Editing Candid Camera

{{Short description|American hidden camera reality television series (1948–2014)}}
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{{Cleanup|reason=The timeline of the TV program is unfollowable in the article's current state. This needs to be rewritten so its made clear when the program aired and where. If needed, separate the article into sub-sections and treat each version as a different series (which it was)|date=February 2024}}
{{More citations needed|date=April 2025}}
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{{For-multi|the cartoon|Elmer's Candid Camera|the exhibition|Candid Camera (Australian photographic exhibition)}}
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{{Infobox television
| image                = Candidfunt.jpg
| genre                = [[Comedy]]
| creator              = [[Allen Funt]]
| developer            = Allen Funt
| presenter            = {{Plain list|
* Allen Funt <small>(1948–92)</small>
* [[Arthur Godfrey]] <small>(1960–61)</small>
* [[Durward Kirby]] <small>(1961–66)</small>
* [[Dorothy Collins]] <small>(1961–63)</small>
* [[Bess Myerson]] <small>(1966–1967)</small>
* [[John Bartholomew Tucker]] <small>(1974–1975)</small>
* [[Phyllis George]] <small>(1975–1976)</small>
* [[Joann Pflug]] <small>(1976–1979)</small>
* [[Dom DeLuise]] <small>(1991–1992)</small>
* [[Eva LaRue]] <small>(1991–1992)</small>
* [[Peter Funt]] <small>(1996–2004; 2014)</small>
* [[Suzanne Somers]] <small>(1997–2000)</small>
* [[Dina Eastwood]] <small>(2001–2004)</small>
* [[Mayim Bialik]] <small>(2014)</small>
}}
| narrated             = [[Durward Kirby]] <small>(1960–66)</small> <br>Bess Myerson <small>(1966–67)</small>
| theme_music_composer = Frank Grant
| open_theme            =
| end_theme             = 
| country              = United States
| language             = English
| num_seasons          = 38
| num_episodes         = 1,000+
| list_episodes        = 
| producer             = 
| executive_producer   = {{Plain list|
* Allen Funt <small>(1948–92)</small>
* [[Bob Banner]] <small>(1960–67)</small>
* Peter Funt <small>(1996–2004; 2014)</small>
* [[Ben Silverman]] <small>(2014)</small>
}}
| location             = Various on-location
| camera               = Single camera
| runtime              = 22 minutes
| company              = {{Plain list|
* Allen Funt Productions (1953; 1960–67; 1974–79; 1983; 1987–88; 1991–1992)
* Bob Banner Associates (1960–67)
* [[Vin Di Bona]] Productions (1991–1992)
* [[King World Productions]] (1991–1992)
* Candid Camera, Inc. (1996–2004; 2014)
* [[Electus]] (2014)
* [[TV Land|TV Land Original Production]] (2014)
}}
<!--
| network              = {{Plain list|
* [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] (1948–49; 1974)
* [[NBC]] (1949–51; 1954-59; 1983)
* Syndication (1951–54; 1974-79; 1991-92)
* [[CBS]] (1959–67; 1987-88; 1996-2001)
* [[PAX TV]] (2001–04)
* [[TV Land]] (2014)
}}
| first_aired          = {{Plain list|
* Original version: {{Start date|August 10, 1948}}–{{End date|1954}}
* 1960 version: {{Start date|1960}}–{{End date|1967}}
* ''The New Candid Camera'': {{Start date|1974}}–{{End date|1979}}
* ''The Candid Camera Show'': {{Start date|1987}}–{{End date|1988}}
* ''The All-New Candid Camera'': {{Start date|1991}}–{{End date|1992}}
* 1996 version: {{Start date|1996}}–{{End date|2004}}
* TV Land version: {{Start date|2014}}
}}
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}}

'''''Candid Camera''''' is an American [[hidden camera]] and [[practical joke]] [[Reality television#Hidden cameras|reality television series]]. The show was created, developed, and presented by [[Allen Funt]]. Various versions of the show have appeared on television from 1948 to 2014. The program got its start on [[radio]] as '''''[[The Candid Microphone]]''''' on June 28, 1947.

After a series of theatrical film shorts, also titled ''Candid Microphone'', Funt's concept came to television on August 10, 1948, and continued into the 1970s. Aside from occasional specials in the 1980s, the show was off air until 1991, when Funt reluctantly authorized a syndicated revival with [[Dom DeLuise]] as host and [[Vin Di Bona]] producing; it ran for one year. The show made a comeback on [[CBS]] in 1996 before moving to [[PAX TV]] in 2001. This incarnation of the weekly series ended on May 5, 2004, concurrent with the selling of the PAX network itself. Beginning on August 11, 2014, the show returned<ref>{{cite web |url=https://haphazardstuff.com/the-return-of-candid-camera/|title=The Return of Candid Camera|date=September 25, 2014|website=Haphazard Stuff}}</ref> in a new series with hour-long episodes on [[TV Land]], but this incarnation only lasted a single season.

The format has been revived numerous times, appearing on U.S. TV networks and in syndication (first-run) in each succeeding decade, as either a regular show or a series of specials. Funt, who died in 1999, hosted or co-hosted all versions of the show until he became too ill to continue. His son [[Peter Funt]], who had co-hosted the specials with his father since 1987, became the producer and host. A United Kingdom version of the format aired from 1960 to 1976.

==Premise==
{{More citations needed|section|date=July 2019}}
The show involved concealed cameras filming ordinary people being confronted with unusual situations, sometimes involving trick props, such as a desk with drawers that pop open when one is closed or a car with a hidden extra gas tank. When the joke was revealed, victims were told the show's [[catchphrase]], "Smile, you're on ''Candid Camera''." The catchphrase became a song with music and lyrics by [[Sid Ramin]].

In one episode, the show filmed the reactions of citizens after they saw the former President [[Harry S. Truman]] walking down the street. After being advised that the former president and his [[United States Secret Service|Secret Service]] entourage would be taking a walk in downtown Manhattan, the program tracked them with a hidden camera in a van. A young woman who was a champion runner was planted at a street corner they would pass, and she was asking directions from a passerby when she saw Truman and shouted hello. In a stunt suggestive of the classic radio play ''[[The Hitch-Hiker (radio play)|The Hitchhiker]]'', she then ran around the block so she could be ahead of Truman and was at the next corner where she again said hello to him as he approached. After this was done several times, she asked President Truman if something seemed familiar. The former president replied he expected she had something to do with the van that had been following him, and pointed straight into the camera with his walking stick without turning to look.

Some of Funt's pieces did not involve pranks but consisted simply of interviews with ordinary people. There were bizarre sequences in which people, sometimes children, gave one-of-a-kind interpretations of works of art. A little girl once told Funt that ''The Discus Thrower'' by [[Praxiteles]] showed a man throwing his little girl's allowance to her while she stood in the back yard.

==Radio history==
''[[The Candid Microphone]]'' was first heard on Saturday, June 28, 1947, at 7:30&nbsp;p.m. on [[Cumulus Media Networks|ABC radio]].<ref name=dunning>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EwtRbXNca0oC&dq=%22The+Candid+Microphone,+human%22&pg=PA135 |last=Dunning |first=John |author-link=John Dunning (detective fiction author) |title=On the Air: The Encyclopedia of Old-Time Radio |date=1998 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=New York, NY |isbn=978-0-19-507678-3 |pages=135–136 |edition=Revised |access-date=2019-11-11}}</ref> That series came to an end on September 23, 1948.<ref name=dunning /> The announcer for the radio program was Dorian St. George<ref>{{cite news |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VgwEAAAAMBAJ&dq=%22Candid+Microphone%22+%22Dorian+St.+George%22&pg=PA14 |first=George |last=Berkowitz |title=Candid Microphone (review) |page=14 |newspaper=The Billboard |date=1947-07-19 |access-date=2019-11-11 }}</ref> (1911–2004).

Beginning June 6, 1950, ''The Candid Microphone'' was broadcast by CBS on Tuesdays at 9:30&nbsp;p.m., sponsored by [[Philip Morris USA|Philip Morris]],<ref name=dunning /> which continued for three months until August 29.<ref name=dunning />

==TV history==
{{more footnotes needed|section|date=August 2014}}
Funt brought his program to [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] television in 1948, using the ''Candid Microphone'' title of the radio series, and then switched to [[NBC]] in the fall of 1949 (for Philip Morris, with [[Ken Roberts (announcer)|Ken Roberts]] as his announcer), at which point its name was changed to ''Candid Camera''. The format moved to syndication in 1951 and continued for three years before returning to NBC in 1958 as a segment of [[Jack Paar]]'s ''[[The Tonight Show]]''. The segment reappeared in 1959 on [[CBS]] as a feature on ''[[The Garry Moore Show]]'', before once again becoming a standalone show in 1960.

Its longest uninterrupted run came in the CBS Sunday evening version. Debuting in October 1960, dominating its 10pm time slot for seven years, the program reached its peak in 1963 placing second for the year in the national Nielsen ratings. In these shows producer/host Funt was joined on stage by several co-hosts. Veteran CBS broadcaster [[Arthur Godfrey]] joined Funt for the first season, until he quit due to an inability to get along with the volatile Funt. Replacing him was [[Garry Moore]]'s long time announcer and sidekick [[Durward Kirby]] from 1961 to 1966. For the final prime time season, TV hostess and former [[Miss America]], [[Bess Myerson]] co-hosted. The 1966–67 season, with Myerson, saw the series' first use of color film. Appearances on the show by silent film comedy legend [[Buster Keaton]] were included in the 1987 [[Thames Television]] tribute documentary ''Buster Keaton: A Hard Act To Follow''. Among the standout favorite segments was 1965's traffic cop [[Vic Cianca]] with the [[Pittsburgh Police Bureau|Pittsburgh Police]], who gained national exposure through the show and later appeared in [[Budweiser (Anheuser-Busch)|Budweiser]] commercials, as well as [[Italy|Italian]] TV and the movie ''[[Flashdance]]''.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nereim |first=Vivian |url=http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/10026/1031115-122.stm |title=Obituary: Victor S. Cianca, Sr./Famous city traffic cop |newspaper=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette |date=January 26, 2010 |access-date=March 21, 2014}}</ref> A then-unknown [[Woody Allen]] was one of the writers for the show in the early 1960s and performed in some scenarios. Though a rarity, a few celebrities appeared in the last CBS season; among them were baseball legend [[Jackie Robinson]], impressionists [[George Kirby]] and [[Rich Little]], singer [[Mike Douglas]] and rock vocal group [[The Four Seasons (band)|The Four Seasons]].

Following an ABC special in the summer of 1974 celebrating the program's 25th anniversary, ''Candid Camera'' returned that fall for a five-year run in weekly [[broadcast syndication|syndication]], with Funt as emcee again and [[John Bartholomew Tucker]] and [[Dorothy Collins]] as early co-hosts. [[Fannie Flagg]], one of Funt's writers during the 1960s run, also shared emcee duties with Funt during the 1970s era, as did [[Phyllis George]], [[Betsy Palmer]] and [[Jo Ann Pflug]]. This version was taped at the [[Ed Sullivan Theater]] in [[New York City]] for its first season, then moved to [[WTVF]] in [[Nashville]] for the remainder of its run.

The network TV version celebrated its 35th anniversary with an NBC special in 1983. Four years later, a series of occasional ''Candid Camera'' specials aired on CBS with [[Peter Funt]] joining his father as co-host.

The show also aired a season in daily syndication (1991–92) with [[Dom DeLuise]] as host and [[Eva LaRue]] as co-host.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Brooks|first1=Tim|last2=Marsh|first2=Earle|title=The Complete Directory to Prime Time Network and Cable TV shows, 1946-present|date=2009 |publisher=Ballantine Books|location=New York|isbn=9780307483201|page=216|edition=9th}}</ref> Produced by [[Vin Di Bona]] and [[King World Productions]], Funt authorized this version, but did not approve of the format or host. He stated in his biography ''Candidly'' (1994) that he deeply regretted his decision (which he made strictly for financial reasons) mainly because he did not think DeLuise understood the spirit of the show or was an appropriate host, and also because he felt the bits were weak, uninteresting, and too preoccupied with incorporating the show's sponsor, [[Pizza Hut]], into them in an overtly commercial way.<ref>{{cite book|last=Reed|first=Allen Funt with Philip|title=Candidly, Allen Funt: A Million Smiles Later|year=1994|publisher=Barricade Books|location=New York|isbn=1-56980-008-1}}</ref>

A 1996 CBS program celebrating the 50th anniversary of the format (dating back to the ''Candid Microphone'' days) led to another series of occasional ''Candid Camera'' specials, and then to its return as a weekly CBS show with Peter Funt and [[Suzanne Somers]] as co-hosts. The show moved to the [[PAX TV]] network in 2001 with [[Dina Eastwood]] taking over as co-host, remaining on the air for three more years before suspending production.

In April 2014, it was announced that the [[TV Land]] cable channel was reviving the show, ordering ten episodes. Peter Funt returned as a host, joined by actress [[Mayim Bialik]] as co-host, with the series premiering on August 11.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thewrap.com/candid-camera-gets-tv-land-reboot/ |title='Candid Camera' Gets a TV Land Reboot: EP Peter Funt Talks 'Derivative' Shows, Drones, and a More Gullible Public |website=TheWrap |date=April 9, 2014 |access-date=June 26, 2014}}</ref> However, it was not renewed for a second season.

In April 2023, it was announced that [[Village Roadshow|Village Roadshow Unscripted Television]] was in working a new version of the show with [[Taraji P. Henson]] as host.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bell |first1=BreAnna |title=Village Roadshow and Candid Camera Inc. Developing New 'Candid Camera' Series, Taraji P. Henson Joins as Host and Executive Producer |url=https://variety.com/2023/tv/news/village-roadshow-candid-camera-inc-candid-camera-taraji-p-henson-host-executive-producer-1235596749/ |website=Variety |date=April 27, 2023}}</ref>

===Ratings===
{{Expand section|with=information on other versions of the show|date=August 2014}}

The 1960–67 run was arguably the most successful version of the show, according to the [[Nielsen ratings]]:
* 1960–61: #7 (27.3 rating)<ref>{{cite web|title=TV Ratings: 1960–1961|url=https://classictvguide.com/tvratings/1960.htm|publisher=Classic TV Hits}}</ref>
* 1961–62: #10 (25.5 rating)<ref>{{cite web|title=TV Ratings: 1961–1962|url=https://classictvguide.com/tvratings/1961.htm|publisher=Classic TV Hits}}</ref>
* 1962–63: #2 (31.1 rating)<ref>{{cite web|title=TV Ratings: 1962–1963|url=https://classictvguide.com/tvratings/1962.htm|publisher=Classic TV Hits}}</ref>
* 1963–64: #7 (27.7 rating)<ref>{{cite web|title=TV Ratings: 1963–1964|url=https://classictvguide.com/tvratings/1963.htm|publisher=Classic TV Hits}}</ref>

==Films==
In 1970, Funt wrote, narrated, directed and produced an [[X rating|X-rated]] ''Candid Camera''-style theatrical [[reality film]], ''[[What Do You Say to a Naked Lady?]]'' A second film, ''[[Money Talks (1972 film)|Money Talks]]'', followed in 1972.

''[[What Do You Say to a Naked Lady?]]'' eventually led to a series of [[videotapes]] of an adult-oriented (containing nudity) version of ''Candid Camera'', produced in the 1980s, called ''Candid Candid Camera''. These videos were shown on [[HBO]] and the [[Playboy Channel]].

==Reruns==
The 1960s version was seen in reruns on CBS daytime at 10{{nbsp}}am EST from September 26, 1966, to September 6, 1968, with local stations continuing to air the series for the next several years. It also aired on the [[Ha! (TV channel)|Ha!]] comedy network in 1990–91.

The 1970s version continued to play on local stations for several years after its cancellation, followed by a run on cable's [[USA Network]] later in the 1980s, and another go-round on both [[Comedy Central]] and [[E!]] in the early 1990s.

Reruns of the late 1990s version and the Pax version were carried by [[GMC TV]] for a time in 2011. The final season of the 60s version and first season of the 70s version aired on [[Jewish Life Television|JLTV]] from 2012 to 2013, and returned to the weekday schedule in December 2016.

No episodes from the 1991–92 season were rerun.

==Legacy==

===Television===
A British version of ''Candid Camera'' began in 1960 and ran for seven years. It was initially presented by [[David Nixon (magician)|David Nixon]] or [[Bob Monkhouse]] and featured [[Jonathan Routh]] and Arthur Atkins as pranksters. The show briefly returned in 1974, hosted by Peter Dulay, with Arthur Atkins and Sheila Bernette. Another series was aired in 1976 with Jonathan Routh in charge, with Dulay as producer. These two 1970s series reappeared in 1986, with an opening sequence from Peter Dulay. [[Jeremy Beadle]] made his name hosting prank shows, notably ''[[Beadle's About]]'' in the 1980s and 1990s. Channel 4 and [[Dom Joly]] developed ''[[Trigger Happy TV]]'' in the early part of the 21st century. A similar style show with no real presenter went out as ''[[Just for Laughs (British TV series)|Just for Laughs]]'' on the [[BBC]] around the same time.

An Australian version of ''Candid Camera'', titled ''Candid Camera On Australia'', aired on the [[Network 10|Ten Network]] in 1989–90.

A Chilean version of ''Candid Camera'', titled ''Cámara escondida'', aired on [[Canal 13 (Chilean TV channel)|Canal 13]] in 1994.

A French version of ''Candid Camera'', titled ''[[La Caméra invisible]]'' on RTF.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ud2-AAAAQBAJ&dq=la+camera+invisible&pg=PA890 | isbn=9780810869394 | title=Encyclopedia of French Film Directors | date=December 11, 2009 | publisher=Scarecrow Press }}</ref>

[[Quebec]] saw its own adaptation titled ''Les insolences d'une caméra''.

A German variant of ''Candid Camera'', known as ''[[Verstehen Sie Spaß?]]'', was begun in 1980 and continues to air as of 2019.{{citation needed|date=January 2020}}

A wave of other American hidden-camera prank shows began in the 1980s: ''[[Totally Hidden Video]]'' was shown on [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] from 1989 until 1992. [[MTV]]'s [[Ashton Kutcher]] vehicle, ''[[Punk'd]]'', devised elaborate pranks on celebrities. Some shows have been criticized because of the potential cruelty inherent in the pranks, such as ''[[Scare Tactics]]''. ''[[Oblivious (American game show)|Oblivious]]'' was a series which gave cash prizes to unsuspecting subjects in the street who answered trivia questions but did not realize they were on a [[game show]]. More recent prank shows have been ''[[Girls Behaving Badly]]'', ''[[Just for Laughs Gags]]'',<ref>[http://www.aoltv.com/show/just-for-laughs-gags/185761 Just for Laughs: Gags] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923211405/http://www.aoltv.com/show/just-for-laughs-gags/185761 |date=September 23, 2015 }} "This crazy Quebec-based troupe uses the city as its stage, and its inhabitants, or victims, as characters! People are caught in a twisted yet funny web of comedic deception. This updated ''Candid Camera'' is a tad more risque and a little kookier with its practical jokes. The little snippets last only a few minutes, and some look more painful than others."</ref> ''[[The Jamie Kennedy Experiment]]'', ''[[Boiling Points]]'', ''[[Trigger Happy TV]]'', and ''[[Howie Do It]]''. Perhaps the most ambitious of all was ''[[The Joe Schmo Show]]'' in which [[Matt Kennedy Gould]] was surrounded by actors and hoaxed for the entire series.

One episode of ''[[Supermarket Sweep]]'' from 1991 featured [[Johnny Gilbert]] mentioning during the Big Sweep to a team member named Barry (who also appeared on ''[[Monopoly (game show)|Monopoly]]''): "He thinks he's on ''Candid Camera'', but he knows he's on ''Supermarket Sweep''!"<ref>{{YouTube|rxqCqzmwSUg}}</ref>

In a 2010 interview,<ref>{{cite web|last=Glasgow|first=Greg|title=Peter Funt carries on 'Candid Camera' legacy|url=http://blogs.du.edu/today/news/camera-man|publisher=University of Denver|access-date=April 1, 2012}}</ref> Peter Funt commented on some of these shows, saying:
<blockquote>We’ve always come at it from the idea that we believe people are wonderful and we’re out to confirm it. Our imitators and other shows, whether it’s Jamie Kennedy or ''Punk’d'', often seem to come at it from the opposite perspective, which is that people are stupid, and we’re going to find ways to underscore that.</blockquote>

===Academia===
In 1964, [[Cornell University]]'s Department of Psychology asked for and received permission to maintain an archive of ''Candid Camera'' and ''Candid Microphone'' episodes for educational research and study purposes.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Segelken|first1=Roger|title=Allen Funt's Candid Camera stunts still inform, prompt smiles in academia|url=http://www.news.cornell.edu/stories/1999/09/candid-camera-still-used-academia|website=The Cornell Chronicle|access-date=10 December 2015|location=Ithaca, NY|date=8 September 1999}}</ref>

==Home media==
===VHS===
* ''Candid Camera Christmas''
* ''Candid Camera Golf Gags''
* ''Candid Camera's All-Time Funniest Moments Parts I & II''
* ''Candid Camera's Biggest Surprises''
* ''Candid Camera's Pets & Animals''
* ''Candid Candid Camera'' (adult content)
* ''Candid Kids''

===DVD===
* ''Best of the 1960s Volume One''
* ''Best of the 1960s Volume Two''
* ''Best of the 1970s Volume One''
* ''Best of the 1970s Volume Two''
* ''Best of the 1980s Volume One''
* ''Best of the 1990s Volume One''
* ''Best of Today Volume One''
* ''Best of Today Volume Two''
* ''Candid Camera: Greatest Moments''
* ''Candid Camera: Fooling The Senses''
* ''Green Kid''
* ''Inspirational Smiles''
* ''Most Requested Characters''
* ''The Funt Family Collection''

===Classic audio CD===
* ''Candid Microphone'' (1960)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* Funt, Allen. ''Eavesdropper at Large: Adventures in Human Nature with "Candid Mike"''. Vanguard Press, 1952.
* Funt, Allen. ''Candid Kids''. Bernard Geis, 1964.

==External links==
* [http://www.candidcamera.com/ ''Candid Camera'' official site]
* {{cite web|title=Smile My Ass|url=http://www.radiolab.org/story/smile-my-ass/|website=[[Radiolab]]|publisher=[[WNYC]]|access-date=8 October 2015|ref=RadioLab}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070312060414/http://www.freeotrshows.com/otr/c/cami.19xx.xx.xx_Bela_Lugosi_As_Dracula.m3u ''Candid Microphone'' with Allen Funt and Bela Lugosi]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927212922/http://www.freeotrshows.com/otr/c/cami.1947.07.14_Unknown_Title.m3u ''Candid Microphone'' (July 14, 1947)]
* {{IMDb title|description=bbc|0040034|Candid Camera (1948)}}
* {{IMDb title|0045376|Candid Camera (1953)}}
* {{IMDb title|0053489|Candid Camera (1960) (American)}}
* {{IMDb title|0199192|Candid Camera (1960) (British)}}
* {{IMDb title|0101057|Candid Camera (1991)}}
* {{IMDb title|0207873|Candid Camera (1992) (New Zealand)}}
* {{IMDb title|0154059|Candid Camera (1998)}}
* {{IMDb title|3659294|Candid Camera (2014)}}
* {{IMDb title|0066559|What Do You Say to a Naked Lady? (1970)}}
* {{IMDb title|0185509|Money Talks (1972)}}
* [http://www.candidcamera.be/ ''Belgian candidcamera'' (2010) candidcamera.be]

{{TV Land}}

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