Editing CD ripper

{{Short description|Software that convert tracks on a Compact Disc to standard computer sound files}}
{{Refimprove|date=July 2009}}
{{Use American English|date=February 2020}}
[[File:Freac 1.0.17.png|thumb|[[fre:ac]], a CD extractor and audio converter]]

A '''CD ripper''' is [[software]] that [[ripping|extracts]] raw [[digital audio]] in [[Compact Disc Digital Audio]] format tracks on a [[compact disc]] to standard computer sound files, such as [[WAV]] or [[MP3]].

A more formal term used for the process of ripping audio CDs is '''digital audio extraction''' ('''DAE''').

==History==
In the early days of computer CD-ROM drives and audio compression mechanisms (such as [[MPEG-1 Audio Layer II|MP2]]), CD [[ripping]] was considered undesirable by copyright holders, with some attempting to retrofit copy protection into the [[ISO 9660]] standard. As time progressed, most music publishers became more open to the idea that since individuals had bought the music, they should be able to create a copy for their own personal use on their own computer.<!--[[User:Kvng/RTH]]-->

==Etymology==
The [[Jargon File]] entry for ''rip'' notes that the term originated in [[Amiga]] slang, where it referred to the extraction of multimedia content from program data.<ref>{{cite web | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090224130914/http://www.catb.org/~esr/jargon/html/R/rip.html | url=http://www.catb.org/~esr/jargon/html/R/rip.html | archivedate=2009-02-24 | date=2003-07-01 | work=The Jargon File (version 4.4.3) | publisher=catb.org | title=''rip''}}</ref> 

==Design==
As an intermediate step, some ripping programs save the extracted audio in a [[lossless]] format such as [[WAV]], [[FLAC]], or even raw [[Pulse-code modulation|PCM]] audio. The extracted audio can then be encoded with a [[lossy]] [[codec]] like [[MP3]], [[Opus (audio format)|Opus]], [[Vorbis]], [[Windows Media Audio|WMA]] or [[Advanced Audio Coding|AAC]].  The encoded files are more compact and are suitable for playback on [[digital audio player]]s. They may also be played back in a [[media player (application software)|media player]] program on a computer.

Most ripping programs will assist in tagging the encoded files with [[metadata]]. The MP3 file format, for example, allows [[ID3 tag|tags]] with title, artist, album and track number information.  Some will try to identify the disc being ripped by looking up network services like [[All Media Guide|AMG's]] [[AMG LASSO|LASSO]], [[FreeDB]], [[Gracenote]]'s [[CDDB]], GD3 [http://www.getdigitaldata.com] or [[MusicBrainz]], or attempt text extraction if [[CD-Text]] has been stored.

Some all-in-one ripping programs can simplify the entire process by ripping and [[CD recorder|burning]] the audio to disc in one step, possibly re-encoding the audio on-the-fly in the process.

Not all CD rippers read or copy [[Compact Disc subcode|Compact Disc subcodes]], a fact exploited by several types of [[digital rights management]] (DRM) to prevent successful copying of discs or to prevent effective use of software copied from discs. [[CloneCD]] is able to copy subcode data to bypass certain types of DRM.

==Difficulties in obtaining accurate reproductions==
Ripping a CD to audio files that will faithfully reproduce the same CD if burnt again is not trivial. Such a rip (along with a [[Cue sheet (computing)|cue sheet file]] and other metadata describing the layout of the files on the disc) is sometimes referred to as an "accurate", "perfect" or "secure" rip.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-05-28 |title=DAD/Rip – Thomas |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160528213242/https://thomas.apestaart.org/thomas/trac/wiki/DAD/Rip |access-date=2025-03-31 |website=web.archive.org}}</ref> Some CD ripping software is specifically intended to provide accurate rips, including [[CloneCD]], [[Exact Audio Copy]], [[cdda2wav]], [[CDex]], [[cdparanoia]] and [https://github.com/whipper-team/whipper whipper]. There is also a reference database with [[Hash function|hash values]] of known good rips that can be used to confirm a successful rip and in some cases calibrate parameters for a CD drive.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AccurateRip |url=https://accuraterip.com/ |access-date=2025-03-31 |website=accuraterip.com}}</ref>

In the context of [[ripping|digital audio extraction]] from [[compact disc]]s, '''seek jitter''' causes extracted [[Sampling (signal processing)|audio samples]] to be doubled-up or skipped entirely if the Compact Disc drive re-seeks. The problem occurs because the [[Red Book (audio CD standard)|Red Book]] standard does not require block-accurate addressing during seeking.{{efn|Due to additional sector level addressing added in the [[Yellow Book (CD standard)|Yellow Book]], [[CD-ROM]] data discs are not subject to seek jitter.}} As a result, the extraction process may restart a few samples early or late, resulting in doubled or omitted samples. These glitches often sound like tiny repeating clicks during playback. A successful approach to correction in software involves performing overlapping reads and fitting the data to find overlaps at the edges. Most extraction programs perform seek jitter correction. CD manufacturers avoid seek jitter by extracting the entire disc in one continuous read operation, using special CD drive models at slower speeds so the drive does not re-seek.

Properties of an optical drive helping in achieving a perfect rip are a small sample offset (at best zero), no [[jitter]], no or deactivatable [[cache (computing)|caching]], and a correct implementation and feed-back of the C1 and [[C2 error|C2]] error states. There are databases listing these features for multiple brands and versions of optical drives. Also, [[Exact Audio Copy|EAC]] has the ability to autodetect some of these features by a test-rip of a known reference CD.<ref name="daefeatures">[http://www.daefeatures.co.uk/faq.php DAE Drive Features Database - FAQ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060116031732/http://www.daefeatures.co.uk/faq.php|date=2006-01-16}} (2007)</ref>

==Examples==
Notable CD ripper applications include the following ones:

;[[BSD]] and [[Linux]]:
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*[[Asunder (software)|Asunder]]
*[[Cdda2wav]]
*[[cdparanoia]]
*[[fre:ac]]
*[[Grip (software)|Grip]]
*[[K3b]]
*[[Ripit]]
*[[Sound Juicer]]
*[[VLC media player]]
*[[ABCDE]]
{{div col end}} 

;[[Mac OS X]]:
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*[[cdparanoia]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.xiph.org/paranoia/ |title=''cdparanoia''}}</ref>
*[[fre:ac]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.freac.org |title=''fre:ac''}}</ref>
*[[iTunes]]
*[[VLC media player]]
{{div col end}} 

;[[Microsoft Windows|Windows]]:
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*[[Audiograbber]]
*[[CDex]]
*[[CloneCD]]
*[[Exact Audio Copy]]
*[[foobar2000]]
*[[fre:ac]]
*[[iTunes]]
*[[JRiver Media Center]] 
*[[MediaMonkey]]
*[[Musicmatch Jukebox]]
*[[VLC media player]]
*[[Winamp]]
*[[Windows Media Player]]
{{div col end}}

==See also==
*[[Hard disk recorder]]
*{{slink|Ripping#DVD_ripping}}

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{cite web |url=http://www.daefeatures.co.uk/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130518021831/http://www.daefeatures.co.uk/ |archive-date=2013-05-18 |title=Recommended Secure Digital Audio Extraction software |url-status=live}}
*{{cite web |url=https://wiki.hydrogenaud.io/index.php?title=Comparison_of_CD_rippers |title=Comparison of CD rippers |access-date=2021-07-19}}

{{Compact disc}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cd Ripper}}

[[Category: CD ripping software| ]]
[[Category: Ripping]]