Editing Carpenter bee

{{Short description|Common name for a genus of bees}}
{{About|large carpenter bees|small bees sometimes referred to as "small carpenter bees"|Ceratina}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| name=Carpenter bees
| image=Southern Carpenter Bee (Xylocopa micans) ♀ (7995162522).jpg
| image2=BumbleBee1.ogg
| image2_caption = Foraging female ''[[Xylocopa micans|X. micans]]'' and sounds emitted from a nest of ''[[Xylocopa pubescens|X. pubescens]]''
| taxon=Xylocopa
| display_parents=3
| authority=[[Pierre André Latreille|Latreille]], 1802
| type_species=''[[Xylocopa violacea]]''
| type_species_authority=[[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]]
| subdivision_ranks=Species
| subdivision=See text
}}

'''Carpenter bees''' are species in the genus '''''Xylocopa''''' of the subfamily [[Xylocopinae]]. The genus includes some 500 [[bee]]s in 31 subgenera.<ref>{{cite journal | url=https://archive.org/details/cladisticanalysi00minc/page/n0 | author=Minckley, R. L. | year=1998 | title=A cladistic analysis and classification of the subgenera and genera of the large carpenter bees, tribe Xylocopini (Hymenoptera: Apidae) | journal=Scientific Papers, Natural History Museum, University of Kansas | volume=9 | pages=1–47 | doi=10.5962/bhl.title.16168 | doi-access=free | hdl=1808/25427 | hdl-access=free }}</ref> The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant material such as dead wood or [[bamboo]]. The main exceptions are species in the subgenus ''[[Proxylocopa]]'', which dig nesting tunnels in suitable soil.

== Characteristics ==

Many species in this enormous genus are difficult to tell apart; most species are all black, or primarily black with some yellow or white pubescence. Some differ only in subtle morphological features, such as details of the male genitalia. Males of some species differ confusingly from the females, being covered in greenish-yellow fur. The confusion of species arises particularly in the [[common names]]; in India, for example, the common name for any all-black species of ''Xylocopa'' is ''bhanvra'' (or ''bhomora'' - ভোমোৰা - in [[Assamese language|Assamese]]), and reports and sightings of ''bhanvra'' or ''bhomora'' are commonly misattributed to a European species, ''[[Xylocopa violacea]]''; however, this species is found only in the northern regions of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]] and [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], and most reports of ''bhanvra'', especially elsewhere in India, refer to any of roughly 15 other common black ''Xylocopa'' species in the region, such as ''[[Xylocopa nasalis|X. nasalis]]'', ''[[Xylocopa tenuiscapa|X. tenuiscapa]]'', or ''[[Xylocopa tranquebarorum|X. tranquebarorum]]''.<ref>Gupta, R.K., Yanega, D. 2003. A taxonomic overview of the carpenter bees of the Indian region [Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Apidae, Xylocopinae, Xylocopini, ''Xylocopa'' Latreille]. pp. 79–100 in Gupta, R.K. (Ed.) Advancements in Insect Biodiversity. Agrobios, Jodhpur, India.</ref>

Non-professionals commonly confuse carpenter bees with [[bumblebees]];<ref name="DiscoverLife">{{cite web|url=http://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q?search=Xylocopa|title=Xylocopa Latreille Large Carpenter Bees|website=Discover Life|access-date=19 November 2014}} Sourced from Mitchell, T.B. (1962). ''Bees of the Eastern United States, Volume II''. North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station. Tech. Bul. No.152, 557 p.</ref> the simplest rule of thumb for telling them apart is that most carpenter bees have a shiny abdomen, whereas bumblebee abdomens are completely covered with dense hair. Males of some species of carpenter bees have a white or yellow face, unlike bumblebees, while females lack the bare [[Pollen basket|corbicula]] of bumblebees; the hind leg is entirely hairy.

The wing venation is characteristic; the marginal cell in the front wing is narrow and elongated, and its apex bends away from the [[costa (entomology)|costa]]. The front wing has small stigma. When closed, the bee's short mandibles conceal the [[labrum (arthropod mouthpart)|labrum]]. The [[Clypeus (arthropod anatomy)|clypeus]] is flat.<ref name="DiscoverLife"/> Males of many species have much larger eyes than the females, which relates to their mating behavior.

In the United States, two eastern species, ''[[Xylocopa virginica]]'' and ''[[Xylocopa micans|X. micans]]'', occur. Three more species are primarily western in distribution, ''[[Xylocopa sonorina|X. sonorina]]'', ''[[Xylocopa tabaniformis|X. tabaniformis orpifex]]'', and ''[[Xylocopa californica|X. californica]]''. ''X. virginica'' is by far the more widely distributed species.<ref name="entmuseum.ucr.edu">{{cite web | url=http://entmuseum.ucr.edu/bug_spotlight/posted%20Images-pages/34.htm | author=Yanega, D. | publisher=U.C. Riverside Entomology Research Museum | title=Carpenter Bees, Order Hymenoptera Family Apidae, Genus Xylocopa | access-date=2012-02-19 }}</ref>

== Behavior ==
[[File:Carpenter bee head and compound eyes.jpg|thumb|200px|Carpenter bees have large [[compound eyes]]. Their [[Mandible (insect mouthpart)|mandible]]s, when closed, cover the [[Labrum (arthropod mouthpart)|labrum]].]]
As a subfamily, they nest in a wide range of host plants, but any one species may show definite adaptations or preferences for particular groups of plants. Carpenter bees are traditionally considered solitary bees, though some species have simple social nests in which mothers and daughters may cohabit. Examples of this type of social nesting can be seen in the species ''[[Xylocopa sulcatipes]]''<ref name= Comparative>{{cite journal |last1=Gerling |first1=Dan |author2=Hurd, Paul David |author3=Hefetz, Abraham |year=1983 |title=Comparative behavioral biology of two Middle East species of carpenter bees (''Xylocopa'' Latreille) (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) |journal=Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology |volume=369 |pages=1–33 |hdl=10088/5359 |doi=10.5479/si.00810282.369 }}</ref> and ''[[Xylocopa nasalis]]''.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Gerling |first1=D |last2=Velthuis |first2=H H W |last3=Hefetz |first3=A |title=Bionomics of the large carpenter bees of the genus ''Xylocopa'' |journal=Annual Review of Entomology |date=1989 |volume=34 |issue=1 |pages=163–190 |doi=10.1146/annurev.en.34.010189.001115}}</ref> When females cohabit, a division of labor between them occurs sometimes. In this type of nesting, multiple females either share in the foraging and nest laying, or one female does all the foraging and nest laying, while the other females guard.<ref name=Comparative/>
{{Multiple image
| image1            = Carpenter-bee.JPG
| direction         = vertical
| image2            = Marvels of insect life; a popular account of structure and habit (1916) (14593767158).jpg
| footer            = Tunnel entrance, and [[Cross section (geometry)|cross-section]] of the [[brood chamber]]s of ''[[Xylocopa violacea|X. violacea]]''{{efn|Tunnels are excavated in wooden posts, divided into chambers which are provisioned, and an egg is laid in each; each cell initially contains a mass of pollen with the egg, on which the grub will feed; the [[pupa]] (lower left) is seen from back and front. Illustrated by Theo Carreras.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Step |first1=Edward |title=Marvels of insect life; a popular account of structure and habit |date=1915 |publisher=W. Briggs |isbn=978-0-665-76534-6 |page=39 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/127977#page/52/mode/1up |doi=10.5962/bhl.title.62864 }}</ref>}} }}
Solitary species differ from social species. Solitary bees tend to be gregarious and often several nests of solitary bees are near each other. In solitary nesting, the founding bee forages, builds cells, lays the eggs, and guards. Normally, only one generation of bees live in the nest.<ref name= Comparative/> ''[[Xylocopa pubescens]]'' is one carpenter bee species that can have both social and solitary nests.<ref name= Comparative/>
Carpenter bees make nests by tunneling into wood, bamboo, and similar hard plant material such as [[Peduncle (botany)|peduncles]], usually dead. They vibrate their bodies as they rasp their [[mandible (arthropod)|mandible]]s against [[hardwood]], each nest having a single entrance which may have many adjacent tunnels. The entrance is often a perfectly circular hole measuring about {{convert|16|mm|abbr=on}} on the underside of a beam, [[Bench (furniture)|bench]], or [[tree limb]]. Carpenter bees do not eat wood; they discard the bits of wood, or reuse particles to build partitions between cells. The tunnel functions as a nursery for brood and storage for the pollen/nectar upon which the brood subsists. The provision masses of some species are among the most complex in shape of any group of bees; whereas most bees fill their brood cells with a soupy mass and others form simple [[spheroid]]al pollen masses, ''Xylocopa'' species form elongated and carefully sculpted masses that have several projections which keep the bulk of the mass from coming into contact with the cell walls, sometimes resembling an irregular [[caltrop]]. The eggs are very large relative to the size of the female, and are some of the largest eggs among all insects.<ref>{{cite web |title=Chapter 40 — Largest Eggs |url=http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/walker/ufbir/chapters/chapter_40.shtml |author=Salvatore Vicidomini |publisher=[[University of Florida]] |date=February 9, 2005 |work=Book of Insect Records}}</ref> Carpenter bees can be timber pests, and cause substantial damage to wood if infestations go undetected for several years.<ref name="ZabelMorrell2012">{{cite book|author1=Robert A. Zabel|author2=Jeffrey J. Morrell|title=Wood Microbiology: Decay and Its Prevention|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y5KqLXeoi-wC|date=2 December 2012|publisher=Academic Press|isbn=978-0-323-13946-5}}</ref>

Two very different [[mating system]]s appear to be common in carpenter bees, and often this can be determined simply by examining specimens of the males of any given species. Species in which the males have large eyes are characterized by a mating system where the males either search for females by patrolling, or by hovering and waiting for passing females, which they then pursue. In the other mating system, the males often have very small heads, but a large, hypertrophied [[gland]]ular reservoir in the [[mesosoma]] releases [[pheromone]]s into the airstream behind the male while it flies or hovers. The pheromone advertises the presence of the male to females.<ref>{{ cite journal |author1=Minckley, R. L. |author2=Buchmann, S. L. |author3=Wcislo, W. T. | title=Bioassay evidence for a sex attractant pheromone in the large carpenter bee, ''Xylocopa varipuncta'' (Anthophoridae: Hymenoptera) | journal=Journal of Zoology | year=1991 | volume=224 | issue=2 | pages=285–291 | doi=10.1111/j.1469-7998.1991.tb04805.x }}</ref>

Male bees often are seen hovering near nests and will approach nearby animals. However, males are harmless, since they do not have a stinger.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://entomology.ca.uky.edu/ef611 | author=Potter, M. | publisher=University of Kentucky College of Agriculture, Department of Entomology | title=Carpenter Bees | access-date=2012-02-19 }}</ref> Female carpenter bees are capable of stinging, but they are docile and rarely sting unless caught in the hand or otherwise directly provoked.<ref name="entmuseum.ucr.edu"/>

=== Ecological significance ===
In several species, the females live alongside their own daughters or sisters, creating a small social group. They use wood bits to form partitions between the cells in the nest. A few species bore holes in wood dwellings, chewing out burrows with their robust mandibles. Since the tunnels are near the surface, structural damage is generally minor or superficial.<ref>{{cite web|last=Jones|first=Susan|title=Fact Sheet Carpenter Bees|url=http://ohioline.osu.edu/hyg-fact/2000/2074.html|publisher=Ohio State University Extension|access-date=23 July 2012}}</ref> However, carpenter bee nests are attractive to [[woodpecker]]s, which may do further damage by drilling into the wood to feed on the bees or larvae.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Why is a woodpecker knocking on the cedar shingles of my house and how do I make it stop?|url=https://extension.unh.edu/blog/why-woodpecker-knocking-cedar-shingles-my-house-and-how-do-i-make-it-stop|last=Erler|first=Emma|date=January 2, 2018|website=NH Extension}}</ref>
[[File:Xylocopa Caerulea.jpg|thumb|left|''[[Xylocopa caerulea]]'', the blue carpenter bee, engaged in [[nectar robbing]]]]
Carpenter bees have short mouthparts and are important [[pollinator]]s on some open-faced or shallow flowers; for some they even are obligate pollinators, for example the maypop (''[[Passiflora incarnata]]'') and ''[[Orphium]]'', which are not pollinated by any other insects. They also are important pollinators of flowers with various forms of lids, such as ''[[Salvia]]'' species and some members of the [[Fabaceae]]. However many carpenter bees "[[nectar robbing|rob]]" [[nectar]] by slitting the sides of flowers with deep [[Corolla (flower)|corollae]].  ''[[Eastern carpenter bee|Xylocopa virginica]]'' is one example of a species with such [[nectar robbing]] behavior.  With their short labia the bees cannot reach the nectar without piercing the long-tubed flowers; they miss contact with the anthers and perform no pollination. In some plants, this reduces fruit and seed production, while others have developed defense mechanisms against nectar robbing. When foraging for pollen from some species with tubular flowers however, the same species of carpenter bees still achieve pollination, if the anthers and stigmata are exposed together.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Keasar |first1=Tamar |title=Large carpenter bees as agricultural pollinators |journal=Psyche: A Journal of Entomology |date=2010 |volume=2010 |pages=1–7 |doi=10.1155/2010/927463|doi-access=free }}</ref>

Many [[Old World]] carpenter bees have a special pouch-like structure on the inside of their first [[metasoma]]l [[tergite]] called the [[acarinarium]] where certain [[mite]]s (''[[Dinogamasus]]'' species) reside as [[commensalism|commensals]] or symbionts. The exact nature of the relationship is not fully understood, though in other bees that carry mites, they are beneficial, feeding either on [[fungi]] in the nest, or on other harmful mites.

== Predators ==
[[Woodpeckers]] eat carpenter bees, being attracted to the noise of the bee larvae and drill holes along the tunnels to feed on them.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.birds.cornell.edu/wp_about/insects.html|title=Cornell Lab of Ornithology|work=cornell.edu|date=24 February 2023 }}</ref> Other species of birds also prey on these bees, such as [[shrike]]s and [[bee-eater]]s as well as some mammals such as [[Honey badger|ratel]]s. Other predators include large [[mantis]]es and predatory flies, particularly large robber-flies ([[Asilidae]]).

Apart from outright predators, [[parasitoid]]al species of [[Bombyliidae|bee flies]] (e.g. ''[[Xenox]]'') lay eggs in the entrance to the bee's nest and the fly maggots live off the bee larvae.

== Species ==
{{div col|colwidth=266px}}
* ''[[Xylocopa abbotti]]'' <small>(Cockerell, 1909)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa abbreviata]]'' <small>Hurd & Moure, 1963</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa acutipennis]]'' <small>Smith, 1854</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa adumbrata]]'' <small>Lieftinck, 1957</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa adusta]]'' <small>Pérez, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa aeneipennis]]'' <small>(DeGeer, 1773)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa aerata]]'' <small>(Smith, 1851)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa aestuans]]'' <small>([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]])</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa aethiopica]]'' <small>Pérez, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa africana]]'' <small>([[Johan Christian Fabricius|Fabricius]], 1781)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa albiceps]]'' <small>Fabricius, 1804</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa albifrons]]'' <small>Lepeletier, 1841</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa albinotum]]'' <small>Matsumura, 1926</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa alternata]]'' <small>Pérez, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa alticola]]'' <small>(Cockerell, 1919)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa amamensis]]'' <small>Sonan, 1934</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa amauroptera]]'' <small>Pérez, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa amazonica]]'' <small>Enderlein, 1913</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa amedaei]]'' <small>Lepeletier, 1841</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa amethystina]]'' <small>(Fabricius, 1793)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa andica]]'' <small>Enderlein, 1913</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa angulosa]]'' <small>Maa, 1954</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa anthophoroides]]'' <small>Smith, 1874</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa apicalis]]'' <small>Smith, 1854</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa appendiculata]]'' <small>Smith, 1852</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa artifex]]'' <small>Smith, 1874</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa aruana]]'' <small>Ritsema, 1876</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa assimilis]]'' <small>Ritsema, 1880</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa atamisquensis]]'' <small>Lucia & Abrahamovich, 2010</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa augusti]]'' <small>Lepeletier, 1841</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa auripennis]]'' <small>Lepeletier, 1841</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa aurorea]]'' <small>[[Heinrich Friese|Friese]], 1922</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa aurulenta]]'' <small>(Fabricius, 1804)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa bakeriana]]'' <small>(Cockerell, 1914)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa balteata]]'' <small>Maa, 1943</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa bambusae]]'' <small>Schrottky, 1902</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa bangkaensis]]'' <small>Friese, 1903</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa barbatella]]'' <small>Cockerell, 1931</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa bariwal]]'' <small>Maidl, 1912</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa basalis]]'' <small>Smith, 1854</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa bentoni]]'' <small>Cockerell, 1919</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa bequaerti]]'' <small>(Cockerell, 1930)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa bhowara]]'' <small>Maa, 1938</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa biangulata]]'' <small>Vachal, 1899</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa bicarinata]]'' <small>Alfken, 1932</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa bicristata]]'' <small>Maa, 1954</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa bilineata]]'' <small>Friese, 1914</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa bimaculata]]'' <small>Friese, 1903</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa binongkona]]'' <small>van der Vecht, 1953</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa bluethgeni]]'' <small>Dusmet y Alonso, 1924</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa bombiformis]]'' <small>Smith, 1874</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa bomboides]]'' <small>Smith, 1879</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa bombylans]]'' <small>(Fabricius, 1775)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa boops]]'' <small>Maidl, 1912</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa bouyssoui]]'' <small>Vachal, 1898</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa brasilianorum]]'' <small>([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1767)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa braunsi]]'' <small>Dusmet y Alonso, 1924</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa bruesi]]'' <small>Cockerell, 1914</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa bryorum]]'' <small>(Fabricius, 1775)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa buginesica]]'' <small>Vecht, 1953</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa buruana]]'' <small>Lieftinck, 1956</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa caerulea]]'' <small>(Fabricius, 1804)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa caffra]]'' <small>([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1767)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa calcarata]]'' <small>(LeVeque, 1928)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa calens]]'' <small>Lepeletier, 1841</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa californica]]'' <small>Cresson, 1864</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa caloptera]]'' <small>Pérez, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa canaria]]'' <small>(Cockerell & LeVeque, 1925)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa cantabrita]]'' <small>Lepeletier, 1841</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa capensis]]'' <small>Spinola, 1838</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa capitata]]'' <small>Smith, 1854</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa carbonaria]]'' <small>Smith, 1854</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa caribea]]'' <small>Lepeletier, 1841</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa caspari]]'' <small>van der Vecht, 1953</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa caviventris]]'' <small>Maidl, 1912</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa cearensis]]'' <small>Ducke, 1911</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa ceballosi]]'' <small>Dusmet y Alonso, 1924</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa celebensis]]'' <small>(Gribodo, 1894)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa chapini]]'' <small>(LeVeque, 1928)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa chinensis]]'' <small>Friese, 1911</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa chiyakensis]]'' <small>(Cockerell, 1908)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa chlorina]]'' <small>(Cockerell, 1915)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa chrysopoda]]'' <small>Schrottky, 1902</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa chrysoptera]]'' <small>Latreille, 1809</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa ciliata]]'' <small>Burmeister, 1876</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa citrina]]'' <small>Friese, 1909</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa clarionensis]]'' <small>Hurd, 1958</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa claripennis]]'' <small>Friese, 1922</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa cloti]]'' <small>Vachal, 1898</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa cockerelli]]'' <small>Maa, 1943</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa codinai]]'' <small>Dusmet y Alonso, 1924</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa colona]]'' <small>Lepeletier, 1841</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa columbiensis]]'' <small>Pérez, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa combinata]]'' <small>Ritsema, 1876</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa combusta]]'' <small>Smith, 1854</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa concolorata]]'' <small>Maa, 1938</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa conradsiana]]'' <small>Friese, 1911</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa coracina]]'' <small>van der Vecht, 1953</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa cornigera]]'' <small>Friese, 1909</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa coronata]]'' <small>Smith, 1861</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa cribrata]]'' <small>Pérez, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa cubaecola]]'' <small>Lucas, 1857</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa cuernosensis]]'' <small>(Cockerell, 1915)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa cyanea]]'' <small>Smith, 1874</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa cyanescens]]'' <small>Brullé, 1832</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa dalbertisi]]'' <small>Lieftinck, 1957</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa dapitanensis]]'' <small>(Cockerell, 1915)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa darwini]]'' <small>Cockerell, 1926</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa dejeanii]]'' <small>Lepeletier, 1841</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa dibongoana]]'' <small>Hedicke, 1923</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa dimidiata]]'' <small>Latreille, 1809</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa disconota]]'' <small>Friese, 1914</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa distinguenda]]'' <small>Pérez, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa ditypa]]'' <small>Vachal, 1898</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa diversipes]]'' <small>Smith, 1861</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa dolosa]]'' <small>Vachal, 1899</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa dormeyeri]]'' <small>(Enderlein, 1909)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa duala]]'' <small>Strand, 1921</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa electa]]'' <small>Smith, 1874</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa elegans]]'' <small>Hurd & Moure, 1963</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa erlangeri]]'' <small>Enderlein, 1903</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa erythrina]]'' <small>Gribodo, 1894</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa escalerai]]'' <small>Dusmet y Alonso, 1924</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa esica]]'' <small>Cameron, 1902</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa euchlora]]'' <small>Pérez, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa euxantha]]'' <small>Cockerell, 1933</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa eximia]]'' <small>Pérez, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa fabriciana]]'' <small>Moure, 1960</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa fallax]]'' <small>Maidl, 1912</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa fenestrata]]'' <small>(Fabricius, 1798)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa fervens]]'' <small>Lepeletier, 1841</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa fimbriata]]'' <small>Fabricius, 1804</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa flavicollis]]'' <small>(DeGeer, 1778)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa flavifrons]]'' <small>Matsumura, 1912</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa flavonigrescens]]'' <small>Smith, 1854</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa flavorufa]]'' <small>(DeGeer, 1778)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa forbesii]]'' <small>W. F. Kirby, 1883</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa forsiusi]]'' <small>Dusmet y Alonso, 1924</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa fortissima]]'' <small>Cockerell, 1930</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa fransseni]]'' <small>van der Vecht, 1953</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa friesiana]]'' <small>Maa, 1939</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa frontalis]]'' <small>(Olivier, 1789)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa fuliginata]]'' <small>Pérez, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa fulva]]'' <small>Friese, 1922</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa funesta]]'' <small>Maidl, 1912</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa fuscata]]'' <small>Smith, 1854</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa gabonica]]'' <small>(Gribodo, 1894)</small>
* {{extinct}}''[[Xylocopa gabrielae]]'' <small>Engel, 2001</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa ganglbaueri]]'' <small>Maidl, 1912</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa gaullei]]'' <small>Vachal, 1898</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa ghilianii]]'' <small>Gribodo, 1891</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa gracilis]]'' <small>Dusmet y Alonso, 1923</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa graueri]]'' <small>Maidl, 1912</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa gressitti]]'' <small>Lieftinck, 1957</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa gribodoi]]'' <small>Magretti, 1892</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa grisescens]]'' <small>Lepeletier, 1841</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa griswoldi]]'' <small>Mérida, Hinojosa-Díaz, & Ayala, 2022</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa grossa]]'' <small>(Drury, 1770)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa grubaueri]]'' <small>Friese, 1903</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa gualanensis]]'' <small>Cockerell, 1912</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa guatemalensis]]'' <small>Cockerell, 1912</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa guigliae]]'' <small>Lieftinck, 1957</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa haefligeri]]'' <small>Friese, 1909</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa haematospila]]'' <small>Moure, 1951</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa hafizii]]'' <small>Maa, 1938</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa hellenica]]'' <small>Spinola, 1843</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa hirsutissima]]'' <small>Maidl, 1912</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa hottentotta]]'' <small>Smith, 1854</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa hyalinipennis]]'' <small>Friese, 1922</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa ignescens]]'' <small>(LeVeque, 1928)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa imitator]]'' <small>Smith, 1854</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa incandescens]]'' <small>(Cockerell, 1932)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa incerta]]'' <small>Pérez, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa incompleta]]'' <small>Ritsema, 1880</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa inconspicua]]'' <small>Maa, 1937</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa inconstans]]'' <small>Smith, 1874</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa inquirenda]]'' <small>Vachal, 1899</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa insola]]'' <small>Vachal, 1910</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa insularis]]'' <small>Smith, 1857</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa io]]'' <small>Vachal, 1898</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa iranica]]'' <small>Maa, 1954</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa iridipennis]]'' <small>Lepeletier, 1841</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa iris]]'' <small>(Christ, 1791)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa isabelleae]]'' <small>Hurd, 1959</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa javana]]'' <small>Friese, 1914</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa kamerunensis]]'' <small>Vachal, 1899</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa karnyi]]'' <small>Maidl, 1912</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa kerri]]'' <small>(Cockerell, 1929)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa kuehni]]'' <small>Friese, 1903</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa lachnea]]'' <small>Moure, 1951</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa lanata]]'' <small>Smith, 1854</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa langi]]'' <small>(LeVeque, 1928)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa lateralis]]'' <small>Say, 1837</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa lateritia]]'' <small>Smith, 1854</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa laticeps]]''
* ''[[Xylocopa latipes]]'' <small>(Drury, 1773)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa lautipennis]]'' <small>(Cockerell, 1933)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa lehmanni]]'' <small>Friese, 1903</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa lepeletieri]]'' <small>Enderlein, 1903</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa leucocephala]]'' <small>Ritsema, 1876</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa leucothoracoides]]'' <small>Maidl, 1912</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa levequeae]]'' <small>Maa, 1943</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa lieftincki]]'' <small>Leys, 2000</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa lombokensis]]'' <small>Maidl, 1912</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa longespinosa]]'' <small>Enderlein, 1903</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa longula]]'' <small>Friese, 1922</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa loripes]]'' <small>Smith, 1874</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa lucbanensis]]'' <small>(Cockerell, 1927)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa lucida]]'' <small>Smith, 1874</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa lugubris]]'' <small>Gerstäcker, 1857</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa lundqvisti]]'' <small>Lieftinck, 1957</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa luteola]]'' <small>Lepeletier, 1841</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa macrops]]'' <small>Lepeletier, 1841</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa madida]]'' <small>Friese, 1925</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa madurensis]]'' <small>Friese, 1913</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa maesoi]]'' <small>Dusmet y Alonso, 1924</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa magnifica]]'' <small>(Cockerell, 1929)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa maidli]]'' <small>Maa, 1940</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa maior]]'' <small>Maidl, 1912</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa marginella]]'' <small>Lepeletier, 1841</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa mastrucata]]'' <small>Pérez, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa maya]]'' <small>Mérida, Hinojosa-Díaz, & Ayala, 2022</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa mazarredoi]]'' <small>Dusmet y Alonso, 1924</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa mcgregori]]'' <small>Cockerell, 1920</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa mckeani]]'' <small>(Cockerell, 1929)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa meadewaldoi]]'' <small>Hurd, 1959</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa mendozana]]'' <small>Enderlein, 1913</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa merceti]]'' <small>Dusmet y Alonso, 1924</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa metallica]]'' <small>Smith, 1874</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa mexicanorum]]'' <small>Cockerell, 1912</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa meyeri]]'' <small>Dusmet y Alonso, 1924</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa micans]]'' <small>Lepeletier, 1841</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa micheneri]]'' <small>Hurd, 1978</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa mimetica]]'' <small>Cockerell, 1915</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa minor]]'' <small>Maidl, 1912</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa mirabilis]]'' <small>Hurd & Moure, 1963</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa mixta]]'' <small>Radoszkowski, 1881</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa modesta]]'' <small>Smith, 1854</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa mohnikei]]'' <small>Cockerell, 1907</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa montana]]'' <small>Enderlein, 1903</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa mordax]]'' <small>Smith, 1874</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa morotaiana]]'' <small>Lieftinck, 1956</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa muscaria]]'' <small>(Fabricius, 1775)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa myops]]'' <small>Ritsema, 1876</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa nasalis]]'' <small>Westwood, 1842</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa nasica]]'' <small>Pérez, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa nautlana]]'' <small>Cockerell, 1904</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa negligenda]]'' <small>Maa, 1939</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa nigrella]]'' <small>Hurd, 1959</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa nigrescens]]'' <small>Friese, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa nigricans]]'' <small>Vachal, 1910</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa nigricaula]]'' <small>(LeVeque, 1928)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa nigripes]]'' <small>Friese, 1915</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa nigrita]]'' <small>(Fabricius, 1775)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa nigrocaerulea]]'' <small>Smith, 1874</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa nigrocaudata]]'' <small>Pérez, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa nigrocincta]]'' <small>Smith, 1854</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa nigroclypeata]]'' <small>Rayment, 1935</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa nigroplagiata]]'' <small>Ritsema, 1876</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa nigrotarsata]]'' <small>Maa, 1938</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa nobilis]]'' <small>Smith, 1859</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa nogueirai]]'' <small>Hurd & Moure, 1960</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa nyassica]]'' <small>Enderlein, 1903</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa oblonga]]'' <small>Smith, 1874</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa obscurata]]'' <small>Smith, 1854</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa obscuritarsis]]'' <small>Friese, 1922</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa occipitalis]]'' <small>Pérez, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa ocellaris]]'' <small>Pérez, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa ocularis]]'' <small>Pérez, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa ogasawarensis]]'' <small>Matsumura, 1932</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa olivacea]]'' <small>(Fabricius, 1778)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa ordinaria]]'' <small>Smith, 1874</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa ornata]]'' <small>Smith, 1874</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa orthogonaspis]]'' <small>Moure, 2003</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa orthosiphonis]]'' <small>(Cockerell, 1908)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa pallidiscopa]]'' <small>Hurd, 1961</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa parvula]]'' <small>Rayment, 1935</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa perforator]]'' <small>Smith, 1861</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa perkinsi]]'' <small>Cameron, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa perpunctata]]'' <small>(LeVeque, 1928)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa peruana]]'' <small>Pérez, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa perversa]]'' <small>Wiedemann, 1824</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa pervirescens]]'' <small>Cockerell, 1931</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa phalothorax]]'' <small>Lepeletier, 1841</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa philippinensis]]'' <small>Smith, 1854</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa pilosa]]'' <small>Friese, 1922</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa plagioxantha]]'' <small>Lieftinck, 1964</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa praeusta]]'' <small>Smith, 1854</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa prashadi]]'' <small>Maa, 1938</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa preussi]]'' <small>Enderlein, 1903</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa provida]]'' <small>Smith, 1863</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa proximata]]'' <small>Maa, 1938</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa pseudoleucothorax]]'' <small>Maidl, 1912</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa pseudoviolacea]]'' <small>Popov, 1947</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa pubescens]]'' <small>Spinola, 1838</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa pulchra]]'' <small>Smith, 1874</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa punctifrons]]'' <small>Cockerell, 1917</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa punctigena]]'' <small>Maa, 1938</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa punctilabris]]'' <small>Morawitz, 1894</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa pusulata]]'' <small>Vachal, 1910</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa ramakrishnai]]'' <small>Maa, 1938</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa rejecta]]'' <small>Vachal, 1910</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa remota]]'' <small>Maa, 1938</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa rogenhoferi]]'' <small>Friese, 1900</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa romeroi]]'' <small>Villamizar, Fernández, & Vivallo, 2020</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa rotundiceps]]'' <small>Smith, 1874</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa ruficeps]]'' <small>Friese, 1910</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa ruficollis]]'' <small>Hurd & Moure, 1963</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa ruficornis]]'' <small>Fabricius, 1804</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa rufidorsum]]'' <small>Enderlein, 1913</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa rufipes]]'' <small>Smith, 1852</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa rufitarsis]]'' <small>Lepeletier, 1841</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa rutilans]]'' <small>Lieftinck, 1957</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa samarensis]]'' <small>(Cockerell & LeVeque, 1925)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa sarawatica]]'' <small>Engel, 2017</small><ref>{{cite journal | last1=Engel | first1=M.S. | last2=Alqarni | first2=A.S. | last3=Shebl | first3=M.A. | last4=Iqbal | first4=J. | last5=Hinojosa-Diaz | first5=I.A. | year=2017 | title=A new species of the carpenter bee genus ''Xylocopa'' from the Sarawat Mountains in southwestern Saudi Arabia (Hymenoptera: Apidae) | url=https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/21150/ | journal=ZooKeys | issue=716 | pages=29–41 | doi= 10.3897/zookeys.716.21150| pmid=29290706 | pmc=5740427 | doi-access=free }}</ref>
* ''[[Xylocopa schoana]]'' <small>Enderlein, 1903</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa scioensis]]'' <small>Gribodo, 1884</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa senex]]'' <small>Friese, 1909</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa senior]]'' <small>Vachal, 1899</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa shelfordi]]'' <small>Cameron, 1902</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa sicheli]]'' <small>Vachal, 1898</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa signata]]'' <small>Morawitz, 1875</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa similis]]'' <small>Smith, 1874</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa simillima]]'' <small>Smith, 1854</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa sinensis]]'' <small>(Wu, 1983)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa sinensis]]'' <small>Smith, 1854</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa smithii]]'' <small>Ritsema, 1876</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa sogdiana]]'' <small>Popov & Ponomareva, 1961</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa somalica]]'' <small>Magretti, 1895</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa sonorina]]'' <small>[[Frederick Smith (entomologist)|Smith]], 1874</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa sphinx]]'' <small>Vachal, 1899</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa splendidula]]'' <small>Lepeletier, 1841</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa stadelmanni]]'' <small>Vachal, 1899</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa stanleyi]]'' <small>(LeVeque, 1928)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa steindachneri]]'' <small>Maidl, 1912</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa strandi]]'' <small>Dusmet y Alonso, 1924</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa subcombusta]]'' <small>(LeVeque, 1928)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa subcyanea]]'' <small>Pérez, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa subjuncta]]'' <small>Vachal, 1898</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa subvirescens]]'' <small>Cresson, 1879</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa subvolatilis]]'' <small>(Cockerell, 1918)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa subzonata]]'' <small>Moure, 1949</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa sulcatipes]]'' <small>Maa, 1970</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa sulcifrons]]'' <small>Pérez, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa suspecta]]'' <small>Moure & Camargo, 1988</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa suspiciosa]]'' <small>Vachal, 1899</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa sycophanta]]'' <small>Pérez, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa tabaniformis]]'' <small>Smith, 1854</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa tacanensis]]'' <small>Moure, 1949</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa tambelanensis]]'' <small>(Cockerell, 1926)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa tanganyikae]]'' <small>Strand, 1911</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa tayabanica]]'' <small>Cockerell, 1930</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa tegulata]]'' <small>Friese, 1911</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa tenkeana]]'' <small>Cockerell, 1933</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa tenuata]]'' <small>Smith, 1874</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa tenuiscapa]]'' <small>Westwood, 1840</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa teredo]]'' <small>Guilding, 1825</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa tesselata]]'' <small>Maa, 1970</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa thoracica]]'' <small>Friese, 1903</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa togoensis]]'' <small>Enderlein, 1903</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa torrida]]'' <small>(Westwood, 1838)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa tranquebarica]]'' <small>(Fabricius, 1804)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa tranquebarorum]]'' <small>(Swederus, 1787)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa transitoria]]'' <small>Pérez, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa tricolor]]'' <small>Ritsema, 1876</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa trifasciata]]'' <small>Gribodo, 1891</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa trochanterica]]'' <small>Vachal, 1910</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa truxali]]'' <small>Hurd & Moure, 1963</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa tumida]]'' <small>Friese, 1903</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa tumorifera]]'' <small>Lieftinck, 1957</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa turanica]]'' <small>Morawitz, 1875</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa uclesiensis]]'' <small>Pérez, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa unicolor]]'' <small>Smith, 1861</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa ustulata]]'' <small>Smith, 1854</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa vachali]]'' <small>Pérez, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa valga]]'' <small>Gerstäcker, 1872</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa varentzowi]]'' <small>Morawitz, 1895</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa varians]]'' <small>Smith, 1874</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa varipes]]'' <small>Smith, 1854</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa velutina]]'' <small>Lieftinck, 1957</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa vestita]]'' <small>Hurd & Moure, 1963</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa villosa]]'' <small>Friese, 1909</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa violacea]]'' <small>([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]])</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa virginica]]'' <small>([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1771)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa viridigastra]]'' <small>Lepeletier, 1841</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa viridis]]'' <small>Smith, 1854</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa vittata]]'' <small>Enderlein, 1903</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa vogtiana]]'' <small>Enderlein, 1913</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa volatilis]]'' <small>Smith, 1861</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa vulpina]]'' <small>Alfken, 1930</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa waterhousei]]'' <small>Leys, 2000</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa watmoughi]]'' <small>Eardley, 1983</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa wellmani]]'' <small>Cockerell, 1906</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa wilmattae]]'' <small>Cockerell, 1912</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa xanti]]'' <small>Mocsáry, 1883</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa yunnanensis]]'' <small>Wu, 1982</small>
'''Subgenus ''Proxylocopa'''''
* ''[[Xylocopa altaica]]'' <small>(Popov, 1947)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa andarabana]]'' <small>Hedicke, 1938</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa hedickei]]''<ref name="Replacement"/>
* ''[[Xylocopa mongolicus]]'' <small>(Wu, 1983)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa nitidiventris]]'' <small>Smith, 1878</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa nix]]'' <small>(Maa, 1954)</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa olivieri]]'' <small>Lepeletier, 1841</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa parviceps]]'' <small>Morawitz, 1895</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa przewalskyi]]'' <small>Morawitz, 1886</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa rufa]]'' <small>Friese, 1901</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa versicolor]]'' <small>Alfken, 1930</small>
* ''[[Xylocopa wui]]''<ref name="Replacement">{{cite journal |last1=Özdikmen |first1=Hüseyin |title=TWO REPLACEMENT NAMES FOR THE PREOCCUPIED SPECIFIC EPITHETS IN THE GENUS XYLOCOPA LATREILLE, 1802 (HYMENOPTERA: APIDAE) |journal=Munis Entomology and Zoology |date=September 2010 |volume=5(supl.) |page=1183-1184 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342513233_TWO_REPLACEMENT_NAMES_FOR_THE_PREOCCUPIED_SPECIFIC_EPITHETS_IN_THE_GENUS_XYLOCOPA_LATREILLE_1802_HYMENOPTERA_APIDAE |access-date=17 May 2025}}</ref>
* ''[[Xylocopa zonata]]'' <small>Alfken, 1930</small>
{{div col end}}

==Gallery==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="160" style="font-size:100%; line-height:130%">
Xylocopa (Biluna) tranquebarorum flapping.webm|''[[Xylocopa tranquebarorum|X. tranquebarorum]]'' flight in slow motion
Xylocopa caffra female, Anthophoridae, at Orphium fruitescens.jpg|''[[Xylocopa caffra]]'' female foraging
Carpenter bee uploaded by vijayanRajapuram.jpg|Carpenter bee at [[Kanhangad]]
Xylocopa Latreille.jpg|Yellow-banded Carpenter bee on ''[[Celosia]]'', [[Albay]]
Carpenter bee on Abelia flowers.webm|A carpenter bee on [[abelia]] flowers, Tokyo
CarpenderBeeHovering 1 prob4 63.webm|thumbtime=10|Large eyed male [[Xylocopa tabaniformis|mountain carpenter bee]] [[Hover (behaviour)|hovering]]
Carpenter bee.jpg|''[[Xylocopa virginica]]'' in the United States
</gallery>

== References ==
{{Notelist}}
{{Reflist|2}}

== External links ==
*{{Commons category-inline|Xylocopa}}
*[http://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q?guide=Xylocopa United States ''Xylocopa'' Identification Guide]
*[http://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q?search=Xylocopa List of Species]
*[http://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20m?kind=Xylocopa_ Worldwide Species Map]
* [http://johnbokma.com/mexit/2006/12/31/the-tame-carpenter-bee.html Close-up photos of a carpenter bee] – taken near the town of [[Chavarillo]], [[Veracruz]], [[Mexico]]
*[http://entomology.ifas.ufl.edu/creatures/misc/bees/xylocopa.htm Carpenter bees, ''Xylocopa'' spp.] on the [[University of Florida|UF]] / [[Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences|IFAS]] Featured Creatures Web site

{{Taxonbar|from1=Q1165550|from2=Q11094578}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Xylocopinae]]
<!-- [[Category:Pollinator Hymenoptera]] "category:Bees" is already listed here -->
[[Category:Articles containing video clips]]
[[Category:Xylocopa]]
[[Category:Apoidea genera]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Pierre André Latreille]]