Editing Advocaat

{{Short description|Dutch alcoholic beverage featuring eggs}}
{{About|a liqueur|the Scandinavian professional title for lawyers|Advokat|the surname|Advocaat (surname)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2014}}
{{Infobox drink
| name         = Advocaat
| image        =Advocaat bottle with glass.jpg
| caption      =Advocaat
| type         = [[Liqueur]]
| abv          = 14–20%
| proof        = 28°–40°
| manufacturer =  
| distributor  = 
| origin       = [[Netherlands]]
| introduced   = 17th century
| discontinued = 
| colour       = Yellow
| flavour      =  Rich, creamy, smooth
| ingredients  = [[Egg yolk]]s, aromatic [[Distilled beverage|spirits]], sugar or [[honey]], [[brandy]], [[vanilla]], [[cream]] or [[condensed milk]]
| variants     =
| related      = [[Coquito]], [[Eggnog]], [[Eierpunsch]], [[Kogel mogel]], [[Pisco sour]], [[Ponche crema]], [[Rompope]]
| website      =  
| region       =
}}

'''Advocaat''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|æ|d|v|ə|k|ɑː|audio=LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-advocaat.wav}} {{respell|AD|və|kah}}, {{IPA|nl|ɑtfoːˈkaːt|lang|nl-advocaat.ogg}}) or '''advocatenborrel''' is a traditional [[Netherlands|Dutch]] [[alcoholic beverage]] made from [[egg (food)|eggs]], [[sugar]], and [[brandy]].<ref>{{cite book |first=Laura Halpin |last=Rinsky |author2=Glenn Rinsky  |title=The Pastry Chef's Companion: A Comprehensive Resource Guide for the Baking and Pastry Professional |url=https://archive.org/details/pastrychefscompa00rins |url-access=limited |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |location=Hoboken, N.J. |year=2009 |page=[https://archive.org/details/pastrychefscompa00rins/page/n12 3] |isbn=978-0-470-00955-0 |oclc=173182689}}</ref> The rich and creamy drink has a smooth, [[custard]]-like consistency. The typical [[Alcoholic beverage|alcohol]] content is generally between 14% and 20% [[Alcohol by volume|ABV]]. Its contents may be a blend of [[egg yolk]]s, aromatic [[Distilled beverage|spirits]], sugar or [[honey]], [[brandy]], [[vanilla]], and sometimes [[cream]] (or [[condensed milk]]). Notable makers of advocaat include Filliers, Warninks, [[Bols (brand)|Bols]], Darna Ovo Liker, [[DeKuyper]] (in two varieties), and [[Verpoorten]].{{citation needed|date=December 2023}}

==Etymology==
Two theories have been put out on the origins of "advocaat".
[[File:Affiche 'Advokaat' voor stokerij Vliegen, Hasselt.jpg|thumb|Poster 'Advokaat' for Distillery Vliegen in Hasselt, collection in Jenevermuseum Hasselt]]
According to several makers, such as Verpoorten and Bols, and the ''Oxford Companion to Sugar and Sweets'', its origins can be traced back to "abacate", an alcoholic beverage of the indigenous people in [[Brazil]], which was made with [[avocado]]. Dutch colonials of northern Brazil introduced this beverage to [[Europe]] as "advocat/advocaat". As avocados could not grow in northern Europe, they were replaced with egg yolk, thought to have a similar taste and consistency, and the name derived from the avocado stuck, although the drink no longer contains any.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.verpoorten.de/qualitaet-seit-1876/ |website=Verpoorten_history |title= Verpoorten}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bythedutch.com/about/origins-of-advocaat/ |title= Bythedutch-website}}</ref>

''Advocaat'' is also the Dutch word for '[[lawyer]]' in the sense of '[[solicitor]]'. As the name of the drink, it is short for ''advocatenborrel'', or 'lawyers' drink'. ''Borrel'' is Dutch for a small alcoholic beverage (liqueur, brandy, etc. but not beer or wine) consumed slowly during a social gathering or an informal occasion where colleagues meet for light conversation with beer and wine. According to the 1882 edition of the ''Woordenboek der Nederlandsche taal'' ('Dictionary of the Dutch Language'), it is ''zo genoemd als een goed smeersel voor de keel, en dus bijzonder dienstig geacht voor een advocaat, die in 't openbaar het woord moet voeren" ("so named as a good lubricant for the throat, and thus considered especially useful for a lawyer, who must speak in public").<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EsoCAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA827|title=Woordenboek der Nederlandsche taal|year=1882|author=M. De Vries|author2=L. A. Te Winkel|name-list-style=amp|publisher=M. Nijhoff, A.W. Sijthoff, Henri J. Stemberg|volume=1|page=827}}</ref>

==History==

In 1828, J.G. Cooymans started a distillery in downtown [['s-Hertogenbosch]]. There he developed the egg drink "advocaat."<ref>[http://www.cooymans.com/ Bedrijfsgeschiedenis op website Cooymans]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210410143356/http://www.cooymans.com/ Gearchiveerd] op 10 april 2021.</ref> In 1876, the Antwerp distiller Eugen Verpoorten established a distillery in [[Heinsberg]] near [[Aachen]], [[Germany]], which made an egg liquor (''Eierlikör'' in [[German language|German]]) using eggs, sugar, distilled alcohol, and other ingredients.<ref>[https://www.verpoorten.de/historie/ Bedrijfsgeschiedenis op Verpoorten.de]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190601094318/https://www.verpoorten.de/historie/ Gearchiveerd] op 1 juni 2019.</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.aachener-zeitung.de/lokales/region-heinsberg/heinsberg/eierlikor-tritt-seinen-siegeszug-in-heinsberg-an/2910387.html |title=Eierlikör tritt seinen Siegeszug in Heinsberg an |work=[[Aachener Zeitung]] |date=December 23, 2003 |access-date=December 26, 2023}} (in German)</ref>

==Types and uses==
[[Image:Organic-Advocaat.jpg|thumb|75px|A bottle of advocaat of German origin]]<!--brand Dwersteg, refers to an old German recipe-->
Jars and wide mouth bottles of thick advocaat are sold mainly in the Netherlands and [[Belgium]], though may be available in Germany, [[Austria]], and [[South Africa]]. Further exports are of a more liquid version.

In particular the original thick variety, i.e.,  without [[egg white|albumen]], is used as a [[waffle]], [[pancake]] or [[poffertjes]] topping, as an ingredient in [[ice cream]], custards, pastries and similar desserts, or as an [[apéritif and digestif|apéritif or digestif]]. The latter, possibly topped with [[whipped cream]] and then occasionally sprinkled with a touch of [[cocoa powder]], is served in a very tiny [[bowl]] or small glass from which it is eaten by use of a [[teaspoon]]. In Belgian restaurants and taverns, it may be a complementary accompaniment to a coffee.

In the export variety both parts of the eggs are used. A popular cocktail using advocaat is the [[Snowball (cocktail)|Snowball]]: a mixture of advocaat, sparkling [[lemonade]] and sometimes (although this is not required) [[lime juice]] that is often consumed at [[Christmas|Christmas time]]. Another is the [[Fluffy duck]], made with [[rum]]. Another advocaat-based beverage is the [[Bombardino]], a drink commonly found in [[Italy|Italian]] [[ski resorts]], particularly the [[Italian Alps]], made by mixing advocaat, brandy, and whipped cream.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bombardino-Calimero |url=http://12bottlebar.com/2010/12/bombardino-calimero/ |publisher=12 Bottle Bar |date=9 December 2010  |access-date=7 February 2012}}</ref>

==Related drinks==
The [[Poland|Polish]] equivalent, {{lang|pl|ajerkoniak}} ({{langx|de|links=no|eier}} 'eggs' and {{langx|fr|links=no|cognac}}), is based on [[vodka]] instead of brandy, despite what the name may suggest.

{{lang|es|[[Rompope]]}} of [[Mexico]] and {{lang|es|sabajón}} of [[Colombia]] are very similar liqueurs based on egg yolk and vanilla. Some varieties have additional flavourings.

==See also==
* {{annotated link|Coquito}}
* {{annotated link|Eggnog}}
* {{Annotated link|Flip (cocktail)|Flip}}
* {{annotated link|Eierpunsch}}
* {{annotated link|Kogel mogel}}
* {{annotated link|Pisco sour}}
* {{annotated link|Ponche crema}}
* {{annotated link|Rompope}}
* {{annotated link|Tamagozake}}
* {{annotated link|Zabaione|aka=Zabaglione}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite book |author=Marcus, Lori |title=Bartending Inside-Out: The Guide to Profession, Profit and Fun |edition=3rd |location=Crystal Bay, Nev. |publisher=Cadillac Press |year=2003 |isbn=9780964201989}}
* {{cite book |author=Walton, Stuart |title=The Ultimate Book of Cocktails: How to Create Over 600 Fantastic Drinks Using Spirits, Liqueurs, Wine, Beer and Mixers |location=London |publisher=Hermes House |year=2004 |isbn=9780681768819 |oclc=156369625 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/ultimatebookofco00walt }}

== External links ==
* {{Commons category-inline}}

{{Alcoholic beverages}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Dutch liqueurs]]
[[Category:Eggs (food)]]
[[Category:Liqueurs]]
[[Category:17th-century introductions]]