Editing 1999

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{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Events by month|1999}}
[[File:1999 Events Collage.png|right|Clockwise from top-left: the [[Death and state funeral of Hussein of Jordan|funeral procession]] of King [[Hussein of Jordan]] in [[Amman]]; an [[1999 İzmit earthquake|earthquake]] in [[İzmit]] kills over 17,000 people in [[Turkey]]; the [[Columbine High School massacre]], one of the first major [[List of school shootings in the United States by death toll|school shootings]] in the United States; the [[year 2000 problem]] ("Y2K"), perceived as a major concern in the lead-up to the year [[2000]]; the [[Millennium Dome]] (currently [[The O2 Arena]]) opens in [[London]]; online music downloading platform [[Napster]] is launched, soon a source of [[online piracy]]; [[NASA]] loses both the ''[[Mars Climate Orbiter]]'' and the [[Mars Polar Lander]]; a destroyed [[T-54/T-55|T-55]] [[tank]] near [[Prizren]] during the [[Kosovo War]].|300x300px|thumb]]
{{Year dab|1999}}
{{Year nav|1999}}
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{{Year article header|1999}}
<!-- This template works perfectly and replaces all of the following:
'''1999''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMXCIX]]''') was a [[common year]] that [[common year starting on Friday|started on a Friday]] (link will display full calendar). In the [[Gregorian calendar]], it was the 1999th year of [[Anno Domini]]; the 999th year of the [[2nd millennium]]; and the 99th year of the [[20th century]]. It was also the 10th and last year of the [[1990s]].-->

1999 was designated as the [[International Year of Older Persons]].
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==Events==
===January===
* [[January 1]] &ndash; The [[euro]] currency is established and the [[European Central Bank]] assumes its full powers.
* [[January 3]] &ndash; The [[Mars Polar Lander]] is launched by [[NASA]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dooling |first=Dave |title=Mars Polar Lander {{!}} United States space probe |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Mars-Polar-Lander |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210427225014/https://www.britannica.com/topic/Mars-Polar-Lander |archive-date=April 27, 2021 |access-date=27 April 2021 |website=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref>
* [[January 25]] &ndash; The 6.2 {{M|w}} [[1999 Colombia earthquake|Colombia earthquake]] hits western [[Colombia]], killing at least 1,900 people.<ref>{{Cite web |title=International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR) |url=https://www.eird.org/eng/revista/No14_99/desas3.htm |access-date=2025-03-11 |website=www.eird.org}}</ref>

===February===
* [[February 7]] &ndash; [[Abdullah II of Jordan|Abdullah II]] inherits the throne of Jordan, following the death of his father King [[Hussein of Jordan|Hussein]].<ref name="h211">{{cite web | last=Satloff | first=Robert | title=Analyzing King Abdullah's Change in the Line of Succession | website=The Washington Institute | date=2004-11-29 | url=https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/analyzing-king-abdullahs-change-line-succession | access-date=2025-03-03}}</ref>
* [[February 11]] &ndash; [[Pluto]] moves along its eccentric orbit further from the Sun than [[Neptune]]. It had been nearer than Neptune since [[1979]], and will become again in [[23rd century|2231]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Weintraub |first1=David A. |title=Is Pluto a Planet?: A Historical Journey through the Solar System |date=2014 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-1-4008-5297-0 |page=250 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dW1_AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA250}}</ref>
* [[February 12]] &ndash; U.S. President [[Bill Clinton]] is acquitted in [[Impeachment of Bill Clinton|impeachment proceedings]] in the [[United States Senate]].
* [[February 16]]
** In [[Uzbekistan]], an apparent [[1999 Tashkent bombings|assassination attempt]] against President [[Islam Karimov]] takes place at government headquarters.<ref>{{cite book|last=Cummings|first=Sally N.|year=2002|title=Power and change in Central Asia|url=https://archive.org/details/powerchangecentr00cumm|url-access=limited|page=[https://archive.org/details/powerchangecentr00cumm/page/n140 130]|publisher=Routledge |isbn=9780415255851}}</ref>
** Across Europe, [[Kurds|Kurdish]] protestors take over embassies and hold hostages after [[Turkey]] arrests one of their rebel leaders, [[Abdullah Öcalan]].
* [[February 23]]
** [[Kurds|Kurdish]] rebel leader [[Abdullah Öcalan]] is charged with [[treason]] in [[Ankara]], Turkey.
** [[1999 Galtür avalanche]]: An [[avalanche]] destroys the village of [[Galtür]], Austria, killing 31.<ref>{{Cite web |title=25 years since the avalanche winter of 1999 |url=https://www.wsl.ch/en/news/25-years-since-the-avalanche-winter-of-1999/ |access-date=2025-03-11 |website=www.wsl.ch |language=en-US}}</ref>
* [[February 27]] &ndash; While trying to circumnavigate the world in a [[hot air balloon]], Colin Prescot and Andy Elson set a new endurance record after being aloft for 233 hours and 55 minutes.

===March===
* [[March 1]]
** One of four bombs detonated in [[Lusaka]], [[Zambia]], destroys the [[Angola]]n Embassy.
** [[Rwanda]]n [[Hutu]] rebels kill and dismember eight foreign tourists at the Buhoma homestead, [[Uganda]].
** The [[Ottawa Treaty]] comes into force.
* [[March 12]] &ndash; Former [[Warsaw Pact]] members Hungary, Poland, and the Czech Republic join [[NATO]].
* [[March 15]] &ndash; The [[Santer Commission]] of the EU resigns over allegations of corruption.
* [[March 21]]
** [[Bertrand Piccard]] and [[Brian Jones (aeronaut)|Brian Jones]] become the first to circumnavigate the Earth in a [[hot air balloon]].
** The [[71st Academy Awards]] are held at the [[Dorothy Chandler Pavilion]] in [[Los Angeles]] with ''[[Shakespeare in Love]]'' winning [[Academy Award for Best Picture|Best Picture]].
* [[March 24]]
** [[NATO]] launches [[NATO bombing of Yugoslavia|air strikes]] against the [[Serbia and Montenegro|Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]], marking the first time NATO has attacked a sovereign state.
** A [[Mont Blanc Tunnel fire|fire]] in the [[Mont Blanc Tunnel]] kills 39 people, closing the tunnel for nearly three years.
* [[March 26]] &ndash; The [[Melissa (computer virus)|Melissa virus]] attacks the Internet.
* [[March 27]] &ndash; [[Kosovo War]]: A U.S. [[Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk]] is shot down by Yugoslav forces.
* [[March 29]] &ndash; For the first time, the [[Dow Jones Industrial Average]] closes above the 10,000 mark, at 10,006.78.

===April===
* [[April 1]] &ndash; [[Nunavut]], an [[Inuit]] homeland, is created from the eastern portion of the [[Northwest Territories]] to become Canada's third [[Provinces and territories of Canada|territory]].
* [[April 5]]
** Two [[Libyan Arab Jamahiriya|Libya]]ns suspected of bringing down [[Pan Am Flight 103]] in 1988 are handed over to Scottish authorities for eventual trial in the Netherlands. The [[United Nations]] suspends sanctions against Libya.
** In [[Laramie, Wyoming]], Russell Henderson pleads guilty to [[kidnapping]] and felony murder, in order to avoid a possible [[Capital punishment|death penalty]] conviction for the apparent [[hate crime]] killing of [[Matthew Shepard]].
* [[April 7]] &ndash; [[Kosovo War]]: [[Kosovo]]'s main border crossings are closed by Yugoslav forces to prevent [[Kosovo Albanians]] from leaving.
* [[April 9]] &ndash; [[Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara]], president of [[Niger]], is assassinated.
* [[April 14]] &ndash; [[Kosovo War]]: NATO warplanes repeatedly [[NATO bombing of Albanian refugees near Gjakova|bomb ethnic Albanian refugee convoys]] for 2 hours over a 12-mile stretch of road, after mistaking them for Yugoslav military trucks, between [[Đakovica]] and [[Dečani]] in western Kosovo, killing at least 73 refugees.
* [[April 20]] &ndash; [[Columbine High School massacre]]: Two [[Littleton, Colorado]], teenagers, [[Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold]], open fire on their teachers and classmates, killing 13 students and 1 teacher, and then themselves.
* [[April 24]] &ndash; [[Namibian Economic Society]] is founded.
* [[April 26]]
** Sultan [[Salahuddin of Selangor]] becomes the 11th [[Yang di-Pertuan Agong]] of [[Malaysia]].
** British TV presenter [[Jill Dando]], 37, is shot dead on the doorstep of her home in [[Fulham]], London.<ref name=Dando>{{cite web |title=Jill Dando {{!}} Jill Dando murder |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/1999/apr/27/guardianobituaries.jilldando |website=The Guardian |date=April 27, 1999 |access-date=27 April 2021 |archive-date=April 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210427224207/https://amp.theguardian.com/news/1999/apr/27/guardianobituaries.jilldando |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[April 30]] &ndash; [[Cambodia]] joins the [[Association of Southeast Asian Nations]] (ASEAN), bringing the total members to 10.

===May===
* [[May 1]] –The television series ''[[SpongeBob SquarePants]]'' premiered on [[Nickelodeon]].
* [[May 3]] &ndash; [[1999 Oklahoma tornado outbreak]]: a [[1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado|devastating tornado]], rated F5 on the [[Fujita scale]], hits southern and eastern [[Oklahoma City metropolitan area]], killing 36 people (and 5 indirectly) and producing the highest winds recorded on Earth: {{convert|301|±|20|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{Cite web |title=May 3, 1999 Oklahoma/Kansas Tornado Outbreak |url=https://www.nssl.noaa.gov/about/history/may3rd/ |access-date=2025-03-11 |website=NOAA National Severe Storms Laboratory |language=EN-US}}</ref>
* [[May 7]]
** [[Kosovo War]]: in the [[Serbia and Montenegro|Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]], [[United States bombing of the Chinese embassy in Belgrade|three Chinese embassy workers are killed and 20 others wounded]] when a [[NATO]] [[Northrop B-2 Spirit|B-2 aircraft]] bombs the Chinese Embassy in [[Belgrade]].
** In [[Guinea-Bissau]], President [[João Bernardo Vieira]] is ousted in a military [[coup]].
* [[May 12]] &ndash; [[David Steel]] becomes the first Presiding Officer (Speaker) of the modern [[Scottish Parliament]].
* [[May 13]] &ndash; [[Carlo Azeglio Ciampi]] is elected President of Italy.
* [[May 14]]–[[June 20]] – The [[1999 Cricket World Cup]] is held in England, (some matches in Scotland, Ireland, Wales and the Netherlands), with Australia defeating Pakistan in the final.
* [[May 17]] &ndash; [[Ehud Barak]] is [[1999 Israeli general election|elected]] prime minister of [[Israel]].
* [[May 26]]
** [[Kargil War]]: The [[Indian Air Force]] launches an attack on intruding [[Pakistan]] Army troops and [[mujahideen]] militants in [[Kashmir]].
** The [[1999 UEFA Champions League final]] takes place at the [[Camp Nou]] Stadium, [[Barcelona]], in which the English side [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] defeats the German side [[FC Bayern Munich|Bayern Munich]] 2–1.
* [[May 27]] 
** The [[International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia]] in [[The Hague|The Hague, Netherlands]] indicts [[Slobodan Milošević]] and four others for [[war crime]]s and [[crimes against humanity]] committed in [[Kosovo]].
** [[Space Shuttle Discovery|Space Shuttle ''Discovery'']] is launched on [[STS-96]], the first shuttle mission to dock with the [[International Space Station]].<ref name="mission page">{{Cite web |last=Warnock |first=Lynda |title=STS-96 |url=https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-96.html |access-date=2020-06-15 |website=nasa.gov |publisher=NASA}}</ref>
* [[May 28]]
** Two Swedish police officers are wounded by bank robbers armed with automatic firearms, and [[Malexander murders|later executed with their own service pistols]] in [[Malexander]], [[Sweden]].
** After 22 years of restoration work, [[Leonardo da Vinci]]'s ''[[The Last Supper (Leonardo)|The Last Supper]]'' is placed back on display in [[Milan]], Italy.
* [[May 29]] &ndash; [[Nigeria]] terminates military rule, and the [[Fourth Nigerian Republic]] is established with [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] as [[President of Nigeria|president]].

===June===
* [[June 1]]
** [[Napster]], a music downloading service, is created; it would later inspire other [[Peer-to-peer file sharing|file-sharing sites]] such as [[The Pirate Bay]], [[LimeWire]], [[Gnutella]], [[Kazaa]], [[Morpheus (file-sharing software)|Morpheus]], [[BearShare]], and [[ΜTorrent]] 1999-2010 period which some called the "Second [[Golden Age of Piracy]]".<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ghoshal|first=Abhimanyu|date=2018-12-28|title=A nostalgic look back at digital music piracy in the 2000s|url=https://thenextweb.com/insights/2018/12/28/a-nostalgic-look-back-at-digital-music-piracy-in-the-2000s/|access-date=2021-03-18|website=The Next Web|archive-date=March 26, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210326175359/https://thenextweb.com/insights/2018/12/28/a-nostalgic-look-back-at-digital-music-piracy-in-the-2000s/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=The Rise and Fall of LimeWire| date=November 18, 2019 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e2BwsMbrXqo |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/e2BwsMbrXqo| archive-date=2021-12-11 |url-status=live|access-date=2021-03-18}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
** [[American Airlines Flight 1420]] crash lands after overrunning the runway at [[Clinton National Airport|Little Rock National Airport]], killing 11 of the 145 people onboard.<ref name="NTSB AA1420">{{cite book |url=https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/AAR0102.pdf |title=Aircraft Accident Report – Runway Overrun During Landing, American Airlines Flight 1420, McDonnell Douglas MD-82, N215AA, Little Rock, Arkansas, June 1, 1999 |date=October 23, 2001 |publisher=[[National Transportation Safety Board]] |id=NTSB/AAR-01/02 |access-date=April 7, 2025|archive-date=July 11, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711121033/https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/AAR0102.pdf |url-status=live}}<!--ERAU url is http://libraryonline.erau.edu/online-full-text/ntsb/aircraft-accident-reports/AAR01-02.pdf--></ref>{{rp|p=12}}
* [[June 2]] – The [[Jigme Singye Wangchuck|King of Bhutan]] allows [[Mass_media_in_Bhutan#Radio_and_television|television]] transmissions to commence in [[Bhutan|the Kingdom]] for the first time, coinciding with the King's Silver Jubilee.
* [[June 5]] – The [[Islamic Salvation Army]], the armed wing of the [[Islamic Salvation Front]], agrees in principle to disband in [[Algeria]].
* [[June 8]] – The government of [[Colombia]] announces it will include the estimated value of the country's [[Illegal drug trade in Colombia|illegal drug]] crops, exceeding half a billion US dollars, in its [[gross national product]].
* [[June 9]] – [[Kosovo War]]: [[Serbia and Montenegro|Yugoslavia]] and [[NATO]] sign a [[peace treaty]] to end their hostilities.
* [[June 10]] – Kosovo War: [[NATO]] suspends its [[Airstrike|airstrikes]] after [[Slobodan Milošević]] agrees to withdraw [[Serbia and Montenegro|Yugoslav]] [[Armed Forces of Serbia and Montenegro|forces]] from [[Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija|Kosovo]].
* [[June 12]] – Kosovo War: [[Operation Joint Guardian]]/''Operation Agricola'' begins: [[NATO]]-led [[United Nations]] peacekeeping forces [[Kosovo Force|KFOR]] enter [[Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija|Kosovo, Yugoslavia]].<ref name="auto">{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1999/06/24/marines-shoot-3-in-kosovo-firefight/6282cb80-2b47-4c3a-88b2-8de7966f529f/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20190717052055/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1999/06/24/marines-shoot-3-in-kosovo-firefight/6282cb80-2b47-4c3a-88b2-8de7966f529f/?noredirect=on|url-status = dead|title=Marines Shoot 3 in Kosovo Firefight|date=June 24, 1999|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=July 17, 2019|archive-date=July 17, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-9F7Xxp46hI |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/-9F7Xxp46hI| archive-date=2021-12-11 |url-status=live|agency=Associated Press|title=KOSOVO: NATO PEACEKEEPING MISSION: US MARINES|date=June 1999|access-date=July 17, 2019|via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kLETDU7VFjM |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/kLETDU7VFjM| archive-date=2021-12-11 |url-status=live|title=YUGOSLAVIA: KOSOVO: GNJILANE: US MARINES ARRIVE|agency=Associated Press|date=June 1999|access-date=July 17, 2019|via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
* [[June 16]] – [[Thabo Mbeki]] is inaugurated as the second [[president of South Africa]], marking the first [[peaceful transition of power|peaceful transfer of executive power]] in the country's post-democratization history.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/president-thabo-mbeki-inaugurated-union-buildings|title=President Thabo Mbeki is inaugurated at Union Buildings|date=March 16, 2011|website=South African History Online|access-date=July 17, 2019|archive-date=July 17, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190717052642/https://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/president-thabo-mbeki-inaugurated-union-buildings|url-status=live}}</ref>{{importance inline|reason=election and inauguration are usually the same event|date=June 2020}}
* [[June 18]] – The [[Anti-globalization#J18|J18]] international anti-globalization protests are organized in dozens of cities around the world, some of which led to riots.
* [[June 19]] – [[Turin]], Italy, is awarded the [[2006 Winter Olympics]].
* [[June 20]] - [[Australia]] defeats [[Pakistan]] by 8 wickets at [[Lord's Cricket Ground]] in [[London]] in the [[1999 Cricket World Cup Final]], securing their second World Cup title.
* [[June 24]] – Kosovo War: NATO marines shoot three gunmen in [[Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija|Kosovo, Yugoslavia]] after being attacked by the latter, killing one of them and injuring the other two.<ref name="auto"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z_4OvttRDjI |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/Z_4OvttRDjI| archive-date=2021-12-11 |url-status=live|agency=Associated Press|title=KOSOVO: ZEGRA: US MARINES COME UNDER FIRE|date=June 1999|access-date=July 17, 2019|via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
* [[June 25]] – [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] gets a [[National anthem of Bosnia and Herzegovina|new national anthem]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ohr.int/decisions/statemattersdec/default.asp?content_id=354|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030709125629/http://www.ohr.int/decisions/statemattersdec/default.asp?content_id=354|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 9, 2003|date=June 25, 1999|title=Decision imposing the Law on the National Anthem of BiH|first=Carlos|last=Westendorp|author-link=Carlos Westendorp|access-date=July 9, 2003|publisher=Office of the High Representative|location=Sarajevo|quote=In accordance with my authority under Annex 10 of the General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Article XI of the Bonn Document, I do hereby decide that the Law on the National Anthem of Bosnia and Herzegovina enters into force with immediate effect on an interim basis, until the House of Peoples adopts this law in due form, without amendments and no conditions attached.}}</ref>
* [[June 30]] – Twenty-three people die in a fire at the [[Sealand Youth Training Center Fire|Sealand Youth Training Center]] in South Korea.

===July===
* [[July 1]] &ndash; [[Europol]] (short for European Police Office) the [[European Union]]'s [[criminal intelligence]] agency becomes fully operational.
*[[July 7]] &ndash; In Rome, [[Hicham El Guerrouj]] runs the [[Mile run world record progression|fastest mile ever recorded]], at 3:43.13.
* [[July 10]] &ndash; American soccer player [[Brandi Chastain]] scores the game winning penalty kick against China in the [[1999 FIFA Women's World Cup Final|final of the FIFA Women's World Cup]].
* [[July 11]] &ndash; India recaptures [[Kargil district|Kargil]], forcing the [[Pakistan]]i army to retreat. India announces victory, ending the 2-month conflict.
* [[July 15]] &ndash; [[T-Mobile Park]] (formerly known as Safeco Field) opens for the first time.
* [[July 16]] &ndash; [[John F. Kennedy Jr.]] dies in a plane crash off [[Martha's Vineyard]].
* [[July 18]] &ndash; MLB Pitcher [[David Cone]] of the [[New York Yankees]], throws the 16th [[Perfect game (baseball)|perfect game]] in Major League Baseball history.
* [[July 20]]
** [[Project Mercury|Mercury program]]: [[Mercury-Redstone 4|Liberty Bell 7]] – piloted by [[Gus Grissom]] in [[1961]] – is raised from the Atlantic Ocean.
** [[Falun Gong]] is banned in the People's Republic of China under [[Jiang Zemin]].
* [[July 22]]&ndash;[[July 25|25]] &ndash; [[Woodstock '99]] was held in [[Rome, New York]] at former [[Griffiss Air Force Base]], which was marred with difficult environmental conditions, poor sanitation, overpriced food and water, looting, violence, rapes, riots and several deaths.
* [[July 23]]
** NASA's [[Chandra X-ray Observatory]] is launched.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chandra :: About Chandra :: Chandra Mission |url=https://chandra.harvard.edu/about/axaf_mission.html#:~:text=NASA's%20Chandra%20X-ray%20Observatory,ray%20observatory%20built%20to%20date. |access-date=2025-03-11 |website=chandra.harvard.edu}}</ref>
** [[Mohammed VI of Morocco]] becomes king upon the death of his father [[Hassan II of Morocco|Hassan II]].
**Fourteen [[Serbs|Kosovar Serb]] villagers are [[Staro Gracko massacre|killed]] by ethnic Albanian gunmen in the village of Staro Gračko.
* [[July 27]] &ndash; Twenty-one people die in a [[canyoning]] disaster at the [[Saxetenbach Gorge]] near [[Interlaken]], Switzerland.
* [[July 31]] &ndash; [[NASA]] intentionally crashes the [[Lunar Prospector]] [[spacecraft]] into the [[Moon]], thus ending its mission to detect frozen water on the lunar surface.

===August===
* [[August 7]] &ndash; Dagestan incursions: Hundreds of Chechen guerrillas invade the Russian republic of [[Dagestan]], triggering the [[War in Dagestan (1999)|short war]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lieven |first1=Anatol |title=Why Dagestan Needs the Russians |work=The New York Times |date=August 20, 1999 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/08/20/opinion/why-dagestan-needs-the-russians.html |access-date=4 August 2023}}</ref>
* [[August 10]] &ndash; The [[1999 Pakistan Breguet 1150 Atlantic shootdown|Atlantique incident]] occurs as an intruding [[Pakistan Navy]] plane is shot down in India, sparking tensions between the two nations, a month after the end of the [[Kargil War]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-08-10 |title=The Atlantique Incident – Part 1 of 2|url=http://fly.historicwings.com/2013/08/the-atlantique-incident/ |access-date=2022-07-03 |website=HistoricWings.com : A Magazine for Aviators, Pilots and Adventurers}}</ref>
* [[August 11]] &ndash; A [[Solar eclipse of August 11, 1999|total solar eclipse]] is seen in Europe and Asia.
* [[August 17]] &ndash; The 7.6 {{M|w}} [[1999 İzmit earthquake|İzmit earthquake]] shakes northwestern [[Turkey]] with a maximum [[Mercalli intensity scale|Mercalli intensity]] of IX (''Violent''), leaving more than 17,000 dead and around 50,000 injured.
* [[August 19]] &ndash; In [[Belgrade]], tens of thousands of [[Serbia and Montenegro|Yugoslav]]s rally to demand the resignation of [[President of Serbia and Montenegro|Yugoslav President]] [[Slobodan Milošević]].
* [[August 30]] &ndash; [[East Timor]] votes for independence from [[Indonesia]] (which had invaded and occupied it since 1975) in [[1999 East Timorese independence referendum|a referendum]].

===September===
* [[September 3]] &ndash; [[1999 Ontario Highway 401 crash]] occurs, involving 87 vehicles and killing 8.
* [[September 7]] &ndash; The 6.0 {{M|w}} [[1999 Athens earthquake|Athens earthquake]] hits with a maximum [[Mercalli intensity scale|Mercalli intensity]] of IX (''Violent''), killing 143, injuring 800–1,600, and leaving 50,000 homeless.
* [[September 8]] &ndash; The first of a series of [[1999 Russian apartment bombings|Russian apartment bombings]] occurs. Subsequent bombings occur on September 13 and 16, while a bombing on September 22 fails.
* [[September 9]] &ndash; [[Sega]] Releases the [[Sega Dreamcast]], in North America.
* [[September 12]] &ndash; Under international pressure to allow an international peacekeeping force, Indonesian president BJ Habibie announces that he will do so.
* [[September 14]] &ndash; [[Kiribati]], [[Nauru]] and [[Tonga]] join the [[United Nations]].
* [[September 20]] &ndash; Start of the [[1999 Greek stock market crash|Greek stock market crash of 1999]].
* [[September 21]] &ndash; The 7.7 {{M|w}} [[1999 Jiji earthquake|921 earthquake]] (also known as the Jiji earthquake) affects central Taiwan with a maximum Mercali intensity of X (''Extreme'') leaving 2,400 people dead and more than 11,000 injured.

===October===
* October
** [[Conacami]] (National Confederation of [[Peru]]vian Communities Affected by Mining) is established to protect indigenous rights.<ref>[http://www.conacami.pe/2011/09/historia-de-conacami.html CONACAMI Nuestra Historia] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130416132600/http://www.conacami.pe/2011/09/historia-de-conacami.html |date=16 April 2013 }}, retrieved on 11 March 2012.</ref>
** [[NASA]] loses one of its probes, the ''[[Mars Climate Orbiter]]''.
* [[October 1]] &ndash; [[Shanghai Pudong International Airport]] opens in China, taking over all international flights from Hongqiao.
* [[October 1]]–[[November 6]] – The [[1999 Rugby World Cup]], the first World Cup in the [[History of rugby union#Professionalism|professional era of rugby]] is held in [[Wales]] and is won by [[Australia national rugby union team|Australia]] who beat [[France national rugby union team|France]] in [[1999 Rugby World Cup final|the final]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rugbyworldcup.com/2027/en/past-tournaments/1999|title=1999 Rugby World Cup}}</ref>
* [[October 5]] &ndash; Thirty-one people die in the [[Ladbroke Grove rail crash]], west of London, England.
* [[October 12]]
** [[Pakistan]]i Prime Minister [[Nawaz Sharif]] attempts to dismiss Army Chief General [[Pervez Musharraf]], who is out of the country. The generals lead a [[coup d'état]], ousting Sharif's administration, and Musharraf takes control of the government.
** [[Murder of Björn Söderberg]] in Stockholm, Sweden by neo-fascists.
* [[October 25]] &ndash; [[Telenovela]] ''[[Yo soy Betty, la fea]]'' debuts on [[RCN Televisión]] in [[Colombia]]. It will give rise to ''[[Ugly Betty]]'' and at least a dozen other versions worldwide.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/3662430/Telenovelas-the-story-so-far.html|title=Telenovelas: the story so far|first=Alex|last=Bellos|authorlink=Alex Bellos|work=The Daily Telegraph|location=London|date=2007-01-07|access-date=July 2, 2023|archive-date=April 5, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190405210430/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/3662430/Telenovelas-the-story-so-far.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[October 27]] &ndash; [[Armenian parliament shooting]]: Gunmen open fire in the [[Armenia]]n Parliament, killing Prime Minister [[Vazgen Sargsyan]], Parliament Chairman [[Karen Demirchyan]], and six other members.
* [[October 29]] &ndash; [[1999 Odisha cyclone]]: A super cyclonic storm impacts Orissa, India, killing approximately 10,000 people.
* [[October 30]] &ndash; {{Interlanguage link|1999 Incheon bar fire|ko|인현동 호프집 화재 참사}}: A bar catches fire in Incheon, South Korea, killing 56 people.
* [[October 31]]
** [[EgyptAir Flight 990]], travelling from New York City to [[Cairo]], crashes off the coast of [[Nantucket]], Massachusetts killing all 217 on board.
** The [[Catholic Church]] and several [[Lutheran Church]] leaders sign the [[Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification]], attempting to resolve a centuries-old doctrinal dispute over the nature of [[faith]] and [[salvation]].

===November===
* [[November 6]] &ndash; Australians defeat a [[1999 Australian republic referendum|referendum]] proposing the replacement of the Queen and the Governor General with a President to make Australia a republic.
* [[November 12]] &ndash; The 7.2 {{M|w}} [[1999 Düzce earthquake|Düzce earthquake]] shakes northwestern [[Turkey]] with a maximum [[Mercalli intensity scale|Mercalli intensity]] of IX (''Violent''). At least 845 people are killed and almost 5,000 are injured.
* [[November 20]] &ndash; [[China]] launches the first [[Shenzhou spacecraft]].
* [[November 23]] &ndash; The [[National Assembly (Kuwait)|National Assembly]] of [[Kuwait]] revokes a [[1985]] law that granted women's suffrage.
* [[November 26]] &ndash; The 7.5 {{M|w}} [[1999 Ambrym earthquake|Ambrym earthquake]] shakes [[Vanuatu]] and a destructive tsunami follows, killing 10 and injuring 40.
* [[November 27]] &ndash; The centre-left [[New Zealand Labour Party|Labour Party]] takes control of the [[New Zealand Government]], with leader [[Helen Clark]] becoming the second female [[Prime Minister of New Zealand|Prime Minister]] in New Zealand's history.

===December===
* [[December 3]]
** After rowing for 81 days and 5,486 kilometers (2,962 nautical miles), [[Tori Murden]] becomes the first woman to cross the Atlantic Ocean by [[rowboat]] alone, when she reaches [[Guadeloupe]] from the [[Canary Islands]].
** [[NASA]] loses radio contact with the [[Mars Polar Lander]], moments before the spacecraft enters the [[Atmosphere of Mars|Martian atmosphere]].
* [[December 5]] &ndash; [[1999 Bolivian municipal elections|Bolivian municipal elections]], the first election contested by [[Evo Morales]]' [[Movimiento al Socialismo]].
* [[December 18]] &ndash; NASA launches the Terra platform into orbit, carrying five Earth Observation instruments, including [[Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer|ASTER]], [[Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System|CERES]], [[Multi-angle imaging spectroradiometer|MISR]], [[Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer|MODIS]] and [[MOPITT]].
* [[December 20]] &ndash; [[Handover of Macau]] from the [[Portuguese Republic]] to the People's Republic of China after 442 years of Portuguese rule in the settlement.
* [[December 26]] &ndash; [[Cyclone Lothar]] kills 140 people as it crosses France, southern Germany, and Switzerland.
* [[December 27]] &ndash; A day after Cyclone Lothar, [[Cyclone Martin (1999)|Cyclone Martin]] causes additional damage throughout France, Spain, Switzerland and Italy, including an emergency due to [[1999 Blayais Nuclear Power Plant flood|flooding at the Blayais Nuclear Power Plant]].
* [[December 31]] &ndash; [[Boris Yeltsin]] resigns as [[president of Russia]], leaving [[Prime Minister of Russia|Prime Minister]] [[Vladimir Putin]] as the acting president.

== Births and deaths ==
{{Main|:Category:1999 births|Deaths in 1999}}

==Nobel Prizes==
[[File:Nobel medal.png|right|120px]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics]] &ndash; [[Gerard 't Hooft]] and [[Martinus J. G. Veltman]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]] &ndash; [[Ahmed Zewail]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Physiology or Medicine]] &ndash; [[Günter Blobel]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature]] &ndash; [[Günter Grass]]
* [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace]] &ndash; [[Médecins Sans Frontières]]
* [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences|Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel]] &ndash; [[Robert Mundell]]

==New English words and terms==
* ''blog''
* ''carbon footprint''
* ''dashcam''
* ''epigenomics''
*''metabolomics''
*''texting''
* ''vape''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/time-traveler/1999|title=Time Traveler by Merriam-Webster: Words from 1999|publisher=Merriam-Webster|access-date=July 30, 2019|archive-date=July 30, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190730171834/https://www.merriam-webster.com/time-traveler/1999|url-status=live}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commonscatinline}}

{{Portal|1990s}}
{{Events by month links}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1999}}
[[Category:1999| ]]