Editing 1954 in literature

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{{Year nav topic5|1954|literature|poetry}}

This article contains information about the literary events and publications of '''1954'''.
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==Events==
*January – [[Kingsley Amis]]'s first novel, the comic [[campus novel]] ''[[Lucky Jim]]'', is published by [[Victor Gollancz Ltd]] in London.<ref name="Leader2002">{{cite book|author=Zachary Leader|title=On Modern British Fiction|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tVnVkO8jdvsC&pg=PA62|year=2002|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-924933-6|pages=62}}</ref>
*[[January 7]] – The [[Georgetown–IBM experiment]] is the first public demonstration of a [[machine translation]] system, held in New York at the IBM head office.
*[[January 25]] – [[Dylan Thomas]]'s radio play ''[[Under Milk Wood]]'' is first broadcast in the U.K. on the [[BBC Third Programme]], two months after its author's death, with [[Richard Burton]] as "First Voice".
*February – ''[[The London Magazine]]'' is revived as a [[literary magazine]], with [[John Lehmann]] as editor.
*[[March 31]] – [[A. L. Zissu]] is sentenced in [[Bucharest]] to life imprisonment for "conspiring against the social order". This has been a focal point in the [[anti-Zionist]] clampdown in [[Communist Romania]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Glass |first=Hildrun |editor1-last=Rotman |editor1-first=Liviu |editor2-last=Crăciun |editor2-first=Camelia |editor3-last=Vasiliu |editor3-first=Ana-Gabriela |title=Noi perspective în istoriografia evreilor din România |publisher=Federation of Jewish Communities of Romania & Editura Hasefer |location=Bucharest |year=2010 |page=166 |chapter=Câteva note despre activitatea lui Avram L. Zissu}}</ref>
*[[May 29]] – The rediscovered and restored early 17th-century [[Corral de comedias de Almagro]] in Spain is re-inaugurated with a play by [[Calderon de la Barca]].<ref>{{Citation |title=Boletin de la Real Academia de la Historia |volume=CXCVIII |issue=iii |year=2001 |location=Madrid |pages=352–546 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kkC4xH3-mZoC&pg=PA534|oclc=1460620|language=es}}.</ref>
*[[June 16]] – The first public celebration of "[[Bloomsday]]" takes place in [[Dublin]]: writers [[Flann O'Brien]], [[Patrick Kavanagh]] and [[Anthony Cronin]] travel in a horse-drawn coach, stopping at numerous bars to retrace the steps of the characters from [[James Joyce]]'s novel ''[[Ulysses (novel)|Ulysses]]''.
*[[June 22]] – In the [[Parker–Hulme murder case]], the 15-year-old Julia Hulme, a future writer of English [[historical novel|historical]] [[detective fiction]] as [[Anne Perry]], takes part in the murder of her best friend's mother in [[Christchurch]], New Zealand.
*[[July 29]] – The first volume of [[J. R. R. Tolkien]]'s [[Epic (genre)|epic]] ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' – ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]'' – is published in London by George Allen & Unwin. ''[[The Two Towers]]'' follows on November 11 and publication will be completed in [[1955 in literature|1955]]. By 2007, 150 million copies will have been sold worldwide.<ref>{{Cite news |first=Vit |last=Wagner |url=https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/article/203389 |title=Tolkien proves he's still the king |newspaper=[[Toronto Star]] |date=2007-04-16 |access-date=2014-06-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110309035210/http://www.thestar.com/entertainment/article/203389 |archive-date=2011-03-09 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
*[[September 1]] – [[Lawrence Quincy Mumford]] becomes the U.S.[[Librarian of Congress]].
*[[September 17]] – [[William Golding]]'s first novel, the [[allegorical]] [[Utopian and dystopian fiction#Dystopian fiction|dystopian]] ''[[Lord of the Flies]]'', is published by [[Faber and Faber]] in London.
*[[September 22]] – [[Terence Rattigan]]'s two linked plays ''[[Separate Tables]]'' is first performed, at [[St James's Theatre]], London.
*[[October 30]] – [[John Updike]]'s first story for ''[[The New Yorker]]'', "Friends from Philadelphia", is published. He graduates from [[Harvard]] with a thesis on [[George Herbert]], and begins a year's [[Frank Knox Memorial Fellowship]] to the [[Ruskin School of Drawing and Fine Art]] at England's [[University of Oxford]].  
*[[November 19]] – [[Brendan Behan]]'s first play, ''[[The Quare Fellow]]'' is premièred at the [[Pike Theatre]], Dublin.
*''unknown date'' – [[Jack Kerouac]] reads [[Buddhism in the United States#Dwight Goddard|Dwight Goddard]]'s ''A Buddhist Bible'' (1932, found in San Jose library), which will influence him greatly.

==New books==
<!-- (''Title of published book translation''), ("Title of published poem/story translation"), (Literal translation of title) -->
===Fiction===
*[[Kingsley Amis]] – ''[[Lucky Jim]]''<ref name="Leader2002"/>
*[[Poul Anderson]] – ''[[The Broken Sword]]''
* [[Thomas Armstrong (author)|Thomas Armstrong]] – ''[[Pilling Always Pays]]''
*[[Isaac Asimov]] – ''[[The Caves of Steel]]''
*[[Hamilton Basso]] – ''[[The View from Pompey's Head]]''
*[[John Bingham (author)|John Bingham]] – ''[[The Third Skin]]''
*[[Boileau-Narcejac]] – ''[[The Living and the Dead (Boileau-Narcejac novel)|The Living and the Dead]] (D'entre les morts)''
*[[Lucy M. Boston]] – ''Yew Hall''
*[[Pierre Boulle]] – ''[[The Bridge over the River Kwai]] (Le Pont de la Rivière Kwaï)''
*[[Taylor Caldwell]] – ''Never Victorious, Never Defeated''
*[[Victor Canning]] – ''[[Castle Minerva]]''
*[[John Dickson Carr]]
**''The Third Bullet and Other Stories''
**''[[The Exploits of Sherlock Holmes]]'' (with [[Adrian Conan Doyle]])
*  [[Henry Cecil Leon|Henry Cecil]] – ''[[According to the Evidence]]''
*[[Agatha Christie]] – ''[[Destination Unknown (novel)|Destination Unknown]]''
*[[Robertson Davies]] – ''[[Leaven of Malice]]''
* [[Cecil Day-Lewis]] – ''[[The Whisper in the Gloom]]''
*[[Simone de Beauvoir]] – ''[[The Mandarins]] (Les Mandarins)''
*[[Daphne du Maurier]] – ''[[Mary Anne (novel)|Mary Anne]]''
*[[Ian Fleming]] – ''[[Live and Let Die (novel)|Live and Let Die]]''
*[[Max Frisch]] – ''[[I'm Not Stiller]] (Stiller)''
*[[Anthony Gilbert (author)|Anthony Gilbert]] – ''[[Snake in the Grass (novel)|Snake in the Grass]]''
*[[William Golding]] – ''[[Lord of the Flies]]''
*[[Richard Gordon (English author)|Richard Gordon]] – ''[[The Captain's Table (novel)|The Captain's Table]]''
*[[Walter Greenwood]] – ''[[What Everybody Wants]]''
*[[James Hadley Chase]] – ''[[The Sucker Punch]]''
* [[Cyril Hare]] – ''[[That Yew Tree's Shade]]''
*[[Joan Henry]] – ''[[Yield to the Night (novel)|Yield to the Night]]''
*[[Hergé]] – ''[[Explorers on the Moon]] (On a marché sur la Lune)''
*[[Hwang Sun-won]] – ''[[The Descendants of Cain]]'' (카인의 후예)
*[[Mac Hyman]] – ''[[No Time for Sergeants]]''
*[[Hammond Innes]] – ''[[The Strange Land]]''
*[[Michael Innes]] – ''[[Appleby Talking]]''
*[[Randall Jarrell]] – ''[[Pictures from an Institution]]: a comedy''
*[[Elizabeth Jenkins (writer)|Elizabeth Jenkins]] – ''The Tortoise and the Hare''
*[[Yasunari Kawabata]] (川端 康成) – ''[[The Sound of the Mountain]]'' (''Yama no Oto''; serialization concludes)
*[[Frances Parkinson Keyes]] – ''The Royal Box''
*[[Kalki Krishnamurthy]]
**''Amara Thara''
**''[[Ponniyin Selvan]]'' (பொன்னியின் செல்வன், "The Son of Ponni"; publication concludes)
*[[Manuel Mujica Láinez]] – ''[[La casa]] (The House)''
*[[George Lamming]] – ''[[The Emigrants (Lamming novel)|The Emigrants]]''
*[[Jacques Laurent]] – ''[[Mata Hari's Daughter (novel)|Mata Hari's Daughter]]''
*[[Camara Laye]] – ''Le Regard du roi''
*[[Ira Levin]] – ''[[A Kiss Before Dying (novel)|A Kiss Before Dying]]''
*[[Astrid Lindgren]] – ''[[Mio, My Son]]''
*[[E. C. R. Lorac]] 
** ''[[Let Well Alone]]''
** ''[[Shroud of Darkness (novel)|Shroud of Darkness]]''
*[[Ross Macdonald]] – ''[[Find a Victim]]''
*[[Compton Mackenzie]] – ''[[Ben Nevis Goes East]]''
*[[Kamala Markandaya]] – ''[[Nectar in a Sieve]]''
*[[John Masters]] – ''[[Bhowani Junction]]''
*[[Richard Matheson]] – ''[[I Am Legend (book)|I Am Legend]]''
*[[John Metcalfe (writer)|John Metcalfe]] – ''[[The Feasting Dead]]''
*[[James A. Michener]] – ''[[Sayonara]]''
*[[Paul Morand]] – ''[[Hecate and Her Dogs]]''
*[[Alberto Moravia]] – ''[[Il disprezzo]] (A Ghost at Noon)''
*[[Iris Murdoch]] – ''[[Under the Net]]''
*[[Louis Pauwels]] – ''[[L'Amour monstre]]''
*[[J. B. Priestley]] – ''[[The Magicians (Priestley novel)|The Magicians]]''
*[[Maurice Procter]] – ''[[Hell Is a City (novel)|Hell Is a City]]''
*[[Marcel Proust]] – ''Jean Sauteuil'' (posthumously published)
*[[Ellery Queen]] – ''[[The Glass Village]]''
*Pauline Réage ([[Anne Desclos]]) – ''[[Story of O]] (Histoire d'O)''
*[[Mordecai Richler]] – ''The Acrobats''
*[[Lillian Roth]] – ''[[I'll Cry Tomorrow (book)|I'll Cry Tomorrow]]''
*[[Françoise Sagan]] – ''[[Bonjour Tristesse]]''<ref>No. 41 in [[Le Monde's 100 Books of the Century|''Le Monde'''s 100 Books of the Century]]. {{Cite news |url=http://www.lemonde.fr/cgi-bin/ACHATS/acheter.cgi?offre=ARCHIVES&type_item=ART_ARCH_30J&objet_id=46796 |title=Écrivains et choix sentimentaux |first=Josyane |last=Savigneau |author-link=Josyane Savigneau |newspaper=[[Le Monde]] |location=Paris |date=1999-10-15}}</ref>
*[[Ahmed Sefrioui]] – ''[[La Boîte à merveilles]]''
*[[Anya Seton]] – ''[[Katherine (Seton novel)|Katherine]]''
*[[Margit Söderholm]] – ''[[Clouds Over Hellesta]]''
*[[John Steinbeck]] – ''[[Sweet Thursday]]''
*[[Irving Stone]] – ''Love Is Eternal''
*[[Rex Stout]]
**''[[The Black Mountain (novel)|The Black Mountain]]''
**''[[Three Men Out]]''
*[[Edward Streeter]] – ''[[Mr. Hobbs Takes a Vacation]]''
*[[Julian Symons]] – ''[[The Narrowing Circle (novel)|The Narrowing Circle]]''
*[[Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar]] – ''Saatleri Ayarlama Enstitüsü'' (The Time Regulation Institute)
*[[Morton Thompson]] – ''[[Not as a Stranger]]''
*[[J. R. R. Tolkien]]
**''[[The Lord of the Rings]]: [[The Fellowship of the Ring (book)|The Fellowship of the Ring]]''
**''[[The Lord of the Rings]]: [[The Two Towers (book)|The Two Towers]]''
*[[Amos Tutuola]] – ''[[My Life in the Bush of Ghosts (novel)|My Life in the Bush of Ghosts]]''
*[[Tarjei Vesaas]] – ''[[Spring Night]]''
*[[Gore Vidal]] – ''[[Messiah (1954 novel)|Messiah]]''
*[[Douglass Wallop]] – ''[[The Year the Yankees Lost the Pennant]]''
*[[Monique Watteau]] – ''La Colère végétale''
*[[Vaughan Wilkins]] – ''[[Fanfare for a Witch]]''
*[[Frank Yerby]] 
** ''[[Benton's Row]]''
** ''[[Bride of Liberty]]''

===Children and young people===
*[[Rev. W. Awdry]] – ''[[List of Railway Series Books#Edward the Blue Engine|Edward the Blue Engine]]'' (ninth in ''[[The Railway Series]]'' of 42 books by him and his son [[Christopher Awdry]])
*[[Viola Bayley]] – ''Paris Adventure'' (first in the Adventure series of 16 books)
*[[Lucy M. Boston]] – ''The Children of Green Knowe'' (first in the Green Knowe series of six books)
*[[Eleanor Cameron]] – ''[[The Wonderful Flight to the Mushroom Planet]]''
*[[Meindert DeJong]] – ''[[The Wheel on the School]]'' (illustrated by [[Maurice Sendak]])
*[[Rumer Godden]] – ''Impunity Jane: The Story of a Pocket Doll''
*[[Joseph Krumgold]] – ''[[...And Now Miguel]]''
*[[C. S. Lewis]] – ''[[The Horse and His Boy]]''
*[[Dr. Seuss]] – ''[[Horton Hears a Who!]]''
*[[Rosemary Sutcliff]] – ''[[The Eagle of the Ninth]]''
*[[Henry Treece]]
**''Legions of the Eagle''
**''The Eagles Have Flown''
*[[Ronald Welch]] – ''Knight Crusader''

===Drama===
<onlyinclude>
*[[Tawfiq al-Hakim]] – ''El Aydi El Na'mah'' (Soft Hands)
*[[Brendan Behan]] – ''[[The Quare Fellow]]''
*[[Dharamvir Bharati]] – ''[[Andha Yug]]'' (The Blind Age)
*[[William Douglas Home]] – ''[[The Manor of Northstead]]''
* [[Peter Jones (actor)|Peter Jones]] – ''[[The Party Spirit]]''
*[[Saunders Lewis]] – ''[[Siwan (play)|Siwan]]''
* [[Ronald Millar]] – ''[[Waiting for Gillian]]''
*[[Hugh Mills (writer)|Hugh Mills]] – ''[[The Little Glass Clock]]''
*[[Terence Rattigan]] – ''[[Separate Tables]]''
*[[Reginald Rose]] – ''[[Twelve Angry Men (Westinghouse Studio One)|Twelve Angry Men]]'' (original version as live teleplay)
*[[Dylan Thomas]] – ''[[Under Milk Wood]]'' (radio play)
*[[Thornton Wilder]] – ''[[The Matchmaker]]''
*[[Herman Wouk]] – ''[[The Caine Mutiny Court-Martial (play)|The Caine Mutiny Court-Martial]]''</onlyinclude>

===Poetry===
*[[Tomas Tranströmer]] – ''[[17 Poems]] (17 dikter)''

===Non-fiction===
*[[Gordon Allport]] – ''[[The Nature of Prejudice]]''
*[[L. Sprague de Camp]] – ''[[Lost Continents]]''
*[[Rodney Collin]] – ''The Theory of Celestial Influence''
*[[Albert Einstein]] – ''Ideas and Opinions''
*[[Gerald Gardner]] – ''[[Witchcraft Today]]''
*[[Aldous Huxley]] – ''[[The Doors of Perception]]''
*[[Arthur Koestler]] – ''[[The Invisible Writing|The Invisible Writing: The Second Volume Of An Autobiography, 1932–40]]''
*[[Donald Matthews (political scientist)|D. R. Matthews]] – ''The Social Background of Political Decision-Makers''
*[[Mervyn Peake]] – ''Figures of Speech''
*[[Mihai Ralea]] – ''Caracterul antiștiințific și antiuman al psihologiei americane'' (The Anti-Science and Anti-Humanity Nature of American Psychology)
*[[A. J. P. Taylor]] – ''[[The Struggle for Mastery in Europe 1848–1918]]''
*[[Alice B. Toklas]] – ''[[The Alice B. Toklas Cookbook]]''
*[[William Kurtz Wimsatt, Jr.]] – ''Verbal Icon: Studies in the Meaning of Poetry'' (collected essays including "The Intentional Fallacy" and "The Affective Fallacy", cowritten with [[Monroe Beardsley]])<ref>{{Cite book |author1=Leitch, Vincent B. |author2=Cain, William E. |author3=Finke, Laurie A. |author4=Johnson, Barbara E. |author5=McGowan, John |author6=Williams, Jeffrey J. |chapter=William K. Wimsatt Jr. and Monroe C. Beardsley |editor=Leitch, Vincent B. |title=The Norton Anthology of Theory and Criticism |location=New York |publisher=W. W. Norton & Co |year=2001 |pages=1371–1374}}</ref>
*[[Barbara Woodhouse]]
**''Dog Training my Way''
**''Talking to Animals'' (autobiography)

==Births==
*[[January 5]] – [[László Krasznahorkai]], Hungarian novelist and screenwriter
*[[January 15]] – [[Jose Dalisay, Jr.]], Filipino writer
*[[January 29]] – [[Oprah Winfrey]], American actress and [[talk show]] host
*January – [[Cao Wenxuan]] (曹文軒), Chinese children's book writer and academic
*[[February 2]] – [[Moniza Alvi]], Pakistani-British poet and writer
*[[March 4]] – [[Irina Ratushinskaya]], Russian writer
*[[May 6]] – [[Nicholas Crane]], English writer, geographer and broadcaster
*[[March 16]] – [[S. A. Griffin]], American actor and poet
*[[March 20]]
**[[Christoph Ransmayr]], Austrian writer
**[[Louis Sachar]], American children's author
*[[April 14]] – [[Bruce Sterling]], American science-fiction writer
*[[May 5]] – [[Hamid Ismailov]], Uzbek writer
*[[May 23]] – [[Anja Snellman]], Finnish writer
*[[June 6]] – [[Cynthia Rylant]], American children's author and poet
*[[June 28]] – [[A. A. Gill]], British journalist and critic (died [[2016 in literature|2016]])
*[[July 17]] – [[J. Michael Straczynski]], American author
*[[July 26]] - [[Michael Grant (author, born 1954)|Michael Grant]], American young-adult fiction writer
*[[August 1]] – [[James Gleick]], American non-fiction author
*[[August 15]] – [[Mary Jo Salter]], American poet and academic
*[[August 17]] – [[Anatoly Kudryavitsky]], Russian-Irish writer
*[[September 14]] – [[Mikey Smith]], Jamaican dub poet (killed [[1983 in literature|1983]])
*[[November 8]] – [[Kazuo Ishiguro]], Japanese-born English novelist and Nobel laureate
*[[November 10]] – [[Marlene van Niekerk]], South African novelist
*[[November 11]] – [[Mary Gaitskill]], American novelist, essayist and short story writer
*[[November 12]] – [[Christopher Pike (author)|Christopher Pike]] (Kevin Christopher McFadden), American children's author
*[[December 3]] – [[Grace Andreacchi]], American author
*[[December 7]] – [[Mark Hofmann]], American rare book dealer, forger and murderer
*[[December 20]] – [[Sandra Cisneros]], American writer
*''unknown dates''
**[[Esther Delisle]], French Canadian author and historian
**[[Ibrahim Nasrallah]], Jordanian/Palestinian poet and novelist
**[[Roma Tearne]] (Roma Chrysostom), Sri Lankan novelist and artist

==Deaths==
*[[January 1]] – [[Duff Cooper]] (1st Viscount Norwich), English poet, biographer and politician (born [[1890 in literature|1890]])
*[[January 21]] – [[E. K. Chambers]], English literary scholar (born [[1866 in literature|1866]])
*[[January 25]] – [[M. N. Roy]], Indian philosopher and politician (born [[1887 in literature|1887]])
*[[February 2]] – [[Hella Wuolijoki]], Estonian-born Finnish writer (born [[1886 in literature|1886]])
*[[February 6]] – [[Maxwell Bodenheim]], American poet and novelist (born [[1892 in the United States|1892]]; murdered)
*[[March 28]] – [[Francis Brett Young]], English novelist and poet (born [[1884 in literature|1884]])
*[[April 8]]
**[[Juan Álvarez (historian)|Juan Álvarez]], Argentinian historian (born [[1878 in literature|1878]])
**[[Winnifred Eaton (writer)|Winnifred Eaton]], Canadian author (born [[1875 in literature|1875]])
**[[C. Fox Smith|Cicely Fox Smith]], English poet and nautical writer (born [[1882 in literature|1882]])
*[[April 19]] – [[Russell Davenport]], American journalist and publisher (born [[1899 in literature|1899]])
*[[May 3]] – [[Earnest Hooton]], American writer on anthropology (born [[1887 in literature|1887]])
*[[June 18]] – [[Constantin Beldie]], Romanian literary promoter and memoirist (born [[1887 in literature|1887]])
*[[July 13]] – [[Grantland Rice]], American sportswriter (born [[1880 in literature|1880]])
*[[July 14]] – [[Jacinto Benavente]], Spanish dramatist and Nobel laureate (born [[1866 in literature|1866]])
*[[August 2]] – [[Julián Padrón]], Venezuelan novelist, journalist and lawyer (born [[1910 in literature|1910]])
*[[August 3]] – [[Colette]], French novelist (born [[1873 in literature|1873]])
*[[September 19]] – [[Miles Franklin]], Australian novelist (born [[1879 in literature|1879]])
*[[September 29]] – [[William John Gruffydd|W. J. Gruffydd]], Welsh-language journal editor (born [[1881 in literature|1881]])
*[[October 22]] – [[Oswald de Andrade]], Brazilian poet and polemicist (born [[1890 in literature|1890]])
*[[November 17]] – [[Ludovic Dauș]], Romanian novelist and dramatist (born [[1873 in literature|1873]])
*[[December 6]] – [[Lucien Tesnière]], French grammarian (born [[1893 in literature|1893]])
*[[December 20]] – [[James Hilton (novelist)|James Hilton]], English novelist (born [[1900 in literature|1900]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Stanley Kunitz|title=Twentieth Century Authors: A Biographical Dictionary of Modern Literature. Supplement|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d9_TAAAAMAAJ|year=1955|publisher=H. W. Wilson|page=353}}</ref>

==Awards==
*[[Carnegie Medal (literary award)|Carnegie Medal]] for [[children's literature]]: [[Ronald Welch]], ''[[Knight Crusader]]''<ref>{{cite book|author=Peter Hunt|title=International Companion Encyclopedia of Children's Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7doBUwzbWh4C&pg=PA367|date=2 September 2003|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-87993-9|pages=367}}</ref>
*[[James Tait Black Memorial Prize]] for fiction: [[C. P. Snow]], ''The New Men'' and ''The Masters''
*[[James Tait Black Memorial Prize]] for biography: [[Keith Feiling]], ''[[Warren Hastings]]''
*[[Newbery Medal]] for [[children's literature]]: [[Joseph Krumgold]], ''[[...And Now Miguel]]''
*[[Nobel Prize for Literature]]: [[Ernest Hemingway|Ernest Miller Hemingway]]
*[[Premio Nadal]]: [[Francisco Alcántara]], ''La muerte sienta bien a Villalobos''
*[[Prix Goncourt]]: [[Simone de Beauvoir]], ''[[The Mandarins|Les mandarins]]''<ref>{{cite book|author1=Susan Weiner|author2=Professor Susan Weiner, MS Rdn Cde Cdn|title=Enfants Terribles: Youth and Femininity in the Mass Media in France, 1945-1968|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fAbxF0fYsrkC&pg=PA215|date=9 May 2001|publisher=JHU Press|isbn=978-0-8018-6539-8|pages=215}}</ref>
*[[Pulitzer Prize for Drama]]: [[John Patrick (dramatist)|John Patrick]], ''[[The Teahouse of the August Moon (play)|The Teahouse of the August Moon]]''
*[[Pulitzer Prize for Fiction]]: ''no award given''
*[[Pulitzer Prize for Poetry]]: [[Theodore Roethke]]: ''[[The Waking|TheWaking]]''
*[[Queen's Gold Medal for Poetry]]: [[Ralph Hodgson]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

{{Year in literature article categories}}