Editing Arrow Development

{{short description|Amusement park ride designer and manufacturer}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2014}}
{{Infobox company 
| name  = Arrow Development
| logo  = 
| fate          = Sold to Huss Maschinenfabrik (1981)
| successors    = [[HUSS Park Attractions|Arrow-Huss]]<br/>[[Arrow Dynamics]]<br/>[[S&S Worldwide|S&S Power]]
| foundation    = 1945
| founders      = Karl Bacon<br/>Ed Morgan<br/>Bill Hardiman<br/>Angus Anderson
| defunct       = 1981
| location      = [[Mountain View, California]], US
| industry      = Amusement Rides
| key_people    = Angus Anderson<br/>Karl Bacon<br/>Bill Hardiman<br/>Ed Morgan<br/>Walter Schulze<br/>[[Ron Toomer]]
| products      = [[Roller Coaster]]s, [[Log flume (ride)|Log Flumes]], Auto Rides
| num_employees = 270
}}

'''Arrow Development''' was an [[amusement park ride]] and [[roller coaster]] design and manufacturing company, incorporated in [[California]] on November 16, 1945,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.californiacompanieslist.com/arrow-development-co-f5nx/|title=ARROW DEVELOPMENT CO.|website=www.californiacompanieslist.com|access-date=January 30, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107011823/http://www.californiacompanieslist.com/arrow-development-co-f5nx/|archive-date=November 7, 2017|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref> and based in [[Mountain View, California|Mountain View]]. It was founded by Angus "Andy" Anderson, Karl Bacon, William Hardiman and Edgar Morgan.<ref name="Roller Coasters, Flumes and Flying Saucers">{{cite book|last=Reynolds|first=Robert|title=Roller Coasters, Flumes and Flying Saucers|year=1999|publisher=Northern Lights Pub|isbn=9780965735353}}</ref>{{rp|158}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://brian1.engineer.net/articles/history_of_Arrow_Development.php |title=The History of Arrow Development |publisher=Engineer.net |date=October 2009 |access-date=January 9, 2014 |first=Eric |last=Tavenier |author2=Moyer, Carolyn Anderson}}</ref> Originally located at 243 Moffett Boulevard,<ref name="Arrow Development- A forgotten piece of Mountain View's past">{{cite news|last=Perry|first=Nick|title=Arrow Development- A forgotten piece of Mountain View's past|url=http://www.mv-voice.com/morgue/2002/2002_07_26.history726.html|access-date=January 9, 2014|newspaper=Mountain View Voice|date=July 26, 2002}}</ref> it moved to a larger facility at 1555 Plymouth Street<ref name="Arrow Development- A forgotten piece of Mountain View's past" /> after Walt Disney Productions purchased one third of the business in 1960.<ref name="Roller Coasters, Flumes and Flying Saucers" />{{rp|775}}<ref>{{cite web |author=Poison Quill |url=http://www.talesofthesevenseas.com/phpbb/viewtopic.php?t=1315 |title=Arrow Development, Disney and the Disneyland POTC Ride |publisher=Tales of the Seven Seas |date=July 18, 2008 |access-date=January 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131207054324/http://www.talesofthesevenseas.com/phpbb/viewtopic.php?t=1315 |archive-date=December 7, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Arrow also had offices at 820 Huff Avenue.

By 1956, then secretary Bill Hardiman<ref>R. L. Polk Santa Clara County CA Directory, 1949-50</ref> and Angus Anderson, then vice president,<ref name="MV1954">R. L. Polk U.S. Cities Directory for Mountain View, CA 1954</ref> had sold their interests in Arrow to [[Wharton School|Wharton]] graduate Walter Schulze, who then became Arrow's secretary-treasurer and vice president. Schulze and his wife had provided accounting services for several small companies in the Bay Area, including Duro-Bond Bearing, which is where he likely heard of Arrow. Schulze left Arrow after its sale to [[Rio Grande Industries]].<ref>{{cite news |newspaper=San Jose Mercury News |title=Obituary: Pauline Schultze |date=October 18, 1993}}</ref> In 1979, Arrow listed over a dozen types of rides in their catalog, including 15 corkscrews, five looping coasters, 12 runaway mine trains, 43 flume rides, and 77 automotive rides, for a total of more than 200 rides installed at nearly 100 locations around the world.

Huss Trading Corporation purchased Arrow Development in 1981, but the combined Arrow-Huss went bankrupt in 1984. The similarly named [[Arrow Dynamics]], eventual successor to Arrow Development, was incorporated in Delaware on January 10, 1986 by Ron Toomer, Otis Hughes, David Klomp, Ray Crandall and Brent Meikle.<ref>State of Utah Division of Corporations and Commercial Code Database - Articles of Incorporation #131482</ref>

==History==
===The early years (1945–1953)===
[[File:Joshua Hendy Iron Works museum.jpg|thumb|right|Exterior of Hendy Iron Works (now a museum) in Sunnyvale, 2014.]]
Andy, Bill, Ed and Karl met while working at the [[Joshua Hendy Iron Works|Hendy Iron Works]] in Sunnyvale, CA.<ref name="Roller Coasters, Flumes and Flying Saucers" />{{rp|131}} The Hendy company had a contract with the US Navy to build [[torpedo launcher]]s and marine steam engines. By 1942, Hendy was building hundreds of marine engines for [[Liberty ship]]s. The number of employees increased to over 11,500 to meet demand. In June 1943, the union began enforcing a four-month ban on overtime, during which all machinists were to quit work after eight hours and refuse to work on Sundays.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://libcom.org/library/class-conscious-machinists-stormy-petrels-west-coast-labor |title=Class-conscious machinists: "Stormy petrels of west coast labor" |publisher=libcom.org |date=August 22, 2012 |access-date=January 9, 2014}}</ref> Hendy responded by announcing that all machinists who refused to work overtime would be discharged.<ref>{{cite news |title=Machinist Dispute Continues at Plant |date=June 27, 1943 |newspaper=San Diego Union |edition=Morning}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Dispute Slows Marine Engines |date=June 27, 1943 |newspaper=Seattle Daily Times}}</ref> Both Karl and Ed would recall later that being told to be on the picket line motivated them to start their own company.<ref name="Roller Coasters, Flumes and Flying Saucers" />{{rp|154, 158}}

Neither Bacon nor Morgan saw active duty in the military, although Ed and his younger brother Eugene enlisted in the [[US Army Air Corps|Army Air Corps]]. Ed was given a deferment based on his employment at Hendy.<ref name="Roller Coasters, Flumes and Flying Saucers" />{{rp|153}} Eugene was killed in action in the South Pacific on December 16, 1944, while serving with the [[868th Bombardment Squadron]], flying special radar equipped [[B-24 Liberator]]s designed for secret night bombing and escort missions.<ref>Interment Control Forms, 1928–1962. Interment Control Forms, A1 2110-B. Records of the Office of the Quartermaster General, 1774–1985, Record Group 92. The National Archives at College Park, College Park, Maryland.</ref>

During the early years, Arrow Development sold used [[machine tool]]s and made replacement parts for trucks, which were scarce after the war. Their first big job was building test run-in furnaces for the US Navy.  They also performed machining and assembly work for [[Luscombe Aircraft|Luscombe]], [[Hewlett-Packard]] in the 1950s, and the [[Stanford Linear Accelerator Center]] in the 1960s.<ref name="Roller Coasters, Flumes and Flying Saucers" />{{rp|167, 187, 198}} Arrow helped the [[NASA Ames Research Center]] develop 25 balloon-suspended capsules for [[high altitude research]] with monkeys, in preparation for the [[Project Mercury|Mercury Program]].

Morgan, Bacon, and Schulze are credited with building the [[carousel]] originally installed at [[Alum Rock Park]] in 1947.<ref name="Roller Coasters, Flumes and Flying Saucers" />{{rp|231;239}}&nbsp;<ref>{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=SCS19960915.1.31 |title=La Selva company builds fun, takes screams to new high |author=Musitelli, Robin |date=September 15, 1996 |newspaper=Santa Cruz Sentinel |access-date=8 November 2019}}</ref> By 1950, Arrow Development was known locally for its manufacture of carousels and other small amusement rides.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://brian1.engineer.net/articles/los_altos_town_crier_Arrow.pdf |title=Say, children, did you ever wonder where merry-go-rounds camer from? |date=September 27, 1950 |volume=3 |number=1 |newspaper=The Town Crier |page=1 |location=Los Altos, California |access-date=8 November 2019}}</ref>

===Contributions to Disneyland and Walt Disney World===
Ed Morgan read a newspaper article about Disneyland and wrote to Disney about a small stern wheel [[pedalo|paddle boat]] named “Lil’ Belle”, which Arrow had built in 1952.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://oaklandwiki.org/Peralta_Playland |title=Peralta Playland |publisher=Oakland Wiki |access-date=January 9, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wt0DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA135 |title=Here comes the ''Lil' Belle'' |author1=Elam, Leland |author2=Rosenhouse, Leo |page=135 |magazine=Popular Mechanics |date=December 1955 |access-date=8 November 2019}}</ref> Disney wasn’t interested in the boat, but became interested in the vehicles that Arrow was creating for other amusement parks. [[Imagineering|Imagineer]] Bruce Bushman gave Ed Morgan a sketch of the "Mr. Toad" vehicle, and a prototype body was quickly fabricated.<ref name="Roller Coasters, Flumes and Flying Saucers" />{{rp|330–342}} Morgan would later recall that Arrow landed their contract with Disney through the recommendation of [[Stanford Research Institute]] which did the site and population density research for Disneyland. Walt and Roy Disney had consulted with [[Harrison Price]] of SRI’s Los Angeles office on a proposal to build Disneyland in Burbank, California.

Between 1953 and 1971 Arrow would be instrumental in designing and developing over a dozen ride systems and vehicles for Disney and were awarded multiple patents for their designs.<ref>{{US Patent|3006286}}, USD189828, {{US Patent|3113528}}, {{US Patent|3114332}}, {{US Patent|3167024}}, {{US Patent|3251595}}, {{US Patent|2404635}}, USD204282</ref> Six of the opening day rides at Disneyland were built by Arrow; [[Mad Tea Party]], [[King Arthur Carrousel]], [[Mr. Toad's Wild Ride]], [[Dumbo the Flying Elephant]], [[Casey Jr. Circus Train]], and [[Snow White's Scary Adventures]].<ref name="Pioneers share Living Legend Award">{{cite journal|last=O'Brien|first=Tim|title=Pioneers share Living Legend Award|journal=Amusement Business|date=November 30, 1998|volume=110|issue=48|page=20}}</ref><ref name=Gurr>{{cite web|last=Gurr|first=Bob|title=DESIGN: Those Were The Times – No.23 1955 Arrow Development – Ed Morgan and Karl Bacon|url=http://micechat.com/49581-bob-gurr-arrow-development/|publisher=MiceChat|access-date=November 28, 2013|date=November 27, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.inventingdisneyland.com/2018/05/bruce-bushman-disney-legend.html |title=Bruce Bushman, Disney Legend |author=Dallas, Alastair |date=July 10, 2018 |website=Inventing Disneyland [blog] |access-date=8 November 2019}}</ref>
<gallery mode="packed" heights="125px">
File:TeacupsMadTeaParty wb.jpg|[[Mad Tea Party]] (2006)
File:Disneyland park - Anaheim Los Angeles California USA (9894056214) (3).jpg|[[King Arthur Carrousel]] (2011)
File:Dlp dumbo.jpg|[[Dumbo the Flying Elephant]] (2010)
File:CaseyJrCircusTrain at Disneyland.JPG|[[Casey Jr. Circus Train]] (2009)
</gallery>

Arrow went on to design and build vehicles and track systems for the [[Midget Autopia]] and [[Motor Boat Cruise|Motorboat Cruise]] (1957), [[Alice in Wonderland (Disneyland attraction)|Alice in Wonderland]] (1958), the [[Matterhorn Bobsleds]] (1959), [[Flying Saucers (attraction)|Flying Saucers]] (1961) and the Mark VI redesign of Autopia cars (1963). The tram cars which carried guests from the parking lot to the park's entrance at Disneyland and Disney World were another Arrow Product. They also designed and built the ride systems for [[It's a Small World]] (1964/66), [[Pirates of the Caribbean (attraction)|Pirates of the Caribbean]], [[Adventure Through Inner Space]] (1967), and the [[The Haunted Mansion|Haunted Mansion]] (1969). Arrow has also been credited for improving the guidance system for the [[Submarine Voyage]] (1959) and prototyping a four-track version of Space Mountain for Walt Disney World in Orlando.<ref>Mouse Planet; WDW's Space Mountain by George McGinnis, July 6, 2005</ref>

[[D. H. Morgan Manufacturing|Dana Morgan]], the son of co-founder Ed Morgan, recalled that Arrow was involved in fourteen of the Walt Disney World attractions, including Dumbo the Flying Elephant and Peter Pan, Pirates of the Caribbean, the parking lot trams, Sky Buckets and the Prince Charming Carousel.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wdwnt.com/wdwnt-the-magazine-arrow-dynamics-disneys-coaster-partner/ |title=The Magazine – Arrow Dynamics: Disney's Coaster Partner &#124; WDW News Today |publisher=WDW News Today |access-date=January 9, 2014 |first=Michael |last=Truskowski|date=June 14, 2013 }}</ref> The last ride system Arrow may have worked on for Walt Disney World would have been Big Thunder Mountain Railroad, which opened November 15, 1980, two months before the merger with [[HUSS Maschinenfabrik]] which formed Arrow-Huss.

===Non-Disney rides===
The 1947 carousel at Alum Rock was later moved to the [[Happy Hollow Park & Zoo]] in 1964, where it still operates as the King Neptune's Carousel.<ref name=HH-History/> Karl and Ed also set up a separate company called Easbey<ref name="Roller Coasters, Flumes and Flying Saucers" />{{rp|293}} which won a contract with the city of Oakland, California, to install rides at the [[Children's Fairyland]] at [[Lake Merritt]], which was built in 1950. The Flecto Carousel was built by Arrow in 1950, although it was not installed at Fairyland until 2002.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cfairyland.blogspot.com/2016/03/a-carousel-of-love.html |title=A Carousel of Love |date=March 23, 2016 |website=Children's Fairyland [blog] |access-date=8 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.eastbaytimes.com/2016/03/30/snapp-shots-restored-fairyland-carousel-opens-to-public/ |title=Snapp Shots: Restored Fairyland carousel opens to public |author=Snapp, Martin |date=March 30, 2016 |newspaper=East Bay Times |access-date=8 November 2019}}</ref>

In 1955, Arrow built a demonstration children's park called Playtown, next to [[Palo Alto]]'s Town and Country Village Shopping Center, where they demonstrated new rides including a miniature train, boat, "Arrow-plane," and carousel. They also had a demonstration park across the bay near [[San Leandro]] and another in [[Los Altos, California|Los Altos]].

On August 21, 1960, a tragic accident occurred at Playtown involving the son of [[Frank Freidel]], a visiting professor at Stanford, known for his extensive biography of Franklin Roosevelt.  While Frank's wife Madeleine was buying tickets for the miniature train ride, their {{frac|3|1|2}} year old son Phillip wandered off, sat down on the tracks and was hit by the train, suffering massive head and leg injuries. He was pronounced dead on arrival at the Palo Alto-Stanford Hospital.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://newspaperarchive.com/san-mateo-times-aug-22-1960-p-18/ |title=Shop Center's Play Train Kills Boy, 3 |newspaper=San Mateo Times |url-access=subscription |date=August 22, 1960 |access-date=8 November 2019}}</ref> Playtown closed soon after.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cestcop.com/Playtown.htm |title=Playtown Town & Country Village, Palo Alto |publisher=Cestcop.com |date=June 7, 2010 |access-date=January 9, 2014 |first=Mike |last=Carroll |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150111094826/http://www.cestcop.com/Playtown.htm |archive-date=January 11, 2015 |url-status=usurped |df=mdy-all }}</ref>

[[File:Danny Train 4933 (5671032060).jpg|thumb|right|Danny the Dragon guided train at [[Happy Hollow Park & Zoo]], San Jose]]
Arrow developed the Mystery Island Banana Train ride for [[Pacific Ocean Park]], which was one of the opening-day rides in 1958.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.westland.net/venicehistory/articles/pop.htm |title=Pacific Ocean Park (1958-1967) |author=Stanton, Jeffrey |date=April 6, 1998 |website=Westland |access-date=8 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://boingboing.net/2014/05/05/pacificoceanpark.html |title=10 photos from L.A.'s long-gone Pacific Ocean Park, a day out by the sea you'll never enjoy |author=Merritt, Chris |date=May 5, 2014 |website=Boing Boing |access-date=8 November 2019}}</ref> Arrow also developed an extensive [[Alice in Wonderland]] ride for [[Blackpool Pleasure Beach]], which opened in 1961.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://arrowdevelopment.blogspot.com/2016/12/alices-english-twin.html |title=Alice's English Twin |date=December 18, 2016 |website=Building Disney's Dream Rides: Arrow Development — The Little Company That Could [blog] |access-date=8 November 2019}}</ref> For the 1962 [[Seattle World's Fair]], Arrow created the "Space Whirl", a [[teacup ride]] which simulated the feeling of being launched into space.

For [[Freedomland U.S.A.]], located in New York City from 1960 to 1964, Arrow created four dark rides (Earthquake, Buccaneer, Tornado and Mine Cave), Spin-A-Top (similar to Disneyland's Mad Tea Party), horse-drawn street cars, antique cars (known as Horseless Carriage) and freeway cars for the Satellite City Turnpike. Arrow's contributions to the park are documented in ''Freedomland U.S.A.: The Definitive History'' published by Theme Park Press (2019). Arrow also created the Danny the Dragon train ride (two trains) for Freedomland <ref>{{cite web |url=http://arrowdevelopment.blogspot.com/2016/05/danny-dragon.html |title=Danny the Dragon's Legacy |date=May 27, 2016 |website=Building Disney's Dream Rides: Arrow Development — The Little Company That Could [blog] |access-date=8 November 2019}}</ref> and Happy Hollow (1961),<ref name=HH-History>{{cite web |url=https://happyhollow.org/about-us/our-history/ |title=Our History |website=Happy Hollow Park & Zoo |access-date=8 November 2019}}</ref> the Cave Train and vintage auto rides for the [[Santa Cruz Beach Boardwalk]] and [[Adventureland (New York)]], teacup ("snowball") and bobsled rides for [[Santa's Village (Scotts Valley)|Santa's Village]] in Scotts Valley, CA, [http://www.frontiervillage.net/pages/antauto.html Frontier Village's Antique Car Ride], the Timber Mountain Log and Hat Dance ("Sombrero") rides at [[Knott's Berry Farm]], a suspended monorail and electric boat ride for the [[Anheuser-Busch]] brewery in Van Nuys, CA and Florida<ref>{{cite news |newspaper=San Jose Mercury News |date=September 2, 1962 |title=Your Fun is Their Business |first=Harold V. |last=Streeter}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/535345/firm_creates_amusement_rides_abilene/ |newspaper=Abilene Reporter-News |date=July 26, 1962 |page=53 |agency=AP |title=Firm Creates Amusement Ride Ideas |first=Harold V. |last=Streeter}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.monorails.org/tmspages/BuschT.html |title=Novelty Monorails - Busch Gardens, Tampa |publisher=Monorails.org |access-date=January 9, 2014 |first=David B. |last=Simons Jr. |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140128150139/http://www.monorails.org/tMspages/BuschT.html |archive-date=January 28, 2014 |df=mdy }}</ref> and an [[omnimover]] type ride for Hershey's Chocolate World Great American Chocolate Tour.

Arrow reinvented and improved on the flume ride which had been popular in the early 1900s. The first modern log flume ride being [[El Aserradero]] at [[Six Flags Over Texas]] which opened in 1963. [[Runaway Mine Train (Six Flags Over Texas)|The Runaway Mine Train]] (1966), designed by [[Ron Toomer]], was both the first mine train roller coaster and the first roller coaster with an underwater tunnel. Arrow's second mine train ride opened at [[Six Flags over Georgia]] in 1967, followed by another at [[Cedar Point]] in 1969. Arrow Development would build 22 flume rides between 1970 and 1975. Toomer was promoted to Manager of Engineering at Arrow Development in 1971.

Arrow's 1979 brochure listed 32 roller coasters, 12 Runaway Mine Trains, 43 Flume rides, 5 "Space Whirl" rides, 4 Rub-a-Dubs, 7 Dark Rides, 20 Special Systems, 49 Antique Car and 28 Sports Car ride installations. Arrow's 1979 product brochure also listed eight Merry-Go-Rounds, mostly installed in California, ranging from {{convert|20|to|60|ft|m|2}} in [[diameter]].

===Post Disney era transition into Arrow Dynamics and S&S Arrow===
When Disney opened Central Shops in 1971, Dick Nunis, then Executive VP, told Arrow, “I have to admit that we could not have done this without you. But it’s over now. We built this big facility and we’re going to do everything ourselves.” Dana Morgan recalled, “They made it very clear that it was a new era—that they now had all this in-house capability built up, and they would now do everything themselves.”<ref name="Roller Coasters, Flumes and Flying Saucers" />{{rp|231, 239}}

In 1972, Bacon, Morgan and Schulze decided to sell Arrow Development to [[Rio Grande Industries]]. Rio Grande had plans to build several theme parks, in addition to owning a coaster-building company. Carl and Ed acted as consultants to RGI for a few years.  Walter Schultz sold all his RGI stock and retired shortly after the acquisition. All of the projects that were submitted during that time were rejected by RGI management, although they were often developed later by other companies. Ron Toomer stated that "building roller coasters really didn't fit into Rio Grande's scheme of things".<ref name="Deseret News">{{cite web|url=http://www.deseretnews.com/article/13256/COASTER-WARS.html?pg=all|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140110200936/http://www.deseretnews.com/article/13256/COASTER-WARS.html?pg=all|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 10, 2014|title=COASTER WARS : ARROW DYNAMICS RIDING HIGH IN RACE FOR THRILLS AND CHILLS|website=[[Deseret News]] |date=August 7, 1988}}</ref> In 1977, Arrow opened a {{convert|120,000|sqft|m2|adj=on}} manufacturing facility in the Freeport Center in [[Clearfield, Utah]].<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite news |title=Some of the Most Exciting Coasters are Utah Exports |newspaper=Deseret News |date=June 11, 1982}}</ref> By 1980, they were no longer operating in Mountain View.<ref name="ReferenceB">CALIFORNIA REGIONAL WATER QUALITY CONTROL BOARD, SAN FRANCISCO BAY REGION, ORDER NO. 01-010, January 24, 2001</ref>

On November 22, 1981, Huss Trading Corporation bought Arrow Development from RGI. The new company registered in Utah as Arrow-Huss, with design and administrative offices in Scott's Valley, CA.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> Edgar Morgan's son Dana, was President, Robert Peers was a Director and Secretary and Peter Joyce was Vice President and Treasurer.  Arrow-Huss registered with the State of California as a Foreign Stock business on January 12, 1981, but its status as a valid company was eventually forfeited.  Dana Morgan would be reported as President of Arrow Huss in 1982. Morgan left Arrow-Huss and started [[Morgan Manufacturing]] in 1983, nominally to build carousels, although their first contract was for a roller coaster. In 1984, Arrow-Huss' officers were reported as Bernard Peer Zwickau, President; Boyd Draeger Vice President; Robert Peers, Secretary; Gail E. Dyreng, Comptroller. Klaus Huss, Dr. Urs. Affolter and Robert Peers were reported as Directors. In 1985, Robert Larsen was the Director of Finance.<ref name="Utah Commerce">{{cite web|url=https://secure.utah.gov/bes/action/index|title=Utah Business Search - Utah.gov|website=secure.utah.gov}}</ref>

Arrow-Huss filed for bankruptcy late in November 1984, two weeks after Ron Toomer had relocated his family to Utah. Thirteen of the company’s American officers, including Toomer, negotiated a buyout. Late in 1985 the takeover was approved by the court. By that time none of the original founders of Arrow Development had any financial or managerial interest in the company. On January 10, 1986, [[Arrow Dynamics]] was incorporated in Delaware, with offices in Clearfield, Utah, and Norm Scott as President. Scott would die unexpectedly on July 1 of that same year.

Around this time (mid-80's) Arrow partnered with [[Vekoma]], a Dutch manufacturer of farming and mining equipment, in an effort to have a dealer in the European market. Initially, Arrow built ride vehicles and the more complex track sections in Utah and shipped them to Holland. Over a period of several months Arrow taught Vekoma to build all types of track sections for their European customers. Vekoma then began competing directly with Arrow in the United States.

On January 6, 1986, restated articles of incorporation, changing the name of Arrow Huss to Arrow Dynamics, Inc. were filed in Delaware. On March 10, 1987, Ron Toomer, Otis S. Hughes and Brent H. Meikle would file an application for certification of authority for Arrow Dynamics, Inc., also in Delaware.

On May 27, 1987, Toomer, Hughes and Meikle would draft articles of incorporation for Arrow Dynamics as a Utah corporation. Issued stock was valued at $12 million.<ref name="Utah Commerce"/> On June 27, 1987, Arrow Dynamics, Inc. (Utah) and Arrow Dynamics, Inc. (Delaware) would merge, with the Delaware corporation surviving.<ref name="Utah Commerce"/> On February 22, 1988, Arrow Dynamics, Inc. would be dissolved as a Delaware corporation. The April 11, 1988, notice also states that the former name of Arrow Dynamics was Arrow Huss, Inc. In a 1988 interview, Toomer would state that although Arrow Huss had been profitable, Huss "just kept taking money out of it".<ref name="Deseret News"/>

Ron Toomer served as President of Arrow Dynamics until 1993. In 1994, he brought in $3.5 million in international funding and was promoted to chairman. Allan Harris was brought in as president about 1995 and was CEO in 1998. Toomer would act as a Consulting Director until his retirement in 1998.<ref>Ripley's Legends of the Amusement Park Industry, by Tim O'Brien, pg 229.</ref>  Arrow Dynamics' authority to operate in Utah would be revoked in October 1999 for failure to file their annual report, but be reinstated in November.<ref name="Utah Commerce"/> Toomer retired in 2000.

Arrow Dynamics declared bankruptcy on December 3, 2001, owing more than $2.2 million to its 20 largest unsecured creditors. As part of its reorganization plan, Arrow agreed that it would no longer build its own rides.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2002/apr/09/thrill-ride-firm-went-bankrupt-in-december/|title=Thrill ride firm went bankrupt in December|date=April 9, 2002}}</ref> The court set a $2.25 million minimum price for the purchase of all of Arrow Dynamics assets.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deseretnews.com/article/917886/Offer-made-to-buy-Arrow-Dynamics.html?pg=all|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140110195747/http://www.deseretnews.com/article/917886/Offer-made-to-buy-Arrow-Dynamics.html?pg=all|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 10, 2014|title=Offer made to buy Arrow Dynamics|website=[[Deseret News]] |date=June 5, 2002}}</ref> On February 8, 2002, the Cauldron for the [[2002 Winter Olympic Games]] in Salt Lake City was lit. The steel tower supporting the cauldron was designed by Arrow Dynamics.

In 2002, [[S&S Power]] was looking for opportunities to expand their business, citing acquisitions as the best method to do so.<ref name="S&S moves to snap up defunct rivals">{{cite journal|last=O'Brien|first=Tim|title=S&S moves to snap up defunct rivals|journal=Amusement Business|date=August 12, 2002|volume=114|issue=32|pages=1, 9}}</ref> In October, S&S founded S&S Arrow, a [[limited liability company]] which purchased the assets of the bankrupt [[Arrow Dynamics]].<ref name="S&S affiliate catches Arrow">{{cite journal|last=O'Brien|first=Tim|title=S&S affiliate catches Arrow|journal=Amusement Business|date=November 4, 2002|volume=114|issue=44|page=8}}</ref> Despite the name and work of S&S Arrow, legally it was not a successor to Arrow Dynamics.<ref name="Ibanez v. S&S">{{cite web|title=Carlos Ibanez v. S&S Worldwide Inc. et al.|url=http://www.courts.ca.gov/opinions/nonpub/B238269.DOC|publisher=California Courts|access-date=January 9, 2014|date=May 20, 2013}}</ref>

In November 2012, Sansei Yusoki Co. Ltd, acquired controlling interest in S&S and renamed itself [[Sansei Technologies|S&S Sansei Technologies]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.engineeringexcitement.com/|title=S&S Sansei -|website=www.engineeringexcitement.com}}</ref> Sansei obtained all the remaining Arrow assets and intellectual property. On a related note; Sansei provides Disney with Omnimover ride systems for the [[Buzz Lightyear attractions]] and [[The Little Mermaid: Ariel's Undersea Adventure|Little Mermaid: Ariel's Undersea Adventure]] attractions.

==Arrow Development Properties==
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}}
The building at 243 Moffett in Mountain View, which was built in 1946 by the founders, was still standing in December 2013 and the site of an automotive body shop.

The 820 Huff address appears on documents created by Arrow for the Walt Disney Company. It is roughly two blocks north of 1555 Plymouth.

'''1555 Plymouth''' was occupied by Arrow Development from April 1960 until November 1980. During that time, the property was one parcel with the address of 1555 Plymouth Street.

South Bay Construction and Development Company (SBCDC) purchased the site in November 1982 and subdivided it into three parcels: 1555, 1615, and 1625 Plymouth Street. SBCDC constructed the building currently at 1555 Plymouth Street in 1983, which was used as storage for Norcal Tech, Inc. The property was sold to Sierra Greens in June 1985 and leased to Silicon Graphics, Inc.

'''1615 Plymouth''' - Interaction Chemical leased the 1615 Plymouth Street parcel from SBCDC beginning in December 1982. Interaction Chemical purchased the parcel in May 1983. In 1992, the assets of Interaction Chemical were purchased by Interaction Chromatography, who moved out of the building in May 1992. Fusion Medical Technologies began occupying the property in 1994.

'''1625 Plymouth''' - The property was also leased to Norcal from November 1982 to November 1989 and Symtron (who purchased Norcal) from November 1989 to November 1997. During this time, Norcal and Symtron manufactured printed circuit boards at the site. In November 1997, Sanmina Corporation acquired Symtron and subsequently purchased the property two years later in 1999.<ref name="ReferenceB"/>

On June 25, 2013, Broadreach Capital Partners announced that it had acquired the {{convert|5.2|acre|ha|adj=on}} site comprising 1615 and 1625 Plymouth, where it planned to develop, own and manage a state-of-the-art office project.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/sanjose/news/2013/06/24/rare-shoreline-development-parcel.html |access-date=March 26, 2020 |title=Broadreach acquires 1615 and 1625 Plymouth }}</ref> Broadreach secured $150 million in financing and broke ground on the site in 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cpexecutive.com/post/silicon-valley-build-to-suit-office-project-lands-150m-loan/ |access-date=March 26, 2020 |title=Broadreach secures financing }}</ref> As of February 2020 the new building is 100% leased and occupied by [[Google]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/sanjose/news/2020/02/21/google-ameswell-mountain-view-lease-goog.html |access-date=March 26, 2020 |title=Google Leases 1625 Plymouth }}</ref>

==See also==
*[[List of Arrow Development rides]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cite web |url=http://arrowdevelopment.blogspot.com/ |title=Building Disney's Dream Rides: Arrow Development — The Little Company That Could |website=blogspot.com}}

===Patents===
* {{cite patent |url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US3006286A/en |title=Amusement vehicle apparatus |number=3006286 |country=US |status=grant |gdate=31 October 1961 |fdate=22 May 1959 |invent1=Karl W. Bacon |invent2=Edgar O. Morgan |assign=Walt Disney Productions}}
* {{cite patent |url=https://patents.google.com/patent/USD189828S/en |title=Amusement ride car |number=189828 |country=US |status=designated |gdate=28 February 1961 |fdate=4 April 1960 |invent1=Karl W. Bacon |invent2=Edgar O. Morgan |assign=Walt Disney Productions}}
* {{cite patent |url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US3113528A/en |title=Boat ride apparatus |number=3113528 |country=US |status=grant |gdate=10 December 1963 |fdate=1 July 1960 |invent2=Karl W. Bacon |invent1=Edgar A. Morgan |assign=Arrow Development Company}}
* {{cite patent |url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US3114332A/en |title=Bobsled amusement ride |number=3114332 |country=US |status=grant |gdate=10 December 1963 |fdate=1 July 1960 |invent1=Karl W. Bacon |invent2=Edgar O. Morgan |assign=Walt Disney Company}}
* {{cite patent |url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US3167024A/en |title=Bobsled amusement ride |number=3167024 |country=US |status=grant |gdate=26 January 1965 |fdate=25 January 1963 |invent1=Karl W. Bacon |invent2=Edgar O. Morgan |assign=Walt Disney Company}}
* {{cite patent |url=https://patents.google.com/patent/USD204282S/en |title=Passenger-carrying amusement boat |number=204282 |country=US |status=designated |gdate=5 April 1966 |fdate=8 March 1965 |invent1=Edgar A. Morgan |assign=Walt Disney Productions}}
* {{cite patent |url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US3251595A/en |title=Air car and supporting apparatus |number=3251595 |country=US |status=grant |gdate=17 May 1966 |fdate=11 May 1962 |invent2=Karl W. Bacon |invent1=Edgar A. Morgan |assign=Walt Disney Company}}
* {{cite patent |url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US3404635A/en |title=Boat amusement ride |number=3404635 |country=US |status=grant |gdate=8 October 1968 |fdate=16 April 1965 |invent1=Karl W. Bacon |invent2=Edgar A. Morgan |assign=Walt Disney Company}}
* {{cite patent |url=https://patents.google.com/patent/USD229354S/en |title=Amusement park boat |number=229354 |country=US |status=designated |gdate=20 November 1973 |fdate=22 May 1972 |invent1=Edgar A. Morgan |assign=Arrow Development Company}}
* {{cite patent |url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US3865041A/en |title=Rotary platform vehicle passenger loading system |number=3865041 |country=US |status=grant |gdate=11 February 1975 |fdate=16 April 1973 |invent1=Karl W. Bacon |assign=Arrow Development Company}}
* {{cite patent |url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US3889605A/en |title=Amusement ride with a vehicle track portion following the shape of a helix |number=3889605 |country=US |status=grant |gdate=17 June 1975 |fdate=19 February 1974 |invent1=Karl W. Bacon |assign=Arrow Development Company}}
* {{cite patent |url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US3972527A/en |title=Passenger powered rotating amusement ride |number=3972527 |country=US |status=grant |gdate=3 August 1976 |fdate=16 October 1975 |pridate=21 November 1974 |invent1=Karl W. Bacon |assign=Arrow Development Company}}
{{Roller coaster manufacturers}}

[[Category:Roller coaster manufacturers]]
[[Category:Companies based in Mountain View, California]]
[[Category:Defunct companies based in the San Francisco Bay Area]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies established in 1945]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies disestablished in 1981]]
[[Category:1945 establishments in California]]
[[Category:1981 disestablishments in California]]