Editing 2004 transit of Venus

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2021}}
{{short description|Astronomical event on 8 June 2004 in which Venus could be seen in front of the Sun}}
[[File:Venus Transit 2004.JPG|thumb|299x299px|right|A photograph taken at 15:39 Hong Kong time (07:39 UTC) from Tuen Mun, New Territories, Hong Kong.]]
[[File:VenusTransit20040608145750.jpg|thumb|A projection of the 2004 [[Transit of Venus]] as seen from [[Mumbai|Mumbai, India]] at 14:57:50 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] (09:27:50 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]) clicked using a [[Sony Mavica|Sony Digital Mavica MVC-FD73]] camera by Dhaval Mahidharia.|300x300px]]
A [[transit of Venus]] was observed from Earth on 8 June 2004. The event received significant attention, since it was the first Venus transit after the invention of broadcast media. No human alive at the time had witnessed a previous Venus transit since that transit occurred on [[1882 transit of Venus|6 December 1882]] in the 19th century.

The [[ESO|European Southern Observatory]] (ESO) and the [[EAAE - European Association for Astronomy Education|European Association for Astronomy Education]] (EAAE) launched the VT-2004 project, together with the Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Éphémérides (IMCCE) and the Observatoire de Paris in France, as well as the [[Astronomical Institute of Czech Academy of Sciences|Astronomical Institute of the Academy of Sciences]] of the Czech Republic. This project had 2,763 participants all over the world, including nearly 1,000 school classes. The participants made a measurement of the [[astronomical unit]] (AU) of 149 608 708&nbsp;km ± 11 835&nbsp;km<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0433/|title=ESO – eso0433 – Summing Up the Unique Venus Transit 2004 (VT-2004) Programme|date=2 November 2004|publisher=The [[European Southern Observatory]]}}</ref> which had only a 0.007% difference to the accepted value.

==Visibility==
[[File:TV2004-Map1b.gif|thumb|right|300px|Where the 2004 transit was visible]]

The entire transit was visible from Europe, most of Asia, and almost all of Africa. The beginning was visible before sunset from easternmost Asia and Australia. The end was visible after sunrise from the westernmost fringe of Africa, eastern North America, and much of South America. The transit was not visible at all from western North America, southern South America, Hawaii, or New Zealand. The regions from which the transit were visible are shown on the map to the right.
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==Timing==
The following table and image give times for various events (respectively, first contact, second contact, the midpoint, third contact and fourth contact) during the transit on 8 June 2004 for a hypothetical observer at the center of the Earth. Due to [[parallax]], times observed at different points on Earth may differ from the following by as much as ±7 minutes.

{| border cellspacing=0 cellpadding=5 align="center"
!colspan=5|Times ([[UTC]]) for observations<br>of the transit on 8 June 2004
|-
! I !! II !! Mid !! III !! IV
|-
| 05:13:29 || 05:32:55 || 08:19:44 || 11:06:33 || 11:25:59
|-
|colspan=5|[[File:2004 Venus Transit.svg|thumb|center|300px|The path of Venus across the Sun (moving left to right)]]
|}

== Media ==
<gallery widths="300" perrow="2">
File:VenusTransit20040608145750.jpg|A projection of the 2004 [[Transit of Venus]] as seen from [[Mumbai|Mumbai, India]] at 14:57:50 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] (09:27:50 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]) clicked using a [[Sony Mavica|Sony Digital Mavica MVC-FD73]] camera by Dhaval Mahidharia.
File:Transit-of-venus-2004.jpg|Source: Daniel P. B. Smith
File:Transit of Venus on June 8th 2004.jpg|2004 transit as seen from [[Bangalore]] at 07:41 UTC, about two hours into the transit. The image is inverted compared to the diagram above, so Venus is seen near the top of the Sun's disc
File:Venus transit BB.jpg|Third contact (compare to III in the diagram above) of the 2004 Venus transit as seen from the central part of the United States
File:Transit of Venus animation.ogg|Animation depicting the transit of Venus from the perspective of Earth
File:2004 Venus transit UV.ogv|Close-up video of the 2004 Venus transit, recorded in the [[ultraviolet]] part of the spectrum     
</gallery>

== See also ==
* [[Transit of Venus]]
* [[Transit of Venus, 2012]]

== External links ==
{{commons category}}
*[http://www.alpo-astronomy.org/transit/transit2004.html June 8, 2004: The Transit of Venus] by John E. Westfall, [[Association of Lunar and Planetary Observers|ALPO]]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20041112001222/http://147.205.84.51/hartwick/astronomy/venus.htm The Venus Transit Across the Sun; observations from Hartwick College in Oneonta, NY, USA]
*[https://archive.today/20130814053650/http://vestige.lmsal.com/TRACE/transits/venus_2004/ Several videos of the transit] as seen by the TRACE satellite
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20041204052011/http://www.taralaya.org/archive/ Archive of observations in Bangalore]
*[https://archive.today/20121213120720/sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse/transit/TV2004.html Predictions for the 2004 Transit of Venus]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060316160916/http://skyandtelescope.com/observing/objects/planets/article_1021_1.asp The Transit of Venus: Where to See It]
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_pictures/3786705.stm Photos taken by BBC News readers]
*[http://www.vt-2004.org Venus Transit 2004 Homepage at European Southern Observatory]
*[http://www.timewolf.net/VT/ Venus Transit 2004&nbsp;– Miami, FL, USA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200915143950/http://www.timewolf.net/VT/ |date=15 September 2020 }}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20040607140924/http://www.nao.rl.ac.uk/nao/transit/V_2004/ HM Nautical Almanac Office: 2004 Transit of Venus]
*{{APOD |date=10 June 2004 |title=Transit closeup photo}}
*[http://cmhas.wikispaces.com/Transit_Results Images of the 2004 Transit of Venus by Crayford Manor House Astronomical Society]

== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{Venus}}

[[Category:Transit of Venus|2004]]
[[Category:2004 in science]]
[[Category:Articles containing video clips]]
[[Category:June 2004]]