Editing CPanel

{{Short description|Web-hosting control software}}
{{lowercase|title=cPanel}}
{{Redirect|WHM}}
{{Infobox software
| name = cPanel
| logo = CPanel logo.svg
| logo size = 150px
| screenshot = 
| screenshot size = 250px
| caption = cPanel main page
| author = Speed Hosting, Webking, VDI & cPanel, L.L.C.
| developer = cPanel, L.L.C.
| released = {{start date and age|1996|3|21}}
| latest release version = 
| latest release date = 
| operating system = [[Linux]]
| platform = 
| language = Multilingual
| programming language = Perl<ref name="enkimplang" />
| genre = [[Web hosting control panel]]
| license = [[Proprietary software|Proprietary]]
| website = {{URL||https://www.cpanel.net}}
}}
'''cPanel''' is [[web hosting control panel]] software developed by cPanel, L.L.C. It provides a [[Graphical user interface|graphical interface]] (GUI) and [[automation]] tools designed to simplify the process of hosting a [[Website|web site]] for the website owner or "[[end user]]". It enables administration through a standard [[web browser]] using a three-tier structure. While cPanel is limited to managing a single hosting account, cPanel & [[CPanel#WHM|WHM]] allow the administration of the entire server.

In addition to the [[GUI]], cPanel also has command line and [[API]]-based access that allows third-party software vendors, [[web hosting]] organizations, and developers to automate standard system administration processes.<ref name="whmapi" /> cPanel & WHM is designed to function either as a [[Dedicated hosting service|dedicated server]] or [[virtual private server]].  The latest cPanel & WHM version supports installation on [[AlmaLinux]], [[Rocky Linux]], [[CloudLinux OS]], and [[Ubuntu]].<ref name="whmreq" /><ref name="whmoseol" />

== History ==

cPanel is currently developed by cPanel, L.L.C., a privately owned company headquartered in Houston, Texas, United States. WebPros is the parent company of cPanel, L.L.C.<ref name="txinc" /> It was originally designed in 1996 as the control panel for Speed Hosting, a now-defunct web hosting company. The original author of cPanel, J. Nick Koston, had a stake in Speed Hosting. Webking quickly began using cPanel after their merger with Speed Hosting. The new company moved their servers to Virtual Development Inc. (VDI), a now-defunct hosting facility. Following an agreement between Koston and VDI, cPanel was only available to customers hosted directly at VDI. At the time there was little competition in the control panel market, with the main choices being VDI and Alabanza.

Eventually, due to Koston leaving for college, he and William Jensen signed an agreement in which cPanel was split into a separate program called WebPanel; this version was run by VDI. Without the lead programmer, VDI was not able to continue any work on cPanel and eventually stopped supporting it completely. Koston kept working on cPanel while also working at BurstNET. Eventually, he left BurstNET to focus fully on cPanel.

cPanel 3 was released in 1999: main additions over cPanel 2 were an automatic upgrade and the Web Host Manager (WHM). The interface was also improved when Carlos Rego of WizardsHosting made what became the default theme of cPanel.

With the release of cPanel 11, cPanel adopted a four-tier [[Software versioning|versioning system]], "Parent.Major.Minor.Patch" (e.g., 11.32.0.3). As of version 11.52, the "Parent" representation is deprecated, with 11.54 stylized as "Version 54."<ref name="whmno11" /><ref name="whmverscheme" /> cPanel 11.30 is the last major version to support [[FreeBSD]].<ref name="whmlts1130" />

On August 20, 2018 cPanel L.L.C. announced that it had signed an agreement to be acquired<ref>{{Cite web|title=Oakley Capital to Invest in cPanel; Acquisition will accelerate the next phase of product development for cPanel|url=https://news.cpanel.com/oakley-capital-to-invest-in-cpanel-acquisition-will-accelerate-the-next-phase-of-product-development-for-cpanel/|access-date=2021-04-23|website=news.cpanel.com|date=20 August 2018 }}</ref> by a group led by Oakley Capital (who also own [[Plesk]] and [[OnApp|SolusVM]]).<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://www.newswire.com/news/oakley-capital-to-invest-in-cpanel-20609249|title=Oakley Capital to Invest in cPanel|website=NewsWire|date=2018-08-20|access-date=2018-08-20}}</ref> While Koston sold his interest in cPanel, he will continue to be an owner of the company that owns cPanel.

{| class="wikitable"
|+cPanel Releases
!Version
!Release date
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!54
|2016-01-04
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!56
|2016-04-11
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!58
|2016-07-11
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!60
|2016-10-11
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!62
|2017-01-05
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!64
|2017-03-27
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!66
|2017-07-12
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!68
|2017-10-12
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!70
|2018-01-23
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!72
|2018-06-11
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!74
|2018-07-17
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!76
|2018-10-16
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!78
|2019-01-15
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!80
|2019-05-09
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!82
|2019-07-08
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!84
|2019-10-07
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!86
|2020-01-30
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!88
|2020-05-07
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!90
|2020-07-27
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!92
|2020-10-29
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!94
|2021-02-02
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!96
|2021-04-07
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!98
|2021-07-14
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!100
|2021-11-15
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!102
|2022-01-20
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!104
|2022-05-11
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!106
|2022-09-01
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!108
|2023-02-06
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|1}};"
!110
|2023-04-03
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!112
|2023-06-12
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!114
|2023-08-28
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!116
|2023-11-30
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|1}};"
!118
|2024-03-04
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!120
|2024-04-09
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|3}};"
!122
|2024-08-19
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|1}};"
!124
|2024-10-10
|- style="background:#{{CategoryBgColor|2}};"
!126
|2025-01-21
|-
| Legend
|
{{Legend inline |#{{CategoryBgColor|3}} |Old version| border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}<br>
{{Legend inline |#{{CategoryBgColor|1}} |Old version, still maintained| border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}<br>
{{Legend inline |#{{CategoryBgColor|2}} |Latest version| border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
|}

==Add-ons==
cPanel provides front-ends for a number of common operations, including the management of [[Pretty Good Privacy|PGP]] keys, [[crontab]] tasks, mail and [[file transfer protocol|FTP]] accounts, and mailing lists. Several add-ons exist, some for an additional fee, including auto installers such as Installatron, [[Fantastico (web hosting)|Fantastico]], [[Softaculous]], and WHMSonic ([[SHOUTcast]]/radio Control Panel Add-on). The add-ons need to be enabled by the server administrator in WHM to be accessible to the cPanel user.<ref name="whmplug" />

WHM manages some software packages separately from the underlying operating system, applying upgrades to [[Apache HTTP Server|Apache]], [[PHP]], [[MySQL]] and [[MariaDB]], [[Exim]], [[FTP]], and related software packages automatically. This ensures that these packages are kept up-to-date and compatible with WHM, but makes it more difficult to install newer versions of these packages. It also makes it difficult to verify that the packages have not been tampered with, since the operating system's package management verification system cannot be used to do so.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/Manipulierte-Apache-Binaries-laden-Schadcode-1851245.html |website=Heise Newsticker |first=Christian |last=Kirsch |title=Manipulierte Apache-Binaries laden Schadcode |language=de |date=April 28, 2013 |access-date=November 3, 2017}}</ref>

== WHM ==
WHM, short for WebHost Manager, is a [[web application|web-based]] tool which is used for server administration. There are at least two tiers of WHM, often referred to as "root WHM", and non-root WHM (or Reseller WHM).  Root WHM is used by [[system administrator|server administrator]]s and non-root WHM (with fewer privileges) is used by others, like entity departments, and [[reseller]]s to manage [[web hosting|hosting]] accounts often referred to as cPanel accounts on a [[web server]]. WHM is also used to manage [[Public key certificate#TLS/SSL server certificate|SSL certificates]] (both server self generated and [[Certificate authority|CA]] provided SSL certificates), cPanel users, hosting packages, [[DNS zone]]s, themes, and authentication methods. The default automatic SSL (AutoSSL) provided by cPanel is powered by [[Let's Encrypt]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://docs.cpanel.net/whm/ssl-tls/manage-autossl/#autossl-provider |title=Manage AutoSSL |date=October 20, 2023 |website=cPanel Docs }}</ref> Additionally, WHM can also be used to manage FTP, Mail (POP, IMAP, and SMTP) and SSH services on the server.

As well as being accessible by the root administrator, WHM is also accessible to users with [[reseller]] privileges. Reseller users of cPanel have a smaller set of features than the root user, generally limited by the server administrator, to features which they determine will affect their customers' accounts rather than the server as a whole.
From root WHM, the server administrator can perform maintenance operations such as upgrading and recompiling Apache and PHP, installing [[Perl]] modules, and upgrading [[RPM Package Manager|RPM]]s installed on the system.

== Enkompass ==
A version of cPanel & WHM for [[Windows|Microsoft Windows]], called Enkompass, was declared [[End-of-life (product)|end-of-life]] as of February 2014. Version 3 remained available for download, but without further development or support.<ref name="enkeol" /> In the preceding years, Enkompass had been available for free as product development slowed.<ref name="enkfree" />

== Pricing ==
On June 27, 2019 cPanel announced a new account-based pricing structure.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blog.cpanel.com/announcing-account-based-pricing/|title=Announcing Account Based Pricing|date=2019-06-27|website=cPanel Blog|language=en-US|access-date=2019-06-27|archive-date=2019-06-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190627215836/https://blog.cpanel.com/announcing-account-based-pricing/|url-status=dead}}</ref> After backlash from their customers, cPanel issued a second announcement but did not change the new structure.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blog.cpanel.com/update-to-account-based-pricing/|title=Update to Account Based Pricing|date=2019-07-05|website=cPanel Blog|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-06|archive-date=2019-07-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190706133724/https://blog.cpanel.com/update-to-account-based-pricing/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Comparison of web hosting control panels]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|
refs=
<ref name="whmapi">{{cite web |url=https://api.docs.cpanel.net/ |title=cPanel & WHM's Software Development Kit (SDK) |website=cPanel Developer Documentation }}</ref>
<ref name="whmreq">{{cite web |url=https://docs.cpanel.net/installation-guide/system-requirements/ |title=System Requirements for Installing cPanel & WHM |website=cPanel Docs }}</ref>
<ref name="whmlts1130">{{cite web |url=https://news.cpanel.com/cpanel_whm_version_1130_long-term_support/ |title=cPanel & WHM Version 11.30 Long-Term Support Announcement |website=cPanel Newsroom |date=28 February 2011 }}</ref>
<ref name="whmoseol">{{cite web |url=https://docs.cpanel.net/knowledge-base/third-party/third-party-software-end-of-life-policy/ |title=Third-Party Software End of Life Policy for cPanel & WHM |website=cPanel Docs }}</ref>
<ref name="txinc">{{cite web |url=https://ourcpa.cpa.state.tx.us/coa/servlet/cpa.app.coa.CoaGetTp?Pg=tpid&Search_Nm=CPANEL%2C%20INC.%20&Button=search&Search_ID=32040310495 |title=Franchise Tax Certification of Account Status |website=Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts}}</ref>
<ref name="whmplug">{{cite web |url=https://docs.cpanel.net/whm/cpanel/manage-plugins/ |title=Manage Plugins |website=cPanel Docs |date=October 18, 2022 }}</ref>
<ref name="enkfree">{{cite web |url=https://news.cpanel.com/cpanel-to-offer-enkompass-for-free/ |title=cPanel to Offer Enkompass For Free |website=cPanel Newsroom |date=October 15, 2011 }}</ref>
<ref name="enkeol">{{cite web |url=https://news.cpanel.com/enkompass-eol-notice-2/ |title=Enkompass EOL Notice |date=September 19, 2014 |website=cPanel Newsroom }}</ref>
<ref name="enkimplang">{{cite web |url=https://news.cpanel.com/13172/ |title=Improving the Internal PHP |website=cPanel Newsroom |date=June 28, 2012 }}</ref>
<ref name="whmno11">{{cite web |url=https://blog.cpanel.com/whats-next-for-cpanel-whm/ |title=What's Next for cPanel & WHM? |website=cPanel Blog |date=October 20, 2015 }}</ref>
<ref name="whmverscheme">{{cite web |url=https://docs.cpanel.net/knowledge-base/cpanel-product/product-versions-and-the-release-process/ |title=Product Versions and the Release Process |website=cPanel Docs |date=February 23, 2024 }}</ref>

}}

== External links ==
* {{Official website}}

{{WebManTools}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cpanel}}
[[Category:Web applications]]
[[Category:Website management]]
[[Category:Web server management software]]
[[Category:Perl software]]
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