Editing 680

{{short description|Calendar year}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{About year|680}}
{{for|highways|List of highways numbered 680}}
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{{M1 year in topic}}
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Year '''680''' ('''[[Roman numerals|DCLXXX]]''') was a [[leap year starting on Sunday]] of the [[Julian calendar]]. The denomination 680 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===

==== Byzantine Empire ====
* [[Byzantine–Bulgarian wars#Asparukh's war|Byzantine–Bulgarian War]]: The [[Bulgarians|Bulgars]] under [[Asparukh of Bulgaria|Asparukh]] subjugate the country of current-day [[Bulgaria]], north of the [[Balkan Mountains]]. Emperor [[Constantine IV]] leads a combined land and sea operation against the invaders and [[Siege|besiege]]s their fortified camp in [[Dobruja]].{{sfn|Bury|1889|pp=333–334}}
* [[Battle of Ongal]]: The [[Byzantine army]] (25,000 men) under [[Constantine IV]] is defeated by the Bulgars and their [[Seven Slavic tribes|Slavic allies]] in the [[Danube Delta]]. Bulgar cavalry force the Byzantines into a rout, while Constantine (suffering from leg pain) travels to [[Nesebar]] to seek treatment.

==== Europe ====
* King [[Wamba (king)|Wamba]] is deposed after an 8-year reign, and forced to retire to a [[monastery]]. He is succeeded by [[Erwig]] who becomes ruler of the [[Visigothic Kingdom]]. 
* King [[Perctarit]] makes his son [[Cunipert]] co-ruler of the [[Kingdom of the Lombards|Lombard Kingdom]]. He signs a formal [[peace treaty]] with [[Constantine IV]]. 
* [[Pippin of Herstal]] becomes [[Mayor of the Palace]] of [[Austrasia]].
*The emporium (market town) of [[Dorestad]] is founded near the mouth of the Rhine, and soon becomes a major trading settlement in the North Sea region (approximate date).{{sfn|Hodges|1984}}

==== Britain ====
* King [[Cædwalla of Wessex]] becomes overly ambitious in a power-struggle with his rival, King [[Centwine of Wessex|Centwine]], for [[Wessex]] overlordship. He is banished into the forests of Chiltern and [[Weald#History|Andred]].{{sfn|Kirby|1992|p=119}}

==== Arabian Empire ====
* [[Yazid I]], son of Muawiyah I, becomes the sixth [[caliph]] (second Umayyad caliph) but [[Kufa]]ns in [[Mesopotamia]] rebel and invite [[Husayn ibn Ali|Hussein ibn Ali]] (grandson of [[Muhammad]]) to take the throne.
* [[October 10]] &ndash; [[Battle of Karbala]]: Forces under Yazid I kill Hussein ibn Ali and his closest supporters.{{sfn|Gordon|2005|pp=144–146}} This event leads to the civil war known as the [[Second Fitna]].

==== Asia ====

* In [[Japan]], Princess [[Empress Jitō|Uno Sarara]] is unwell, and Emperor [[Emperor Tenmu|Tenmu]] begins the erection of the Temple of [[Yakushi-ji]] ([[Nara Prefecture]]). He makes 100 people enter religion as [[priest]]s, wishing her to recover her health.

=== By topic ===

==== Religion ====
* [[September 17]] &ndash; [[Theodore of Tarsus]], [[archbishop of Canterbury]], convenes a [[synod]] at [[Hatfield, Hertfordshire|Hatfield]] that clears the [[Church of England|English Church]] from any association with the [[heresy]] of [[monothelitism]].{{sfn|Collier|Barham|1840|p=250}}
* [[November 7]] &ndash; The [[Third Council of Constantinople]] (Sixth Ecumenical Council) opens in [[Constantinople]] to settle the theological controversies of [[monoenergism]] and monothelitism, ending [[September 16]], [[681]].
* [[Wilfrid]] returns to [[Northumbria]], with [[Pope|papal]] support, but is imprisoned by King [[Ecgfrith of Northumbria|Ecgfrith]], and again [[exile]]d. He travels to the [[Kingdom of Sussex]] and begins to [[Evangelism|evangelise]] the people.
* King [[Merewalh]] of [[Magonsæte]] founds the monastery of [[Wenlock Priory]] in [[Shropshire]], England, appointing his daughter [[Mildburh|Milburga]] as [[Order of Saint Benedict|Benedictine]] abbess.
* Approximate date
** [[Saint Boniface|Boniface]] begins his education at an English Celtic [[Christianity|Christian]] monastery, probably in [[Exeter]] near his birthplace and one of many ''monasteriola'' built by local landowners and churchmen.{{sfn|Schieffer|1972|pp=76–77, 103–105}} 
** The [[Book of Durrow]] is created, probably in Northumbria or on the island of [[Iona]] in the Scottish [[Inner Hebrides]].</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[Ali Asghar ibn Husayn]], Son of 3rd [[shia]] Imam. Killed in [[Karbala]] (d. [[AD 680|680]])
* [[Fujiwara no Muchimaro]], Japanese politician (d. [[AD 737|737]])
* [[Empress Genshō|Genshō]], empress of [[Japan]] (d. [[748]])
* [[Saint Oda|Oda of Scotland]], Christian [[saint]] (approximate date)
* [[Wu Daozi]], Chinese [[Painting|painter]] (d. [[760]])

== Deaths ==
* [[January 1]] &ndash; [[Javanshir]], king of [[Caucasian Albania]] (b. [[616]])
* [[January 30]] &ndash; [[Balthild]], queen of the [[Franks]]
* [[October 9]] &ndash; [[Saint Ghislain|Ghislain]], Frankish [[anchorite]] and saint 
* [[October 10]]
** [[Abbas ibn Ali]], son of [[Imam Ali]]
** [[Ali al-Akbar ibn Husayn]], son of [[Husayn ibn Ali|Al-Husayn]]
** [[Ali al-Asghar ibn Husayn]], son of [[Husayn ibn Ali|Al-Husayn]]
** [[Habib ibn Madhahir]] 
** [[Husayn ibn Ali]], third Shia [[Imam]] and grandson of [[Muhammad]] (b. [[626]])K
* [[Pope Agatho of Alexandria|Agatho]], pope of the [[Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria|Coptic Orthodox Church]]
* [[Bhāskara I]], Indian [[Indian mathematics|mathematician]] (approximate date)
* [[Cædmon]], Northumbrian [[English poetry|poet]] 
* [[Ebroin]], [[Mayor of the Palace]] of [[Neustria]] (or [[681]])
* [[Hilda of Whitby]], Northumbrian abbess and saint
* [[Muawiyah I]], founder of the [[Umayyad Caliphate]] (b. [[602]])
* [[Umm Salama]], wife of Muhammad
* [[Vikramaditya I]], king of [[Chalukya dynasty|Chalukya]] ([[India]])
* [[Wulfoald]], Mayor of the Palace of [[Austrasia]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last=Curtin |first=D.P. |year=2025 |title=Council of Hatfield: 680 AD |publisher=Dalcassian |isbn=979-8-348-25896-2 }}
* {{cite book |last=Bury |first=John Bagnall |author-link=J. B. Bury |date=1889 |title=A History of the Later Roman Empire from Arcadius to Irene |volume=II |publisher=Macmillan |location=London}}
* {{cite book |last1=Collier |first1=Jeremy |author1-link=Jeremy Collier |last2=Barham |first2=Francis Foster  |author2-link=Francis Foster Barham |year=1840 |title=An Ecclesiastical History of Great Britain |volume=1 |location=London |publisher=William Straker |url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_1o03AAAAMAAJ}}
* {{cite book |last=Gordon |first=Matthew |year=2005 |title=The Rise of Islam |url=https://archive.org/details/riseofislam0000gord |url-access=registration |publisher=Greenwood Press |isbn=978-0-313-32522-9 }}
* {{cite journal |last=Hodges |first=Richard |date=1984 |title=Frisians and Franks: Argonauts of the Dark Ages |journal=Archaeology |volume=37 |issue=1 |pages=26–31 |issn=0003-8113 |jstor=41728801}}
* {{cite book |last=Kirby |first=D. P. |year=1992 |title=The Earliest English Kings |location=London |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-09086-5 }}
* {{cite book |last=Schieffer |first=Theodor |author-link=Theodor Schieffer |year=1972 |orig-year=1954 |title=Winfrid-Bonifatius und die christliche Grundlegung Europas |language=de |publisher=Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft |isbn=3-534-06065-2}}
{{refend}}

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