Editing Arsenal Factory

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{{Infobox company
| name = Arsenal Special Device Production State Enterprise
| logo = File:Kyiv Arsenal Plant logo.png
| caption = 
| type = [[government-owned corporation|State-owned company]]
| genre = 
| foundation = 1764 (originally), reestablished in the post-[[World War II]] period
| founder = Russian Empire, [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] government
| location_city = [[Kyiv]]
| location_country = [[Ukraine]]
| location = <!--modifies "Headquarters" entry-->
| key_people = Director & Chief Designer Mykola I. Lykholit
| area_served = 
| industry = [[Arms industry]]
| products = [[Weapons]], armored vehicles, various [[optics]], precision mechanic, cryogenics and electronic products
| services = 
| revenue = {{Increase}} ₴ 337 million<ref name="auto">{{cite web |title=Баланс (Звіт про фінансовий стан) 010420 |url=http://arsenalcdb.com.ua/images/pdfs/Баланс%20(Звіт%20про%20фінансовий%20стан)010420.pdf |website=arsenalcdb |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021011135/http://arsenalcdb.com.ua/images/pdfs/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%20(%D0%97%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%20%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9%20%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD)010420.pdf |archive-date=2020-10-21 |date=2020 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
| operating_income = 
| net_income = 
| num_employees = 1098<ref name="auto"/>
| parent = [[National Space Agency of Ukraine]]
| divisions = 
| subsid = 
| owner = [[Government of Ukraine|Ukraine]]
| slogan = 
| homepage = [http://arsenalcdb.com.ua/ arsenalcdb.com.ua]
| dissolved = 
| footnotes = 
}}

[[File:11 big.jpg|300px|thumb|Headquarters of the Arsenal SDP SE.]]
'''Arsenal''' '''Special Device Production State Enterprise''' ({{langx|uk|Казенне підприємство спеціального приладобудування «Арсенал»|translit=Kazenne pidpryiemstvo spetsialnoho pryladobuduvannya Arsenal}}), also known as the '''Arsenal Factory,''' is one of the oldest [[factory|factories]] in [[Kyiv]].

==History==

===Pre-1918===
The factory was established in 1764 as a repair and production facility of the [[Imperial Russian Army]] and the factory was initially based in a [[Kyiv Fortress]] compound in the [[Pecherskyi District|Pechersk]] (Печерськ) district of the city. Workers at the factory included sniper [[Lyudmila Pavlichenko]], who worked as a [[Grinding machine|grinder]] at the factory prior to 1941.<ref>Д. Ф. Устинов Во имя Победы. — М.: Воениздат, 1988. — С. 142—144.</ref>

=== The Revolution and World War II events ===
{{Main|Kiev Arsenal January Uprising}}
On January 29, 1918, the workers of the factory organized an armed pro-[[Bolshevik]] mutiny known as a [[Kiev Arsenal mutiny]] or a ''January Rebellion'' against [[Tsentral'na Rada]], the Ukrainian assembly that declared the independence of Ukraine. To commemorate the event, the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] authorities preserved the historic defensive wall bearing the traces of shelling (situated on the city's ''Moskovs'ka Street'' near the ''Arsenal'na'' [[Kyiv Metro|metro]] station).

[[File:Kiev Arsenal Factory (ddima).JPG|thumb|left|210px|The Kyiv Arsenal Factory, seen with bullet damage during the pro-Bolshevik mutiny when Ukrainian government troops suppressed them.]]
While the civil production lines were added to the factory starting from 1918, the factory produced mostly the military related products throughout its history. In the 1920s, 1930s and during [[World War II]] the factory mainly produced [[artillery]], [[anti-tank]], and [[anti-aircraft]] guns. In summer 1941, immediately after the outbreak of the war between the Soviet Union and the Axis powers, the factory was quickly evacuated to [[Perm, Russia|Perm]] in the [[Ural Mountains]], far from hostilities. The factory buildings in Kiev suffered heavy damages from German [[bombing]]s. The relocated "Arsenal" continued to play a major role in arming the [[Red Army]].

===Post-war===
After the war, the Arsenal factory was reestablished anew at its Kyiv location and partly converted into a [[Civilian|civil]] company named ''Zavod Arsenal'' (while the other, smaller, part remained an unremarkable [[military]] repairing facility under a different name). Since that time, the name ''Arsenal'' is mostly associated with the larger company rather than with the military one (occupying the oldest building of old arsenal). During the [[Cold War]] [[arms race]], Arsenal developed dramatically, becoming an important manufacturer of the military-related products and employing tens of thousands of people. The factory mainly specialized in optical components for the Soviet military and [[Soviet space program|space programs]]. The factory also produced the professional grade photographic [[cameras]] [[Kiev-Arsenal (photo camera)|"Kiev"]] but civil production played only a minor role in factory output. Tens of thousands of people where employed at the "Arsenal".

===Perestroika and independence===

After the beginning of [[perestroika]], military orders dropped drastically and the Arsenal factory fell into a crisis which is still ongoing. The management attempted to [[arms industry conversion|convert]] the factory by concentrating more on consumer optics and other civil products, but these attempts did little to help the factory to emerge from the crisis. Comparatively insignificant figures of civil production sales could not support the employment of military-specialized workers in such numbers and maintain the gigantic premises.

Today, control systems, gyroscopes, accelerometers and other products are used to create [[Neptune (cruise missile)|'Neptune']], [[Vilkha (missile complex)|'Vilkha']], [[Hrim-2 (missile system)|'Hrim-2']] missiles and missile systems, [[RK-3 Corsar|'Korsar']], [[:ru:Стугна-П|'Stugna']] [[Anti-tank guided missile|ATGM]]. Products of the company are used in Ukrainian space program. Civil production includes consumer optics, medical and banking equipment, gauges for the [[natural gas]] and [[light-emitting diode|optical diode]]-based [[traffic lights]]. In addition, the company performs calculations and manufacturing of optical systems and other products to order.

In 2019, [[Intergal-Bud]] construction company bought 1.4 ha or Arsenal Factory and rebuilt one of buildings into an office space.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ірина |first=Автор: Стасюк |date=2022-02-15 |title=Корпус заводу Арсенал перебудували під бізнес-центр: фото до і після |url=https://hmarochos.kiev.ua/2022/02/15/korpus-zavodu-arsenal-perebuduvaly-pid-biznes-czentr-foto-do-i-pislya/ |access-date=2022-04-27 |website=Хмарочос |language=uk}}</ref>

==Art museum project==
In 2004, a Ukrainian [[business oligarch|oligarch]] and art [[philanthropist]] [[Viktor Pinchuk]] suggested to establish a [[modern art]] gallery in the oldest 19th century building of the Arsenal. This large fortress-like [[brick]] structure, situated on the ''Tsytadel'na Street'' and recognized as [[architectural]] monument, now belongs to the Ukrainian military and is poorly maintained. Later, [[Viktor Yushchenko]], the [[President of Ukraine]], expressed his support to the museum idea but suggested that the museum had to be state-run and dominated by more traditional art pieces in order to become a "Ukrainian [[Hermitage Museum|Hermitage]]". The process of converting the building to a civil use succeeded and in 2007 the museum called [[Art Arsenal]] (Mystetskyi Arsenal) was officially opened. Nowadays, [[Art Arsenal]] (Mystetskyi Arsenal) which is based in some buildings of the Arsenal enterprise, is one of the biggest and most popular art location in Ukraine.

==Product brands==
[[File:Kiev II - Киев II.jpg|thumb|Kiev photo cameras]]
;Photo cameras
* [[Kiev (brand)|Kiev]]
* [[Salyut Cameras]]
*
;Camera lenses
* [[Arsat]]
;General
* [[Fotar]]

==Notable people==
*[[Boryslav Brondukov]]
*[[Lyudmila Pavlichenko]]
* [[Usher Ayzenberg]]
* [[Boris Ayzenberg]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110701072922/http://www.arsenalcdb.com.ua/ arsenalcdb.com.ua] - Official website {{in lang|uk}} &ndash; {{in lang|en}} &ndash; {{in lang|ru}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060824092053/http://www.archunion.com.ua/gradsovet_06_01_11.html Archunion.com.ua] - Plans for the construction of an art museum {{in lang|ru}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Arsenal Factory}}
[[Category:Defence companies of Ukraine]]
[[Category:Optics manufacturing companies]]
[[Category:Aviation in Ukraine]]
[[Category:Economy of Kyiv]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Kyiv]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies established in 1764]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Defence companies of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Manufacturing plants in Ukraine]]
[[Category:State Space Agency of Ukraine]]
[[Category:Companies established in 1764]]
[[Category:Military history of Kyiv]]
[[Category:Photography equipment manufacturers]]