Editing Abd al-Mu'min

{{Short description|Founder and Caliph of the Almohad Caliphate from 1133 to 1163}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name         = Abd al-Mu'min
| title        = [[Caliph]] and [[Amir al-Mu'minin]]
| image        = Abdalmumin ben ali nedroma statue.jpg
| caption      = Statue of Abd al Mumin in [[Nedroma]], [[Algeria]]
| succession   = Ruler of the [[Almohad Caliphate]]
| reign        = 1133–1163
| issue        = [[Abu Yaqub Yusuf]]<br /> Aisha bint Abd al-Mu'min<ref>{{Cite book |last=Fierro |first=Maribel |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7bMbEAAAQBAJ&q=A%E2%80%99isha&pg=PT85 |title='Abd al-Mu'min: Mahdism and Caliphate in the Islamic West |date=2021-11-04 |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]] |isbn=978-0-86154-192-8 |pages=73 |language=en}}</ref>
| full name    = Abd al-Mu'min ibn Ali al-Kumi
| predecessor  = 
| successor    = [[Abu Yaqub Yusuf]]
| royal house  = 
| dynasty      = [[Almohad dynasty|Almohad]]
| father       = Ali ibn Makhluf al-Kumi
| mother       = Ta'lu bint Atiyya ibn al-Khayr<ref>{{Cite book |last=Fierro |first=Maribel |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7bMbEAAAQBAJ&q=Ta%E2%80%99lu&pg=PT85 |title='Abd al-Mu'min: Mahdism and Caliphate in the Islamic West |date=2021-11-04 |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]] |isbn=978-0-86154-192-8 |pages=69 |language=en}}</ref>
| birth_date   = c. 1094
| birth_place  = Tagra, [[Tlemcen]], [[Hammadid dynasty|Hammadid kingdom]]<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CurSh3Sh_KMC&pg=PA4 |title = Dictionary of World Biography: The Middle Ages - Google Books|isbn = 9781579580414|last1 = Magill|first1 = Frank Northen|last2 = Aves|first2 = Alison|year = 1998| publisher=Routledg | quote='Abd al-Mu'min ibn 'Ali ibn Makhluf ibn Yu'la ibn Marwan, born in 1094 in Tagra (now in Algeria), was the son of Ali, a humble potter and member of the Koumiya, an Arabized section of the Berber Zanata tribe.}}</ref><ref name="Encyclopedia Britannica"/><ref name=Fierro>Fierro, Maribel. 2021. [https://books.google.com/books?id=7bMbEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT65 'Abd al-Mu'min: Mahdism and Caliphate in the Islamic West]. [[Simon & Schuster]]. "Having been born in Hammadid territory, 'Abd al-Mu'min must have been aware of this, and in his military expeditions the navy played an important role."</ref>
| death_date   = 1163 (aged c. 69)
| death_place  = [[Salé]], [[Almohad Caliphate]]
| date of burial = 
| place of burial = 
| spouse       = Safiya bint Abi Imran
| religion     = [[Islam]]|
}}
'''Abd al-Mu'min''' (c. 1094–1163) ({{langx|ar|عبد المؤمن بن علي or عبد المومن الــكـومي}}; full name: '''ʿAbd al-Muʾmin ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿAlwī ibn Yaʿlā al-Kūmī''' '''Abū Muḥammad''')<ref name="EI2" /> was a prominent member of the [[Almohad]] movement. Although the Almohad movement itself was founded by [[Ibn Tumart]], Abd al-Mu'min was the founder of the ruling dynasty and creator of the Almohad empire.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=xowm255qOzQC&pg=PA180 The Cambridge Companion to Arabic Philosophy - Cambridge University PressBy Cambridge companion to philosophy]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=RHZC5hsDWGkC Oye, Ogun Journal of Arts, Volume 4 Faculty of Arts, Ogun State University]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=OO4pAQAAMAAJ The Encyclopaedia of Islam: NED-SAMHamilton Alexander Rosskeen Gibb]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=52BmAAAAMAAJ The McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of World Biography: An International Reference Work, Volume 1]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=eL3XAAAAMAAJ The Religious Traditions of Africa: A History - Elizabeth Isichei]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=JqToAAAAMAAJ Encyclopaedia Britannica: Macropaedia: knowledge in depth. 19 vEncyclopaedia Britannica, Incorporated]</ref> As a leader of the Almohad movement he became the first [[Caliph]] of the Almohad Empire in 1133, after the death in 1130 of the movement's founder, Ibn Tumart, and ruled until his death in 1163. Abd al-Mu'min put his predecessor's doctrine of [[Almohad doctrine|Almohadism]] into practice, defeated the [[Almoravid dynasty|Almoravids]], and extended his rule across [[Al-Andalus]] (on the [[Iberian Peninsula]]) and as far as [[Tunis]] in [[Ifriqiya]] (present-day [[Tunisia]]), thus bringing the [[Maghreb]] in [[North Africa]] and Al-Andalus in [[Europe]] under one creed and one government.<ref>[[Kojiro Nakamura]], "Ibn Mada's Criticism of Arab Grammarians." ''Orient'', v. 10, pgs. 89-113. 1974</ref><ref name=":23" />

== Early life ==
[[File:Motagne Tajra-Tlemcen-Honaïne-Almohade-Samir Terkih.jpg|thumb|Road leading to Mount Tajra, the highest point of the Eastern [[Trara Mountains|Trara mountains]] range, where Abd al-Mu'min was born, in [[Nedroma]], [[Tlemcen Province]]]]
Abd al-Mu'min was born in the village of Tagra,<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=CurSh3Sh_KMC&pg=PA4 Dictionary of World Biography: The Middle Ages - Page 4]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=EMTXAAAAMAAJ Encyclopaedia of the World Muslims: Tribes, Castes and Communities]</ref> near [[Tlemcen]], in the [[Hammadid dynasty|Kingdom of the Hammadids]], present-day [[Algeria]],<ref name="Encyclopedia Britannica">{{cite web |title=ʿAbd al-Muʾmin - Almohad caliph |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Abd-al-Mumin |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220425012020/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Abd-al-Mumin |archive-date=25 April 2022 |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |quote=ʿAbd al-Muʾmin, in full ʿAbd al-Muʾmin ibn ʿAli, (born c. 1094, Tagra, Kingdom of the Ḥammādids—died 1163, Rabat, Almohad Empire), Berber caliph of the Almohad dynasty (reigned 1130–63) ...}}</ref><ref name=Fierro /> into the [[Kumiya]] tribe, an [[Arabization|Arabized]] section of the [[Berbers|Berber]] [[Zenata]] tribal confederation.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Magill |first1=Frank Northen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CurSh3Sh_KMC&pg=PA4 |title=Dictionary of World Biography: The Middle Ages - Google Books |last2=Aves |first2=Alison |publisher=Routledg |year=1998 |isbn=9781579580414 |quote='Abd al-Mu'min ibn 'Ali ibn Makhluf ibn Yu'la ibn Marwan, born in 1094 in Tagra (now in Algeria), was the son of Ali, a humble potter and member of the Koumiya, an Arabized section of the Berber Zanata tribe.}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last1=Gates |first1=Henry Louis |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195382075.001.0001/acref-9780195382075-e-0018?rskey=x05bKf&result=15 |title=Dictionary of African Biography |last2=Akyeampong |first2=Emmanuel |last3=Niven |first3=Steven |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2012 |isbn=9780199857258 |language=English}}</ref> This tribe settled in the north of what is now the [[Oran|province of Oran]], not far from [[Nedroma]].<ref name="EI2">{{EI2|volume=1|last=Lévi-Provençal|first=Évariste|title='Abd al-Mu'min|pages=78–79}}</ref> His father was a potter from Nedroma.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=QP0PAQAAIAAJ&q=%22berber+of+the+tribe+of+the+Kumiya,+was+the+son+of+a+potter+of+Nedroma The Muslims: Encyclopaedia of Islam : Including Entries Prepared by a Number of Leading Orientalists and Modern Islamic Scholars, Volume 1 - Page 255]</ref>

While young, Abd al-Mu'min went to Tlemcen to learn the [[Fiqh]]. His tutor died before he could complete his study. He then was made aware of a learned and pious [[Faqih]] called ''Feqih Soussi'' (later known as [[Ibn Tumart]]) who was travelling from the east on his way to his native land in [[Tinmel]], present-day [[Morocco]]. Abd al-Mu'min and his peers wanted to convince Ibn Tumart to settle in Tlemcen, so he was sent to Ibn Tumart with a letter from the students inviting him to come to their land.  The two met at Mellala near [[Béjaïa|Bejaïa]].<ref name="Ibn Khaldun2">{{cite book |title= تاريخ ابن خلدون: ديوان المبتدأ و الخبر في تاريخ العرب و البربر و من عاصرهم من ذوي الشأن الأكبر |last= Ibn Khaldun |first=Abderahman |author-link=Ibn Khaldun |year=1377 |publisher= دار الفكر | volume= 6 |page=167 }}</ref>  Ibn Tumart turned down the invitation, but Abd al-Mu'min stayed with him and they continued the journey together to [[Morocco]].<ref name="Ibn Khaldun2"/>

== Political life ==

Some time around 1117, Abd al-Mu'min became a follower of [[Ibn Tumart]],<ref name="EB">{{cite encyclopedia|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|title='Abd al-Mu'min|edition=15th|year=2010|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.|volume=I: A-Ak - Bayes|location=Chicago, IL|isbn=978-1-59339-837-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/newencyclopaedia2009ency/page/15 15–16]|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/newencyclopaedia2009ency/page/15}}</ref> leader of the [[Masmudas]] (a [[Berbers|Berber]] tribe of present-day western Morocco<ref>{{cite web | url=https://ehrafworldcultures.yale.edu/ehrafe/cultureDescription.do?owc=MW11 | title=EHRAF World Cultures }}</ref>), a religious and military leader of renowned piety who had founded the [[Almohads]] as a religious order with the goal of restoring purity in Islam.  His group had long been at odds with the [[Almoravid dynasty|Almoravids]] and had been forced into exile in the mountains. Abd al-Mu'min stayed with Ibn Tumart as he journeyed slowly towards [[Marrakech|Marrakesh]]. It was there that his mentor declared himself the ''[[Mahdi]]'' (divinely guided one) and that he was opposed to the [[Almoravid dynasty]].<ref name="EB" /> After this pronouncement, the group moved to the [[Atlas Mountains]] and gathered followers there. In time they created a small Almohad state. During an attack on Marrakesh, al-Bashir the second in command, was killed and Abd al-Mu'min was named to take his place.<ref name="EB" />

When Ibn Tumart died in 1130 at his [[ribat]] in [[Tinmel]],<ref name="EI2" /><ref name=":23" /> after suffering a severe defeat at the hands of the Almoravids, Abd al-Mu'min and the council of ten kept the death of Ibn Tumart secret for 3 years,<ref name="Ibn Khaldun3">{{cite book |title= تاريخ ابن خلدون: ديوان المبتدأ و الخبر في تاريخ العرب و البربر و من عاصرهم من ذوي الشأن الأكبر | last= Ibn Khaldun |first=Abderahman |author-link=Ibn Khaldun |year=1377 |publisher= دار الفكر | volume= 6 |pages=305–306 }}</ref> since the Almohads were going through a difficult time in their fight against the Almoravids. Abd al-Mu'min also feared that the Masmuda (the Berber tribe of Ibn Tumart) would not accept him as their leader since he was an outsider. He did eventually lead the Almohads when a family relationship was arranged between him and Cheikh Abu Hafs, the leader of the Masmuda.<ref name="Ibn Khaldun2" /> He then came forward as the lieutenant of Ibn Tumart, became the leader of the movement, and forged it into a powerful military force. He proclaimed himself Caliph, with the titles of {{Transliteration|ar|Khalifat al-Mahdi}} ('Representative of the Mahdi') and later – probably after the [[Almohad conquest of Marrakesh (1147)|conquest of Marrakesh]] – of ''[[Amir al-Mu'minin]]'' ('Prince/Commander of the Believers').<ref>{{Cite book |last=Fierro |first=Maribel |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7bMbEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT101 |title='Abd al-Mu'min: Mahdism and Caliphate in the Islamic West |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]] |year=2021 |isbn=978-0-86154-192-8 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="EI2" /> He eventually adopted an Arab [[Qays]]i genealogy that included the prophet [[Muhammad]].<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Bowering |first1=Gerhard |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q1I0pcrFFSUC&q=qaysi+genealogy&pg=PA34 |title=The Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought |last2=Crone |first2=Patricia |last3=Kadi |first3=Wadad |last4=Mirza |first4=Mahan |last5=Stewart |first5=Devin J. |last6=Zaman |first6=Muhammad Qasim |date=2013 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-13484-0 |pages=34 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Fierro |first=Maribel |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7bMbEAAAQBAJ&q=Qaysi+Arabs%2C+the+tribe+form+which&pg=PT140 |title='Abd al-Mu'min: Mahdism and Caliphate in the Islamic West |date=2021-11-04 |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]] |isbn=978-0-86154-192-8 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Meri |first=Josef W. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BFZsBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA38 |title=Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia |date=2005-10-31 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-135-45603-0 |pages=38 |language=en}}</ref> Under him, the Almohads swept down from the mountains, eventually destroying the power of the faltering Almoravid dynasty by 1147.

Abd al-Mu'min created his empire by first winning control of the high Atlas Mountains, then the Middle Atlas, into the [[Rif]] region, eventually moving into his homeland north of [[Tlemcen]].<ref name=EB/> In 1145, after the Almoravids lost the leader of their [[Catalonia|Catalan]] mercenaries, [[Reverter de La Guardia|Reveter]], the Almohads defeated them in open battle. From this point the Almohads moved west onto the Atlantic coastal plain. After laying siege to Marrakesh, they finally captured it in 1147.<ref name=EB/> Traditional accounts state that after establishing his capital at Marrakesh, Abd al-Mu'min created a dilemma in that the Almohads considered it a city of heretics. He contented himself with the destruction of their palace and mosques, although it is not clear whether these were actually demolished or merely abandoned.<ref name=":22">{{Cite book|last=Deverdun|first=Gaston|title=Marrakech: Des origines à 1912|publisher=Éditions Techniques Nord-Africaines|year=1959|isbn=|location=Rabat|pages=}}</ref>

The Almohads' involvement in Al-Andalus began as early as 1145, when Ali ibn Isa ibn Maymun, the Almoravid naval commander of [[Cádiz|Cadiz]], defected to 'Abd al-Mu'min.<ref name="EI2" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Kennedy|first=Hugh|title=Muslim Spain and Portugal: A Political History of al-Andalus|publisher=Routledge|year=1996|isbn=9781317870418|location=|pages=}}</ref>{{Rp|202}}<ref name=":23" />{{Rp|75}} In the same year, Ibn Qasi, the ruler of [[Silves, Portugal|Silves]], was one of the first Andalusian leaders to appeal for Almohad intervention in Al-Andalus in order to stop the advance of the Christian kingdoms, whom the faltering Almoravids were unable to contain. In 1147 Abd al-Mu'min sent a military force led by another Almoravid defector, Abu Ishaq Barraz, who captured [[Algeciras]] and [[Tarifa]] before moving west to [[Niebla, Spain|Niebla]], [[Badajoz]], and the [[Algarve]]. The Almoravids in [[Seville]] were besieged in 1147 until the city was captured in 1148 with local support.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":23" />{{Rp|74–78}}

Around this time a major rebellion centred in the [[Sous|Sous valley]], led by Muhammad ibn 'Abd Allah al-Massi, shook the Almohad Empire and took on religious dimensions, rallying various tribes to counter the Almohads. Some important cities such as [[Ceuta]], [[Salé]], and [[Sijilmasa|Sijilmassa]] overthrew their Almohad governors. An Almoravid, Yahya ibn al-Sahrawiyya, was declared ruler of Ceuta. After initial Almohad setbacks, the rebellion was eventually suppressed thanks to Abd al-Mu'min's lieutenant, Umar al-Hintati, who led a force that killed al-Massi. Abd al-Mu'min is said to have resorted to more draconian measures afterwards and initiated a purge of people he thought might be disloyal among the subject Berber tribes, allegedly resulting in around 30,000 executions.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|203}}<ref name=":23" />{{Rp|72–73}}

The rebellion had taxed Almohad resources and resulted in temporary reversals in Al-Andalus too, but the Almohads soon went on the offensive again. Responding to local appeals from Muslim officials, they took control of [[Córdoba, Spain|Cordoba]] in 1149, saving the city from the forces of Alfonso VII.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|204}} The remaining Almoravids in Al-Andalus, led by [[Yahya ibn Ghaniya]], were by then confined to [[Granada]]. In 1150 or 1151 Abd al-Mu'min summoned the leaders and notables of Al-Andalus under his control to Ribat al-Fath ([[Rabat]]), where he made them pledge loyalty to him, apparently as a political demonstration of his power.<ref name=":23" /><ref name=":0" /> The Almoravids in Granada were defeated in 1155 and retreated to the Balearic Islands, where they held out for several decades.<ref name=":23" />

For much of the 1150s, however, Abd al-Mu'min concentrated his efforts on expanding eastwards across North Africa to Ifriqiya.<ref name=":23" /><ref name=":0" /> By 1151, he had reached [[Constantine, Algeria|Constantine]] where he confronted a coalition of Arab tribes that had been marching through Berber lands. Rather than destroying these tribes, he utilised them for his campaigns in al-Andalus and they also helped to quell any internal opposition from the family of Ibn Tumart.<ref name="EB" /> Abd al-Mu'min led his forces to conquer Tunis in 1159, going on to progressively establish control over Ifriqiya by [[Almohad conquest of Norman Africa|conquering]] the cities of [[Mahdia]] (then held by [[Roger II of Sicily|Roger II]] of [[Sicily]]), [[Kairouan]], and other coastal cities as far as [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripoli]] (in modern-day [[Libya]]). He then returned to Marrakesh and left for an expedition to Al-Andalus in 1161. Abd al-Mu'min had ordered the construction of a new citadel at Gibraltar, where he based himself during his stay in Al-Andalus.<ref name="EI2" /><ref name=":23" />

== Final years ==

The Almohad empire was built by Abd al-Mu'min and effectively ruled by his family (known as the Mu'minids). This plus his ongoing military activity angered those who considered themselves the founders of the Almohad movement. These founders made an unsuccessful attempt to assassinate Abd al-Mu'min in 1160.<ref name="books.google.co.uk">[https://books.google.com/books?id=CurSh3Sh_KMC&pg=PA6 Dictionary of World Biography: The Middle Ages]</ref>

Abd al-Mu'min returned from Al-Andalus to the Maghreb in 1162. Over the next year he stayed in Ribat al-Fath and began to gather troops within its walls with the intention of launching another expedition to Al-Andalus. However, he fell ill and, after long period of sickness, died there in May 1163 ([[Jumada al-Thani|Jumada II]] 558 [[Islamic calendar|AH]]).<ref name="EI2" /><ref name=":23" />{{Rp|90}} His body was transported to Tinmel, where he was buried, following a ceremony, next to Ibn Tumart in the religious complex (which was centred around the [[Tinmal Mosque|Great Mosque of Tinmel]]) he had built there years earlier. His son [[Abu Yaqub Yusuf|Abu Ya'qub Yusuf]] succeeded him.<ref name=":23" />

== Legacy ==
Abd al-Mu'min established a central government that would control [[North Africa]] for more than a half century after he died. He founded a dynasty which his family, the Mu'minids, controlled.<ref name="books.google.co.uk"/> He added to the traditional clan organisations of the [[Berber people|Berbers]] the concept of ''[[Makhzen|Makhzan]]'', a central administration staffed by Spanish Muslims. To keep the Empire's revenue flowing, he created a land registry. Abd al-Mu'min also supported the arts, but in keeping with the founders' wishes, when mosques were built he kept them simple and plain compared to other structures of that time.<ref name=EB/> He is considered as a national hero in [[Algeria]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/abd-al-mu-min/|title='ABD AL-MU'MIN|last=Universalis|first=Encyclopædia|website=Encyclopædia Universalis|access-date=2017-01-07}}</ref>

He was also a prodigious builder of monuments and palaces. He notably founded the [[Kutubiyya Mosque]] in Marrakesh and the [[Tinmal Mosque|Mosque of Tinmel]].<ref name=":14">{{Cite book|last=Salmon|first=Xavier|title=Maroc Almoravide et Almohade: Architecture et décors au temps des conquérants, 1055-1269|publisher=LienArt|year=2018|location=Paris}}</ref><ref name=":23">{{Cite book|last=Bennison|first=Amira K.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=19JVDwAAQBAJ&q=The+Almoravid+and+Almohad+Empires&pg=PP1|title=The Almoravid and Almohad Empires|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|year=2016|isbn=9780748646821}}</ref> In 1150 he built the [[Kasbah of the Udayas]], across the river from Salé, and founded an adjacent settlement. Naming the new fortress ''al-Mahdiyya'' or ''Ribat al-Fath'', he intended to use it as a staging point for future campaigns on the Iberian Peninsula.<ref name=":23" />{{Rp|309–310}} The settlement was further embellished and fortified by Yaq'ub al-Mansur at the end of the 12th century, and eventually became modern-day Rabat.<ref name=":23" />

== Almohad Dynasty ==

{{chart top|width=100%|Almohad family tree}}
{{tree chart/start|summary=family tree of the Almohad dynasty.}}
{{tree chart | | | | | | |AK| | | | | | | | | | | | | AK=Ali al-Kumi}}
{{tree chart | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | }}
{{tree chart | | | | | | |AC| | | | | | | | | | | | |AC= Abd al-Mu'min <br /> (1) |boxstyle_AC=background-color: #afa; }}
{{tree chart | |,|-|-|v|-|-|+|-|-|v|-|-|v|-|-|v|-|-|v|-|-|v|-|-|v|-|-|v|-|-|v|-|-|v|-|-|v|-|-|v|-|-|.| }}
{{tree chart |B1|AC|B3|B4|B5|B6|B7|B8|B9|B10|B11|B12|B13|B14|B15
|B1          = Muhammad
|AC          = [[Abu Yaqub Yusuf|Abu Yaqub Yusuf I]] <br /> (2)
|B3          = Abu al-Hassan Ali
|B4          = Abu Zayd Abd al-Rahman
|B5          = Abu Zakariya Abd al-Rahman
|B6          = Abu Abd al-Rahman Yaqub
|B7          = Abu Ibrahim Ismail
|B8          = Abu Said Uthman
|B9          = Abu Ali al-Hussein
|B10         = Abu Muhammad Abd Allah
|B11         = Abu Musa Isa
|B12         = Abu Ishaq Ibrahim
|B13         = Abu al-Rabi Sulayman
|B14         = Abu Imran Musa
|B15         = Abu Hafs Umar
|boxstyle_AC = background-color: #afa;}}
{{tree chart | |,|-|-|+|-|-|v|-|-|v|-|-|v|-|-|v|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|.| | | | | |,|-|-|v|-|-|v|-|-|v|-|-|+|-|-|.| }}
{{tree chart |AC |C2 | C3 | C4 | C5 | C6 |C7 | ||| C8 | | | | D1 | D2 | D3 | D4 | D5 | D6
|AC          = [[Yaqub al-Mansur|Abu Yusuf Yaqub 'al-Mansur']]  <br /> (3)
|C2          = Abu al-Ula Idris <br /> ''the Old''
|C3          = Abu Yahya
|C4          = Abu Ishaq Ibrahim
|C5          = Abu Hafs Umar 'al-Rashid'
|C6          = Abu Zayd Muhammad
|C7          = [[Abdul-Wahid I, Almohad Caliph|Abu Muhammad Abd al-Wahid I 'al-Makhlu']] <br /> (6)
|C8          = Abu Ibrahim Ishaq <br /> 'al-Tahir'
|D1          = Abu Zayd Abd al-Rahman
|D2          = Abu Zakariya Yahya
|D3          = Abu al-Hassan Ali
|D4          = Abu Yusuf Yaqub
|D5          = Abu al-Rabi Sulayman
|D6          = Abu Abd Allah Muhammad
|boxstyle_AC = background-color: #afa;
|boxstyle_C7 = background-color: #afa;}}
{{tree chart | |)|-|-|v|-|-|v|-|-|v|-|-|v|-|-|v|-|-|.| | | | | |)|-|-|v|-|-|.| | ||||,|-|-|v|-|-|v|-|-|(| }}
{{tree chart |G1|G2x|G3|G4|G5|G6|G7||||E1|E2|E3| | | |F1|F2|F3|F4
|G1           = [[Muhammad al-Nasir]] <br />(4)
|G2x          = [[Abdallah al-Adil]]<br />(7)
|G3           = Abu Muhammad Said
|G4           = Abu Musa
|G5           = Ibrahim
|G6           = Abu Said
|G7           = [[Idris I, Almohad Caliph|Abu al-Ala Idris I 'al-Ma'mun']] <br />(9)
|E1           = [[Abu Hafs Umar al-Murtada|Abu Hafs Umar 'al-Murtada']]  <br /> (12)
|E2           = Abu Zayd
|E3           = Abu Ishaq
|F1           = [[Idris II, Almohad Caliph|Abu Dabbus Idris II 'al-Wathiq']] <br /> (13)
|F2           = Abu Ali
|F3           = Abd Allah 'al-Bayyansi'
|F4           = Abu Zayd
|boxstyle_G1  = background-color: #afa;
|boxstyle_G2x = background-color: #afa;
|boxstyle_G7  = background-color: #afa;
|boxstyle_E1  = background-color: #afa;
|boxstyle_F1  = background-color: #afa;}}
{{tree chart | |)|-|-|v|-|-|v|-|-|v|-|-|.||||||)|-|-|.| }}
{{tree chart |H1|H2|H3|H4|H5||||I1|I2
|H1= [[Yahya, Almohad Caliph|Yahya 'al'Mutasim']] <br /> (8)
|H2= Musa
|H3= Zakariya
|H4= Ali
|H5=[[Yusuf II, Almohad Caliph|Yusuf II 'al'Mustansir']] <br /> (5)
|I1= [[Ali, Almohad Caliph|Abu al-Hassan Ali 'al-Said']] <br /> (11)
|I2=[[Abd al-Wahid II|Abu Muhammad Abd al-Wahid II 'al-Rashid']] <br /> (10)
|boxstyle_H1=background-color: #afa;
|boxstyle_H5=background-color: #afa;
|boxstyle_I1=background-color: #afa;
|boxstyle_I2=background-color: #afa; }}
{{tree chart/end}}
{{chart bottom}}

== References ==
{{wikisource author}}
{{reflist}}

{{s-start}}
{{succession box|
 before=[[Ishaq ibn Ali]] (end of [[Almoravid dynasty]])|
 title=[[Almohad dynasty]] |
 years=1147&ndash;1163 |
 after=[[Abu Ya'qub Yusuf]] |
}}
{{s-end}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:al-Mumin, Abd}}
[[Category:1090s births]]
[[Category:Year of birth uncertain]]
[[Category:1163 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Tlemcen]]
[[Category:12th-century caliphs]]
[[Category:12th-century monarchs in Africa]]
[[Category:Almohad caliphs]]
[[Category:History of Tlemcen]]
[[Category:12th-century Berber people]]
[[Category:Berber monarchs]]