Editing Arthur Auwers

{{Short description|German astronomer (1838–1915)}}
{{More footnotes|date=April 2011}}

 {{Infobox scientist
| name = Arthur Auwers
| image = Arthur Auwers 1884 Theodor Prumm Prumm Theodor btv1b8452873q (cropped).jpg
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| caption = Arthur Auwers in 1884
| birth_date = {{birth date|1838|9|12|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Göttingen]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1915|1|24|1838|9|12|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Berlin]]
| residence = 
| nationality = German
| ethnicity = 
| field = [[Astronomy]]
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'''Georg Friedrich Julius Arthur von Auwers''' (12 September 1838 – 24 January 1915) was a German [[astronomer]]. Auwers was born in [[Göttingen]] to Gottfried Daniel Auwers and Emma Christiane Sophie (née Borkenstein).<ref>{{cite book |title=The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers |last=Hockey |first=Thomas |year=2009 |publisher=[[Springer Publishing]] |isbn=978-0-387-31022-0 |access-date=August 22, 2012 |url=http://www.springerreference.com/docs/html/chapterdbid/58089.html}}</ref>

He attended the [[University of Göttingen]] and worked at the [[University of Königsberg]]. He specialized in [[astrometry]], making very precise measurements of stellar positions and motions. He detected the companion stars of [[Sirius]] and [[Procyon]] from their effects on the main star's motion, before telescopes were powerful enough to visually observe them. He was from 1866 Secretary to the [[Prussian Academy of Sciences|Berlin Academy]], and directed expeditions to measure the [[Astronomical transit|transits]] of [[Venus]], in order to measure the distance from the earth to the [[Sun]] more accurately, and therefore be able to calculate the dimensions of the [[Solar System]] more accurately and with greater precision. He began a project to unify all available sky charts, an interest that began with his catalog of [[nebulae]] which he published in 1862. He died in [[Berlin]]. His grave is preserved in the [[Protestant]] ''Friedhof&nbsp;I der Jerusalems- und Neuen Kirchengemeinde'' (Cemetery No.&nbsp;I of the congregations of [[Jerusalem's Church]] and [[Deutscher Dom|New Church]]) in [[Kreuzberg|Berlin-Kreuzberg]], south of [[Hallesches Tor (Berlin U-Bahn)|Hallesches Tor]].

His son [[Karl von Auwers]] became a well known chemist and discoverer of the [[Auwers synthesis]].

==Honors==
'''Awards'''
* Foreign Honorary Member of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]], ''1880''<ref name=AAAS>{{cite web|title=Book of Members, 1780-2010: Chapter A|url=http://www.amacad.org/publications/BookofMembers/ChapterA.pdf|publisher=[[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]]|access-date=27 April 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110510021801/http://www.amacad.org/publications/BookofMembers/ChapterA.pdf| archive-date= 10 May 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref>
* [[Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society]], ''1888''
* [[James Craig Watson Medal]], ''1891''
* [[Pour le Mérite]] (civil class), ''31 May 1892''<ref name="prus1895">{{citation|title=Königlich Preussische Ordensliste (supp.)|volume=1|chapter=Pour le Mérite|page=[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015049878823&view=1up&seq=432&skin=2021 6]|language=German|location=Berlin|year=1886|via=hathitrust.org}}</ref>
* [[Bruce Medal]], ''1899''
* The crater [[Auwers (crater)|Auwers]] on the [[Moon]] is named after him

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.phys-astro.sonoma.edu/BruceMedalists/Auwers/index.html Bruce Medal page]
* [http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/PASP./0011//0000061.000.html Awarding of Bruce Medal]
* [http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/MNRAS/0048//0000236.000.html Awarding of RAS Gold Medal]
* [[File:1900 Arthur Auwers, Astronom.png|thumb|Ölgemälde (1900) v. Prof. Ernst Hildebrand (1833-1923), Berlin]]

===Obituaries===
* [http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/AN.../0200//0000109.000.html AN '''200''' (1915) 185/186] (in German)
* [http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/MNRAS/0076//0000284.000.html MNRAS '''76''' (1916) 284]
* [http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/Obs../0038//0000177.000.html Obs '''38''' (1915) 177]

==Further reading==
* {{cite encyclopedia
  | last = Sticker
  | first = Bernhard
  | title = Auwers, Arthur Julius Georg Friedrich von
  | encyclopedia = [[Dictionary of Scientific Biography]]
  | volume = 1
  | pages = 339–340 
  | publisher = [[Charles Scribner's Sons]]
  | location = New York
  | year = 1970
  | isbn = 0-684-10114-9
 }}
{{Expand German|topic=bio|Arthur von Auwers|date=March 2017}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Auwers, Arthur}}
[[Category:1838 births]]
[[Category:1915 deaths]]
[[Category:19th-century German astronomers]]
[[Category:Scientists from Göttingen]]
[[Category:People from the Kingdom of Hanover]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Königsberg]]
[[Category:University of Göttingen alumni]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Bruce Medal]]
[[Category:Foreign members of the Royal Society]]
[[Category:Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:Members of the Prussian Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:Honorary Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh]]
[[Category:Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences]]
[[Category:Corresponding members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:Honorary members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class)]]
[[Category:Members of the Austrian Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:Members of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities]]