Editing Arthur Rowley

{{short description|English football player and cricketer}}
{{for multi|the early 20th century player|Arthur Rowley (footballer, born 1870)|the Liverpool F.C. player|Arthur Rowley (footballer, born 1933)}}
{{Use British English|date=February 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2015}}

{{Infobox football biography
| name= Arthur Rowley
| image = 
| fullname = George Arthur Rowley Jr.
| height = 
| birth_date  = {{birth date|1926|4|21|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Wolverhampton]], England
| death_date  = {{death date and age|2002|12|19|1926|4|21|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Shrewsbury]], England
| position = [[Inside forward|Inside left]]
| youthyears1 = 1941–1944 | youthclubs1 = [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] 
| years1 = 1946–1948 | clubs1 = [[West Bromwich Albion F.C.|West Bromwich Albion]] | caps1 = 24  | goals1 = 4  
| years2 = 1948–1950 | clubs2 = [[Fulham F.C.|Fulham]]                             | caps2 = 56  | goals2 = 27
| years3 = 1950–1958 | clubs3 = [[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]]             | caps3 = 303  | goals3 = 251
| years4 = 1958–1965 | clubs4 = [[Shrewsbury Town F.C.|Shrewsbury Town]]           | caps4 = 236  | goals4 = 152 
| totalcaps  = 619 | totalgoals = 434 
| manageryears1 = 1958–1968 
| manageryears2 = 1968–1969 
| manageryears3 = 1970–1976 
| manageryears4 = c.1976
| managerclubs1 = [[Shrewsbury Town F.C.|Shrewsbury Town]] 
| managerclubs2 = [[Sheffield United F.C.|Sheffield United]] 
| managerclubs3 = [[Southend United F.C.|Southend United]] 
| managerclubs4 = [[Knighton Town F.C.|Knighton Town]]
}}

'''George Arthur Rowley Jr.''' (21 April 1926 – 19 December 2002), nicknamed '''"The Gunner"''' because of his explosive left-foot shot,<ref name="transferrecord">{{cite web |title=The Transfer Record: Arthur Rowley |url=https://www.lcfc.com/news/1297464/the-transfer-record-arthur-rowley?lang=en |publisher=Leicester City F.C. |access-date=10 April 2024}}</ref> was an English [[association football|football]] player and cricketer. He holds the record for the [[List of footballers in England by number of league goals|most goals in the history of English league football]], scoring 434 from 619 league games. He was the younger brother of [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] footballer [[Jack Rowley]]. He was shortlisted for inclusion into the [[English Football Hall of Fame]] in 2008.<ref name="hof">{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/shropshire/7029326.stm|title=Bid to honour footballer Rowley|access-date=6 October 2007|work=[[BBC News]]|date=5 October 2007| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20071011070543/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/shropshire/7029326.stm| archive-date= 11 October 2007 | url-status= live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Gray |first=William |title=Record goalscorer dies |access-date=12 May 2015 |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/3040037/Record-goalscorer-dies.html |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=London |date=20 December 2002}}</ref>

He holds the club record for the most goals in a single season at both [[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]] and [[Shrewsbury Town F.C.|Shrewsbury Town]], scoring 44 goals in 42 league matches at Leicester in [[1956–57 in English football|1956–57]]<ref name="transferrecord"/> and 38 goals in 43 games for Shrewsbury in [[1958–59 in English football|1958–59]]. He is also Shrewsbury's record league goalscorer with 152 league goals.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/shropshire/content/articles/2005/03/22/sport_arthur_rowley_feature.shtml Tribute to Town Legend Rowley ] bbc.co.uk, retrieved 20 February 2011]</ref> He is Leicester's second all-time top goalscorer, netting 265 times for the Foxes, 8 goals short of [[Arthur Chandler (footballer)|Arthur Chandler]]'s record.<ref>[http://www.lcfc.com/page/Records/0,,10274~1028867,00.html Leading Goalscorers ]  {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120908051845/http://www.lcfc.com/page/Records/0%2C%2C10274~1028867%2C00.html |date=8 September 2012 }} lcfc.com, retrieved 20 February 2011</ref>

==Early life==
George Arthur Rowley was the third son of Mark Rowley, a well known goalkeeper playing semi-professionally in the Birmingham League. Born in Wolverhampton where he was educated at [[Dudley Road School]] and later at [[St Peter's Collegiate School]], he started his career originally as a centre-half before moving up front where his prowess in the forward line won him an early selection into the school's first team. He went on to win local honours with Wolverhampton and County honours with both Birmingham and Staffordshire. He was selected for England schoolboys but the outbreak of the war robbed him of the opportunity.<ref name=mlad1>{{cite book|last=Francis|first=Peter|title=A Matter of Life and Death, The Secrets of Shrewsbury Cemetery|year=2006|publisher=Logaston Press|page=102|isbn=978-1-904396-58-1}}</ref>

==Playing career==
===Manchester United===
On leaving school in 1940, Rowley went to work for a sheet metal firm doing war work before joining his older brother Jack in Manchester. Thus Rowley began his career at [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]], signing as an Amateur just four days after his 15th birthday. The following day, 26 April 1941, at 15 years and 5 days old, he became the youngest ever player to feature in the Manchester United first team when he lined up alongside Jack in a war-time league match against [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool]] at [[Anfield]].

Rowley went on to play seven times for the United first team before being released in May 1944.<ref>Sons of United- Steve Hobin & Tony Park</ref>

===West Bromwich Albion===
Rowley also played regularly as an amateur at [[Wolverhampton Wanderers]] as guest during the war, before turning professional with [[West Bromwich Albion F.C.|West Bromwich Albion]] later in the summer of 1944. However, he struggled at [[The Hawthorns]] both to score goals and gain a regular place in the first team.

===Fulham===
Albion sold Rowley early in the 1948–49 season to [[Fulham F.C.|Fulham]], where he immediately found his goal-scoring touch, scoring 19 goals in 22 appearances as he helped the side to the [[Football League Second Division|Second Division]] title.

Rowley failed to recapture his form in the [[Football League First Division|First Division]] as he scored only 7 goals.

===Leicester City===
At the end of his first season in the top flight he was sold to [[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]]. There was much criticism from Leicester fans originally towards manager [[Norman Bullock]] on signing the relatively unproven Rowley as a replacement for the well-liked [[Jack Lee (footballer, born 1920)|Jack Lee]]. However, after a slow start as a centre forward, Bullock moved Rowley into the "number 10" inside left role which is where he would make his name at the Foxes, on 23 September, in which Rowley scored Leicester's consolation goal in a 2–1 defeat to [[Coventry City F.C.|Coventry City]]."<ref name="OFAF">{{Cite book|author=Dave Smith & Paul Taylor|title=Of Fossils and Foxes|year=2010|publisher=Pitch |isbn=978-1-905411-94-8}}</ref> By the end of his debut season, his 28 goals had appeased the crowd, though the club still finished in a disappointing 14th position.<ref>[http://www.statto.com/football/stats/england/division-two-old/1950-1951 English Division Two (old) 1950–1951 : Table ] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100116031346/http://www.statto.com/football/stats/england/division-two-old/1950-1951 |date=16 January 2010 }} statto.com, retrieved 20 February 2011</ref>

It was in his second season that Rowley began to make a name for himself as he broke [[Arthur Chandler (footballer)|Arthur Chandler]]'s club record for the most goals in a season, netting 38 times. He then broke his own record again the following season, scoring 41 times in 42 games, 39 of these goals coming in the league, earning him the [[Football League Second Division|Second Division]] golden boot award.<ref>[https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engtops.html Football League Div 1 & 2 Leading Goalscorers 1947–92 ] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110628202228/http://www.rsssf.com/tablese/engtops.html#1947-1 |date=28 June 2011 }} rsssf.com, retrieved 20 February 2011</ref> He scored a further 36 goals in the [[1953–54 in English football|1953–54]] season helping fire Leicester to the Second Division title.

However, Leicester lasted just one season in the First Division as they were relegated back to the second tier at the first attempt. A couple of seasons later, in [[1956–57 in English football|1956–57]], Rowley broke the club record for the most goals in a season for the third time, scoring 44 times in 42 games (this record still stands today), again earning him the Second Division top goalscorer award and again leading Leicester to the Second Division title. Rowley scored a further 20 times in 25 games in [[1957–58 in English football|1957–58]] to help Leicester this time avoid relegation back to the second tier.

However [[Dave Halliday]] decided to sell Rowley in the summer of 1958 when he was just 8 goals short of Arthur Chandler's club record for the all-time top goalscorer. This led to a loss of faith by the fans and ultimately his sacking 2 months into the [[1958–59 in English football|1958–59]] season.<ref name="OFAF"/>

In his 8 seasons at [[Filbert Street]] overall, Rowley scored 265 goals in 321 games, including 16 hat-tricks.<ref name="OFAF"/>

===Shrewsbury Town===
In the summer of 1958 Rowley left Leicester, who were playing in the First Division, to become the player-manager of [[Shrewsbury Town F.C.|Shrewsbury Town]] of the newly created [[Football League Fourth Division|Fourth Division]]. In his first season at the [[Gay Meadow]] Rowley led Shrewsbury to promotion with a haul of 38 goals in 43 games, winning the Fourth Division golden boot.<ref>[https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engtops.html Football League Div 3 & 4 Leading Goalscorers 1947–92 ] rsssf.org, retrieved 20 February 2011</ref> He followed that up in the [[Football League Third Division|Third Division]] as he continued scoring prolifically, netting 32, 28, 23 and 24 times over the next four seasons, before falling away in his last couple of seasons with the club as he began to put on weight and became less mobile, but his influence on the pitch was still to be seen, even employing himself as a makeshift defender on occasion, before finally retiring in 1965.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/news/2002/dec/21/guardianobituaries.football Obituary – Arthur Rowley – Prolific goalscorer blessed with an explosive left foot ] ''The Guardian'' (London), retrieved 20 February 2011</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080531002911/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/arthur-rowley-611668.html Arthur Rowley – Obituary] ''The Independent'' (London), retrieved 20 February 2011</ref>

==Management career==
===Sheffield United===
After retiring as a player Rowley managed Shrewsbury for another four years before becoming manager of [[Sheffield United F.C.|Sheffield United]] on 11 July 1968. United had just been relegated to Division Two but despite good signings who would later gain the team promotion, results were disappointing and he was sacked on 6 August 1969.

He managed [[Southend United F.C.|Southend United]] from 1970 to 1976 and was also assistant manager of [[Telford United F.C.|Telford United]] and manager of non-league [[Knighton Town F.C.|Knighton Town]] and [[Oswestry Town F.C.|Oswestry Town]] before leaving football.<ref name="tele">{{Cite web |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2002/12/23/db2303.xml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071225152059/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2002/12/23/db2303.xml |url-status=dead |archive-date=25 December 2007 |title= Arthur Rowley |access-date=6 October 2007 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=23 December 2002}}</ref>

==Cricketing career==
Rowley represented [[Shropshire County Cricket Club|Shropshire]] in three [[Minor Counties Championship]] matches between 1961 and 1962 as a right-handed batsman and a [[leg break]] bowler, and played at club level for Rolls-Royce in Shrewsbury.<ref>{{cite book|last=Percival|first=Tony|title=Shropshire Cricketers 1844-1998|year=1999|publisher=A.C.S. Publications, Nottingham|pages=38,57|isbn=1-902171-17-9}}Published by Association of Cricket Statisticians and Historians.</ref>

==Later life==
Rowley made his home in the suburb of [[Copthorne, Shrewsbury]]. He continued to visit the Gay Meadow as a spectator. In 2000, he was voted by Shrewsbury Town their 'player of the century'. He died in December 2002 aged 76 and was buried on Saturday 26 December ([[Boxing Day]]) in Shrewsbury General Cemetery in Longden Road.<ref name=mlad2>{{cite book|title=A Matter of Life and Death, The Secrets of Shrewsbury Cemetery|page=104}}</ref> His headstone, in Plot 18, describes him as a "record breaking football hero".<ref name=mlad1 />

==Honours==
'''Fulham'''
*[[Football League Second Division|Second Division]] champions: [[1948–49 in English football|1948–49]]

'''Leicester City'''
*[[Football League Second Division|Second Division]] champions: [[1953–54 in English football|1953–54]], [[1956–57 in English football|1956–57]]

'''Individual'''
*[[Football League Second Division|Second Division]] top goalscorer: (with Leicester City) [[1952–53 in English football|1952–53]], [[1956–57 in English football|1956–57]]
*[[Football League Fourth Division|Fourth Division]] top goalscorer: (with Shrewsbury Town) [[1958–59 in English football|1958–59]]

==Career statistics==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!rowspan=2|Club
!rowspan=2|Season
! colspan="3" |League
!colspan=2|FA Cup
!colspan=2|Total
|-
!Division
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
|-
|rowspan="4"|[[West Bromwich Albion F.C.|West Bromwich Albion]]
|[[1946–47 Football League|1946–47]]
|[[Football League Second Division|Second Division]]
|2||0||0||0||2||0
|-
|[[1947–48 Football League|1947–48]]
|Second Division
|21||4||0||0||21||4
|-
|[[1948–49 Football League|1948–49]]
|Second Division
|1||0||0||0||1||0
|-
!Total
!
!24!!4!!0!!0!!24!!4
|-
|rowspan="3"|[[Fulham F.C.|Fulham]]
|[[1948–49 Football League|1948–49]]
|Second Division
|22||19||?||0||?||19
|-
|[[1949–50 Football League|1949–50]]
|[[Football League First Division|First Division]]
|34||8||?||0||?||8
|-
!Total
!
!56!!27!!3!!0!!59!!27
|-
|rowspan="9"|[[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]]
|[[1950–51 Football League|1950–51]]
|Second Division
|39||28||1||0||40||28
|-
|[[1951–52 Football League|1951–52]]
|Second Division
|42||38||2||0||44||38
|-
|[[1952–53 Football League|1952–53]]
|Second Division
|41||39||1||2||42||41
|-
|[[1953–54 Football League|1953–54]]
|Second Division
|42||30||8||6||50||36
|-
|[[1954–55 Football League|1954–55]]
|[[Football League First Division|First Division]]
|36||23||1||0||37||23
|-
|[[1955–56 Football League|1955–56]]
|Second Division
|36||29||3||6||39||35
|-
|[[1956–57 Football League|1956–57]]
|Second Division
|42||44||1||0||43||44
|-
|[[1957–58 Football League|1957–58]]
|[[Football League First Division|First Division]]
|25||20||1||0||26||20
|-
!Total
!
!303!!251!!18!!14!!321!!265
|-
|rowspan="8"|[[Shrewsbury Town F.C.|Shrewsbury Town]]
|[[1958–59 Football League|1958–59]]
|[[Football League Fourth Division|Fourth Division]]
|43||38||5||1||48||39
|-
|[[1959–60 Football League|1959–60]]
|[[Football League Third Division|Third Division]]
|41||32||1||1||42||33
|-
|[[1960–61 Football League|1960–61]]
|Third Division
|40||28||13||4||53||32
|-
|[[1961–62 Football League|1961–62]]
|Third Division
|41||23||7||6||48||29
|-
|[[1962–63 Football League|1962–63]]
|Third Division
|40||24||5||3||45||27
|-
|[[1963–64 Football League|1963–64]]
|Third Division
|19||5||0||0||19||5
|-
|[[1964–65 Football League|1964–65]]
|Third Division
|12||2||0||0||12||2
|-
! colspan="2" |Total
!236!!152!!31!!15!!267!!167<ref>Breathe On 'Em Salop - The Second Coming by Mike Jones</ref>
|-
! colspan="3" |Career total
!619||434||52||29||671||463
|}

== See also ==
* [[List of footballers with 500 or more goals|List of men's footballers with 500 or more goals]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/228/228647/228647.html CricketArchive]
*[https://www.theguardian.com/obituaries/story/0,3604,863948,00.html Obituary in ''The Guardian'']

{{Navboxes
|title = Awards
|bg = gold
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|list1 =
{{English Second Division top scorers}}
{{English Fourth Division top scorers}}
{{Shrewsbury Town F.C. Hall of Fame}}
{{Football League 100 Legends}}
}}
{{Navboxes
|title=Managerial positions
|list1=
{{Shrewsbury Town F.C. managers}}
{{Sheffield United F.C. managers}}
{{Southend United F.C. managers}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Rowley, Arthur}}
[[Category:1926 births]]
[[Category:2002 deaths]]
[[Category:Burials in Shropshire]]
[[Category:Footballers from Wolverhampton]]
[[Category:English cricketers]]
[[Category:Shropshire cricketers]]
[[Category:Men's association football forwards]]
[[Category:English men's footballers]]
[[Category:West Bromwich Albion F.C. players]]
[[Category:Fulham F.C. players]]
[[Category:Leicester City F.C. players]]
[[Category:Shrewsbury Town F.C. players]]
[[Category:English football managers]]
[[Category:Shrewsbury Town F.C. managers]]
[[Category:Sheffield United F.C. managers]]
[[Category:Southend United F.C. managers]]
[[Category:English Football League managers]]
[[Category:English Football League players]]
[[Category:English Football League representative players]]
[[Category:Oswestry Town F.C. managers]]
[[Category:Cricketers from Wolverhampton]]
[[Category:20th-century English sportsmen]]