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{{Short description|5th–4th century BC group of Greek speakers}} [[Image:Démosthène s'exerçant à la parole (1870) by Jean-Jules-Antoine Lecomte du Nouÿ.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''Lives of the Ten Orators'', from an unknown writer whose [[wiktionary:allonym|allonym]] is [[Pseudo-Plutarch]], delivers a [[pseudepigraphy]] for the ten Attic orators; here Demosthenes practises his craft.]] {{Rhetoric}} The ten '''Attic orators''' were considered the greatest Greek [[orator]]s and [[logographer (legal)|logographer]]s of the [[classical antiquity|classical era]] (5th–4th century BC). They are included in the "Canon of Ten", which probably originated in [[Alexandria]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Smith|first=R.M.|title=A New Look at the Canon of the Ten Attic Orators|journal=Mnemosyne|volume=48|issue=1|year=1995|page=74}}</ref> A.E. Douglas has argued, however, that it was not until the second century AD that the canon took on the form that is recognised today.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Douglas|first=A.E.|title=Cicero, Quintillian, and the Canon of Ten Attic Orators|journal=Mnemosyne|volume=9|issue=1|year=1956|page=40}}</ref> ==Alexandrian "Canon of Ten"== * [[Aeschines]] * [[Andocides]] * [[Antiphon (person)|Antiphon]] * [[Demosthenes]] * [[Dinarchus]] * [[Hypereides]] * [[Isaeus]] * [[Isocrates]] * [[Lycurgus of Athens|Lycurgus]] * [[Lysias]] As far as [[Homer]] (8th or 9th century BC), the art of effective speaking was of considerable value in Greece. In Homer's epic, the ''[[Iliad]],'' the warrior, Achilles, was described as "a speaker of words and a doer of deeds".<ref>Iliad 9.443</ref> Until the 5th century BC, however, oratory was not formally taught. It was not until the middle of that century that the Sicilian orator, [[Corax of Syracuse|Corax]], along with his pupil, [[Tisias]], began a formal study of [[rhetoric]]. In 427 BC, another Sicilian named [[Gorgias]] of Leontini visited Athens and gave a speech which dazzled the citizens. Gorgias’s "intellectual" approach to oratory, which included new ideas, forms of expression, and methods of argument, was continued by [[Isocrates]], a 4th-century BC educator and rhetorician. Oratory eventually became a central subject of study in the formalized Greek education system. The work of the Attic orators inspired the later rhetorical movement of [[Atticism]], an approach to speech composition in a simple rather than ornate style. ==Notes== {{Reflist}} ==References== *Carawan, Edwin (ed.): ''Oxford readings in the Attic orators''. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2007. {{ISBN|9780199279920}} *Smith, R.M. "A New Look at the Canon of the Ten Attic Orators", ''Mnemosyne'' 48.1 (1995): 66-79. ==External links== *[http://attalus.org/translate/orators1.html ''Lives of the Ten Orators''], translated by H.N. Fowler {{Attic orators}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Attic Orators}} [[Category:Attic orators| ]]
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