Editing Aditya I

{{Short description|Chola emperor from 871 to 905}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{use Indian English|date=November 2016}}
{{Infobox royalty
| title        = Rajakesari Varman, <br> Tondaimanarrur Tunjina Udaiyar, <br> Kodandarama
| image        = aditya territories.png
| alt          = 
| caption      = ''Chola Territories c. 905 CE''
| succession = [[Chola Empire|Chola Emperor]]
| reign        = {{circa|871|907}}
| predecessor  = [[Vijayalaya Chola]]
| successor    = [[Parantaka I]]
| spouse       = Tribhuvanamadeviyar<br />Ilangon Pichchi
| spouse-type  = Queens
| issue        = [[Parantaka I|Parantaka Chola I]]
<br> Kannara Devan
| house        = 
| father       = [[Vijayalaya Chola]]
| mother       = Anaghavati
| religion     = [[Hinduism]]
| dynasty      = [[Chola dynasty|Chola]]
| birth_date   = 
| birth_place  = [[Pazhayarai]], [[Pallava Empire]] <br>(7km from present-day [[Kumbakonam]], Tamil Nadu, India)
| death_date   = 907
| death_place  = Tondaimanarrur, [[Chola Kingdom]] <br> (present-day [[Srikalahasti]], Andhra Pradesh, India)
}}
{{chola history}}
'''Aditya Chola I''', the son of [[Vijayalaya Chola]], was the [[Chola Empire|Chola]] king who laid the foundation of the [[Chola Empire]] with the conquest of the [[Pallavas|Pallava Kingdom]] and the occupation of the [[Western Ganga Kingdom]] and [[Kongu Nadu]].<ref name="sen2">{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra |title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History |publisher=Primus Books |year=2013 |isbn=978-9-38060-734-4 |pages=46–49}}</ref> Aditya Chola I was succeeded by his eldest son [[Parantaka I|Parantaka Chola I]].

== Battle of Sripurambiyam ==
{{Main|Battle of Thirupurambiyam}}
In 878 CE, Pandyan king [[Varagunavarman II]] invaded the Chola country to check the Pallava influence. But Varagunavarman was opposed by Aparajita, the son of [[Nriputungavarman]] Pallava, who had become yuvaraja. Aditya Chola I and Western Ganga king Prithvipati I supported Aparajita in the battle happened at Sripurambiyam. The Pandyan monarch suffered a crushing defeat, although Prithvipati I lost his life in the battle. Aditya Chola gained some new territory from his Pallava overlord after this victory.<ref name=":12">{{Cite book |last=K.A. |first=Nilakanta Sastri |title=A History of South India from Prehistoric to the Fall of Vijayanagar |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=1955 |pages=Page=166-167 |language=English}}</ref>

== Conquest of Tondaimandalam and Kongu Nadu ==
Aditya Chola I did not rest content with his subordinate position. So he planned to overthrow the Pallavas. He invaded [[Tondaimandalam|Tondai nadu]] in 897 CE and in a battle that ensued, he pounced upon Aparajita when he was mounted on an elephant and slew him. The whole of the Pallava kingdom now became Chola territory. The [[Western Ganga dynasty|Western Ganga]] king Prithvipati II acknowledged the suzerainty of Aditya Chola. Aditya next conquered the [[Kongu Nadu]] from Pandyan king Parantaka Viranarayanan.<ref name=":122">{{Cite book |last=K.A. |first=Nilakanta Sastri |title=A History of South India from Prehistoric to the Fall of Vijayanagar |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=1955 |pages=Page=167 |language=English}}</ref> This campaign was possibly supported by [[Sthanu Ravi Varma|Sthanu Ravi]], the [[Chera Perumals of Makotai|Chera]] ruler of Kerala.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Ali |first=Daud |date=2017 |title=Companionship, Loyalty and Affiliation in Chola South India |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0257643016677455?journalCode=siha |journal=Studies in History |language=en |volume=33 |issue=1 |pages=36–60 |doi= |issn=}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Narayanan |first=M. G. S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0YDCngEACAAJ&q=perumals+of+kerala |title=Perumals of Kerala |publisher=CosmoBooks |year=2013 |isbn=9788188765072 |location=Thrissur (Kerala) |pages=435-437 |orig-date=1972}}</ref>

== Death and Succession  ==
In an inscription, Aditya I is distinguished by the epithet in Tamil: 
<br />
தொண்டைமானரூர் துஞ்சின உடையார் <br>
''Thondaimaanaruur thunjina udaiyaar''<br>
"The King who died at Tondaimanarrur"

Aditya I died in 907 CE at Tondaimanarrur in [[Srikalahasti]]. His son [[Parantaka I]] built a Shiva temple over his ashes. Aditya I was survived by his queens Ilangon Pichchi and Vayiri Akkan alias Tribhuvana Madeviyar. Besides these two queens, Aditya I also had a mistress named Nangai Sattaperumanar as evidenced from an inscription.

== References ==
{{reflist}}
* ''Tamil And Sanskrit Inscriptions Chiefly Collected in 1886-87'', E. Hultzsch, PhD, Published by Archaeological Survey of India, New Delhi
* Nilakanta Sastri, K. A. (1935). ''The CōĻas'', University of Madras, Madras (Reprinted 1984).
* Nilakanta Sastri, K. A. (1955). ''A History of South India'', OUP, New Delhi (Reprinted 2002).

{{S-start}}
{{Succession box|title=[[Chola]]|before=[[Vijayalaya Chola]]|after=[[Parantaka Chola I]] |years=871–907 CE}}
{{S-end}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Aditya 01}}
[[Category:Chola emperors]]
[[Category:870s births]]
[[Category:900s deaths]]
[[Category:Year of birth uncertain]]
[[Category:Year of death uncertain]]
[[Category:9th-century Hindus]]
[[Category:10th-century Hindus]]
[[Category:9th-century Indian monarchs]]
[[Category:10th-century Indian monarchs]]