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Absorber
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{{for|an element in group theory|Absorbing element}} {{Refimprove|date=December 2016}} {{Wiktionary}} In [[Particle physics|high energy physics]] experiments, an '''absorber''' is a block of material used to [[Absorption (electromagnetic radiation)|absorb]] some of the energy of an incident [[Subatomic particle|particle]] in an experiment. Absorbers can be made of a variety of materials, depending on the purpose; [[lead]], [[tungsten]] and [[liquid hydrogen]] are common choices.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.physics.utoronto.ca/~krieger/talks/WRNPPC04_Talk.pdf |title=Slide 1 |website=Physics.utoronoto.ca |date= |accessdate=2016-12-23}}</ref> Most absorbers are used as part of a [[particle detector]]; [[particle accelerator]]s use absorbers to reduce the radiation damage on accelerator components.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://accelconf.web.cern.ch/AccelConf/e98/PAPERS/MOP13C.PDF |title=ABSORBERS FOR THE HIGH LUMINOSITY INSERTIONS OF THE LHC |author1=E.H. Hoyer |author2=W.C. Turner |author3=N.V. Mokhov |website=Accelconf.web.cern.ch |accessdate=2016-12-23}}</ref> ==Other uses of the same word== * Absorbers are used in [[ionization cooling]], as in the [[International Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment]]. * In [[solar power]], a high degree of efficiency is achieved by using black absorbers which reflect off much less of the incoming energy. * In [[sunscreen]] formulations, ingredients which absorb UVA/UVB rays, such as [[avobenzone]] and [[octyl methoxycinnamate]], are known as absorbers. They are contrasted with physical "blockers" of UV radiation such as [[titanium dioxide]] and [[zinc oxide]]. ==References== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Particle detectors]] [[Category:Accelerator physics]] {{particle-stub}}
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