Editing Centaurium

{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants in the gentian family Gentianaceae}}
{{For|the taxon described by Haller|Rhaponticum}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Centaurium erythraea (plant).jpg
|image_caption = ''[[Centaurium erythraea]]''
|display_parents = 2
|taxon = Centaurium
|authority = [[John Hill (botanist)|Hill]], 1756
|synonyms_ref = <ref name="POWO" />
|synonyms = {{Species list
 | Centaurella | Delarbre (1800)
 | Erythraea | Reneaulme ex Borkh. (1796)
 | Gonipia | Raf. (1837)
 | Hippocentaurea | Schult. (1814)
 | Libadion | Bubani (1897)
 | Monodiella | Maire (1943)
 | Xanthaea | Rchb. (1841)
}}
}}

'''''Centaurium''''' ('''centaury''') is a [[genus]] of 20 [[species]] in the [[gentian]] family ([[Gentianaceae]]), tribe [[Chironieae]], subtribe [[Chironiinae]]. The genus was named after the [[centaur]] [[Chiron]], famed in [[Greek mythology]] for his skill in [[medicinal herbs]]. It is distributed across Europe and Asia.

Until 2004, ''Centaurium'' was given a much wider circumscription, comprising about 50 species ranging across Europe, Asia, the Americas, Australasia, and the Pacific. However this circumscription was [[polyphyletic]], so in 2004 the genus was split into four, being ''Centaurium'' [[sensu stricto]], ''[[Zeltnera]]'', ''[[Gyrandra]]'' , and ''[[Schenkia]]''.<ref>{{cite journal | doi = 10.2307/4135447 | author = Mansion, Guilhem | s2cid = 85265968 | year = 2004 | title = A new classification of the polyphyletic genus ''Centaurium'' Hill (Chironiinae, Gentianaceae): description of the New World endemic ''Zeltnera'', and reinstatement of ''Gyrandra'' Griseb. and ''Schenkia'' Griseb. | journal = [[Taxon (journal)|Taxon]] | volume = 53 | issue = 3 | pages = 719–740 | jstor = 4135447}}</ref>

==Species==
According to [[Plants of the World Online]] there are 24 species of ''Centaurium''.<ref name="POWO">{{cite POWO |id=30015106-2 |title=''Centaurium'' Hill |access-date=7 September 2024}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=21em}}
{{Linked species list
| Centaurium ameghinoi | (Speg.) Druce
| Centaurium barrelieroides | Pau
| Centaurium bianoris | (Sennen) Sennen
| Centaurium cachanlahuen | (Molina) B.L.Rob.
| Centaurium capense | C.R.Broome
| Centaurium centaurioides | (Roxb.) S.R.Rao & Hemadri
| Centaurium chloodes | (Brot.) Samp.
| Centaurium cochinchinense | (Spreng.) Druce
| Centaurium compar | (R.Br.) Druce
| Centaurium erythraea | Rafn
| Centaurium favargeri | Zeltner
| Centaurium flexuosum | (Maire) J.-P.Lebrun & Marais
| Centaurium littorale | (Turner) Gilmour
| Centaurium mairei | Zeltner
| Centaurium malzacianum | Maire
| Centaurium maritimum | (L.) Fritsch
| Centaurium minutissimum | Maire
| Centaurium portense | (Brot.) Butcher
| Centaurium pulchellum | (Sw.) Hayek ex Hand.-Mazz., Stadlm., Janch. & Faltis
| Centaurium quadrifolium | (L.) G.López & C.E.Jarvis
| Centaurium rigualii | Esteve
| Centaurium scilloides | (L.f.) Samp.
| Centaurium serpentinicola | Carlström
| Centaurium tenuiflorum | (Hoffmanns. & Link) Fritsch
}}
{{div col end}}

==See also==
* ''[[Zeltnera calycosa]]'' - formerly ''C.&nbsp;calycosum''
* ''[[Zeltnera davyi]]'' - formerly ''C.&nbsp;davyi''
* ''[[Zeltnera exaltata]]'' - formerly ''C.&nbsp;exaltatum''
* ''[[Zeltnera muehlenbergii]]'' - formerly ''C.&nbsp;muehlenbergii''
* ''[[Zeltnera namatophila]]'' - formerly ''C.&nbsp;namophila''
* ''[[Zeltnera venusta]]'' - formerly ''C.&nbsp;venustum''

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20131220101229/http://gentian.rutgers.edu/ Gentian Research Network]

{{Taxonbar|from=Q157703}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Centaurium| ]]
[[Category:Gentianaceae genera]]
[[Category:Flora of Europe]]