Editing Adro

{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2021}}
{{Infobox Italian comune
| name                = Adro
| official_name       = Comune di Adro
| native_name         = 
| image_skyline       = Panorama - Adro (Foto Luca Giarelli).jpg
| imagesize           = 
| image_alt           = 
| image_caption       = Panorama. Adro (2010)
| image_shield        =
| shield_alt          = 
| image_map           = 
| map_alt             = 
| map_caption         = 
| pushpin_label_position = 
| pushpin_map_alt     = 
| coordinates         = {{coord|45|37|N|09|57|E|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes = 
| region              = [[Lombardy]]
| province            = [[province of Brescia|Brescia]] (BS)
| frazioni            = Torbiato
| mayor_party         = 
| mayor               = Davide Moretti
| area_footnotes      = 
| area_total_km2      = 14
| population_footnotes =<ref>[http://demo.istat.it/bilmens2020gen/index02.html ISTAT] – Resident population as of April 30, 2020</ref>
| population_total    = 7194
| population_as_of    = 2020
| pop_density_footnotes = 
| population_demonym  = Adrensi
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m         = 271
| twin1               = 
| twin1_country       = 
| saint               = [[John the Baptist|San Giovanni Battista]]
| day                 = 
| postal_code         = 25030
| area_code           = 030
| website             = {{official website|http://www.comunediadro.net}}
| footnotes           = 
}}
'''Adro''' ([[Eastern Lombard|Brescian]]: {{lang|lmo|Àder}}) is a town and ''[[comune]]'' in the [[province of Brescia]], in [[Lombardy]], with a traditional wine-growing vocation favored by its position in the [[Franciacorta]] area (northern Italy).

== Physical geography ==
The municipality of Adro is located at the foot of Monte Alto, in [[Franciacorta]] about six kilometers from [[Lago d'Iseo]], in the southwestern part of [[province of Brescia]].<ref name = "comune"> {{cite web|url=http://www.comune.adro.bs.it/servizi/Menu/dinamica.aspx?idArea=16827&idCat=16828&ID=16828&TipoElemento=category|title="Adro and its territory" on the website of the Municipality of Adro | access-date = September 16, 2010 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120202200500/http://www.comune.adro.bs.it/services/Menu/dynamic.aspx?idArea=16827&idCat=16828&ID=16828&TipoElemento=category|archive-date = February 2, 2012 | url-status = dead}}</ref>

== Origin of the name ==
From what is reported by Mazza (1986), the origins of the toponym are uncertain: Dante Olivieri claims that it would come from [[Latin]] ''ater'' or ''atro'' ("black", "dark", "obscure"), while Paolo Guerrini suggested the derivation from ''acer'', demonstrating the ancient presence of [[maple]] woods. In a document of 822 it is called ''Atro''.<ref name=mazza1986p208>Mazza authored a complete work for ''Il Bresciano''.{{ref|Mazza1986p208|Mazza (1986)|Volume II. Le colline e i laghi p. 208}}</ref>

== History ==
The oldest evidence of anthropization in the municipality of Adro are [[Neolithic]] finds found in the hamlet of {{ill|Torbiato|it}}. The finds of tombs with grave goods from the late imperial period (III century) and [[Lombards|Longobardi]]<ref name=mazza1986p208 /> date back to a later period.

The oldest news of the village of Adro is present in the document in which it is mentioned as ''Atro'', dated April 10, 822. In it, the Abbess Eremperga gave a vico con corte to a certain Rampergo.<ref name=mazza1986p208 />

The castle was built between 13th and 14th century: in acts of 1006 and 1050 Adro is named as '''vicus'' and not as ''castrum''. Both under the domination of the [[Visconti of Milan|Visconti]] and under that of Venice, Adro administratively belonged to the [[:it:Quadra (administration)|quadra]] ([[Town Square#Italy|Town Square]]) of [[Palazzolo sull'Oglio|Palazzolo]].<Ref name = "bsvetrina" > {{cite web | url=http://www.bresciainvetrina.it/bresciaturismo/lagoiseo_franciacorta_adro.htm | title = "Adro" on "Brescia in showcase" | access-date = September 17, 2010}}</ref>

During the Venetian domination – popularly known as [[Domini di Terraferma]] – of the territory (from 1426 to 1797) the Bargnani family gained importance in the village, important in the life of the town between the 17th and 18th centuries, to whom the Dandolo counts succeeded.<Ref name = "comune "/>

=== Coat of arms ===
The town's coat of arms is formed by a capital "A" with a rounded top, of silver color on a green field, which is surrounded by three bunches of grapes with its branches and tendrils. Of these clusters, two are at the top, while the other is at the larger tip; the vine is golden, loading the bunch.<ref name = "comune" /><ref> Decree of the President of the Republic of April 22, 2008.</ref> The oldest form of this coat of arms appears in the frescoes [[Cinquecento|sixteenth century]] of the ancient parish church.

== Monuments and places of interest ==
Buildings of interest in the municipality of Adro:<ref name = "comune" />

=== Religious architectures ===
[[File:Chiesa di S Giovanni Battista e Torre - Adro (Foto Luca Giarelli).jpg|thumb|[[:it:Chiesa di San Giovanni Battista (Adro)|Parish Church of San Giovanni Battista]]]]
* Bargnani church.
* [[:it:Chiesa di San Giovanni Battista (Adro)|Chiesa parrocchiale di San Giovanni Battista]]: whose construction was completed in 1769 and saw the ten-year commitment of the local population in its realization. It is located in the center of the town, facing the square decorated with a fountain from the Vantini period. Inside there is a triptych from the Romanino school (16th-century) and presents decorations with eighteenth-century stuccoes. The main altar is the work of Andrea Fantoni and other artists in his workshop.
* Church of Santa Maria in Favento: 15th century with frescoes from 15th and 16th century, restored in 1962.
* Church of Santa Maria Assunta: built in the 16th century on the hill in the ancient castle, it was parish until the current parish church was built, while today it serves as a cemetery chapel. Equipped with large [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] style bays, it has the entrances on the northern side and a staircase protected by a trussed arcade.
* Sanctuary of the Madonna della Neve: built in Eighteenth century on a project by the abbot [[Gaspare Turbini]] It is a building with a central plan in octagonal shape with a dome.<ref name=mazza1986p208 />

=== Civil architectures ===
* Palazzo Bargnani-Dandolo: built by the Bargnani family in 17th century. It was inherited by the Dandolo family and is currently the seat of the Town Hall.<ref name=mazza1986p208 /> In front of the palace bust of the countess Ermellina Maselli Dandolo by the sculptor Emilio Magoni. In the hall of the municipal council there is a portrait of the nobleman Gaetano Bargnani painted by Pitocchetto.
* Villa De Riva: built by the architect Antonio Tagliaferri at the end of the 19th century.<ref name=mazza1986p208 />
[[File:Porta castello - Adro (Foto Luca Giarelli).jpg|thumb|Castle gate]]

=== Military architectures ===
* Tower: in bare stone, with Ghibelline battlements and a terragonal plan, which with the ancient castle was part of the medieval defensive system of the town.
* Castle: it was built on the slopes of the mountain, where there is the cemetery, between the 13th and 14th century. As of 2013, only the fourteenth-century entrance to the drawbridge remains.<ref name=mazza1986p208 /> In the cemetery, Vincenzo Vela's Bargnani-Dandolo grave (19th century).

== Demographics ==
=== Demographic evolution ===
{{Historical populations
| cols = 2
| align = none
| source = Abitanti censiti<ref>''[http://dati.istat.it/Index.aspx Statistiche I.Stat]'' [[Istituto nazionale di statistica|ISTAT]] <small>&nbsp;URL consultato in data December 28, 2012</small>.</ref>
|graph-pos = right
| 1861| 2224
| 1871| 2334
| 1881| 2534
| 1901| 3087
| 1911| 3418
| 1921| 3669
| 1931| 4111
| 1936| 4254
| 1951| 4746
| 1961| 5013
| 1971| 5586
| 1981| 5809
| 1991| 5846
| 2001| 6421
| 2011| 7114
}}

=== Ethnicities and foreign minorities ===
Foreigners residing in the municipality are 651, that is 9.19% of the population. The following are the most consistent groups:<ref> {{cite web | url=http://demo.istat.it/str2010/index.html | publisher = ISTAT | title=Demographic balance and foreign resident population at 31 December 2010 by gender and citizenship | access-date=November 30, 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120125212336/http://demo.istat.it/str2010/index.html |archive-date = January 25, 2012 | url-status=dead}}</ref>

* [[Morocco]], 173 – 2.44%
* [[Romania]], 135 – 1.24%
* [[Albania]], 67 – 0.94%
* India, 53 – 0.74%
* [[Senegal]], 51 – 0.72%

=== Languages and dialects ===
In the [[Eastern Lombard dialect|local dialect]] ({{ill|Brescian dialect|lt=Brescian|it|Dialetto bresciano}}) there is the phrase ''Laurà per la césa de Ader'', or to work for the church of Adro. With this statement we mean generally to work for free: the origin of the saying goes back to the great voluntary work in which the people of Adriano applied themselves when they decided to build their church, also engaging on holidays without any compensation. <Ref > {{cite web | url=http://www.dialettando.com/regioni/pages/proverbi_dialetto.lasso?search=&region=Lombardia&saltarec=110&results_curpage=12 | title = "Lombardia: dialect, culture and regional information" up " Dialettando.com "| access-date =September 17, 2010}}</ref>

== Anthropic geography ==
The municipal statute recognizes the existence of two localities: Adro and Torbiato.<ref> Municipal statute of the municipality of Adro. Art. 2. </ref> This last fraction was an autonomous municipality until 1928, when it was abolished with royal decree no. 1679.<ref> Official Journal of the Kingdom of Italy n. 176 of July 30, 1928, p. 3506 </ref>

== Economy ==
The sector that absorbs the largest number of workers is the manufacturing industry <ref> VAS Municipality of Adro Page.30 Istat elaboration http://www.cartografia.regione.lombardia.it/sivas/jsp/procedimenti/popup/popAllegati.jsf?idDoc=43930 </ref> (which, in 2001, employed 48% of the employed) followed by construction (23%) and commerce (9%); agriculture (which accounted for 4% of employees in 2001) has grown in recent years due to the wine-growing vocation of the area and occupies a prestigious position in the panorama of the production of [[Franciacorta]]. Construction covers 46% of artisan businesses<ref> [http://www.cartografia.regione.lombardia.it/sivas/jsp/procedimenti/popup/popAllegati.jsf?idDoc=43930 Attachments]</ref> as the location of the municipality is in the urbanized area of Lombardy.<ref> [http://ita.arpalombardia.it/ita/qaria/doc_ZonizPrecedente.asp ARPA Lombardia] {{webarchive | url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120201201105/http://ita.arpalombardia.it/ITA/qaria/doc_ZonizPrecedente.asp | date = February 1, 2012}}</ref>

== Infrastructure and transport ==

=== Roads ===
* [[A4 motorway (Italy)|A4 motorway]]
* Provincial road SP XI
* Provincial road SP XII
* Provincial road SP 17

=== Railways ===
The municipality is served by the [[:it:stazione di Borgonato-Adro|Borgonato-Adro station]], located along the [[Brescia-Iseo-Edolo railway]], served by regional trains operated by [[Trenord]] as part of the service contract stipulated with [[Lombardy region]].

Between 1897 and 1915 Torbiato also hosted a station of the [[:it:tranvia Iseo-Rovato-Chiari|Iseo-Rovato-Chiari tramway]].<ref name=mafrici1997> Mafrici wrote an article on the extra-urban tram system in Brescia.{{cite magazine |last=Mafrici |first=Claudio |date=November 1997 |title=I binari promiscui – Nascita e sviluppo del sistema tramviario extraurbano in provincia di Brescia (1875–1930) |trans-title=The mixed tracks – Birth and development of the suburban tram system in the province of Brescia (1875–1930)|url= |language=it |magazine=Quaderni di synthesis |location= |publisher= |access-date= | volume=51}}
</ref>

== Administration ==

=== List of mayors ===
{{ComuniAmminPrecTitolo}}
{{ComuniAmminPrec|1975|1980|Battista Mansueti|[[Christian Democracy|DC]]|Mayor|}}
{{ComuniAmminPrec|1980|1985|Paolino Parzani|[[Italian Republican Party|PRI]]|Mayor|}}
{{ComuniAmminPrec|1985|1990|Augusto Corsini|[[Christian Democracy|DC]]|Mayor|}}
{{ComuniAmminPrec|1990|1995|Piergiuseppe Mondini|[[Christian Democracy|DC]]|Mayor|}}
{{ComuniAmminPrecFine}}
Below is the list of mayors elected directly by citizens (since 1995):
{{ComuniAmminPrecTitolo}}
{{ComuniAmminPrec| 24 April 1995|15 September 2003|Paolino Parzani|[[civic list]]|Mayor|}}
{{ComuniAmminPrec|September 15, 2003|June 14, 2004|Roberta Verrusio||''[[Prefectural Commissioner|Commissioner]]''|}}
{{ComuniAmminPrec|June 14, 2004|May 26, 2014|[[Danilo Oscar Lancini]]|[[Northern League (Italy)|Northern League]]|Mayor|}}
{{ComuniAmminPrec|May 26, 2014|''in office''|Paolo Rosa|[[Northern League (Italy)|Northern League]]|Mayor|}}
{{ComuniAmminPrecFine}}
[[File:Municipio - Adro (Foto Luca Giarelli).jpg|thumb|250px|right|The town hall of Adro]]

=== Twin-towns ===
Adro is [[town twinning|twinned]] with:
*{{flagicon|Switzerland}} '''[[Vezia]]''', [[Switzerland]].

== Sports ==
The football club A.S.D. Adrense 1909, who played in regional amateur championships.<ref> [https://www.tuttocampo.it/Lombardia/Eccellenza/GironeC/Squadra/Adrense1909/930015/Scheda#.WvMlMX9x1dg website Tuttocampo]</ref>

== Bibliography ==
* {{note|Mazza1986p208}} {{cite book | author=Attilio Mazza | title=Il Bresciano – Volume II. Le colline e i laghi | location=Bergamo | publisher=Bortolotti | year=1986 | pages=208–209}} {{OCLC|878134431}}.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{province of Brescia}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Lombardy]]