Editing 872

{{short description|Calendar year}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{About year|872}}
{{Year nav|872}}
{{M1 year in topic}}
Year '''872''' ('''[[Roman numerals|DCCCLXXII]]''') was a [[leap year starting on Tuesday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===
==== Europe ====
* [[Sancho III Mitarra of Gascony|Sancho III Mitarra]] (or ''Menditarra'') becomes the founder and first 'king' of the independent [[Duchy of Gascony]], with loose ties to the [[Francia|Frankish Kingdom]].{{sfn|Collins|1990}}
* [[May 18]] &ndash; After his successful campaign against the [[Saracens]], [[Louis II of Italy|Louis II]] is crowned as [[Holy Roman Emperor|Roman Emperor]] ("Emperor of the Franks") for the second time and converts the ''[[Muwallad]]un'', and the [[Arabs|Arab]] elite.{{sfn|Rucquoi|1993|page=85}}
* [[18 July]] (traditional date) – [[Battle of Hafrsfjord]]: Norse chieftain [[Harald Fairhair]] wins a great [[Navy|naval]] victory at [[Hafrsfjord]], outside [[Stavanger]]. He becomes (at age 18) the first king of [[Kingdom of Norway (872–1397)|Norway]]. Harald's conquests and [[tax]]ation system lead many [[Vikings|Viking]] chiefs and their followers to [[Emigration|emigrate]] to the [[British Isles]], and (later) to [[Iceland]].

==== Britain ====
* Autumn &ndash; The [[Great Heathen Army]] returns to [[Kingdom of Northumbria|Northumbria]], to put down a rebellion at [[York]]. King [[Ecgberht I of Northumbria|Ecgberht I]] and his archbishop, [[Wulfhere of York|Wulfhere]], are expelled by the Northumbrians and flee to [[Mercia]].{{sfn|Hill|2009|page=55}}  
* The Danes, led by [[Halfdan Ragnarsson|Halfdan]] and [[Guthrum]], establish a [[Cantonment|winter quarter]] at [[Torksey]] in the [[Kingdom of Lindsey]] (now part of [[Lincolnshire]]). King [[Burgred of Mercia|Burgred]] pays tribute ([[Danegeld]]) in return for 'peace'.{{sfn|Hill|2009|page=56}}
* King [[Artgal of Alt Clut|Artgal of Strathclyde]] is slain, through the connivance of King [[Causantín mac Cináeda|Constantine I]] of [[Alba]] (modern [[Scotland]]) and his Viking allies. Artgal's son, [[Run of Alt Clut|Run]], succeeds to the [[Kingdom of Strathclyde|Strathclyde]] throne.

==== Arabian Empire ====
* The [[Zanj Rebellion]]: The [[Zanj]] (black [[Slavery|slaves]] from [[East Africa]]) defeat the Abbasid forces, led by caliphal regent [[Al-Muwaffaq]] (brother of caliph [[Al-Mu'tamid]]). Hostilities in [[Mesopotamia]] (Southern [[Iraq]]) will preoccupy Al-Muwaffaq, and the Zanj will remain on the offensive over the next several years.<ref>{{harvnb|Waines|1992|pp=38 ff., 108 ff., 120 ff., 136, 137 ff., 152 ff., 156, 158, 164 ff.}}; {{harvnb|Popovic|1999|pp=45–72}}; {{harvnb|McKinney|2004|pp=464–66}}; {{harvnb|Nöldeke|1892|pp=152–62.}}</ref>
* In [[Egypt in the Middle Ages|Egypt]], the first hospital (''[[bimaristan]]'') is built in [[Cairo]] by the Abbasid governor, [[Ahmad ibn Tulun]]. Physician licensure becomes mandatory in the [[Abbasid Caliphate]].<ref>{{harvnb|Islamic Culture and the Medical Arts|2011}}</ref>

==== Japan ====
* [[Fujiwara no Yoshifusa]], Japanese regent (''[[Sesshō and Kampaku|sesshō]]''), dies at his native [[Kyoto]], having ruled since [[858]]. He is succeeded as head of the [[Fujiwara clan]] by his son [[Fujiwara no Mototsune]].

=== By topic ===
{{Stack|[[File:Pope John VIII Illustration.jpg|thumb|[[Pope John VIII]] (872–882)]]}}

==== Religion ====
* [[December 14]] &ndash; [[Pope Adrian II]] dies (at age 80), after a 5-year reign. He is succeeded by [[Pope John VIII|John VIII]], as the 107th [[pope]] of [[Rome]].
</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[Emperor Taizu of Liao|Abaoji]], ruler (''[[khagan]]'') of the [[Liao dynasty|Khitan Empire]] (d. [[926]])
* [[Al-Farabi]], Muslim [[Early Islamic philosophy|philosopher]] (approximate date)
* [[Huo Yanwei]], Chinese general (d. [[928]])
* [[Ibn Durustawayh]], Persian grammarian, lexicographer and student of the Quran and ''hadith'' (d. [[958]])
* [[Ki no Tsurayuki]], Japanese writer and [[Japanese poetry|poet]] (d. [[945]]) 
* [[Pietro II Candiano]], doge of [[Republic of Venice|Venice]] (approximate date)

== Deaths ==
* [[April 2]] &ndash; [[Muflih al-Turki]], Abbasid general
* [[December 14]] &ndash; [[Pope Adrian II|Adrian II]], pope of [[Rome]] (b. [[792]])
* [[Artgal of Alt Clut|Artgal]], king of [[Kingdom of Strathclyde|Strathclyde]] ([[Scotland]])
* [[Athanasius I (bishop of Naples)|Athanasius I]], bishop of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Naples|Naples]] (b. [[830]])
* [[Cenn Fáelad hua Mugthigirn]], king of [[Munster]] ([[Ireland]])
* [[Chrysocheir]], leader of the [[Paulicianism|Paulicians]] (or [[878]])
* [[Fujiwara no Yoshifusa]], Japanese [[Sesshō and Kampaku|regent]] (b. [[804]])
* [[Ibrahim ibn Ya'qub al-Juzajani]], Muslim [[hadith]] scholar
* [[Ivar the Boneless]], Viking chief (approximate date)
* [[Sargis (Nestorian patriarch)|Sargis]], patriarch of the [[Church of the East]]
* [[Zhang Yichao]], general of the [[Tang dynasty|Tang Dynasty]] (b. [[785]])

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
*{{cite book |last1=Collins |first1=Roger |author-link1=Roger Collins |title=The Basques |date=1990 |publisher=Blackwell |isbn=978-0-631-17565-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ageHQgAACAAJ}}
*{{cite book |last1=Hill |first1=Paul |title=The Viking Wars of Alfred the Great |date=2009 |publisher=Pen & Sword History |isbn=978-1-59416-087-5}}
*{{cite web|title=Islamic Culture and the Medical Arts|url=https://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/islamic_medical/islamic_12.html|access-date=8 November 2011|ref={{harvid|Islamic Culture and the Medical Arts|2011}}}}
*{{cite book |last1=McKinney |first1=Robert C. |title=The Case of Rhyme Versus Reason: Ibn Al-Råumåi and His Poetics in Context |date=2004 |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-90-04-13010-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kfjbp__dVNYC}}
* {{cite book | title=Sketches from Eastern History | last=Nöldeke | first=Theodor | author-link=Theodor Nöldeke | year=1892 | publisher=Adam and Charles Black | location=London and Edinburgh| url = https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.206950}}
*{{cite book | title=The Revolt of African Slaves in Iraq, in the 3rd/9th Century | last=Popovic| first=Alexandre | year=1999 | publisher=Markus Wiener Publishers | location=Princeton |isbn=1-55876-162-4 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=21NtAAAAMAAJ}}
*{{cite book|last=Rucquoi|first=Adeline|title=Histoire médiévale de la Péninsule ibérique|year=1993|publisher=Seuil|location=Paris|isbn=2-02-012935-3|page=85}}
*{{cite book | editor-last=Waines | editor-first=David | title=The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XXXVI: The Revolt of the Zanj, A.D. 869–879/A.H. 255–265 | year=1992 | location=Albany, New York | publisher=State University of New York Press | isbn=0-7914-0764-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-ctgf6WSCPMC}}

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