Editing Anius

{{Short description|Character in Greek mythology}}
[[Image:Anius aeneas.jpg|thumb|right|337x337px|Illustration of [[Aeneas]] meeting with Anius by [[Johann Wilhelm Baur]]]]
In [[Greek mythology]], '''Anius''' ([[Ancient Greek]]: Ἄνιος) was a king of [[Delos]] and priest of [[Apollo]].

== Family ==
He was the son of [[Apollo]] and [[Rhoeo]], daughter of [[Staphylus]] and [[Chrysothemis (daughter of Carmanor)|Chrysothemis]].<ref name="tripp" />

== Mythology ==
Anius was born either on the island of Delos, which was sacred to his father Apollo, or on [[Euboea]], after the box in which his mother had been placed by Staphylus when he had discovered her pregnancy was washed ashore there. Rhoeo then, placing the baby on Apollo's altar, asked the god to care for it, if it was his.<ref name="tripp">Tripp, Edward. ''The Meridian Handbook of Classical Mythology.'' Meridian, 1970, [https://archive.org/details/meridianhandbook00trip/page/52/mode/2up?view=theater p. 52].</ref> Rhoeo then married [[Zarex]], who thus became the legal father of Anius. Apollo cared for the child Anius for a long time, teaching him the arts of divination and prophecy. Anius later became Apollo's priest and the king of Delos.<ref>[[Diodorus Siculus]], 5.62</ref><ref>[[Tzetzes]] on [[Lycophron]], 570 & 580</ref>

Anius had three daughters: Oeno, Spermo, and Elais, known as the [[Oenotropae]]; and three sons, Andros, Mykonos, and Thasos. Their mother was Dorippe, a [[Thracia]]n woman ransomed by Anius for the price of a horse from the pirates who had kidnapped her.<ref>''[[Etymologicum Magnum]]'' 293. 39, ed. by [[Friedrich Sylburg]], p. 266 (under Δωρίππη)</ref> [[Dionysus]] gave the three daughters the power to change whatever they wanted into [[wine]], [[wheat]], and [[Vegetable oil|oil]].<ref>[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [[Epitome]] 3.10</ref> When the Greeks landed on Delos while on their way to [[Troy]], Anius prophesied that the [[Trojan War]] would not be won until the tenth year, and insisted that they stay with him for nine years, promising that his daughters would supply them with aliments during that period. When [[Agamemnon]] heard this, he wanted to take the Oenotropae with him by force, to provide his army with food and wine. They prayed to Dionysus, who changed them into doves.<ref>[[Ovid]], ''[[Metamorphoses]]'' 13.631–640, where they are said to have actually been carried off by Agamemnon and to have escaped, before their transformation took place</ref><ref>[[Maurus Servius Honoratus|Servius]], ''Commentary on [[Virgil|Virgil's]] [[Aeneid]]'' 3.80</ref>

Of Anius's three sons, Andros and Mykonos became [[eponym]]s of the islands of [[Andros]] and [[Mykonos]] respectively.<ref>[[Stephanus of Byzantium]], s.v. ''Andros'', ''Mykonos''</ref> As for Thasos, he was devoured by dogs, and since then it was prohibited to keep dogs on Delos.<ref>Ovid, ''[[Ibis (Ovid)|Ibis]]'' 477</ref><ref>[[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]], ''Fabulae'' [https://topostext.org/work/206#247 247], where he is called "Thasius"</ref>

Later, Anius, an old friend of [[Anchises]], gave aid to him, his son [[Aeneas]], and his retinue when they were fleeing from [[Troy]] and en route to the future site of [[Rome]].<ref>Virgil, ''Aeneid'' 3.80–83, with Servius' commentary</ref><ref>Ovid, ''Metamorphoses'' 13.622 ff</ref> According to a rare version of the myth, Aeneas married Anius's daughter Lavinia (or Launa), who, like her father, had prophetic abilities and bore Aeneas a son, who was also named Anius.<ref>[[Dionysius of Halicarnassus]], ''Antiquitates Romanae'' 1.59</ref><ref>[[Aurelius Victor]], ''[[Origo Gentis Romanae]]'' 9</ref>

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

== References ==

* [[Diodorus Siculus]], ''The Library of History'' translated by [[Charles Henry Oldfather]]. Twelve volumes. [[Loeb Classical Library]]. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1989. Vol. 3. Books 4.59&ndash;8. [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/home.html Online version at Bill Thayer's Web Site]
* Diodorus Siculus, ''Bibliotheca Historica. Vol 1-2''. Immanel Bekker. Ludwig Dindorf. Friedrich Vogel. in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1888–1890. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2008.01.0540 Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library].
* [[Dionysius of Halicarnassus|Dionysus of Halicarnassus]], ''Roman Antiquities.'' English translation by Earnest Cary in the Loeb Classical Library, 7 volumes. Harvard University Press, 1937–1950. [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/home.html Online version at Bill Thayer's Web Site]
* Dionysius of Halicarnassus, ''Antiquitatum Romanarum quae supersunt'', ''Vol I-IV''. . Karl Jacoby. In Aedibus B.G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1885. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2008.01.0572 Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library].
* [[Gaius Julius Hyginus]], ''Fabulae from The Myths of Hyginus'' translated and edited by Mary Grant. University of Kansas Publications in Humanistic Studies. [https://topostext.org/work/206 Online version at the Topos Text Project.]
* [[Maurus Servius Honoratus]], ''In Vergilii carmina comentarii. Servii Grammatici qui feruntur in Vergilii carmina commentarii;'' recensuerunt Georgius Thilo et Hermannus Hagen. Georgius Thilo. Leipzig. B. G. Teubner. 1881. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0053 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library].
* [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Pseudo-Apollodorus]], ''The Library'' with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0022 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.] [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0021 Greek text available from the same website].
* [[Ovid|Publius Ovidius Naso]], ''Ibis'' translated by A. S. Kline © 2003. [https://www.poetryintranslation.com/PITBR/Latin/Ibis.php Online version at the Poetry in Translation]
* Publius Ovidius Naso, ''Ibis.'' R. Merkelii Recognitione, Vol III. Rudolf Merkel. Rudolf Ehwald. Lipsiae. In Aedibus B.G. Teubneri. 1889. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2008.01.0548 Latin text available at the Perseus Digital Library].
* [[Ovid|Publius Ovidius Naso]], ''Metamorphoses'' translated by Brookes More (1859-1942). Boston, Cornhill Publishing Co. 1922. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0028 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.]
* Publius Ovidius Naso, ''Metamorphoses.'' Hugo Magnus. Gotha (Germany). Friedr. Andr. Perthes. 1892. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0029 Latin text available at the Perseus Digital Library].
* [[Stephanus of Byzantium]], ''Stephani Byzantii Ethnicorum quae supersunt,'' edited by August Meineike (1790-1870), published 1849. A few entries from this important ancient handbook of place names have been translated by Brady Kiesling. [https://topostext.org/work/241 Online version at the Topos Text Project.]

{{Delos}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Mythological Greek seers]]
[[Category:Kings in Greek mythology]]
[[Category:Children of Apollo]]
[[Category:Characters in the Aeneid]]
[[Category:Metamorphoses characters]]
[[Category:Delian mythology]]