Editing Annette King

{{Short description|New Zealand politician (born 1947)}}
{{EngvarB|date=April 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2015}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix  = [[The Honourable]]
| name              = Dame Annette King
| honorific-suffix  = {{post-nominals|country=NZL|DNZM|size=100%}}
| image             = Dame Annette King.jpg
| caption           = King in 2019
| order1            = 19th [[List of high commissioners of New Zealand to Australia|High Commissioner of New Zealand to Australia]]
| term_start1       = December 2018 
| term_end1         = December 2023
| monarch1          = [[Elizabeth II]]<br>[[Charles III]]
| primeminister1    = [[Jacinda Ardern]]<br>[[Chris Hipkins]]<br>[[Christopher Luxon]]
| predecessor1      = [[Chris Seed]]                                         
| successor1        = Eamonn O'Shaughnessy (acting)
| order2            = 14th [[Deputy Leader of the New Zealand Labour Party]]
| leader2           = [[Andrew Little (New Zealand politician)|Andrew Little]] 
| predecessor2      = [[David Parker (New Zealand politician)|David Parker]] 
| successor2        = [[Jacinda Ardern]]
| term_start2       = 24 November 2014
| term_end2         = 1 March 2017
| leader3           = [[Phil Goff]] 
| predecessor3      = [[Michael Cullen (politician)|Michael Cullen]] 
| successor3        = [[Grant Robertson]] 
| term_start3       = 11 November 2008
| term_end3         = 13 December 2011
| order4            = 45th [[Minister of Justice (New Zealand)|Minister of Justice]]
| primeminister4    = [[Helen Clark]]
| term_start4       = 31 October 2007
| term_end4         = 19 November 2008
| predecessor4      = [[Mark Burton (politician)|Mark Burton]]
| successor4        = [[Simon Power (politician)|Simon Power]]
| order5            = 23rd [[Ministry of Transport (New Zealand)|Minister of Transport]]
| primeminister5    = [[Helen Clark]]
| term_start5       = 3 May 2006
| term_end5         = 19 November 2008
| predecessor5      = [[David Parker (New Zealand politician)|David Parker]]
| successor5        = [[Steven Joyce]]
| order6            = 34th [[Minister of Police (New Zealand)|Minister of Police]]
| primeminister6    = [[Helen Clark]]
| term_start6       = 19 October 2005
| term_end6         = 19 November 2008
| predecessor6      = [[George Warren Hawkins|George Hawkins]]
| successor6        = [[Judith Collins]]
| order7            = 35th [[Minister of Health (New Zealand)|Minister of Health]] 
| primeminister7    = [[Helen Clark]]
| term_start7       = 10 December 1999
| term_end7         = 19 October 2005
| predecessor7      = [[Wyatt Creech]]
| successor7        = [[Pete Hodgson]]
| order8            = 44th [[Minister of Immigration (New Zealand)|Minister of Immigration]] 
| primeminister8    = [[Geoffrey Palmer (New Zealand politician)|Geoffrey Palmer]]<br>[[Mike Moore (New Zealand politician)|Mike Moore]]
| term_start8       = 9 February 1990
| term_end8         = 2 November 1990
| predecessor8      = [[Roger Douglas]]
| successor8        = [[Bill Birch]]
| order9            = 10th [[Minister of Employment (New Zealand)|Minister of Employment]] 
| primeminister9    = [[Geoffrey Palmer (New Zealand politician)|Geoffrey Palmer]]<br>[[Mike Moore (New Zealand politician)|Mike Moore]]
| term_start9       = 14 August 1989
| term_end9         = 2 November 1990
| predecessor9      = [[Phil Goff]]
| successor9        = [[Maurice McTigue]]
| order10           = Member of the [[New Zealand Parliament]]<br />for {{NZ electorate link|Rongotai}}<br />{{small| {{NZ electorate link|Miramar}} (1993–1996)}}
| term_start10      = 6 November 1993
| term_end10        = 23 September 2017
| predecessor10     = [[Graeme Reeves]]
| successor10       = [[Paul Eagle]]
| constituency_MP12 = [[Horowhenua (New Zealand electorate)|Horowhenua]]
| parliament12      = New Zealand
| term_start12      = 14 July 1984
| term_end12        = 27 October 1990
| predecessor12     = [[Geoff Thompson (politician)|Geoffrey Thompson]]
| successor12       = [[Hamish Hancock]]
| birth_name        = Annette Faye Robinson
| birth_date        = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1947|09|13}}
| birth_place       = [[Murchison, New Zealand|Murchison]], New Zealand
| party             = [[New Zealand Labour Party|Labour]]
| relations         = {{Ubl|{{nowrap|[[Chris Finlayson]] (second cousin)}}|[[Chester Borrows]] (third cousin)}}
| website           = 
| religion          = 
| footnotes         = 
| occupation        = {{Hlist|Dental nurse|politician|diplomat}}
}}
'''Dame Annette Faye King'''<ref>{{cite book |url=http://www.parliament.nz/en-NZ/PB/Debates/Debates/5/c/4/49HansD_20081208_00000010-Members-Sworn.htm |title=New Zealand Hansard – Members Sworn |access-date=8 October 2014 |date=8 December 2008 |volume=651 |page=2 |publisher=[[New Zealand Parliament]] |archive-date=23 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130223070945/http://www.parliament.nz/en-NZ/PB/Debates/Debates/5/c/4/49HansD_20081208_00000010-Members-Sworn.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> {{post-nominals|country=NZL|DNZM}} (née '''Robinson''', born 13 September 1947) is a former New Zealand politician. She served as [[Deputy Leader of the New Zealand Labour Party]] and Deputy [[Leader of the Opposition (New Zealand)|Leader of the Opposition]] from 2008 to 2011, and from 2014 until 1 March 2017. She was a [[Cabinet (government)|Cabinet Minister]] in the [[Fourth Labour Government of New Zealand|Fourth]] and [[Fifth Labour Government of New Zealand|Fifth Labour Governments]], and was the MP for the {{NZ electorate link|Rongotai}} electorate in [[Wellington]] from 1996 to 2017.

==Early life==
The daughter of Frank Pace Robinson and Olive Annie Robinson ([[Birth name|née]] Russ),<ref name="Whos who">{{cite journal |editor-last=Taylor |editor-first=Alister |editor-link=Alister Taylor |title=New Zealand Who's Who Aotearoa 2001 |journal=New Zealand Who's Who, Aotearoa |year=2001 |publisher=Alister Taylor Publishers |location=Auckland |issn=1172-9813 |page=515}}</ref> King was born in [[Murchison, New Zealand|Murchison]] on 13 September 1947.<ref name="Parliamentary profile 2013">{{cite web |url= http://www.parliament.nz/en-NZ/MPP/MPs/MPs/7/d/f/50MP1341-King-Annette.htm |title=Hon Annette King |publisher=[[New Zealand Parliament]] |access-date=8 October 2014 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130505060753/http://www.parliament.nz/en-NZ/MPP/MPs/MPs/7/d/f/50MP1341-King-Annette.htm |archive-date=5 May 2013 |date=5 May 2013}}</ref> After receiving primary education in Murchison, she attended Murchison District High School from 1960 to 1963, and then [[Waimea College]] in 1964.<ref name="Whos who"/><ref name="DomPost profile">{{cite news |title=Rongotai: Annette King wins easily |url= http://www.stuff.co.nz/dominion-post/news/politics/election-2011/6026781/Rongotai-Annette-King-wins-easily |access-date=7 October 2014 |work=[[The Dominion Post (Wellington)|The Dominion Post]] |date=26 November 2011}}</ref> Between 1965 and 1967, she completed a diploma in school dental nursing, and worked as a dental nurse from 1967 to 1981.<ref name="Whos who"/><ref name="Parliamentary profile 2013" /> In 1981, she gained a [[Bachelor of Arts]] degree from the [[University of Waikato]], and obtained a postgraduate diploma in dental nursing the same year.<ref name="Whos who"/><ref name="Parliamentary profile 2013"/> She was a tutor of dental nursing in [[Wellington]] from 1982 to 1984.<ref name="Parliamentary profile 2013" /> She is partly of Sri Lankan descent.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vEDjqFMEw3w<!-- ?t=3m50s --> |title=Sri Lankan New Year |publisher=[[Asia Downunder]] | access-date=7 November 2015}}</ref>

==Political career==
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King joined the [[New Zealand Labour Party|Labour Party]] in 1972,<ref name="DomPost profile" /> and has held various offices within the party, including a term on the party's executive (1991–1992).<ref name="Parliamentary profile 2013" /> In 1983 King unsuccessfully sought the Labour Party nomination for the seat of [[Tasman (New Zealand electorate)|Tasman]] following the retirement of Labour leader [[Bill Rowling]], but lost to [[Ken Shirley]].<ref>{{cite news|work=[[The Press]] |page=2 |title=Labour contender for Tasman |date=15 August 1983 }}</ref>

===Member of Parliament===
[[File:David Lange 1986.jpg|thumb|left|King (right) with [[David Lange]] (left) in 1986]]
In the [[1984 New Zealand general election|1984 election]], she stood as the party's candidate for [[Horowhenua (New Zealand electorate)|Horowhenua]], and was successful. She was re-elected in the [[1987 New Zealand general election|1987 election]].<ref name="Parliamentary profile current">{{cite web |title=Hon Annette King |url= http://www.parliament.nz/en-nz/mpp/mps/current/51MP581/king-hon-annette |publisher=[[New Zealand Parliament]] |access-date=7 October 2014 |date=22 September 2014}}</ref> King was considered one of the most effective backbenchers in the [[Fourth Labour Government of New Zealand|Fourth Labour Government]].{{sfn|Bassett|2008|p=483}}

Following the 1987 election, she was appointed parliamentary under-secretary to the Minister of Employment and of Social Welfare. In August 1989 she put herself forward to fill one of two vacant seats in cabinet, winning a caucus ballot against ex-minister [[Richard Prebble]].{{sfn|Bassett|2008|pp=505–506}} King was appointed [[Minister of Employment (New Zealand)|Minister of Employment]], [[Minister of Immigration (New Zealand)|Minister of Immigration]], and [[Minister for Youth (New Zealand)|Minister of Youth Affairs]]. She was also given special responsibility for liaising between Cabinet and the party [[caucus]].<ref name="Parliamentary profile current" />

In the [[1990 New Zealand general election|1990 election]], King lost the [[Horowhenua (New Zealand electorate)|Horowhenua]] electorate against [[Hamish Hancock]], a lawyer who stood for the National Party.<ref name="DomPost profile" /><ref>{{cite web|title=New Zealand Official Yearbook 1993 |url=http://www3.stats.govt.nz/New_Zealand_Official_Yearbooks/1993/NZOYB_1993.html |publisher=Department of Statistics |access-date=7 October 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150124102134/http://www3.stats.govt.nz/New_Zealand_Official_Yearbooks/1993/NZOYB_1993.html |archive-date=24 January 2015 }}</ref> She served as chief executive officer of the [[Palmerston North]] Enterprise Board from 1991 until the [[1993 New Zealand general election|1993 election]],<ref name="Parliamentary profile 2013" /> when she was returned to Parliament as the MP for [[Miramar (New Zealand electorate)|Miramar]].<ref name="Parliamentary profile current" /> In the [[1996 New Zealand general election|1996 election]], when the shift to [[Mixed-member proportional representation|mixed-member proportional]] (MMP) representation prompted a reorganisation of electorates, King successfully contested the new seat of [[Rongotai (New Zealand electorate)|Rongotai]]. In that 1996 election, she was ranked in sixth place on the Labour Party's list.<ref>{{cite web|title=Part III – Party Lists of Successful Registered Parties |url=http://www.electionresults.govt.nz/electionresults_1996/pdf/3.3%20Party%20Lists%20of%20Successful%20Registered%20Parties.pdf |publisher=Electoral Commission |access-date=14 June 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130208054410/http://electionresults.govt.nz/electionresults_1996/pdf/3.3%20Party%20Lists%20of%20Successful%20Registered%20Parties.pdf |archive-date=8 February 2013 |df=dmy }}</ref>

After re-entering parliament new leader [[Helen Clark]] appointed her as spokesperson for Immigration and Business & Industry in December 1993.<ref>{{cite news |work=[[The Dominion (Wellington)|The Dominion]] |title=The Labour Shadow Cabinet |date=14 December 1993 |page=2 }}</ref> Less than a year later, in October 1994, after [[Peter Dunne]] split from Labour, Clark gave King Dunne's commerce and customs portfolios as well.<ref>{{Cite news |author=Goulter, John |title=King takes over Dunne's duties |date=18 October 1994 |work=[[The Evening Post (New Zealand)|The Evening Post]] |page=2 }}</ref> In June 1995, after [[Clive Matthewson]] left Labour, King was given Matthewson's position of Shadow Minister of Social Welfare.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Party launch elevates King |date=29 June 1995 |work=[[The Evening Post (New Zealand)|The Evening Post]] |page=1 }}</ref> In August 1997 King was promoted again, replacing [[Lianne Dalziel]] as Shadow Minister of Health while relinquishing the Social Welfare portfolio.<ref>{{Cite news |first1=Nick |last1=Venter |first2=Frances |last2=Ross |title=Dalziel dumped from health job |date=9 August 1997 |work=[[The Dominion (Wellington)|The Dominion]] }}</ref>

===Cabinet Minister===
When Labour won the [[1999 New Zealand general election|1999 election]], and [[Helen Clark]] became Prime Minister, King was appointed [[Minister of Health (New Zealand)|Minister of Health]].<ref name="Parliamentary profile current" /> She was ranked sixth within Cabinet. After Labour winning a third term in government at the [[2005 New Zealand general election|2005 election]], King took on the roles of [[Minister of Transport (New Zealand)|Minister of Transport]] and [[Minister of Police (New Zealand)|Minister of Police]]. Following another reshuffle in late 2007, King became the new [[Minister of Justice (New Zealand)|Minister of Justice]].<ref name="Parliamentary profile current" /> Before the [[2008 New Zealand general election|2008 general election]] she was elevated to number four on the party list.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.electionresults.govt.nz/electionresults_2008/e9/html/e9_part3_1.html |title=Party Lists of Successful Registered Parties |publisher=Elections New Zealand |access-date=21 September 2011}}</ref>

===Deputy Leader of the Opposition===
Labour was defeated in the 2008 election by the [[New Zealand National Party|National Party]] led by relative newcomer [[John Key]]. King retained her seat with a majority of about 7,800 votes.<ref>{{cite web| url= http://www.electionresults.govt.nz/electionresults_2008/electorate-45.html |title=Official Count Results – Rongotai |date=22 November 2008 |access-date=9 October 2014 |publisher=Chief Electoral Office}}</ref> King was elected as the [[Deputy Leader of the New Zealand Labour Party|Deputy Leader of the Labour Party]] in a special caucus meeting on 11 November 2008, replacing [[Michael Cullen (politician)|Michael Cullen]].<ref name="Parliamentary profile current" /> [[Phil Goff]], another senior Labour Party member, became the Leader of the Labour Party, replacing former Prime Minister [[Helen Clark]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Gower |first=Patrick |title = Helen Clark takes foreign affairs post in Labour reshuffle |url = http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz-election-2008/news/article.cfm?c_id=1501799&objectid=10542417 |work=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |date = 11 November 2008 |access-date=8 July 2009}}</ref> King stood again for [[Rongotai (New Zealand electorate)|Rongotai]] in the 2011 general election. She was ranked second on the [[Party lists in the 2008 New Zealand general election#Labour Party|Labour Party list]].<ref name=labourlist>{{cite press release |title=Labour Party List 2011 |url= http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/PA1104/S00194/labour-party-list-2011.htm |publisher=[[New Zealand Labour Party]] |agency=[[Scoop (website)|Scoop]] |date=10 April 2011 |access-date=10 April 2011}}</ref> Following the defeat of the Labour Party in the 2011 election, Annette King announced she would step down as Deputy Leader of the Labour party, and Deputy Leader of the Opposition effective 13 December 2011.<ref name="Parliamentary profile current" /> She was succeeded as Deputy Leader by [[Grant Robertson]] in the [[2011 New Zealand Labour Party leadership election|2011 Labour Party leadership election]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/dominion-post/news/politics/6131308/David-Shearer-elected-as-Labour-leader |title=David Shearer elected as Labour leader |work=[[The Dominion Post (Wellington)|The Dominion Post]] |publisher=Fairfax New Zealand |date=13 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112062947/http://www.stuff.co.nz/dominion-post/news/politics/6131308/David-Shearer-elected-as-Labour-leader |archive-date=12 January 2012 |url-status=live |df=dmy }}</ref>

In the {{NZ election link|2014}}, King increased her majority in the Rongotai electorate, but National won the party vote for the first time since the initial MMP election in 1996.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.electionresults.govt.nz/electionresults_2014/electorate-46.html |title=Official Count Results – Rongotai |publisher=[[Electoral Commission (New Zealand)|Electoral Commission]] |date=4 October 2014 |access-date=9 October 2014}}</ref> Labour's heavy defeat at the 2014 election caused the resignation of [[David Cunliffe]] as the party's leader and the next [[2014 New Zealand Labour Party leadership election|leadership election]], with King in an interim capacity as deputy leader.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.stuff.co.nz/dominion-post/news/politics/10561799/Parker-King-to-lead-Labour-for-now |title=Parker, King to lead Labour |date=1 October 2014 |work=[[The Dominion Post (Wellington)|The Dominion Post]] |access-date=9 October 2014 |first=Andrea |last=Vance}}</ref>

Following the election of [[Andrew Little (New Zealand politician)|Andrew Little]] as the new leader, King remained as deputy in a permanent capacity. Although Little guaranteed that she would be deputy for at least a year, he did not indicate whether he wanted her to be a future Deputy Prime Minister.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tvnz.co.nz/national-news/king-robertson-winners-in-little-s-new-labour-6157970 |title=King, Robertson the winners in Little's new Labour - One News &#124; TVNZ |access-date=2014-11-23 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141123232649/http://tvnz.co.nz/national-news/king-robertson-winners-in-little-s-new-labour-6157970 |archive-date=23 November 2014 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

On 1 March 2017 King announced her intention to retire from politics at the {{NZ election link|2017}}, despite initially indicating she would only contest the election on the party list. She also stepped down from the deputy leader role.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/politics/news/article.cfm?c_id=280&objectid=11809793 |title=Labour has lost one of its giants |first=Claire |last=Trevett |date=1 March 2017 |work=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |access-date=1 March 2017 }}</ref>

==High Commissioner==
On 14 November 2018, King was appointed as [[List of high commissioners of New Zealand to Australia|High Commissioner to Australia]] by [[Minister of Foreign Affairs (New Zealand)|Foreign Affairs Minister]] [[Winston Peters]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/new-high-commissioner-australia-announced|title=New High Commissioner to Australia announced|work=The Beehive|access-date=15 November 2018}}</ref>

==Honours and awards==
King received both the [[New Zealand 1990 Commemoration Medal]], and the [[New Zealand Suffrage Centennial Medal 1993|New Zealand Suffrage Centennial Medal]] in 1993.<ref name="Whos who"/>

In 2007, King was awarded a Bravo award by the [[New Zealand Skeptics]] for her work along with "industry group Natural Products New Zealand, their attempt to provide standards and accountability via the Therapeutic Products and Medicines Bill."<ref>{{cite web|title=Bravo Awards|url=http://skeptics.nz/awards/bravo|publisher=New Zealand Skeptics|access-date=7 November 2016}}</ref>

In the [[2018 New Year Honours (New Zealand)|2018 New Year Honours]], King was appointed a [[New Zealand Order of Merit|Dame Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit]], for services as a member of Parliament.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.dpmc.govt.nz/publications/new-year-honours-list-2018 | title=New Year honours list 2018 |date=30 December 2017 | publisher=Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet | access-date=18 January 2018}}</ref>

==Family==
King is married with one daughter, and has three step-sons.<ref name="Parliamentary profile 2013" /> She is a cousin of former [[New Zealand National Party|National]] minister [[Chris Finlayson]]; King was a second cousin to Finlayson’s mother through her Russ side (the Russes were a large Nelson family also related to [[Chester Borrows]].<ref>{{cite book |last= Finlayson |first=  Christopher |title= Yes, Minister |edition=  |year= 2022 |publisher= Allen & Unwin |location= Auckland |isbn=  978-199-1006-103 |oclc= |page= 59 }} </ref>  She received verbal abuse in Parliament from Finlayson in September 2013.<ref>{{cite news
 |title= Today in Politics
 |url= http://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/9210124/Today-in-politics-Thursday-September-26
 |access-date=23 February 2014
 |work=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]]
 |agency=[[Fairfax Media]]
 |date=26 September 2013
}}</ref> Finlayson also opposed her in the Rongotai electorate at the 2008, 2011 and 2014 general elections.

In 2019 an authorized biography of King was published, co-written by John Harvey and Brent Edwards.<ref>{{cite web |author=Trevett, Claire |title=Annette King gives insider's look at the rise of Jacinda Ardern and dealing with Winston |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/politics/news/article.cfm?c_id=280&objectid=12210147 |work=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |date=6 March 2019 |access-date=6 March 2019 }}</ref>

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
{{Commons category}}
*{{cite book |last=Bassett |first=Michael |authorlink=Michael Bassett |title=Working with David – Inside the Lange Cabinet |publisher=Hodder Moa |location=Auckland |year=2008 |isbn=978-1-86971-094-1 }}
*{{cite book |title= Annette King: The Authorised Biography |last1= Harvey |first1= John |last2= Edwards |first2= John |year= 2019 |publisher= Upstart Press |location= Auckland  |isbn= 978-1-988516-37-0 }}		

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[[Category:1947 births]]
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