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{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}} {{About year|894}} {{Year nav|894}} {{M1 year in topic}} [[File:Bulgarians defeat Byzantines under Krenites and Kourtikios.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|[[Simeon I of Bulgaria|Simeon I]] invades the [[Byzantine Empire]]]] __NOTOC__ Year '''894''' ('''[[Roman numerals|DCCCXCIV]]''') was a [[common year starting on Tuesday]] of the [[Julian calendar]]. == Events == <onlyinclude> === By place === ==== Byzantine Empire ==== * [[Byzantine–Bulgarian war of 894–896|Byzantine–Bulgarian War]]: [[Stylianos Zaoutzes]], leading minister and ''[[basileopator]]'', convinces Emperor [[Leo VI the Wise|Leo VI]] ('''the Wise''') to move the Bulgarian market from [[Constantinople]] to [[Thessaloniki]]. This affects the commercial importance of Bulgarian trade. [[Simeon I of Bulgaria|Simeon I]], ruler (''[[Khan (title)|khan]]'') of the [[First Bulgarian Empire|Bulgarian Empire]], mobilizes his Bulgarian forces and invades [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] territory, ravaging the countryside.<ref>John V.A. Fine, Jr. (1991). ''A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century'', pp. 137–138. {{ISBN|978-0-472-08149-3}}.</ref> ==== Europe ==== * Spring – King [[Arnulf of Carinthia]] invades [[Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)|Italy]] at the head of an [[East Francia|East Frankish]] expeditionary army, joining up with the deposed king [[Berengar I of Italy|Berengar I]] at [[Verona]]. He conquers [[Brescia]] after little resistance, and sacks [[Bergamo]] after a one-month [[siege]]. The cities of [[Milan]] and [[Pavia]] open their doors to Arnulf. Emperor [[Guy III of Spoleto|Guy III]] escapes from Pavia, to hide in the mountains of [[Spoleto]] ([[Umbria]]). * [[March]] – Arnulf of Carinthia proceeds to [[Piacenza]], and from there invades central Italy. After a successful campaign, he calls the invasion off and returns to Pavia – probably because Duke [[Rudolph I of Burgundy]] was threatening to invade [[Lorraine]]. Arnulf has himself proclaimed [[King of Italy]] at Pavia, leaving Berengar I as his [[Regent|vice-regent]] in Italy. * Arnulf of Carinthia returns to [[Germany]] through the [[Alps]], harried by militias dispatched by Rudolph I of Burgundy and margrave [[Anscar I of Ivrea]]. Only with much difficulty is Arnulf able to get his army through the [[Aosta Valley]] and through [[St. Moritz]], back into Germany. Guy III descends from the [[Apennine Mountains|Apennines]], and re-seizes the Italian kingdom. * [[December]] – Guy III dies after a 4-year reign, and is succeeded by his 14-year-old son [[lambert of Italy|Lambert]], already associated as co-emperor since [[892]]. At the pleading of Archbishop [[Fulk (archbishop of Reims)|Fulk of Reims]], [[Pope Formosus]] reconciles with the young emperor. Lambert proceeds from Spoleto to Pavia, where he is acclaimed and crowned with the [[Iron Crown of Lombardy]]. * [[Svatopluk I of Moravia|Svatopluk I]], ruler (''[[knyaz]]'') of [[Great Moravia]], dies after a 34-year reign, in which he has united the [[Slavs|Slavic]] tribes in his kingdom. He is succeeded by his eldest son [[Mojmir II of Moravia|Mojmir II]]. The [[Principality of Nitra]] (modern-day [[Slovakia]]) is given as an [[appanage]] to his brother [[Svatopluk II]]. * [[Árpád]], head of the confederation of the [[Magyar tribes|Hungarian tribes]], comes to an agreement with the prince of the Moravians, Svatopluk II, that Hungarian and Moravian armies will together expel the [[East Francia|Eastern Franks]] from [[Pannonia]].<ref>Lajos Gubcsi (2011), ''Hungary in the Carpathian Basin'', p. 7. {{ISBN|978-963-327-515-3}}.</ref> * Prince [[Petar of Serbia]] defeats his revolting cousin [[Bran Mutimirović|Bran]]; he is captured and blinded (according to a [[Political mutilation in Byzantine culture|Byzantine tradition that meant to disqualify a person from taking the throne]]).<ref>{{citation|last=Longworth|first=Philip|title=The making of Eastern Europe: from prehistory to postcommunism|edition=1997|year=1997|publisher=[[Palgrave Macmillan]]|isbn=0-312-17445-4|page=[https://archive.org/details/makingofeasterne00long/page/321 321]|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/makingofeasterne00long/page/321}}</ref> ==== Britain ==== * The [[Vikings]] in [[Kingdom of Northumbria|Northumbria]] and [[Kingdom of East Anglia|East Anglia]] swear allegiance and hand over hostages to King [[Alfred the Great]], but promptly break their truce by attacking the southwest of [[England]]. A Viking force returns from [[Exeter]] and sails along the coast, in an attempt to plunder [[Chichester]]. They are defeated by the Saxon [[garrison]], losing many ships and men.<ref>Paul Hill (2009). ''The Viking Wars of Alfred the Great'', p. 132. {{ISBN|978-1-59416-087-5}}.</ref> * King [[Anarawd ap Rhodri|Anarawd]] of [[Kingdom of Gwynedd|Gwynedd]]'s shaky alliance with the Vikings collapses. His kingdom is ravaged by the [[Norsemen]]. Anarawd is forced to ask for help from Alfred the Great and submits to his overlordship. Alfred imposes oppressive terms and forces Anarawd's confirmation in the [[Christian Church]], with Alfred as 'godfather'. * Autumn – [[Battle of Benfleet]]: Danish Viking forces retire to [[Essex]], after being deprived of food by Alfred the Great (see [[893]]). They draw their [[longship]]s up the [[Thames]] and into the [[River Lea|Lea]], entrenching themselves at [[South Benfleet|Benfleet]].<ref>Paul Hill (2009). ''The Viking Wars of Alfred the Great'', p. 134. {{ISBN|978-1-59416-087-5}}.</ref> ==== Japan ==== * Emperor [[Emperor Uda|Uda]] orders commercial relations (called [[Imperial Japanese embassies to China]]) to cease with [[China]] (approximate date). </onlyinclude> == Births == * [[Æthelstan]], king of [[Kingdom of England|England]] (approximate date) * [[Emma of France|Emma]], queen of the [[West Francia|West Frankish Kingdom]] (d. [[934]]) * [[Flodoard]], Frankish [[Canon (priest)|canon]] and [[chronicle]]r (or [[893]]) * [[Michael Maleinos]], Byzantine [[Nobility|nobleman]] and monk (d. [[963]]) * [[Matilda of Ringelheim]], queen of [[Kingdom of Germany|Germany]] (approximate date) * [[Minamoto no Tsunemoto]], Japanese prince and [[samurai]] (d. [[961]]) * [[Ono no Michikaze]], Japanese [[Calligraphy|calligrapher]] (d. [[966]]) == Deaths == * [[April 8]] – [[Adalelm, Count of Troyes|Adalelm]], Frankish nobleman * [[August 31]] – [[Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Ta'i]], Muslim governor * [[December 12]] – [[Guy III of Spoleto|Guy III]], king of [[Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)|Italy]] and [[Holy Roman Emperor]] * [[Ali ebn-e Sahl Esfahani]], Persian [[Mysticism|mystic]] * [[Cynemund]], bishop of [[Diocese of Hereford|Hereford]] (approximate date) * [[Dae Hyeonseok]], king of [[Balhae]] ([[Korea]]) * [[Deng Chuna]], Chinese [[warlord]] and governor * [[Ibn Abi al-Dunya]], Muslim scholar * [[Kang Junli]], general of the [[Tang dynasty|Tang Dynasty]] (b. [[847]]) * [[Svatopluk I of Moravia|Svatopluk I]], ruler (''[[knyaz]]'') of [[Great Moravia]] * [[Yang Fugong]], Chinese [[eunuch]] official == References == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:894}} [[Category:894| ]]
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