Editing Arvicolinae

{{Short description|Subfamily of rodents}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = Arvicolinae
| fossil_range = Late [[Miocene]] – recent
| image = Meadvole.jpg
| image_caption = [[Meadow Vole|Meadow vole]] (''Microtus pennsylvanicus'')
| taxon = Arvicolinae
| authority = [[John Edward Gray|Gray]], 1821
| subdivision_ranks = [[Genus|Genera]]
| subdivision = 
see text
}}

The '''Arvicolinae''' are a [[subfamily]] of [[rodent]]s that includes the [[vole]]s, [[lemming]]s, and [[muskrat]]s.  They are most closely related to the other subfamilies in the [[Cricetidae]] (comprising the [[hamster]]s and [[New World rats and mice]]<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Steppan |first1=S. J. |first2=R. A. |last2=Adkins |first3=J. |last3=Anderson |year=2004 |title=Phylogeny and divergence date estimates of rapid radiations in muroid rodents based on multiple nuclear genes |journal=Systematic Biology |volume=53 |issue=4 |pages=533–553 |doi=10.1080/10635150490468701|pmid=15371245 }}</ref>).  Some authorities place the subfamily Arvicolinae in the family [[Muridae]] along with all other members of the superfamily [[Muroidea]].<ref>Musser, G. G. and M. D. Carleton. 2005. Superfamily Muroidea. Pp. 894-1531 ''in'' Mammal Species of the World a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder eds. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.</ref>  Some refer to the subfamily as the '''Microtinae''' (yielding the adjective "microtine")<ref name="Nakao-et-al-2010">{{cite journal | last1=Nakao | first1=Minoru | last2=Yanagida | first2=Tetsuya | last3=Okamoto | first3=Munehiro | last4=Knapp | first4=Jenny | last5=Nkouawa | first5=Agathe | last6=Sako | first6=Yasuhito | last7=Ito | first7=Akira | title=State-of-the-art ''Echinococcus'' and ''Taenia'': Phylogenetic taxonomy of human-pathogenic tapeworms and its application to molecular diagnosis | journal=[[Infection, Genetics and Evolution]] | publisher=[[Elsevier]] | volume=10 | issue=4 | year=2010 | issn=1567-1348 | doi=10.1016/j.meegid.2010.01.011 | pages=444–452| pmid=20132907 | bibcode=2010InfGE..10..444N }}</ref> or rank the taxon as a full [[family (biology)|family]], the '''Arvicolidae'''.<ref>McKenna, M. C. and S. K. Bell. 1997. [[Taxonomic classification|Classification]] of [[Mammal]]s above the [[Species]] Level. Columbia University Press, New York.
</ref>

The Arvicolinae are the most populous group of [[Rodent]]ia in the Northern Hemisphere.  They often are found in fossil occlusions of bones cached by past predators such as owls and other birds of prey.  Fossils of this group are often used for [[biostratigraphy|biostratigraphic]] dating of paleontological and archeological sites in North America and Europe.<ref>{{Cite book
  | last = Klein
  | first = Richard
  | title = The Human Career: Human Biological and Cultural Origins
  | publisher = The University of Chicago Press
  | location = London
  | year = 2009 
  | page = 25
  | isbn = 978-0-226-43965-5}}</ref>

== Description ==
The most convenient distinguishing feature of the Arvicolinae is the nature of their [[Molar (tooth)|molar]] teeth, which have prismatic [[Cusp (dentistry)|cusps]] in the shape of alternating triangles.  These molars are an adaptation to a [[herbivore|herbivorous]] diet in which the major food plants include a large proportion of abrasive materials such as [[phytolith]]s; the teeth get worn down by abrasion throughout the adult life of the animal and they grow continuously in compensation.<ref>Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006.; "The Diversity of Cheek Teeth"; The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed November 26, 2011 at http://animaldiversity.org.</ref>

Arvicolinae are [[Holarctic]] in distribution and represent one of only a few major [[Muroidea|muroid]] radiations to reach the [[New World]] via [[Beringia]].  (The others are the three subfamilies of [[New World rats and mice]].)  Arvicolines do very well in the subnival zone beneath the winter snowpack, and persist throughout winter without needing to [[hibernation|hibernate]].  They are also characterized by extreme fluctuations in population numbers.

Most arvicolines are small, furry, short-tailed [[vole]]s or [[lemming]]s, but some, such as ''[[Ellobius]]'' and ''[[Hyperacrius]]'', are well adapted to a [[fossorial]] lifestyle.  Others, such as ''[[Ondatra]]'', ''[[Neofiber]]'',  and ''[[Arvicola]]'', have evolved larger body sizes and are associated with an [[aquatic animal|aquatic]] lifestyle.

== Phylogeny ==
The [[phylogeny]] of the Arvicolinae has been studied using morphological and molecular characters. Markers for the molecular phylogeny of arvicolines included the [[mitochondrial DNA]] cytochrome b (''cyb'') gene <ref>Conroy CJ, Cook JA. 1999. MtDNA evidence for repeated pulses of speciation within arvicoline and murid rodents. J. Mammal. Evol. 6:221-245.</ref>
and the exon 10 of the [[growth hormone receptor]] (''ghr'') nuclear gene.<ref name="Galewski2006">Galewski T, Tilak M, Sanchez S, Chevret P, Paradis E, Douzery EJP. 2006. [http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/6/80 The evolutionary radiation of Arvicolinae rodents (voles and lemmings): relative contribution of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA phylogenies. BMC Evol. Biol. 6:80].</ref> The comparison of the ''cyb'' and ''ghr'' phylogenetic results seems to indicate nuclear genes are useful for resolving relationships of recently evolved animals. As compared to mitochondrial genes, [[nuclear gene]]s display several informative sites in third [[codon]] positions that evolve rapidly enough to accumulate [[synapomorphies]], but slow enough to avoid evolutionary noise.
Of note, mitochondrial [[pseudogenes]] translocated within the nuclear genome complicate the assessment of the mitochondrial DNA [[Homology (biology)#Orthology|orthology]], but they can also be used as phylogenetic markers.<ref>Triant DA, DeWoody JA. 2008. Molecular analyses of mitochondrial pseudogenes within the nuclear genome of arvicoline rodents. Genetica 132:21-33.</ref>
Sequencing complete mitochondrial genomes of voles <ref>Lin Y-H, Waddell PJ, Penny D. 2002. Pika and vole mitochondrial genomes increase support for both rodent monophyly and glires. Gene 294:119-129.</ref> may help to distinguish between authentic genes and pseudogenes.

The complementary phylogenetic analysis of morphological and molecular characters <ref name="Galewski2006"/><ref>Robovsky J, Ricánková V, Zrzavy J. 2008. Phylogeny of Arvicolinae (Mammalia, Cricetidae): utility of morphological and molecular data sets in a recently radiating clade. Zool. Scripta 37:571–590.</ref>
suggests:
* ''[[Ellobius]]'', ''[[Prometheomys]]'', and ''[[Lagurus (rodent)|Lagurus]]'' are among the most basal arvicolines.
* ''[[Dicrostonyx]]'', ''[[Phenacomys]]'', and ''[[Arborimus]]'' may form a clade.
* Core arvicolines include four subclades:
** [[Lemmini]]: ''Synaptomys'', ''Lemmus'', ''Myopus''
** [[Myodini]]: ''Eothenomys'', ''Myodes''
** [[Arvicolini]]: ''Arvicola''
** [[Microtini]]: ''Alexandromys'', ''Chionomys'', ''Hyperacrius'', ''Lasiopodomys'', ''Lemmiscus'', ''Microtus'', ''Mictomicrotus'', ''Neodon'', ''Proedromys'', ''Stenocranius'', ''Volemys''
* ''[[Ondatra]]'' and ''[[Dinaromys]]'' positions are uncertain, probably compromised by the [[convergent evolution]] of morphological characters.

Some authorities have placed the [[zokor]]s within the Arvicolinae, but they have been shown {{by whom|date=January 2017}} to be unrelated.

A 2021 study found [[Lemmini]] to be the most basal group of Arvicolinae. The study also found ''[[Arvicola]]'' to actually fall outside the tribe [[Arvicolini]], and to be sister to the tribe [[Lagurini]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Abramson|first1=Natalia I.|last2=Bodrov|first2=Semyon Yu|last3=Bondareva|first3=Olga V.|last4=Genelt-Yanovskiy|first4=Evgeny A.|last5=Petrova|first5=Tatyana V.|date=2021-11-19|title=A mitochondrial genome phylogeny of voles and lemmings (Rodentia: Arvicolinae): Evolutionary and taxonomic implications|journal=PLOS ONE|language=en|volume=16|issue=11|pages=e0248198|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0248198|issn=1932-6203|pmc=8604340|pmid=34797834|bibcode=2021PLoSO..1648198A |doi-access=free }}</ref>

== Classification ==

[[Image:Rötelmausschädel.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Skull of a [[bank vole]]: Note the distinctive molar pattern characteristic of arvicolines.]]
'''Subfamily Arvicolinae''' - [[vole]]s, [[lemming]]s, [[muskrat]]s

The subfamily Arvicolinae contains eleven tribes, eight of which are classified as voles, two as lemmings, and one as muskrats.<ref name=MDD>{{cite journal|author=Mammal Diversity Database |year=2023|title=Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set] |journal=Zenodo |doi=10.5281/zenodo.7830771}}</ref> Recent changes to the subfamily include disbanding genus ''[[Red-backed vole (disambiguation)|Myodes]]'' in favor of genera ''[[Clethrionomys]]'' and ''[[Craseomys]]'' (and disbanding [[Myodini]] in favor of [[Clethrionomyini]]), moving most of the genera from [[Arvicolini]] to [[Microtini]], and renaming [[Phenacomyini]] as [[Pliophenacomyini]].<ref name=MDD/>

* Tribe [[Arvicolini]]
** Genus ''[[Arvicola]]'' - water voles
*** [[European water vole|European (or Northern) water vole]] (''Arvicola amphibius'' or ''Arvicola terrestris'')
*** [[Southwestern water vole|Southwestern (or southern) water vole]] (''Arvicola sapidus'')
*** [[Montane water vole]] (''Arvicola scherman'')
* Tribe [[Microtini]]
** Genus ''[[Alexandromys]]''
***[[Alpine vole]] (''Alexandromys alpinus'') {{small|split off from ''A. mongolicus''}}<ref name=alpinus>{{BioRef|asm|title=''Alexandromys alpinus''|id=1006515}}</ref>
***[[Evorsk vole]] (''Alexandromys evoronensis'')
***[[Reed vole]] (''Alexandromys fortis'')
***[[Taiwan vole]] (''Alexandromys kikuchii'')
***[[Lacustrine vole]] (''Alexandromys limnophilus'')
***[[Maximowicz's vole]] (''Alexandromys maximowiczii'')
***[[Middendorff's vole]] (''Alexandromys middendorffi'')
***[[Mongolian vole]] (''Alexandromys mongolicus'')
***[[Japanese grass vole]] (''Alexandromys montebelli'')
***[[Muya Valley vole]] (''Alexandromys mujanensis'')
***[[Tundra vole]] or root vole (''Alexandromys oeconomus'')
***[[Sakhalin vole]] (''Alexandromys sachalinensis'')
***[[Shantar vole]] (''Alexandromys shantaricus'') {{small|split off from ''A. maximowiczii''}}<ref name=shantaricus>{{BioRef|asm|title=''Alexandromys shantaricus''|id=1002027}}</ref>
** Genus ''[[Chionomys]]'' - snow voles
*** [[Caucasian snow vole]], ''Chionomys  gud''
*** [[European snow vole]], ''Chionomys  nivalis''
*** [[Robert's snow vole]], ''Chionomys  roberti''
*** [[Lazistan snow vole]] (''Chionomys lasistanius'') {{small|split from ''C. gud''}}<ref name=lasistanius>{{BioRef|asm|title=''Chionomys lasistanius''|id=1002043}}</ref>
*** [[Stekolnikov's snow vole]] (''Chionomys stekolnikovi'') {{small|recently described}}<ref name=stekolnikovi>{{BioRef|asm|title=''Chionomys stekolnikovi''|id=1006652}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Golenishchev |first1=F. N. |last2=Malikov |first2=V. G. |last3=Bannikova |first3=A. A. |last4=Zykov |first4=A. E. |last5=Yiğit |first5=N. |last6=Çolak |first6=E. |year=2022 |title=Diversity of snow voles of the "nivalis" group (''Chionomys'', Arvicolinae, Rodentia) in the eastern part of the range with a description of a new species |journal=Russian Journal of Theriology |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=1–12|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/361085614|doi=10.15298/rusjtheriol.21.1.01|s2cid=250649779 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
** Genus ''[[Hyperacrius]]'' - voles from [[Pakistan]]
*** [[True's vole]], ''Hyperacrius fertilis''
*** [[Murree vole]], ''Hyperacrius wynnei''
** Genus ''[[Lasiopodomys]]''
*** [[Brandt's vole]], ''Lasiopodomys brandtii''
*** [[Mandarin vole]], ''Lasiopodomys mandarinus''
** Genus ''[[Lemmiscus]]''
*** [[Sagebrush vole]], ''Lemmiscus curtatus''
** Genus ''[[Microtus]]'' - voles
*** [[Insular vole]], ''M. abbreviatus''
*** [[California vole]], ''M. californicus''
*** [[Rock vole]], ''M. chrotorrhinus''
*** [[Long-tailed vole]], ''M. longicaudus''
*** [[Mexican vole]], ''M. mexicanus''
*** [[Singing vole]], ''M. miurus''
*** [[North American water vole]], ''M.  richardsoni''
*** [[Zempoaltépec vole]], ''M. umbrosus''
*** [[Taiga vole]], ''M. xanthognathus''
*** Subgenus ''Microtus''
**** [[Field vole]], ''M. agrestis''
**** [[Anatolian vole]], ''M. anatolicus''
**** [[Common vole]], ''M. arvalis''
**** [[Cabrera's vole]], ''M. cabrerae''
**** [[Doğramaci's vole]], ''M. dogramacii''
**** [[Elbeyli vole]], ''M. elbeyli''
**** [[Günther's vole]], ''M. guentheri''
**** [[Harting's vole]], ''M. hartingii''
**** [[Tien Shan vole]], ''M. ilaeus''
**** [[Persian vole]], ''M. irani''
**** [[Mediterranean field vole]], ''M. lavernedii''
**** [[Turkish vole]], ''M. lydius''
**** [[Kerman vole]], ''M. kermanensis''
**** [[Southern vole]], ''M. levis''
**** [[Paradox vole]], ''M. paradoxus''
**** [[Qazvin vole]], ''M. qazvinensis''
**** [[Portuguese field vole]], ''M. rosianus''
**** [[Schidlovsky's vole]], ''M. schidlovskii''
**** [[Social vole]], ''M. socialis''
**** [[European pine vole]], ''M. subterraneus''
**** [[Transcaspian vole]], ''M. transcaspicus''
*** Subgenus ''[[Blanfordimys]]''
**** [[Afghan vole]], ''M. afghanus''
**** [[Bucharian vole]], ''M. bucharicus''
**** [[Juniper vole]], ''M. juldaschi''
***Subgenus ''[[Terricola (subgenus)|Terricola]]''
**** [[Bavarian pine vole]], ''M. bavaricus''
**** [[Calabria pine vole]], ''M. brachycercus''
**** [[Daghestan pine vole]], ''M. daghestanicus''
**** [[Mediterranean pine vole]], ''M. duodecimcostatus''
**** [[Felten's vole]], ''M. felteni''
**** [[Liechtenstein's pine vole]], ''M. liechtensteini''
**** [[Lusitanian pine vole]], ''M. lusitanicus''
**** [[Major's pine vole]], ''M. majori''
**** [[Alpine pine vole]], ''M. multiplex''
**** [[Sicilian pine vole]], ''M. nebrodensis''
**** [[Savi's pine vole]], ''M. savii''
**** [[Tatra pine vole]], ''M. tatricus''
**** [[Thomas's pine vole]], ''M. thomasi''
*** Subgenus ''[[Mynomes]]''
**** [[Gray-tailed vole]], ''M. canicaudus''
**** [[Western meadow vole]], ''M. drummondi''
**** [[Florida salt marsh vole]], ''M. dukecampbelli''
**** [[Montane vole]], ''M.  montanus''
**** [[Creeping vole]], ''M. oregoni''
**** [[Eastern meadow vole]], ''M. pennsylvanicus''
**** [[Townsend's vole]], ''M. townsendii''
*** Subgenus ''[[Pitymys]]''
**** [[Guatemalan vole]], ''M. guatemalensis''
**** [[Tarabundí vole]], ''M. oaxacensis''
**** [[Woodland vole]], ''M. pinetorum''
**** [[Jalapan pine vole]], ''M. quasiater''
*** Subgenus ''[[Pedomys]]''
**** [[Prairie vole]], ''M. ochrogaster''
*** Subgenus ''[[Hyrcanicola]]''
**** [[Schelkovnikov's pine vole]], ''M. schelkovnikovi''
** Genus ''[[Mictomicrotus]]''
*** [[Liangshan vole]], ''Mictomicrotus liangshanensis''
** Genus ''[[Neodon]]'' - mountain voles
*** [[Bershula mountain vole]] (''Neodon bershulaensis'')
*** [[Bomi mountain vole]] (''Neodon bomiensis'')
*** [[Chayu mountain vole]] (''Neodon chayuensis'')
*** [[Clarke's vole]] (''Neodon clarkei'')
*** [[Forrest's mountain vole]] (''Neodon forresti'')
*** [[Plateau vole]] (''Neodon fuscus'')
*** [[Chinese scrub vole]] (''Neodon irene'')
*** [[Blyth's vole]] (''Neodon leucurus'')
*** [[Liao Rui's mountain vole]] (''Neodon liaoruii'')
*** [[Linzhi mountain vole]] (''Neodon linzhiensis'')
*** [[Medog mountain vole]] (''Neodon medogensis'')
*** [[Namchabarwa mountain vole]] (''Neodon namchabarwaensis'')
*** [[Nepalese mountain vole]] (''Neodon nepalensis'')
*** [[Nyalam mountain vole]] (''Neodon nyalamensis'')
*** [[Shergyla mountain vole]] (''Neodon shergylaensis'')
*** [[Sikkim mountain vole]] (''Neodon sikimensis'')
** Genus ''[[Proedromys]]''
*** [[Duke of Bedford's vole]] (''Proedromys bedfordi'')
** Genus ''[[Stenocranius]]''
*** [[Narrow-headed vole]] (''Stenocranius gregalis'')
*** [[Radde's vole]] (''Stenocranius raddei'')
** Genus ''[[Volemys]]''
*** [[Szechuan vole]] (''Volemys millicens'')
*** [[Marie's vole]] (''Volemys musseri'')
* Tribe [[Dicrostonychini]] - collared lemmings
** Genus ''[[Dicrostonyx]]''
*** [[Northern collared lemming]], ''D. groenlandicus''
*** [[Nelson's collared lemming]],  ''D. nelsoni''
*** [[Ungava collared lemming]], ''D.  hudsonius''
*** [[Ogilvie Mountains collared lemming]], ''D. nunatakensis''
*** [[Richardson's collared lemming]], ''D. richardsoni''
*** [[Arctic lemming]], ''D. torquatus''
*** [[Unalaska collared lemming]], ''D. unalascensis''
* Tribe [[Ellobiusini]] - mole voles
** Genus ''[[Ellobius]]'' - mole voles
*** [[Alai mole vole]], ''E. alaicus''
*** [[Southern mole vole]], ''E. fuscocapillus''
*** [[Transcaucasian mole vole]], ''E. lutescens''
*** [[Northern mole vole]], ''E. talpinus''
*** [[Zaisan mole vole]], ''E. tancrei''
* Tribe [[Lagurini]]
** Genus ''[[Eolagurus]]''
*** [[Yellow steppe lemming]], ''E. luteus''
*** [[Przewalski's steppe lemming]], ''E.  przewalskii''
** Genus ''[[Lagurus (rodent)|Lagurus]]''
*** [[Steppe lemming]], ''L. lagurus''
* Tribe [[Lemmini]] 
** Genus ''[[Lemmus]]'' - true lemmings
*** [[Amur lemming]], ''L. amurensis''
*** [[Norway lemming]], ''L. lemmus''
*** [[Beringian lemming]], ''L. nigripes''
*** [[East Siberian lemming]], ''L. paulus''
*** [[West Siberian lemming]], ''L. sibiricus''
*** [[North American brown lemming|Canadian lemming]], ''L. trimucronatus''
** Genus ''[[Myopus]]''
*** [[Wood lemming]], ''M. schisticolor''
** Genus ''[[Synaptomys]]'' - bog lemmings
*** [[Northern bog lemming]], ''S. borealis''
*** [[Southern bog lemming]], ''S. cooperi''
* Tribe [[Clethrionomyini]]
** Genus ''[[Alticola]]'' - voles from [[Central Asia]]
*** Subgenus ''Alticola''
**** [[White-tailed mountain vole]], ''A. albicauda''
**** [[Silver mountain vole]], ''A. argentatus''
**** [[Gobi Altai mountain vole]], ''A. barakshin''
**** [[Central Kashmir vole]], ''A. montosa''
**** [[Royle's mountain vole]], ''A. roylei''
**** [[Mongolian silver vole]], ''A. semicanus''
**** [[Stolička's mountain vole]], ''A. stoliczkanus''
**** [[Tuva silver vole]], ''A. tuvinicus''
*** Subgenus ''Aschizomys''
**** [[Lemming vole]], ''A. lemminus''
**** [[Large-eared vole]], ''A. macrotis''
**** [[Lake Baikal mountain vole]], ''A. olchonensis''
*** Subgenus ''Platycranius''
**** [[Flat-headed vole]], ''A. strelzowi''
** Genus ''[[Caryomys]]''
*** [[Ganzu vole]], ''C. eva''
*** [[Kolan vole]], ''C. inez''
** Genus ''[[Eothenomys]]'' - voles from [[East Asia]]
*** [[Kachin red-backed vole]], ''E. cachinus''
*** [[Pratt's vole]], ''E. chinensis''
*** [[Southwest China vole]], ''E. custos''
*** [[Père David's vole]], ''E. melanogaster''
*** [[Yunnan red-backed vole]], ''E. miletus''
*** [[Chaotung vole]], ''E. olitor''
*** [[Yulungshan vole]], ''E. proditor''
*** [[Ward's red-backed vole]], ''E. wardi''
** Genus ''[[Craseomys]]'' - red-backed voles
*** [[Anderson's red-backed vole]], ''C. andersoni''
*** [[Imaizumi's red-backed vole]], ''C. imaizumii''
*** [[Korean red-backed vole]], ''C. regulus''
*** [[Hokkaido red-backed vole]], ''C. rex''
*** [[Grey red-backed vole]], ''C. rufocanus''
*** [[Shansei vole]], ''C. shanseius''
*** [[Smith's vole]], ''C. smithii''
** Genus ''[[Clethrionomys ]]'' - red-backed voles
*** [[Western red-backed vole]], ''C. californicus''
*** [[Tien Shan red-backed vole]], ''C. centralis''
*** [[Southern red-backed vole]], ''C. gapperi''
*** [[Bank vole]], ''C. glareolus''
*** [[Northern red-backed vole]], ''C. rutilus''
* Tribe [[Ondatrini]] - muskrats
** Genus ''[[Neofiber]]''
*** [[Round-tailed muskrat]], ''N. alleni''
**Genus ''[[Ondatra]]''
*** [[Muskrat]], ''O. zibethicus''
* Tribe [[Pliophenacomyini]]
**Genus ''[[Arborimus]]'' - tree voles
*** [[White-footed vole]], ''A. albipes''
*** [[Red tree vole]], ''A. longicaudus''
*** [[Sonoma tree vole]] or California red tree mouse, ''A. pomo''
** Genus ''[[Phenacomys]]'' - heather voles
*** [[Western heather vole]], ''P. intermedius''
*** [[Eastern heather vole]], ''P. ungava''
*Tribe [[Pliomyini]]
** Genus ''[[Dinaromys]]''
*** [[Balkan snow vole]], ''D. bogdanovi''
* Tribe [[Prometheomyini]]
** Genus ''[[Prometheomys]]''
*** [[Long-clawed mole vole]], ''P. schaposchnikowi''

=== Fossil species ===
* Tribe [[Arvicolini]]
** Genus ''[[Mimomys]]'' †
* Tribe [[Dicrostonychini]] - collared lemmings
** Genus ''[[Predicrostonyx]]'' †
* Tribe [[Clethrionomyini]]
** Genus ''[[Altaiomys]]'' †
** Genus ''[[Pitymimomys]]'' †
** Genus ''[[Borsodia]]'' †
** Genus ''[[Allophaiomys]]'' †
** Genus ''[[Prolagurus]]'' †
* Tribe [[Pliomyini]]
** Genus ''[[Pliomys]]'' † (extinct c. 12,000 years ago)

== See also ==

* [[Hantavirus]]
* [[Isla Vista virus]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Wikispecies|Arvicolinae}}
{{Cricetidae}}
{{Arvicolinae}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q840750}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Voles and lemmings| ]]
[[Category:Mammal subfamilies]]
[[Category:Taxa named by John Edward Gray]]