Editing Calu

{{Short description|Epithet of the Etruscan god Śuri}}
'''Calu''' ({{langx|ett|𐌖𐌋𐌀𐌂|Calu|dark, darkness}}){{sfn|Zavaroni|1996}}{{sfn|Mc Callister|Mc Callister|1999}} is an epithet of the [[Etruscan mythology|Etruscan]] [[chthonic]] [[fire god]] '''[[Śuri]]'''{{sfn|Bouke van der Meer|2013|pages=323–341}}{{sfn|Rissanen|2013}}{{sfn|Maras|2010}} as god of the [[underworld]], roughly [[interpretatio graeca|equivalent]] to the [[Greek mythology|Greek]] god [[Hades]] ({{langx|grc-x-ionic|label=[[Epic Greek]]|Ἄϊδης|Áïdēs}}; {{langx|ett|𐌀𐌕𐌉𐌀|[[Aita]]}}); moreover, as with Hades, this god-name was also used as a synonym for the underworld itself.{{sfn|Romano Impero|2021}}

He is identified by his wolf attributes, such as a wolf-like appearance or a human with a wolf-skin cap.{{sfn|De Grummond|Simon|2006|p=57}}
The visual representations of the cult of Calu seem to contain common elements with the Roman cult of [[Lupercalia]] and the Faliscan cult of the [[Hirpi Sorani]] ("wolves of Soranus", from {{langx|sbv|hirpus||wolf}}).{{sfn|Rissanen|2013}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
== Bibliography ==
* {{cite book|editor1-last=De Grummond|editor1-first=Nancy Thomson|editor2-last=Simon|editor2-first=Erika|year=2006|title=The Religion of the Etruscans|isbn=9780292782334|location=Austin|publisher=University of Texas Press|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=hQtbJyFCd40C}}
** {{harvc|in=De Grummond|in2=Simon|year=2006
|last=Bonfante|first=Larissa|author-link=Larissa Bonfante |c=Etruscan Inscriptions and Etruscan Religion}}
** {{harvc|in=De Grummond|in2=Simon|year=2006
|last=Colonna|first=Giovanni|c=Sacred Architecture and the Religion of the Etruscans}}
** {{harvc|in=De Grummond|in2=Simon|year=2006
|last=Krauskopf|first=Ingrid|c=The Grave and Beyond|p=vii, pp. 73–75}}
** {{harvc|in=De Grummond|in2=Simon|year=2006
|last=Simon|first=Erika|c=Gods in Harmony: The Etruscan Pantheon}}
* {{cite magazine|last=Maras|first=Daniele F.|year=2010|lang=it|title=Suri. Il nero signore degli inferi|magazine=Archeo|number=305|url=http://www.archeo.it/rivista/2010/Luglio/suri-il-nero-signore-degli-inferi|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141210200639/http://www.archeo.it/rivista/2010/Luglio/suri-il-nero-signore-degli-inferi|archive-date=2014-12-10}}
* {{citation|editor1-last=Mc Callister
|editor1-first=Rick
|editor2-last=Mc Callister
|editor2-first=Silvia
|year=1999
|title=Etruscan Glossary
|chapter=CA-CE
|chapter-url=https://etruscans1.tripod.com/Language/EtruscanCA.html
|quote=Calu
}}
* {{cite journal|last=Rissanen|first=Mika|orig-date=2012|date=2013|title=The Hirpi Sorani and the Wolf Cults of Central Italy|journal=Arctos: Acta Philologica Fennica|volume=46|publisher=Klassillis-filologinen yhdistys|location=Helsinki|issn=0570-734X|url=https://www.academia.edu/2177407|via=Academia.edu}}
* {{cite book|last=Bouke van der Meer|first=Lammert|author-link=L. Bouke van der Meer|year=2013|contribution=Lead Plaque of Magliano|title=Interpretando l'antico. Scritti di archeologia offerti a Maria Bonghi Jovino|series=Quaderni di Acme (134)|location=Milan|pages=323–341 (335)|url = https://www.academia.edu/4006969|via=Academia.edu}}
* {{cite book|last=Zavaroni|first=Adolfo|date=1996|lang=it|title=I documenti etruschi|publisher=Sherpa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nx1SAQAAIAAJ|quote=Calu}}

== External links ==
* {{cite web|date=July 2021|lang=it|title=Culto di Soranus|url=https://www.romanoimpero.com/2021/07/culto-di-soranus.html|website=Romano Impero|ref={{harvid|Romano Impero|2021}}}}

[[Category:Etruscan religion]]
[[Category:Wolves in folklore, religion and mythology]]
[[Category:Etruscan gods]]
[[Category:Underworld gods]]
[[Category:Epithets of Śuri]]
 
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