einstein]] – "Die Grundlage der allgemeinen Relativitätstheorie" (The Groundwork of [[General relativity|General Relativity]]), ''[[Annalen der Physik]]'' '''49'''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.alberteinstein.info/gallery/gtext3.html|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060829045130/http://www.alberteinstein.info/gallery/gtext3.html|archive-date = 2006-08-29|title = Albert Einstein Archives}}</ref>
*[[Ernest Fenollosa]] and [[Ezra Pound]] – ''Noh, or, Accomplishment: A Study of the Classical Stage of Japan''
*[[Israel Gollancz]] (ed.) – ''A Book of Homage to Shakespeare''
*[[Madison Grant]] – ''[[The Passing of the Great Race|The Passing of the Great Race; or, The Racial Basis of European History]]''
*[[Ellen La Motte]] – ''The Backwash of War''
*Sydney Loch (as Sydney De Loghe) – ''[[The Straits Impregnable]]'' (military autobiography; 1st edition, published as fiction)
*Sir [[Oliver Lodge]] – ''Raymond; or, Life and Death, with Evidence for Survival of Memory and Affection after Death''
*[[Ezra Pound]] – ''Gaudier-Brzeska: A Memoir''
*[[George Barbu Știrbei]] – ''Feuilles d'automne et feuilles d'hiver'' (Autumn Leaves and Winter Leaves)
*[[Mary Augusta Ward|Mrs Humphry Ward]] – ''England's Effort: Six Letters to an American Friend''
*[[Frances Garnet Wolseley, 2nd Viscountess Wolseley]] – ''Women on the Land''

==Births==
*[[January 10]] – [[Bernard Binlin Dadié]], [[Ivory Coast|Ivorien]] author and politician (died 2019)
*[[February 15]] – [[Ian Ballantine]], American publisher (died [[1995 in literature|1995]])
*[[March 4]]
**[[Giorgio Bassani]], Italian author (died [[2000 in literature|2000]])
**[[Hans Eysenck]], German-born England-based psychologist (died [[1997 in literature|1997]])
*[[April 12]] – [[Beverly Cleary]], American children's author (died [[2021]])
*[[April 15]] – [[Helene Hanff]], American writer and critic (died [[1997 in literature|1997]])
*[[May 12]] – [[Albert Murray (writer)|Albert Murray]], American critic, novelist and biographer (died [[2013 in literature|2013]])
*[[May 21]] – [[Harold Robbins]], American novelist (died [[1997 in literature|1997]])
*[[May 28]] – [[Walker Percy]], American novelist (died [[1990 in literature|1990]])
*[[June 16]] – [[Barbara Skelton]], English fiction writer, memoirist and literary figure (died [[1996 in literature|1996]])
*[[July 14]] – [[Natalia Ginzburg]], Italian author (died [[1991 in literature|1991]])
*[[July 24]] – [[John D. MacDonald]], American novelist and short story writer (died [[1986 in literature|1986]])
*[[August 28]]
**[[C. Wright Mills]], American sociologist (died [[1962 in literature|1962]])
**[[Jack Vance]], American mystery, fantasy, and science fiction writer (died [[2013 in literature|2013]])
*[[September 13]] – [[Roald Dahl]], Welsh-born children's author (died [[1990 in literature|1990]])<ref>{{cite ODNB |title=Dahl, Roald (1916–1990), writer of fiction |url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-39827 |year=2004 |access-date=9 January 2022 |language=en |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/39827|isbn=978-0-19-861412-8 }}</ref>
*[[September 14]] – [[Eric Bentley]], English-born American drama critic (died [[2020 in literature|2020]])
*[[September 17]] – [[Mary Stewart (novelist)|Mary Stewart]] (Mary Rainbow), English romantic suspense novelist (died [[2014 in literature|2014]])
*[[September 19]] – [[Giles Romilly]], English journalist (died [[1967 in literature|1967]])
*[[September 25]] – [[Jessica Anderson (writer)|Jessica Anderson]], Australian novelist and short story writer (died [[2010 in literature|2010]])
*[[September 27]] – [[S. Yizhar]] (Yizhar Smilansky), Israeli author (died [[2006 in literature|2006]])
*[[October 3]] – [[James Herriot]] (James Alfred Wight), English writer and veterinary surgeon (died [[1995 in literature|1995]])
*[[October 10]] – [[David Gascoyne]], English Surrealist poet (died [[2001 in literature|2001]])
*[[October 11]] – [[Ahmad Abd al-Ghafur Attar]],  Saudi Arabian writer, journalist and poet (died [[1991 in literature|1991]])
*[[October 12]] – [[Alice Childress]], African American playwright, actress and novelist (died [[1994 in literature|1994]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Obituary: Alice Childress |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-alice-childress-1379512.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-alice-childress-1379512.html |archive-date=2022-05-01 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |website=The Independent |access-date=25 May 2021 |language=en |date=2011-09-18}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
*[[November 7]] – [[Ian Niall]] (John Kincaid McNeillie), Scottish novelist and non-fiction writer (died [[2002 in literature|2002]])
*[[November 18]] – [[Peter Weiss]], German writer, painter and filmmaker (died [[1982 in literature|1982]])
*[[November 24]] – [[James Pope-Hennessy]], English biographer and travel writer (murdered [[1974 in literature|1974]])
*[[December 14]] – [[Shirley Jackson]], American novelist and short story writer (died [[1965 in literature|1965]])
*[[December 17]] – [[Penelope Fitzgerald]] (Penelope Knox), English novelist (died [[2000 in literature|2000]])
*[[December 30]] – [[Lili Berger]], Yiddish writer, antifascist militant and literary critic (died [[1996 in literature|1996]])

==Deaths==
*[[January 27]] – [[C. Morton Horne]], Irish writer and performer (killed in action, born [[1885 in literature|1885]])
*[[February 6]] – [[Rubén Darío]], Nicaraguan poet (born [[1867 in literature|1867]])
*[[February 12]] – [[John Townsend Trowbridge]], American author (born [[1827 in literature|1827]])
*[[February 28]] – [[Henry James]], American-born novelist (born [[1843 in literature|1843]])
*[[April 19]] – [[Emily Lee Sherwood Ragan]], American author and journalist (born [[1839 in literature|1839]])
*[[April 26]] – [[Mário de Sá-Carneiro]], Portuguese novelist and poet (suicide, born [[1890 in literature|1890]])
*[[May 3]] – [[Patrick Pearse]], poet and Irish nationalist leader (executed, born [[1879 in literature|1879]])
*[[May 13]] – [[Sholem Aleichem]], Ukrainian-born humorist (born [[1859 in literature|1859]])
*[[May 25]] – [[Jane Dieulafoy]], French archaeologist and novelist (born [[1851 in literature|1851]])
*[[May 28]] (May 15 [[Old Style and New Style dates|O.S.]]) – [[Ivan Franko]], Ukrainian writer, translator and political activist (born [[1856 in literature|1856]])
*[[May 31]] – [[Gorch Fock (author)|Gorch Fock]] (Johann Wilhelm Kinau), German poet and novelist (killed in action, born [[1880 in literature|1880]])
*[[June 4]] – [[Emma Rood Tuttle]], American writer and poet (born [[1839 in literature|1839]])
*[[June 7]] – [[Émile Faguet]], French critic (born [[1847 in literature|1847]])
*[[June 30]] – [[Eunice Gibbs Allyn]], American correspondent, author, songwriter (born [[1847 in literature|1847]])
*[[July 1]]
**[[W. N. Hodgson]] (Edward Melbourne), English war poet (killed in action, born [[1893 in literature|1893]])
**[[Gilbert Waterhouse]], English architect and war poet (killed in action, born [[1883 in literature|1883]])
*[[August 8]] – [[Lily Braun]] (Amalie von Kretschmann), German feminist writer (born [[1865 in literature|1865]])
*[[August 27]] – [[Petar Kočić]], Bosnian novelist and politician (born [[1877 in literature|1877]])
*[[September 7]] – [[Annie Le Porte Diggs]], Canadian-born American activist, journalist, author (born [[1853 in literature|1853]])
*[[September 22]] – [[Edward Tennant (poet)|Edward Tennant]], English war poet (killed in action, born [[1897 in literature|1897]])
*[[October 7]] – [[James Whitcomb Riley]], American poet (born [[1849 in literature|1849]])
*[[October 21]] – [[Olindo Guerrini]], Italian poet (born [[1845 in literature|1845]])
*[[October 25]] – [[John Todhunter]], Irish poet and dramatist (born [[1839 in literature|1839]])
*[[November 14]] – [[Saki]] (H. H. Munro), English short-story writer (killed in action, born [[1870 in literature|1870]])
*[[November 15]] – [[Molly Elliot Seawell]], American novelist (born [[1860 in literature|1860]])
*[[November 20]] – [[Lucie Fulton Isaacs]], American writer, philanthropist, suffragist (born [[1841 in literature|1841]])
*[[November 22]] – [[Jack London]], American novelist (born [[1876 in literature|1876]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Jack London's death certificate, from County Record's Office, Sonoma Co., Nov. 22, 1916. |date=November 22, 1916 |publisher=The Jack London Online Collection |url=http://london.sonoma.edu/Documents/I0040981.html |access-date=August 14, 2014 |ref={{sfnRef|The Jack London Online Collection: Jack London's death certificate}} |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150427111702/http://london.sonoma.edu/Documents/I0040981.html |archive-date=April 27, 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*[[November 27]] – [[Émile Verhaeren]], Belgian Symbolist poet (born [[1855 in literature|1855]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Russell T. Clement|author2=Annick Houzé|author3=Annick Houze|title=Neo-impressionist Painters: A Sourcebook on Georges Seurat, Camille Pissarro, Paul Signac, Théo Van Rysselberghe, Henri Edmond Cross, Charles Angrand, Maximilien Luce, and Albert Dubois-Pillet|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VlEbAeM1wasC&pg=PA331|year=1999|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-30382-1|pages=331}}</ref>
*[[December 9]] – [[Natsume Sōseki]], Japanese novelist (born [[1867 in literature|1867]])

==Awards==
*[[Nobel Prize in Literature]]: [[Carl Gustaf Verner von Heidenstam]] (Swedish)<ref>{{cite web |title=Verner von Heidenstam {{!}} Swedish author |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Verner-von-Heidenstam |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=25 May 2021 |language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==See also==
*[[World War I in literature]]

{{Year in literature article categories}}