Editing Binary (novel)

{{Short description|1972 novel by Michael Crichton}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2025}}
{{Infobox book | 
| name          = Binary
| title_orig    = 
| translator    = 
| image         = Binarylange.jpg
| caption = First edition cover
| author        = [[Michael Crichton|John Lange]]
| illustrator   = 
| cover_artist  = 
| country       = United States
| language      = English
| series        = 
| genre         = 
| publisher     = [[Alfred A. Knopf]]
| release_date  = 1972
| media_type    = Print ([[Hardcover]])
| pages         = 225 
| isbn          = 0-394-47987-4 
| dewey= 813/.5/4
| congress= PS3553.R48 B56 1972
| oclc= 262457
| preceded_by   = [[Dealing: Or the Berkeley-to-Boston Forty-Brick Lost-Bag Blues|Dealing]]
| followed_by   = 
}}

'''''Binary''''' is a [[techno-thriller]] [[novel]] written by [[Michael Crichton]], his eleventh published novel, in 1972, the eighth and final time the pseudonym [[Michael Crichton#Pseudonyms|John Lange]] was featured. Crichton also directed ''[[Pursuit (1972 American film)|Pursuit]]'', a television film version.{{Citation needed|date=June 2024}}<ref>{{Rotten Tomatoes|qid=Q1724720|title=Pursuit (1972)}}</ref> The story of both the book and the film revolve around a deadly [[nerve agent]] composed by [[Binary chemical weapon|combining two different chemicals]]. [[Hard Case Crime]] republished the novel under Crichton's name in 2013.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/industry-news/publisher-news/article/59350-hard-case-crime-to-publish-early-crichton-thrillers.html|title = Hard Case Crime to Publish Early Crichton Thrillers}}</ref>

== Plot summary ==
[[United States Department of State|State Department]] agent John Graves is investigating [[Far-left politics|far-left]] businessman John Wright who has been acting suspiciously – he has masterminded the theft of canisters of [[VX (nerve agent)|VZ]] nerve gas, a [[Binary chemical weapon|binary agent]], and has enough of them to kill nearly a million people, but the Agency is unsure of his motives.

During his investigation, Graves establishes that Wright has acquired other purchases; [[plastic explosive]]s, containers made of a flammable material, seemingly of plumbing and pressure related nature – and also rented a small 19th floor apartment in [[San Diego]] where the [[President of the United States]] is due to meet for the imminent [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]] convention. Graves deduces that Wright intends to assassinate the President.

Graves' task is made harder by inter-departmental interference, a lack of support from his manager Phelps, and that Wright has stolen a copy of Graves' State Department [[Psychological testing|psychological profile]], and seems to be depending on Graves behaving according to his profile.

Wright predicts Graves' actions, and allows himself to be captured in order to distract him from continuing his investigation – only to escape later, again predicting Graves' behaviour during the interrogation.  However, prior to the interrogation, Graves decided against roadblocks surrounding the apartment, but realised that this was playing true to his profile, and changed his mind – Wright is subsequently killed trying to break through the unexpected blockade.

Observing the apartment through binoculars the two canisters of the VZ nerve agent are seen, with plumbing attachments in order to mix and disperse the two components. Also observed is a remote timing detonator, and booby traps. Seeing that the remote detonator is attached to mains electricity, the police cut off the supply, only for a battery backup to take over, and a small gas release results in the death of two officers stationed outside the apartment. The apartment is engulfed in VZ gas and inaccessible.

Although there is no cure for VZ, Nordmann – a forensic scientist attached to the case – reasons that there are other chemicals that can stave off the effects of VZ, possibly long enough for Graves to enter the apartment, nullify the detonator and leave again. Graves takes the chemicals and enters the apartment. Once inside, he finds that the booby traps are a sham, and the only danger is from the VZ gas itself which he vents through a window – being on the 19th floor the gas dissipates harmlessly into the unoccupied street below. After he disconnects the pipes from the tanks, the timer activates and [[Solenoid#Electromechanical solenoid|click open]] – but, being disconnected, no gas is created, and Graves leaves the apartment thinking that victory has been too easily achieved. To support this theory he discusses his psychological profile with Nordmann & Phelps, stressing that his key psyche flaw is that he considers tasks complete when in reality they are often only partially finished.

Phelps is dismissive, but Nordmann supports Graves' theory, and he is partially vindicated when a booby trap disables the lifts, trapping everybody on the 19th floor – but the trap was timed to go off ''after'' the venting was complete. Graves takes this to mean that Wright knew he might disarm the tanks and had a backup plan. He recalls the flammable nature of the tanks, and the missing plastic explosive, reasoning that Wright had intended the tanks to explode after being emptied – thus destroying any lingering evidence.  Panicking, he realises that this is Wright's backup plan; if the still-full tanks explode in the same room, enough of the two agents would still combine to kill thousands. One tank is manhandled out of the open venting window and explodes as it falls to the street.  The other tank explodes in the hallway of the apartment block. The two chemicals are harmless by themselves, and nobody is injured by either the liquid chemicals or the explosions.

In an aftermath, Graves observes that in order to prevent public panic the incident is hushed up, being only referred to as a chemical theft "halted by intervention of the Defense Department, with some minor assistance by State Department personnel, particularly Mr. R. Phelps" and that although official departmental changes are recommended to prevent any further thefts, nothing is actually mandated and no policy changes are made.

==Reception==
''[[The Guardian]]'' said it had a "dotty, old-hat plot made unexpectedly credible with new gadgetry and well-engineered surprises".<ref>{{cite news|title=DOCK BRIEFS Blame the Dead Gavinknowhow: Blame the Dead Gavinknowhow|author= Matthew Coady|work=The Guardian|location=London (UK)|date=Oct 26, 1972|page=15}}</ref> ''[[The New York Times]]'' wrote "the author maintains tension ably".<ref>{{cite news|title=Criminals At Large|author=NEWGATE CALLENDAR|work=New York Times|date=Aug 20, 1972|page=BR26}}</ref>

==Film adaptation==
{{Main|Pursuit (1972 American film)}}

''Pursuit'' was a 1972 made-for-TV movie that screened on the ABC network based on the novel. It was a TV [[Movie of the Week]] and marked Crichton's directorial debut.

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Michael Crichton}}

[[Category:1972 American novels]]
[[Category:Novels by Michael Crichton]]
[[Category:Techno-thriller novels]]
[[Category:Alfred A. Knopf books]]
[[Category:American novels adapted into films]]
[[Category:American novels adapted into television shows]]
[[Category:Works published under a pseudonym]]