Editing Atari Lynx

{{Short description|Handheld game console}}
{{Use American English|date=March 2021}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2015}}
{{Infobox information appliance
| logo = Atari_Lynx_logo.svg
| image = Atari-Lynx-I-Handheld.jpg
| caption = Atari Lynx I
| developer = {{unbulletedlist|[[Epyx]]|[[Atari Corporation]]}}
| manufacturer = Atari Corporation
| type = [[Handheld game console]]
| generation = [[fourth generation of video game consoles|Fourth]]
| releasedate = {{Start date|1989|09|01}}
| lifespan = 1989–1995
| price = {{USD|179.99|1989|round=-1}}<ref name="ToysRUs">{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Toys R Us weekly ad |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=373&dat=19901205&id=ek1OAAAAIBAJ&pg=2470,1037511 |newspaper=The Catoosa County News |date=December 5, 1990 |access-date=June 17, 2014 }}</ref><!-- this is price at initial release, not the current price. -->
| unitssold = 2 million<ref>{{Cite book
|last=Bossom
|first=Andy |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/992448568 |title=Video Games: An Introduction to the Industry
|date=July 6, 2017 |page=28
|publisher=Bloomsbury |isbn=978-1-4742-5542-4 |oclc=992448568}}</ref>
| media = [[ROM cartridge]]
| cpu = "Mikey" ([[MOS Technology 6502#Variants|VLSI VL65NC02]] 8-bit CPU + Sound processor + LCD driver)
| graphics = "Suzy" (16-bit custom CMOS)
| memory = 64 KB RAM
| display = Backlit 3.5" color LCD; 160 × 102 standard resolution (16,320 addressable pixels)
| service = <!-- online service/s offered -->
| sound = 4 channels, 8-bit DAC or PSG sound
| discontinued = 1995
| top game = ''[[RoadBlasters]]''
}}

The '''Atari Lynx''' is a [[Fourth generation of video game consoles|fourth-generation]] [[handheld game console|hand-held game console]] released by [[Atari Corporation]] in September 1989 in North America and 1990 in Europe and Japan. It was the first [[handheld game console]] with a color [[liquid-crystal display]]. Powered by a 4&nbsp;MHz [[65C02]] [[8-bit computing|8-bit]] [[CPU]] and a custom 16-bit [[blitter]], the Lynx was more advanced than [[Nintendo]]'s monochrome [[Game Boy]], released two months earlier. It also competed with [[Sega]]'s [[Game Gear]] and [[NEC]]'s [[TurboExpress]], released the following year.

The system was developed at [[Epyx]] by two former designers of the [[Amiga]] personal computers. The project was called the '''Handy Game''' or simply '''Handy'''. In 1991, Atari replaced the Lynx with a smaller model internally referred to as the Lynx II. Atari published a total of [[List of Atari Lynx games|73 games]] for the Lynx before it was discontinued in 1995.

==History==
The Lynx system was originally developed by [[Epyx]] as the Handy Game. In 1986, two former [[Amiga]] designers, [[RJ Mical]] and [[Dave Needle]], had been asked by a former manager at Amiga, [[Dave Morse (executive)|Dave Morse]], to design a portable gaming system.<ref name="EGM1989"/><ref name="Wired">{{cite magazine |last=Jacobs |first=Steven |title=Third Time's a Charm (They Hope) |url=http://archive.wired.com/wired/archive/2.01/3do_pr.html | url-access=registration | magazine=Wired |location=United States |publisher=Conde Nast |access-date=June 17, 2014 }}</ref> Morse now worked at Epyx, a game software company with a recent string of hit games. Morse's son had asked him if he could make a portable gaming system, prompting a meeting with Mical and Needle to discuss the idea. Morse convinced Mical and Needle and they were hired by Epyx to be a part of the design team.<ref name="EGM1989"/> Planning and design of the console began in 1986 and was completed in 1987.<ref name="retrogamer#4">{{cite magazine|first=Peter | last=Latimer|date=July 2005|title=Atari Lynx|url=https://archive.org/stream/retro_gamer/RetroGamer_018#page/n21/mode/2up|magazine=[[Retro Gamer]]|issue=4|pages=24–31|issn=1742-3155}}</ref> Epyx first showed the Handy system at the Winter [[Consumer Electronics Show]] (CES) in January 1989.<ref name="EGM1989">{{cite magazine|last=Jermaine|first=John|date=November 1989|title=Lynx, an interview with the men behind the machine|url=http://ataritimes.com/index.php?ArticleIDX=370|url-status=dead|magazine=[[Electronic Gaming Monthly]]|location=United States|publisher=Sendai Publications|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140916114505/http://ataritimes.com/index.php?ArticleIDX=370|archive-date=September 16, 2014|access-date=June 17, 2014}}</ref> Facing financial difficulties, Epyx sought partners. [[Nintendo]], [[Sega]], and other companies declined, but Atari and Epyx eventually agreed that Atari would handle production and marketing, and Epyx would handle software development. Epyx declared bankruptcy by the end of the year, so Atari essentially owned the entire project. Both Atari and others had to purchase Amigas from Atari arch-rival [[Commodore International|Commodore]] in order to develop Lynx software.<ref name="maher20161222">{{Cite web |url=http://www.filfre.net/2016/12/a-time-of-endings-part-2-epyx/ |title=A Time of Endings, Part 2: Epyx |last=Maher |first=Jimmy |website=The Digital Antiquarian |date=2016-12-22}}</ref>

The Handy was designed to run games from the cartridge format, and the game data must be copied from ROM to RAM before it can be used. Thus, less RAM is then available and each game's initial loading is slow.<ref name="retrogamer">{{cite magazine|first=Peter | last=Latimer|date=July 2005|title=Atari Lynx|url=https://archive.org/stream/retro_gamer/RetroGamer_018#page/n21/mode/2up|magazine=Retro Gamer|volume=2|issue=6|pages=24–31|issn=1742-3155}}</ref> There are trace remnants of a [[cassette tape]] interface physically capable of being programmed to read a tape. Lynx developers have noted that "there is still reference of the tape and some hardware addresses"<ref name="Lynx programming tutorial">{{cite web | work=Diary of an Atari Lynx developer | title=Atari Lynx programming tutorial series | url=http://atarilynxdeveloper.wordpress.com/ | access-date=June 18, 2014}}</ref> and an updated vintage Epyx manual describes the bare existence of what could be utilized for tape support.<ref name="Lynx Hardware Overview">{{cite web | title=Lynx Hardware Overview | publisher=Epyx | url=http://www.monlynx.de/lynx/lynxdoc.html | year=1987 | access-date=June 18, 2014}}</ref>{{rp|ch.2,8}} A 2009 retrospective interview with Mical clarifies that there is no truth to some early reports claiming that games were loaded from tape, and elaborates, "We did think about hard disk a little."<ref name="Retroinspection: Atari Lynx">{{cite web|date=January 22, 2009|title=Retroinspection: Atari Lynx|url=http://www.nowgamer.com/features/894712/retroinspection_atari_lynx.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130205052828/http://www.nowgamer.com/features/894712/retroinspection_atari_lynx.html|archive-date=February 5, 2013|access-date=June 18, 2014|publisher=NOW Gamer}}</ref>

The networking system was originally developed to run over [[infrared]] links and [[codename]]d RedEye.<ref name="retrogramer164">{{cite magazine |title=Todd's Adventures in Slime World | magazine=Retro Gamer Magazine |issue=164 |pages=74 }}</ref> This was changed to a cable-based networking system before the final release as the infrared beam was too easily interrupted when players walked through the beam, according to Peter Engelbrite. Engelbrite developed the first recordable eight-player [[co-op game]], and the only eight-player game for the  Lynx, ''[[Todd's Adventures in Slime World]]''.<ref name="retrogramer164" />

Atari changed the internal speaker and removed the thumb stick on the control pad. At Summer 1989 CES, Atari's press demonstration included the "Portable Color Entertainment System", which was changed to "Lynx" when distributed to resellers, initially retailing in the US at {{US$|179.95|1989|about=yes|round=-1}}.<ref name="retrogamer"/>

Its launch was successful. Atari reported that it had sold 90% of the 50,000 units shipped in the launch month in the U.S. with a limited launch in New York.<ref name="NevadaDaily">{{cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|date=June 3, 1990|title=New games make big splash|agency=[[Associated Press]]|newspaper=[[The Nevada Daily Mail]]|location=Vernon County, Missouri|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1908&dat=19900603&id=yugfAAAAIBAJ&pg=2239,4378537|access-date=June 17, 2014}}</ref> US sales in 1990 were approximately 500,000 units according to the [[Associated Press]].<ref name="1990 sales">{{cite press release|url=https://apnews.com/a1288531efff2f9504f70dbcd9f8b6cc |title=Sega Woos Game Boy, Lynx Users With 32-Color, Hand-Held Video System |access-date=November 7, 2013 |publisher=Associated Press| date =January 4, 1991|author=Catalina Ortiz}}</ref> In late 1991, it was reported that Atari sales estimates were about 800,000, which Atari claimed was within its expected projections.<ref name="Raze Magazine, issue 11">{{cite magazine | url=https://archive.org/details/raze-magazine-11 | magazine=Raze Magazine | title=Raze Magazine | issue=11 | date=September 1991 | page=6 }}</ref>{{failed verification|reason=No mention of Lynx sales estimates found at that areference|date=October 2022}} Lifetime sales by 1995 amount to fewer than 7&nbsp;million units when combined with the Game Gear.<ref name=seattle/> In comparison, 16 million Game Boy units were sold by 1995<ref name="seattle">{{cite news|author=Steven Kent|date=January 5, 1995|title=Virtual Fun - Nintendo Adds A New Dimension To Games|newspaper=[[Seattle Times]]|url=https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/19950105/2097913/virtual-fun|access-date=November 7, 2013}}</ref> because of its superior durability, pricing, battery life, and game library, notably the pack-in hit ''[[Tetris (Game Boy video game)|Tetris]]''.{{r|maher20161222}}

As with the console units, the game cartridge design evolved over the first year of the console's release. The first generation of cartridges are flat, and designed to be stackable for ease of storage. However, this design proved to be very difficult to remove from the console and was replaced by a second design. This style, called "tabbed" or "ridged", adds two small tabs on the underside to aid in removal. The original flat style cartridges can be stacked on top of the newer cartridges, but the newer cartridges can not be easily stacked on each other, nor were they stored easily. Thus a third style, the "curved lip" style was produced, and all official and third-party cartridges during the console's lifespan were released (or re-released) using this style.<ref>[http://www.atariage.com/system_labels.php?SystemID=LYNX Atari Lynx] cartridge style illustrations at AtariAge.com.</ref>

In May 1991, Sega launched its Game Gear portable gaming handheld with a color screen.<ref name="AtariAge"/> In comparison to the Lynx it had shorter battery life (3–4 hours as opposed to 4-5 for the Lynx), but it is slightly smaller, has significantly more games, and cost $30 less than the Lynx at launch.

Retailers such as [[Game (retailer)|Game]] and [[Toys "R" Us]] continued to sell the Lynx well into the mid-1990s on the back of the [[Atari Jaguar]] launch, helped by magazines such as ''Ultimate Future Games'' which continued to cover the Lynx alongside the new generation of [[32-bit computing|32-bit]] and [[64-bit computing|64-bit]] consoles.

===Lynx II===
[[File:Atari-Lynx-II-Handheld-Angled.jpg|right|thumb|The Lynx II, smaller and lighter than the original]]

In July 1991, Atari introduced a new version of the Lynx, internally called the "Lynx II", with a new marketing campaign, new packaging, slightly improved hardware, better battery life, and a sleeker look. It has rubber hand grips and a clearer [[backlight|backlit]] color screen with a power save option (which turns off the backlighting). The monaural headphone jack of the original Lynx was replaced with one wired for stereo. The Lynx II was available without any accessories, dropping the price to {{US$|99|1990|long=no|round=-1}}.

===Decline===

In 1993, Atari started shifting its focus away from the Lynx in order to prepare for the launch of the Jaguar;<ref name="AtariAge"/> a few games were released during that time, including ''Battlezone 2000''. Support for the Lynx was formally discontinued in 1995.

After the respective launches of the [[Sega Saturn]] and [[PlayStation (console)|Sony PlayStation]] caused the [[List of commercial failures in video games#Atari Jaguar|commercial failure of the Jaguar]], Atari ceased all game development and hardware manufacturing by early 1996<ref>{{cite magazine |title=The Life and Death of Atari |magazine=[[GamePro]] |issue=92 |publisher=[[International Data Group|IDG]]|date=May 1996|page=20}}</ref> and would later merge with [[JT Storage|JTS, Inc.]] on July 30 of that year.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://contracts.onecle.com/atari/jt.mer.1996.04.08.shtml |title=Atari and JT Storage Reorganisation Plan |publisher=One Cle |access-date=November 25, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061209123854/http://contracts.onecle.com/atari/jt.mer.1996.04.08.shtml |archive-date=December 9, 2006 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title=Video Game Timeline |magazine=[[Electronic Gaming Monthly]] |issue=102 |publisher=[[Ziff Davis]]|date=January 1998 |page=137}}</ref>

==Features==
The Atari Lynx has a backlit color LCD display, switchable right- and left-handed (upside down) configuration, and the ability to network with other units via Comlynx cable. The maximum stable connection allowed is eight players.<ref name="retrogramer164" /> Each Lynx needs a copy of the game, and one cable can connect two machines. The cables can be connected into a chain.<ref name="retrogramer164" />

{{quote box
| quote=The leading-edge display was the most expensive component, so the color choice was one of economy. If the low-cost glass and drivers would have supported a million colors, I would have done it.
| source=[[Dave Needle]], Lynx co-designer<ref name="Retroinspection: Atari Lynx"/>
| salign=right
| align=right
| width=25%
}}
The Lynx was cited as the "first gaming console with [[Graphics processing unit|hardware]] support for zooming and distortion of [[sprite (computer graphics)|sprites]]". With a [[Color depth#12-bit color|4096 color]] palette and integrated maths and graphics co-processors (including a sprite engine unit), its color graphics display was said to be the key defining feature in the system's competition against Nintendo's monochromatic Game Boy. The fast pseudo-3D graphics features were made possible on a minimal hardware system by co-designer [[Dave Needle]] having "invented the technique for planar expansion/shrinking capability" and using stretched triangles instead of full [[polygons]].<ref name="Retroinspection: Atari Lynx"/>

==Technical specifications==
[[File:Atari-Lynx-II-Motherboard.jpg|thumb|right|The motherboard of an Atari Lynx II. The larger chip is the "Mikey" and the smaller is called "Suzy".]]
[[File:Atari-Lynx-II-Backlight.jpg|thumb|right|The backlight from an Atari Lynx II. The [[CCFL]] tube has high power consumption.]]
* Mikey (8-bit [[VLSI Technology|VLSI]] custom CMOS chip running at 16&nbsp;MHz)<ref>{{cite web|title=Atari Lynx FAQ|url=https://atariage.com/Lynx/faq/index.html|website=AtariAge|publisher=atariage.com|access-date=October 24, 2014}}</ref>
** On Lynx I a VLSI 8-bit VL65NC02 processor (based on the [[MOS Technology 6502|MOS 6502]]) running at up to 4&nbsp;MHz (3.6&nbsp;MHz average).<ref name="EGM1989"/> In the stereo version of Lynx II a 65C02 with all instructions.
** Sound engine
*** 4 channel sound
*** 8-bit [[digital-to-analog converter|DAC]] for each channel (4 channels × 8-bits/channel = 32 bits commonly quoted) these four sound channels can also switch in analogue sound mode to generate PSG sound.
** Video [[direct memory access|DMA]] driver for liquid-crystal display
*** Custom built and designed by [[Jay Miner]] and [[Dave Morse (executive)|Dave Morse]]<ref>{{cite web|date=August 1989|title=Nintendo's island state of a stand at the Consumer Electronics Show in Chicago couldn't stop Atari stealing the limelight with their amazing hand-held video game machine.|url=https://archive.org/stream/ace-magazine-23/ACE_Issue_23_1989_Aug#page/n25|access-date=11 August 2018|publisher=[[ACE Magazine]]|page=26|via=archive.org|issue=23}}</ref>
*** 160×102 pixels resolution
*** 4,096 color ([[Color_depth#12-bit_color|12-bit]]) palette
*** 16 simultaneous colors ([[Color_depth#4-bit_color|4 bits]]) from palette per scanline
*** Variable frame rate (up to 75 frames/second)
** Eight system timers (two reserved for LCD timing, one for [[UART]])
** Interrupt controller
** UART (for Comlynx) (fixed format 8E1, up to 62500&nbsp;Bd / TurboMode 1,000,000Bd)
** 512 bytes of bootstrap and game-card loading ROM
* Suzy (16-bit VLSI custom CMOS chip running at {{nowrap|16 MHz}})
** Unlimited number of [[blitter]] "sprites" with [[collision detection]]
** Hardware sprite scaling, distortion, and tilting effects
** Hardware decoding of compressed sprite data
** Hardware clipping and multi-directional scrolling
** Math engine
*** Hardware 16-bit × 16-bit → 32-bit multiply with optional accumulation; 32-bit ÷ 16-bit → 16-bit divide
*** [[Parallel computing|Parallel processing]] of CPU
* [[RAM]]: 64 [[kilobyte|KB]] 120ns [[DRAM]]
* Cartridges: 128, 256, 512 KB and (with [[bank-switching]]) 1 MB
* Ports:
** [[Headphone]] port ({{nowrap|3.5 mm}} stereo; wired for mono on the original Lynx)
** ComLynx (multiple unit communications, serial)
* [[LCD]] Screen: 3.5" diagonal
* [[Battery (electricity)|Battery]] holder (six AA) 4–5 hours (Lynx I) 5–6 hours (Lynx II)

==Legacy==
[[Telegames]] released several games in the late 1990s, including a port of ''[[Raiden (arcade game)|Raiden]]'' and a platformer called ''Fat Bobby'' in 1997,<ref>{{cite magazine|date=June 1997|title=News Bits|url=https://archive.org/details/GamePro_Issue_105_Volume_09_Number_06_1997-06_IDG_Publishing_US/page/n21/mode/2up|magazine=[[GamePro]]|publisher=[[International Data Group|IDG]]|issue=105|page=20}}</ref> and an action sports game called ''Hyperdrome'' in 1999.

On March 13, 1998, nearly three years after the Lynx's discontinuation, JTS Corporation sold all of the Atari assets to [[Hasbro Interactive]] for $5 million.<ref>{{cite web|last=Johnston|first=Chris|date=April 28, 2000|title=Atari goes to Hasbro|url=https://www.gamespot.com/articles/atari-goes-to-hasbro/1100-2462915/|website=GameSpot}}</ref> On May 14, 1999, [[Hasbro]], which held on to those properties until selling Hasbro Interactive to [[Atari SA|Infogrames]] in 2001,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pc.ign.com/news/28701.html |title=Infogrames to Acquire Hasbro Interactive |date=December 6, 2000 |website=[[IGN]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20011119190727/http://pc.ign.com/news/28701.html |archive-date=November 19, 2001 |url-status=dead |access-date=September 30, 2019}}</ref> released into the [[public domain]] all rights to the Jaguar,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.atariage.com/Jaguar/archives/HasbroRights.html |title=Hasbro Releases Jaguar Publishing Rights |publisher=Hasbro Interactive |access-date=May 14, 2008 |quote=Beverly, MA (May 14, 1999) – Leading entertainment software publisher, Hasbro Interactive announced today it has released all rights that it may have to the vintage Atari hardware platform, the Jaguar.}}</ref> [[open platform|opening up the platform]] for anyone to publish software on without Hasbro's interference. Internet theories say that the Lynx's rights may have been released to the public at the same time as the Jaguar,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.retroisle.com/atari/lynx/general.php|title=Retro Isle - Atari Lynx|website=www.retroisle.com|access-date=2018-09-09}}</ref> but this is clearly disputed. Nevertheless, since discontinuation, the Lynx, like the Jaguar, has continued to receive support from a grassroots community<ref name="AtariAge">{{Cite web|url=https://atariage.com/Lynx/index.php|title=Atari Lynx History|website=Atari Age|access-date=2020-10-11}}</ref> which would go on to produce many successful [[Homebrew (video games)|homebrew games]] such as ''T-Tris'' (the first Lynx game with a save-game feature),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://atariage.com/software_page.php?SoftwareID=2404|title=LYNX: T-Tris}}</ref> ''Alpine Games'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.duranik.com/|title=Duranik|author=Duranik|access-date=February 13, 2015|archive-date=February 13, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150213085905/http://www.duranik.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref> and ''[[Zaku (video game)|Zaku]]''.<ref>{{cite web| first=Brandon | last=Cobb|title=Zaku - www.zaku-lynx.com|url=http://www.zaku-lynx.com/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170515010348/http://www.zaku-lynx.com/|archive-date=May 15, 2017|access-date=February 13, 2015}}</ref>

In 2008, Atari was honored at the [[Technology & Engineering Emmy Award|59th Annual Technology & Engineering Emmy Awards]] for pioneering the development of [[handheld games]] with the Lynx.<ref name="CES 08 Nintendo Emmy">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamespot.com/news/6184421.html |title=CES '08: Nintendo wins second Emmy |website=GameSpot |date=January 8, 2008 |access-date=May 9, 2014}}</ref>

In 2022, the compilation ''[[Atari 50]]'' released with a handful of popular Lynx titles, marking the first time that classic Lynx software would be officially rereleased by Atari.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Atari 50: the Anniversary Celebration |url=https://atari.com/products/atari-50th-the-anniversary-celebration |access-date=2024-01-23 |website=Atari |language=en}}</ref> A collection of Lynx games have also been released as standalone titles outside of the ''Atari 50'' compilation as well on other platforms such as [[Steam (service)|Steam]] and the [[Evercade]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Lynx Collection on Steam |url=https://store.steampowered.com/bundle/29505/The_Lynx_Collection/ |access-date=2025-05-25 |website=store.steampowered.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Atari Lynx Games: Collection 2 |url=https://evercade.co.uk/cartridges/atari-lynx-collection-2-cartridge/ |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240705194456/https://evercade.co.uk/cartridges/atari-lynx-collection-2-cartridge/ |archive-date=2024-07-05 |access-date=2025-05-25 |work=Evercade |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Atari Lynx Games: Collection 1 |url=https://evercade.co.uk/cartridges/atari-lynx-collection-1-cartridge/ |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240705194324/https://evercade.co.uk/cartridges/atari-lynx-collection-1-cartridge/ |archive-date=2024-07-05 |access-date=2025-05-25 |work=Evercade |language=en-GB}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[List of Atari Lynx games]]
* [[Atari#History|History of Atari]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* [https://www.atariage.com/software_search.php?SystemID=LYNX AtariAge – Comprehensive Lynx Database and information]
* [http://www.retrovideogamer.co.uk/index.php?page=atarilynx Guide to Atari Lynx games at Retro Video Gamer]
* [http://www.usgamer.net/articles/too-good-for-its-day-ataris-lynx-remains-a-fan-favorite-25-years-later Too Powerful for Its Own Good, Atari's Lynx Remains a Favorite 25 Years Later]
* [http://st-news.com/issues/st-news-volume-5-issue-1/reviews/the-atari-lynx/ Atari Lynx review, 1990]
* [https://www.monlynx.de/lynx/lynxdoc.html Atari Lynx Hardware Documentation]
* [https://atarilynxdev.net/doku.php/start Atari Lynx Development Wiki]

{{Portal bar|1990s|Video games}}
{{Atari hardware}}
{{Fourth generation game consoles}}
{{Handheld game consoles}}

[[Category:Computer-related introductions in 1989]]
[[Category:Discontinued handheld game consoles]]
[[Category:Handheld game consoles]]
[[Category:Fourth-generation video game consoles]]
[[Category:Atari consoles|Lynx]]
[[Category:1980s toys]]
[[Category:1990s toys]]
[[Category:65xx-based video game consoles]]
[[Category:Public domain in the United States]]
[[Category:Regionless game consoles]]