Editing 977

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{About year|977|the film|977 (film)}}
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[[File:Dobrawa (274945).jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|[[Doubravka of Bohemia|Dobrawa of Bohemia]] (ca. 940/45–977)]]
Year '''977''' ([[Roman numerals|CMLXXVII]]) was a [[common year starting on Monday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===
==== Europe ====
* [[May]] &ndash; [[Boris II of Bulgaria|Boris II]], dethroned emperor (''[[tsar]]'') of [[First Bulgarian Empire|Bulgaria]], and his brother [[Roman of Bulgaria|Roman]] manage to escape from captivity in [[Constantinople]]. They reach the Bulgarian border, but Boris is killed by mistake by the border guards. Roman is crowned as new ruler, although leadership and the control of the army remain in the hands of General [[Samuel of Bulgaria|Samuel]] (a member of the [[Cometopuli dynasty|Cometopuli Dynasty]]).<ref>{{The Early Medieval Balkans|page=189}}</ref>
* [[War of the Three Henries (977–978)|War of the Three Henries]]: [[Henry III, Duke of Bavaria|Henry III]] ('''the Younger'''), duke of [[Duchy of Carinthia|Carinthia]], gets involved in a conflict over the [[Patriarchate of Aquileia]] ([[March of Verona]]) in northeastern [[Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)|Italy]]. Emperor [[Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor|Otto II]] ('''the Red''') decides in Aquileia's favor, prompting Henry III to go into revolt. He joins forces with [[Henry II, Duke of Bavaria|Henry II]] ('''the Wrangler'''), duke of [[Duchy of Bavaria|Bavaria]]. They are both joined by [[Henry I (bishop of Augsburg)|Henry I]], bishop of [[Roman Catholic Bishop of Augsburg|Augsburg]].
* [[August]] &ndash; Otto II appoints his cousin [[Charles, Duke of Lower Lorraine|Charles]], illegitimate son of the late King [[Louis IV of France|Louis IV]] ('''d'Outremer'''), as duke of [[Duchy of Lorraine|Lorraine]]. King [[Lothair of France|Lothair III]] – who claims the duchy as his own territory – declares war to the [[Holy Roman Empire]]. He leads an expedition into Lorraine accompanied by [[Hugh Capet]]. Lothair crosses the [[Meuse|Meuse River]] and takes [[Aachen]], sacking the [[Palace of Aachen|imperial palace]].<ref>Reuter, Timothy (1999). ''The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume III'', p. 388. {{ISBN|978-0-521-36447-8}}.</ref>
* Fall &ndash; Otto II invades the [[West Francia|West Frankish Kingdom]] accompanied by Charles and ravages the cities of [[Reims]], [[Soissons]] (where he halts at the [[Abbey of Saint-Médard de Soissons|Abbey of Saint Médard]] for devotions) and [[Laon]].<ref name="TC276-7">Pierre Riché (1993). ''The Carolingians: A Family Who Forced Europe'', trans. Michael Idomir Allen (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press), pp. 276-77.</ref> Lothair III escapes and flees to [[Paris]], where he is besieged by imperial forces. Charles is proclaimed 'King of the [[Francia|Franks]]' by [[Dietrich I of Metz|Dietrich I]], bishop of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Metz|Metz]], at Laon.<ref>Thérèse Charmasson, Anne-Marie le Lorrain, Martine Sonnet: ''Chronologie de l'histoire de France'', 1994, p. 90.</ref>
* [[November 30]] &ndash; Otto II is unable to take Paris, he lifts the [[siege]] of the capital and withdraws. A Frankish army under Lothair III pursues and defeats the imperial [[rearguard]] while crossing the [[Aisne (river)|Aisne River]]. Otto escapes and is forced to take refuge at Aachen with Charles, after his supplies are destroyed.<ref>Jim Bradbury (2007). ''The Capetians: Kings of France, 987–1328'', (London: Hambledon Continuum), p. 43.</ref>

==== Scotland ====
* King [[Kenneth II of Scotland]] kills his rival [[Amlaíb, King of Scotland|Amlaíb mac Illuilb]] (or '''Amlaíb'''), brother of the late King [[Cuilén]], to establish himself as Cuilén's successor.

==== Arabian Empire ====
* Spring &ndash; [[Sabuktigin]], a [[Samanid Empire|Samanid]] general, succeeds his father-in-law [[Alp-Tegin]] as governor of [[Ghazni Province|Ghazna]] (modern [[Afghanistan]]). He enlarges his dominions and founds the [[Ghaznavids|Ghaznavid Dynasty]].
* Summer &ndash; [['Adud al-Dawla]], ruler (''[[shah]]'') of the [[Buyid dynasty|Buyid Dynasty]], drives the [[Hamdanid dynasty|Hamdanids]] out of [[Mosul]] and tries to unify the country. [[Abu Taghlib]] is forced to flee to the [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] city of [[Antzitene]].
* Emir [[Sa'd al-Dawla]] recovers his capital, [[Aleppo]], from the ''[[ghulam]]'' [[Bakjur]], who receives the governorship of [[Homs]] as compensation.

=== By topic ===
==== Religion ====
* [[Æthelwold of Winchester|Æthelwold]], bishop of [[Diocese of Winchester|Winchester]], rebuilds the western end of the [[Old Minster, Winchester|Old Minster]], with twin towers and no [[apse]]s (approximate date).
* The [[Imam Ali Shrine|Imam Ali Mosque]], located in [[Najaf]] (modern [[Iraq]]), is completed by 'Adud al-Dawla.
</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[March 4]] &ndash; [[Al-Musabbihi]], Fatimid historian (d. [[1030]])
* [[Fujiwara no Teishi]], Japanese empress consort (d. [[1001]])
* [[Kōkei (monk)|Kōkei]], Japanese [[Buddhism in Japan|Buddhist]] monk (approximate date)
* [[Poppo of Stavelot|Poppo]], abbot of [[Principality of Stavelot-Malmedy|Stavelot-Malmedy]] (d. [[1048]])

== Deaths ==
* [[March 1]] &ndash; [[Rudesind]], Galician bishop (b. [[907]])
* [[November 8]] &ndash; [[Ibn al-Qūṭiyya]], Andalusian historian
* [[December 20]] &ndash; [[Fujiwara no Kanemichi]], Japanese statesman (b. [[925]])
* [[Amlaíb, King of Scotland|Amlaíb mac Illuilb]], king of [[Kingdom of Alba|Alba]] ([[Kingdom of Scotland|Scotland]])
* [[Ashot III of Armenia|Ashot III]] ('''the Merciful'''), king of [[Bagratid Armenia|Armenia]]
* [[Bisutun]], ruler of the [[Ziyarid dynasty|Ziyarid Dynasty]]
* [[Boris II of Bulgaria|Boris II]], emperor of the [[First Bulgarian Empire|Bulgarian Empire]]
* [[Doubravka of Bohemia|Dobrawa]], duchess consort of the [[Greater Poland|Polans]]
* [[Gisulf I of Salerno|Gisulf I]], prince of [[Principality of Salerno|Salerno]] (approximate date)
* [[Guo Zhongshu]], Chinese painter and [[Calligraphy|calligrapher]]
* [[Ivar of Limerick]], Norse [[Vikings|Viking]] king
* [[Kamo no Yasunori]], Japanese [[Spiritualism (beliefs)|spiritual]] advisor (b. [[917]])
* [[Oleg of the Drevlyans|Oleg]], prince of the [[Drevlians|Drevlyans]]
* [[Peter (stratopedarches)|Peter]], Byzantine [[eunuch]] general
* [[Sideman (bishop)|Sideman]], bishop of [[Diocese of Exeter|Crediton]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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