Editing Carduelis

{{Short description|Genus of birds}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Carduelis''}} 
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = ''Carduelis''
| image = Carduelis carduelis 1.jpg
| image_caption = The [[European goldfinch]] belongs to a group of red- or yellow-faced species
| taxon = Carduelis
| authority = [[Mathurin Jacques Brisson|Brisson]], 1760
| type_species = ''[[Fringilla carduelis]]''<ref name=HM4>{{cite web |url= https://www.aviansystematics.org/4th-edition-checklist?viewfamilies=196 |title= Fringillidae |author=<!--Not stated--> |date= |website= aviansystematics.org |publisher= The Trust for Avian Systematics |access-date= 2023-07-16}}</ref>
| type_species_authority = Linnaeus, 1758
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = 
4, see text
| synonyms =
}}

The [[genus]] '''''Carduelis'''''<ref>From [[Latin]] ''[[carduus]]'', "thistle". Thistle seeds are a favourite food of the species.</ref> is a group of birds in the [[finch]] [[family (biology)|family]] Fringillidae.

The genus ''Carduelis'' was introduced by the French zoologist [[Mathurin Jacques Brisson]] in 1760 by [[Tautonym|tautonomy]] based on [[Carl Linnaeus]]'s [[Specific name (zoology)|specific epithet]] for the European goldfinch ''Fringilla carduelis''.<ref>{{ cite book | editor-last=Paynter | editor-first=Raymond A. Jnr. | year=1968 | title=Check-list of birds of the world, Volume 14 | publisher=Museum of Comparative Zoology | place=Cambridge, Massachusetts | page=234 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14481435 }}</ref><ref>{{ cite book | last=Brisson | first=Mathurin Jacques | author-link=Mathurin Jacques Brisson | title=Ornithologie |  at=[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/36010434 Volume 1 p. 36]; [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35953002 Volume 3 p. 53] | place=Paris | language=Latin, French }}</ref> The name ''carduelis'' is the [[Latin]] word for the European goldfinch.<ref name =job>{{cite book | last= Jobling | first= James A. | year= 2010| title= The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | url= https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling | publisher=Christopher Helm | location = London, United Kingdom | isbn = 978-1-4081-2501-4 | page = [https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling/page/n91 91] }}</ref>

The polyphyletic nature of the genus was confirmed by Dario Zuccon and coworkers in a comprehensive study of the finch family published in 2012. The authors suggested splitting the genus into several [[monophyletic]] [[clade]]s, a proposal that was accepted by the [[International Ornithologists' Union]].<ref>{{cite journal | last1=Zuccon | first1=Dario  | last2=Prŷs-Jones | first2=Robert | last3=Rasmussen | first3=Pamela C. | last4=Ericson | first4=Per G.P. | year=2012 | title=The phylogenetic relationships and generic limits of finches (Fringillidae) | journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | volume=62 | issue=2 | pages=581–596 | doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2011.10.002 | url=http://www.nrm.se/download/18.9ff3752132fdaeccb6800010935/Zuccon%20et%20al%202012.pdf | pmid=22023825| bibcode=2012MolPE..62..581Z }}</ref> The siskins and goldfinches from the Americas formed a distinct clade and were moved to the resurrected genus ''[[Spinus (genus)|Spinus]]'', the greenfinches were moved to the genus ''[[Greenfinch|Chloris]]'', the [[twite]] and [[Common linnet|linnet]]s formed another [[clade]] and were moved to the genus ''[[Linaria (bird)|Linaria]]'' and finally the [[redpoll]]s were moved to the genus ''[[Redpoll|Acanthis]]''.<ref name=iou>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | title=Finches, euphonias | work= World Bird List Version 14.2| url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/finches/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union| access-date=5 March 2025 }}</ref>

==Species==
The genus ''Carduelis'' is now restricted to four [[Western Palaearctic]] species:<ref name=iou/>

{{Species table |genus=Carduelis |authority-name= [[Mathurin Jacques Brisson|Brisson]] |authority-year= 1760 |species-count=three|no-note=y|narrow-percent=75}}

{{Species table/row
|name= European goldfinch|binomial=[[Carduelis carduelis]]
|image=File:Carduelis carduelis close up.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Linnaeus |authority-year=  1758  |authority-not-original=no
|range= Europe, North Africa and western Asia (1 & 2 on map below).
|range-image=File:Carduelis carduelis map.png
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Ten subspecies |bullets=on
|''C. c. balcanica'' Sachtleben, 1919 &ndash; southeastern European
|''C. c. brevirostris'' [[Nikolai Zarudny|Zarudny]], 1890 &ndash; Crimea, the northern Caucasus
|''C. c. britannica'' ([[Ernst Hartert|Hartert]], 1903) &ndash; the British Isles
|''C. c. carduelis'' ([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]]) &ndash; most of the European mainland, Scandinavia
|''C. c. colchica '' Koudashev, 1915 &ndash; Crimea and the northern Caucasus
|''C. c. frigoris'' [[Hans Edmund Wolters|Wolters]], 1953 &ndash; western Siberia
|''C. c. niediecki'' [[Anton Reichenow|Reichenow]], 1907 &ndash; southwest Asia (Rhodes, Karpathos, Cyprus, Egypt to Asia Minor, North Iraq, Southwest Iran, Northeast Africa
|''C. c. parva'' [[Viktor von Tschusi zu Schmidhoffen|Tschusi]], 1901 &ndash; the Atlantic [[Macaronesia|Macaronesic]] islands (the [[Canary Islands]], [[Madeira]]), Iberia, northwest Africa
|''C. c. tschusii'' [[Conte Arrigoni degli Oddi|Arrigoni degli Oddi]], 1902 &ndash; Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily
|''C. c. volgensis'' [[Sergei Buturlin|Buturlin]], 1906 &ndash; southern Ukraine, southwestern Russia and northwestern Kazakhstan	
}}
}}

{{Species table/row
|name= Grey-crowned goldfinch|binomial=[[Carduelis caniceps]]
|image=File:Grey-crowned Goldfinch (Carduelis caniceps), Gilgit (53649993797).jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Vigors |authority-year=  1831  |authority=original
|range= Central Asia (3 & 4 on map below).
|range-image=File:Carduelis carduelis map.png
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Four subspecies |bullets=on
|''C. c. caniceps'' [[Nicholas Aylward Vigors|Vigors]], 1831 &ndash; southern central Asia (W Himalayas - Kashmir to Nepal and West Tibet)
|''C. c. paropanisi'' Kollibay, 1910 &ndash; Afghanistan to the western Himalaya and Tien Shan Mountains
|''C. c. subulata'' ([[C. L. Gloger|Gloger]], 1833) &ndash; south-central Siberia to Lake Baikal and Northwest Mongolia
|''C. c. ultima'' [[Walter Koelz|Koelz]], 1949 &ndash; southern Iran
}}
}}

{{Species table/row
|name= Citril finch|binomial=[[Carduelis citrinella]]
|image=File:Carduelis citrinella -Plateau de Beille, Ariege, Midi-Pyrenee, France-8 (1).jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Pallas|authority-year= 1764 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=  Europe from Spain to the Alps
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}

{{Species table/row
|name= Corsican finch|binomial=[[Carduelis corsicana]]
|image=File:Carduelis corsicana 218493924.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Koenig  |authority-year= 1899 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=  Corsica and on the Italian islands of Sardinia, Elba, Capraia and Gorgona 
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status=LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}

{{Species table/end}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
*[http://ibc.lynxeds.com/family/finches-crossbills-allies-fringillidae Carduelis videos, photos and sounds] on the Internet Bird Collection

{{Passeroidea|N.|state=collapsed}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q27757}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Carduelis| ]]
[[Category:Bird genera]]
[[Category:Birds of Europe]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Mathurin Jacques Brisson]]