Editing 684

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{About year|684}}
{{Year nav|684}}
{{M1 year in topic}}
[[File:Pope Benedict II.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|[[Pope Benedict II]] (684–685)]]
Year '''684''' ('''[[Roman numerals|DCLXXXIV]]''') was a [[leap year starting on Friday]] of the [[Julian calendar]]. The denomination 684 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===

==== Europe ====
* [[Gistemar|Ghislemar]], mayor of the palace in [[Neustria]] and [[Kingdom of Burgundy|Burgundy]], dies after a 2-year reign, and is succeeded by his father [[Waratto]]. He makes peace between the three [[Francia|Frankish kingdoms]].

==== Britain ====
* King [[Ecgfrith of Northumbria]] sends a [[punitive expedition]] to Ireland under his [[ealdorman]] Berht, laying waste to the territory of [[Kingdom of Meath|Meath]], ruled by High King [[Fínsnechta Fledach]].<ref>[[Bede]], ''[[Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum]]''.{{full citation needed|date=September 2021}}</ref>

==== Arabian Empire ====
* Caliph [[Mu'awiya II]] dies at [[Damascus]], after a brief reign that ends [[Umayyad Caliphate#Sufyanids|Sufyanid rule]]. A new [[caliph]] is proclaimed in [[Syria]] amidst [[Endemic warfare|tribal wars]], but [[Marwan I]] will reign until next year.
* [[August 18]] &ndash; [[Battle of Marj Rahit (684)|Battle of Marj Rahit]]: Muslim [[Partisan (military)|partisan]]s under Marwan I defeat the supporters of [[Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr]] near Damascus, and cement [[Umayyad Caliphate|Umayyad]] control of Syria.

==== Asia ====
* [[January 3]] &ndash; [[Emperor Zhongzong of Tang|Zhong Zong]] succeeds his father [[Emperor Gaozong of Tang|Gao Zong]], and becomes emperor of the [[Tang dynasty]]. His mother [[Wu Zetian]] remains the [[power behind the throne]] in China.
* [[February 27]] &ndash; Wu Zetian replaces Zhong Zong in favor of his younger brother [[Emperor Ruizong of Tang|Rui Zong]]. He becomes a [[puppet ruler]], and Zhong Zong is placed under [[house arrest]]. 
* Summer &ndash; The [[Pallava dynasty|Pallava Empire]] (modern India) invades the kingdom of [[Sri Lanka|Ceylon]]. A Pallavan naval expedition employing [[Tamils|Tamil]] mercenaries ends the [[List of Sri Lankan monarchs#House of Moriya (463–691)|Moriya dynasty]].

=====Japan=====
* [[September 7]] &ndash; A large [[comet]] is observed in Japan (it's Japan's oldest observation record of [[Halley's Comet]]).
* [[November 13]] &ndash; Emperor [[Emperor Tenmu|Tenmu]] institutes eight titles of eight classes (''[[Kabane|Yakusa-no-kabane]]'') in Japan.
* [[November 26]] &ndash; [[684 Hakuho earthquake]]. A great [[earthquake]] strikes Japan. The people, houses, [[Buddhist temples in Japan|temples]], [[Shinto shrine|shrines]] and domestic animals are greatly damaged.

==== Mesoamerica ====
* [[February 10]] &ndash; [[Kʼinich Kan Bahlam II]] accedes to the rulership of the [[Maya civilization|Maya]] polity of [[Palenque]] (modern Mexico).

=== By topic ===

==== Religion ====
* [[Cuthbert]] is elected [[Bishop of Hexham]], and receives a visit from a large group under Ecgfrith. He agrees to return to [[Lindisfarne]] ([[Northumbria]]) to take up duties. 
* [[June 26]] &ndash; [[Pope Benedict II]] succeeds [[Pope Leo II|Leo II]] as the 81st [[pope]] of Rome, after a period of ''[[sede vacante]]'' ("vacant seat") of 1 year. 
</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[Gao Lishi]], official and [[eunuch]] of the [[Tang dynasty]] (d. [[762]])
* [[Princess Anle|Li Guo'er]], princess of the Tang dynasty (approximate date)
* [[Prince Nagaya|Nagaya]], Japanese prince and politician (d. [[729]])
* [[Tachibana no Moroe]], Japanese prince and minister (d. [[AD 757|757]])

== Deaths ==
* [[Adarnase II of Iberia|Adarnase II]], king of [[Principality of Iberia|Iberia]] (approximate date)
* [[Aldegund]], Frankish [[Order of Saint Benedict|Benedictine]] [[abbess]] 
* [[Constantine-Silvanus|Constantine of Mananali]], founder of the [[Paulicianism|Paulicians]]
* [[Gistemar|Ghislemar]], mayor of the palace in [[Neustria]] and [[Kingdom of Burgundy|Burgundy]]
* [[Li Xian (prince)|Li Xian]], prince of the Tang dynasty (b. [[653]])
* [[Luo Binwang]], Chinese [[Chinese poetry|poet]] and official 
* [[Mu'awiya II]], Muslim [[caliph]] (b. [[661]])
* [[Pei Yan]], [[chancellor of the Tang dynasty]]
* [[Philibert of Jumièges]], Frankish [[abbot]]
* [[Severus II bar Masqeh]], Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |first1=Lucas|last1=Van Rompay|title=Severos bar Mashqo|encyclopedia=Gorgias Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Syriac Heritage: Electronic Edition |editor1=Sebastian P. Brock |editor2=Aaron M. Butts |editor3=[[George A. Kiraz]] |editor4=Lucas Van Rompay |url=https://gedsh.bethmardutho.org/Severos-bar-Mashqo|year=2011|access-date=11 July 2020}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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