Editing AM General

{{Short description|American heavy vehicle manufacturer}}
{{Infobox company
| name = AM General LLC
| logo = Am general green logo.png
| logo_size = 200
| image = AM General Mishawaka Plant cropped.jpg
| image_size = 
| image_caption = AM General's Mishawaka Manufacturing Campus, in Indiana, 2021
| type = [[Portfolio company]]
| industry = [[automotive industry|Automotive]]
| founded = {{Start date and age|1971}}<ref name=hyde1/>
| founder = [[American Motors Corporation|American Motors]]
| predecessor = [[Kaiser Jeep]]
| hq_location_city = [[South Bend, Indiana]]
| hq_location_country = [[United States|U.S.]]
| area_served = Worldwide
| key_people = James Cannon ([[CEO]])<ref>James Cannon Joins AM General as Chief Executive Officer {{cite press release|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/james-j-cannon-joins-am-general-as-chief-executive-officer-301380253.html|title=James J. Cannon Joins AM General as Chief Executive Officer}}</ref>
| products = {{plainlist|
* [[HMMWV]]
* [[M35 series 2½-ton 6×6 cargo truck|M35 trucks]]
* [[M939 series 5-ton 6×6 truck|M939 trucks]]
* [[Humvee|Humvee C-Series]]
* [[Hummer H2]]{{refn|Only manufactured that model (2002–09) under [[contract manufacturer|contract]] from [[General Motors]]|group=n|name=gmcontract}}
* [[Mercedes-Benz R-Class]]{{refn|Only manufactured that model under contract.|group=n|name=mbcontract}}
}}
| owner = 
| parent = [[KPS Capital Partners]] (2020–)<ref name=kps1>[https://www.amgeneral.com/kps-capital-partners-to-acquire-am-general-llc/ KPS Capital Partners To Acquire AM General LLC] on AM General, 22 Jul 2020</ref>
| subsid = General Engine Products<br>General Transmission Products
| brands = 
| homepage = {{URL|https://www.amgeneral.com/|amgeneral.com}}
| footnotes = 
| intl = 
}}
'''AM General''' is an American heavy vehicle and [[contract manufacturer|contract]] automotive manufacturer based in [[South Bend, Indiana]]. It is best known for the civilian [[Hummer H1|Hummer]] and the military [[Humvee]] that are assembled in [[Mishawaka, Indiana]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amgeneral.com/our-story/track-record|title=Track Record - AM General|publisher=AM General|access-date=10 September 2016}}</ref> From 1974 to 1979 the company also manufactured [[transit bus]]es, making more than 5,400 of them.<ref name="Stauss"/>

AM General has also been a provider of vehicles for the [[Commercial Utility Cargo Vehicle|CUCV]] program carried out by the [[United States Armed Forces]].<ref name=trend>[https://www.motortrend.com/features/163-1305-military-trucks/ Military Trucks: From the Dodge WC to the GM LSSV] by Edward A. Sanchez on Motor Trend.com, 4 Jul 2013</ref>

== History ==
=== Beginning ===
AM General traces its roots to the [[Standard Wheel Company]] of [[Terre Haute, Indiana]], which expanded in 1903 to include the [[Overland Automobile|Overland Automotive]] Division.<ref name="AM-history">{{cite web |url=http://www.amgeneral.com/corporate/history.php |title=Company History |publisher=AM General |access-date=17 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100826093659/http://www.amgeneral.com/corporate/history.php |archive-date=26 August 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 1908, [[John North Willys]] purchased the Overland company, then based in [[Indianapolis, Indiana]], and renamed it [[Willys-Overland]] Motors. In 1941, the U.S. Army awarded a contract to Willys-Overland Motor Company to produce the Willys MB, also known as the Jeep, for the US Infantry. It then mass-produced that vehicle as "America's first four-wheel-drive, one-fourth-ton, tactical utility truck"—the [[Willys MB|Jeep]] of [[World War II]] fame.<ref name="AM-history" />

In 1953, [[Kaiser Motors]] purchased Willys-Overland, changing its name first to Kaiser-Willys Motor Company, and in 1963, to [[Kaiser-Jeep]] Corporation. In 1970, it was purchased by [[American Motors Corporation]] (AMC). In July 2020, [[KPS Capital Partners]] acquired the company.<ref>{{Cite news|url= https://www.defensenews.com/land/2020/07/22/private-equity-firm-buys-humvee-maker-am-general/|title=Private equity firm buys Humvee-maker AM General|website=defensenews.com|date=2020-07-22 |access-date=2020-10-02}}</ref>

=== Defense and Government Products Division ===
In 1964, Kaiser-Jeep purchased the [[Studebaker#Studebaker Factories|Studebaker facilities on Chippewa Avenue]] in [[South Bend, Indiana]], which included Studebaker's "General Products Division", along with its substantial defense contracts.

At the time, Kaiser had been awarded a [[United States dollar|US$]]87 million Army truck contract, and under government pressure, agreed to perform the work at the South Bend plant it had recently acquired from Studebaker.

=== American Motors ===
In 1970, [[American Motors|American Motors Corporation]] (AMC) purchased the Jeep Corporation from Kaiser, when Kaiser decided to leave the auto business.<ref>{{cite book|last=Statham |first=Steve |title=Jeep Color History |year=2002 |publisher=MotorBooks International |isbn=978-0-7603-0636-9 |pages=97–100 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=dR3wmKlfnrMC&q=Kaiser+sold+the+Jeep+division+to+American+Motors&pg=PA99 |access-date=17 May 2015}}</ref>

In 1971, AMC made the General Products Division of [[Jeep]] (producing military trucks as well as contract and non-commercial vehicles) a [[wholly owned subsidiary]] and renamed it "AM General Corporation".<ref name=hyde1>{{cite book |last=Hyde|first=Charles K. |title=Storied Independent Automakers: Nash, Hudson, and American Motors |publisher=Wayne State University Press |year=2009 |page=194 |isbn=978-0-8143-3446-1}}</ref>

In 1982, American Motors ceased to function as an independent [[automaker]], when [[Renault]] purchased a controlling interest.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Foster |first=Patrick |title=Biography: Roy Chapin, Jr. |journal=Automobile Quarterly |year=2002 |volume=42 |issue=3 |page=109}}</ref>

US government regulations at that time forbade ownership of [[defense contractor]]s by foreign governments—and Renault was partially owned by the French government.<ref>{{cite book |first1=Byron |last1=Olsen |first2=Joseph P. |last2=Cabadas |first3=Joseph |last3=Cabadas |title=The American Auto Factory|year=2002|publisher=MotorBooks International|isbn=978-0-7603-1059-5|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=iZJzb91qsE4C&q=the+Pentagon+didn't+want+a+French-+controlled+company+making+American+military+equipment&pg=PA127 |page=127 |quote=The Pentagon didn't want a French-controlled company making American military equipment |access-date=21 September 2010}}</ref>

=== LTV Corporation ===
In 1983, [[LTV Corporation]] bought AM General and established it as a wholly owned subsidiary. In 1984, its headquarters moved from the American Motors AMTEK Building in [[Detroit, Michigan|Detroit]], [[Michigan]], to [[Livonia, Michigan]], and two years later to South Bend, Indiana, where primary manufacturing operations were located.

=== Renco Group ===
In 1992, AM General was sold to [[Renco Group]], which in 2002 converted it to a [[limited liability company]].

=== Hummer brand ===
In 1984, AM General built a factory at 13200 McKinley Hwy in Mishawaka, for HMMWV production.

In 1992, AM General began marketing the HMMWV to the civilian market under the [[Hummer]] brand. In 1999, GM acquired the rights to the brand and continued production of the original civilian Hummer as the [[Hummer H1|H1]] until June 2006.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.foxnews.com/story/gm-end-of-production-line-for-hummer-h1 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20071022152436/https://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,195303,00.html?sPage=fnc.business%2Fautos |archive-date=22 October 2007 |publisher=Fox News |title=GM: End of Production Line for Hummer H1 |agency=Associated Press |date=12 May 2006 |access-date=17 May 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2002, the [[Hummer H2]] went on the market, and was produced until January 2009. It was designed and marketed by GM, and manufactured by AM General at the Mishawaka plant. AM General did not build the H3 model.

GM was sued early in 2003 by [[DaimlerChrysler]], owners of the [[Jeep]] brand, for the resemblance of the Hummer's seven-slot grille to Jeep's.<ref>{{cite web| url= http://www.autointell.com/News-2001/February-2001/February-21-02-p2.htm |title=DaimlerChrysler Files Suit to Block Copycat Jeep Grille |website=autointell.com |date=21 February 2001 |access-date=17 May 2015}}</ref> The lawsuit was dismissed after acknowledgment of the shared corporate history of AMC and Jeep.<ref>{{cite web |first1=K.C. |last1=Crain |first2=Dale |last2=Jewett |title=GM wins another round in the Hummer-Jeep grille battle |url= https://www.autonews.com/article/20021125/ANA/211250721/gm-wins-another-round-in-the-hummer-jeep-grille-battle |work=Automotive News |access-date=10 June 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200610173721/https://www.autonews.com/article/20021125/ANA/211250721/gm-wins-another-round-in-the-hummer-jeep-grille-battle |archive-date=10 June 2020 |date=25 November 2002}}</ref> GM in turn sued boutique automaker Avanti Motor Corporation of Cancun, Mexico after it introduced the Studebaker XUV at the Chicago Auto show in 2002. GM said Avanti infringed on the Hummer looks by planning a vehicle that closely resembled the Hummer. It seemed the AM General Hummer line had gone full circle back to the original Studebaker General Products Division which was responsible for all military contracts.

=== 2004–present ===
In August 2004, it was announced that [[Ronald Perelman]]'s [[MacAndrews & Forbes]] company would form a joint venture with AM General's then-owner, Renco Group, to give Perelman 70% ownership. The deal reportedly cost close to US$1 billion.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Andrew Ross |last1=Sorkin |first2=Danny |last2=Hakim |title=Perelman Seeks Controlling Stake in Maker of Hummer |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/08/10/business/perelman-seeks-controlling-stake-in-maker-of-hummer.html |newspaper=The New York Times |date=10 August 2004 |access-date=17 May 2015}}</ref>

In 2008, AM General and the [[MV-1|Vehicle Production Group]] (VPG), of [[Troy, Michigan]], announced that contracts had been signed for AM General to begin producing purpose-built taxi-cabs in 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.standardtaxi.com/documents/Issue_11.htm |title=VPG Partners with AM General to Build the Standard Taxi! |publisher=Vehicle Production Group |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080815041910/http://www.standardtaxi.com/documents/Issue_11.htm |archive-date=August 15, 2008 |access-date=December 29, 2017}}</ref> Production began in October 2011. The first vehicle off the line was presented to Marc Buoniconti, a former linebacker for [[The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina|The Citadel]] who was partially paralyzed in 1985.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.autoblog.com/2011/10/06/2011-vpg-autos-mv-1-quick-spin-review/ |date=6 October 2011 |title=2011 VPG Autos MV-1 |first=Steven J. |last=Ewing |website=autoblog.com |access-date=17 May 2015}}</ref>

In May 2010, [[Azure Dynamics]] announced it had chosen AM General to assemble its electric drivetrain for [[Ford Transit Connect]] vehicles for the North American market at its Livonia, Michigan, factory.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.freep.com/article/20100518/BUSINESS01/100518048/1210/AM-General-to-assemble-electric-Transit-Connect |first=Brent |last=Snavely |title=AM General to assemble electric Transit Connect |date=28 May 2010 |access-date=17 May 2015}}</ref>

In September 2013, AM General reached an agreement to purchase the [[United States Department of Energy]]'s secured loan to the [[Vehicle Production Group]] (VPG). Prior to this, AM General acted as the sole vehicle assembler for VPG. As a result of this transaction, AM General created a wholly owned company, Mobility Ventures LLC, to operate the Mobility Vehicle-1 (MV-1) business and receive all VPG assets.<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://www.amgeneral.com/corporate/news/amg-announces-agreement-for-vehicle-production-group |title=AM General Announces Agreement Leading To Ownership And Control Of The Vehicle Production Group |date=5 September 2013 |publisher=AM General |access-date=17 May 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129070847/http://www.amgeneral.com/corporate/news/amg-announces-agreement-for-vehicle-production-group |archive-date=29 November 2014}}</ref>

In 2015, production of the [[Mercedes-Benz R-Class]] began at the Mishawaka assembly plant.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/cars/2015/01/27/mercedes-benz-am-general/22413627/ |title=Mercedes-Benz moves R-Class output to AM General |first=Greg |last=Gardner |agency=Detroit Free Press |date=27 January 2015 |newspaper=USA Today |access-date=24 November 2016}}</ref> Without this deal, "the German automaker would likely have had to shut down production of the vehicle, currently only sold in China."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.autonews.com/article/20150811/OEM01/150819973/mercedes-r-class-production-launched-at-am-general |title=Mercedes R class production launched at AM General |date=11 August 2015 |first=Nora |last=Naughton |newspaper=Automotive News |access-date=24 November 2016}}</ref> Production ended in October 2017.{{citation needed|date=December 2017}}

In July 2020, investment company [[KPS Capital Partners]] acquired AM General from its previous owner, [[MacAndrews & Forbes]].<ref name=kps1/><ref name=pw1>[https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/kps-capital-partners-adquirira-am-general-llc-852949524.html KPS Capital Partners adquirirá AM General LLC] on PR Newswire, 22 Jul 2020</ref>

AM General submitted a prototype to become the [[United States Postal Service]]'s [[Next Generation Delivery Vehicle]], but their entry was not chosen.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://jalopnik.com/here-are-all-the-mail-trucks-that-didn-t-get-selected-1846349662 |title=Here Are All The Mail Trucks That Didn't Get Selected |last=Rodríguez |first=José Jr. |date=25 February 2021 |website=[[Jalopnik]] |access-date=14 August 2021}}</ref>

== Products ==
=== Jeep Dispatcher 100 ===
[[File:Jeep-dj5.jpg|thumb|A 1975 AM General RWD postal delivery van]]
Another familiar product from the AM General line was the [[Jeep DJ]]-5 series—a purpose-built "Dispatch Jeep" 2-wheel drive (RWD) version of the [[Jeep CJ-5]]—used in huge numbers as a right-hand drive mail delivery vehicle by the [[United States Postal Service]].

=== Buses ===
[[File:Portland AM General bus in 1984.jpg|thumb|A 1976 AM General bus of Tri-Met, in Portland, Oregon, with an AM General logo on the front]]

The [[AM General Metropolitan]] [[transit bus|bus]]es were manufactured for city transit use from 1974 until 1979, producing a total of 5,431 buses, including 219 [[trolleybus|electric trolley bus]]es.<ref name="Stauss">{{cite book|last=Stauss |first=Ed |year=1988 | title=The Bus World Encyclopedia of Buses |pages=20–22, 116–117 |publisher=Stauss Publications |isbn=978-0-9619830-0-0}}</ref> The Metropolitan was built under a 1971 agreement with [[New Flyer Industries|Flyer Industries]] of [[Winnipeg]], Manitoba. AM General licensed the rights to build and market the [[Western Flyer D700]] for the US market. The D700 itself was similar in design to the contemporaneous [[GM New Look bus]]es.<ref name=CC-AMG/>

The front end of the D700 was restyled, and thus the resulting Metropolitan was not simply a Flyer design built under license but rather a jointly designed vehicle. Flyer later adopted the design changes for its own line as the [[Flyer 700/800/900 series|models D800 and E800]].<ref name="Stauss" /> Buses were built in lengths of either {{convert|35|ft|m|1|abbr=on}} or {{convert|40|ft|m|1|abbr=on}}, and widths of {{convert|96|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} or {{convert|102|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}.<ref name=CC-AMG>{{cite web |url=http://www.curbsideclassic.com/bus-stop-classic/bus-stop-classic-flxible-and-am-general-new-look-buses-playing-second-fiddle-to-gm/ |title=Bus Stop Classic: Flxible and AM General New Look Buses – Playing Second Fiddle to GM |author=Brophy, Jim |date=March 12, 2016 |publisher=Curbside Classic |access-date=28 January 2019}}</ref>

The model numbers reflected the chosen dimensions. For example, model "10240" indicated a 102-inch wide, 40-foot long bus. Suffixes "A" or "B" were used for later models to indicate certain options. In total, 3,571 40-foot diesel buses and 1,641 35-foot diesel buses were produced.<ref name="Stauss"/>

=== Articulated buses ===
[[File:Seattle 1979 MAN articulated bus on Lenora St in 1994.jpg|thumb|A [[MAN Truck & Bus|MAN]] [[articulated bus]] in Seattle that was completed by AM General]]

In 1977–1979, AM General worked under a partnership with [[MAN Truck & Bus|MAN]] of Germany to build [[MAN SG 220|SG 220]] [[articulated bus]]es for US transit systems. MAN fabricated the bodyshells in Germany and shipped them to the US for AM General for final assembly.<ref name="mca-feb85">{{cite journal|title=AM General Corporation (history of) |journal=Motor Coach Age |date=February 1985 |pages=3–18 |issn=0739-117X }}</ref> Two different lengths were offered, {{convert|55|ft|m|1|abbr=on}} and {{convert|60|ft|m|1|abbr=on}}. 93 buses were built to the shorter length and the rest were 60&nbsp;feet long. In October 1978,<ref name="mca-feb85"/> the company discontinued bus production, with the last unit completed in March 1979.<ref name="Stauss"/> The total number built was just under 400 (392<ref name="mca-feb85"/> or 399<ref name="Stauss"/>), the largest group being 150 for Seattle's [[King County Metro|Metro Transit]].<ref name="Stauss"/> MAN subsequently set up its own factory for US production in [[Cleveland, North Carolina]].<ref name="Stauss"/>

=== Trolleybuses ===
Production of complete [[motor bus]]es (and of any two-axle motor buses) ended in 1978. Aside from the fitting-out of the last articulated MAN shells, the only production in 1979 was two batches of [[trolleybus]]es, the only such vehicles ever built by the company.<ref name="Murray">{{cite book|last=Murray |first=Alan |year=2000 |title=World Trolleybus Encyclopaedia |publisher=Trolleybooks |isbn= 978-0-904235-18-0 }}</ref> These were all {{convert|40|ft|m|1|adj=on}} vehicles, model 10240T: 110 trackless trolleys for the [[Trolleybuses in Philadelphia|Philadelphia trolleybus system]], operated by [[SEPTA]], and 109 for the [[Trolleybuses in Seattle|Seattle trolleybus system]], operated by [[King County Metro|Metro Transit]], now King County Metro. One of the latter has been preserved since its retirement in 2003 by King County Metro (see [[King County Metro fleet]]).

== Development and production of the HMMWV ==
[[File:060322-N-5438H-018 U.S. Army soldiers assigned to the Bravo Battery 3rd Battalion 320th Field Artillery Regiment along with Iraq Army soldiers from the 1st Battalion 1st Brigade 4th Division perform a routine patrol.jpg|thumb|An AM General HMMWV in Iraq]]

In 1979, AM General began preliminary design work on the [[Humvee|M998 Series High Mobility Multi-Purpose Wheeled Vehicle]] HMMWV, pronounced Humvee, a 1.25-ton truck intended to replace the [[M151]] and other [[Military light utility vehicle|Light Utility Vehicle]]s. In 1981, the US Army awarded AM General a prototype contract. In 1982, development and operational testing was conducted over a five-month period. In March 1983, AM General won an initial $1.2 billion contract to produce 55,000 Humvees, to be delivered in five basic models and 15 different configurations over a five-year period.

In the fall of 1984, production began at the [[Mishawaka, Indiana]], assembly plant. In early 1985, the first deliveries were made. The total international production by mid-1991 was more than 72,000. After 1991, an additional 20,000 HMMWVs ordered brought total international production to 100,000 in March 1995.

Late in 2000, AM General was awarded another contract for 2,962 M998A2 series trucks. The contract contained six single-year options running to the fiscal year 2007 and continues to be renewed. Nearly 250,000 units have been produced.

Humvees feature full-time four-wheel drive, an independent suspension, steep [[approach and departure angles]], 60-percent grade ability and {{convert|16|in|mm|0}} of ground clearance. More recent production models include the M1151, M1152, M1165, and M1167. As of 2015, Humvees are in use by the US Army, Marine Corps, Air Force, and Navy. The combined fleet numbers 140,000.<ref name="Shalal" /> More than 50 nations have bought these vehicles.

=== Replacement ===
{{Main|Joint Light Tactical Vehicle}}

The Humvee's replacement, a completely new [[Joint Light Tactical Vehicle]] (JLTV) design, has been in production by [[Oshkosh Corporation]] since 2016.<ref name="Shalal">{{cite news|url= https://www.reuters.com/article/usa-military-humvees-idUSL1N1102HJ20150825 |date=2015-08-25 |title=Update: 3-Oshkosh Corp wins U.S. Army award for Humvee replacement |first=Andrea |last=Shalal |work=Reuters |access-date=2015-08-25}}</ref> AM General was unsuccessful in its bid for this $30-billion 25-year contract, and it is now focused on military Humvee support (they still outnumber JLTVs by three to one) and development of a new ambulance model.<ref>[http://www.nationaldefensemagazine.org/archive/2015/October/Pages/JointLightTacticalVehicleAwardShakesUpIndustry.aspx Joint Light Tactical Vehicle Award Shakes Up Industry] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170209031019/http://www.nationaldefensemagazine.org/archive/2015/October/pages/JointLightTacticalVehicleAwardShakesUpIndustry.aspx |date=2017-02-09 }} - Nationaldefensemagazine.org, October 2015</ref>

In February 2023, the US Army granted AM General a production contract worth more than $8.66bn to deliver next-generation JLTV A2 vehicles, under the US Army and the US Marine Corps’ Joint Light Tactical Vehicle (JLTV) programme.

Under the contract, AM General will produce approximately 20,682 JLTV vehicles and 9,883 trailers. The contract includes the integration of technological enhancements for delivery to the US Armed Forces.

Oshkosh Defense won the initial contract to supply its JLTV vehicles for the program.<ref>https://www.army-technology.com/projects/next-generation-joint-light-tactical-vehicle-a2-jltv-a2-usa/?cf-view</ref>

== Other military vehicles ==
AM General also acquired [[US Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] contracts for medium and heavy trucks, including the [[M151A2|M151 series]],<ref>[[M151 Truck, Utility, l/4-Ton, 4×4]]</ref> 2 1/2 ton [[M35 2-1/2 ton cargo truck|M35 series]], and 5 ton [[M809 series 5-ton 6×6 truck|M809 series]] in the 1970s, then the [[M939 Truck|M939 series]] in the 1980s.

In 2005, AM General was contracted to take over militarization, sales, and marketing of [[CUCV#LSSV|LSSV]] vehicles.<ref>{{cite web|title=Light Service Support Vehicle (LSSV) |url= http://olive-drab.com/idphoto/id_photos_lssv.php |work=Olive-Drab |access-date=17 May 2015}}</ref><ref name=trend/>

== Notes ==
{{reflist|group=n}}

== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
* {{official website}}

{{AM General}}
{{North American bus builders}}
{{Automotive industry in the United States}}
{{Renco Group}}
{{MacAndrews & Forbes}}
{{Authority control}}
{{portal bar|Cars|Companies|United States}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Am General}}
[[Category:AM General]]
[[Category:Defense companies of the United States]]
[[Category:Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1971]]
[[Category:Motor vehicle manufacturers based in Indiana]]
[[Category:Companies based in St. Joseph County, Indiana]]
[[Category:South Bend, Indiana]]
[[Category:Bus manufacturers of the United States]]
[[Category:American Motors]]
[[Category:Military vehicle manufacturers]]
[[Category:Car manufacturers of the United States]]
[[Category:Trolleybus manufacturers]]
[[Category:American companies established in 1971]]
[[Category:1971 establishments in Indiana]]
[[Category:Contract vehicle manufacturers]]
[[Category:Electric vehicle manufacturers of the United States]]