Editing Chang-Lin Tien

{{short description|Chinese-American academic (1935–2002)}}
{{Western name order|Tien Chang-Lin}}
{{Use American English|date=July 2022}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Chang-Lin Tien
| honorific_suffix    = {{post-nominals|country=HKG|GBM}}
| native_name         = {{nobold|田長霖}}
| native_name_lang    = zh-hant
| image               = Chang-Lin Tien (photograph by John Blaustein).jpg
| image_size          = frameless
| order               = 7th
| title               = Chancellor of the [[University of California, Berkeley]]
| term_start          = 1990
| term_end            = 1997
| predecessor         = [[Ira Michael Heyman]]
| successor           = [[Robert M. Berdahl]]
| birth_date          = {{Birth date|1935|07|24}}
| birth_place         = [[Wuhan]], [[Hubei]], [[Republic of China (1912–49)|Republic of China]]
| death_date          = {{Death date and age|2002|10|29|1935|07|24}}
| death_place         = [[Redwood City, California]], U.S.
| spouse              = Di-Hwa Liu ({{lang|zh-hant|劉棣華}})
| children            = 3
| module              = {{Infobox scientist | embed=yes
  | fields            = [[Mechanical engineering]]
  | workplaces        = [[University of California, Berkeley]]<br />[[University of California, Irvine]]
  | education         =
  | alma_mater        =
  | thesis_title      = Transport processes in two-phase turbulent flow
  | thesis_url        = https://www.proquest.com/docview/301878243/
  | thesis_year       = 1959
  | doctoral_advisor  =
  | academic_advisors =
  | doctoral_students = {{ plist |
* [[Gang Chen (engineer)|Gang Chen]]
}}
  | notable_students  =
  | known_for         =
  | influences        =
  | influenced        =
  | awards            =
  }}
| education           = {{ublist|[[National Taiwan University]] ([[B. S.|BS]])|[[University of Louisville]] ([[M. S.|MS]])|{{no wrap|[[Princeton University]] ([[M. A.|MA]], [[PhD]])}}}}
}}

'''Chang-Lin Tien''' {{post-nominals|country=HKG|GBM}} ({{zh |t = 田長霖|p = Tián Chánglín |first = t}}; July 24, 1935 – October 29, 2002) was a [[Taiwanese Americans|Taiwanese-American]] academic, [[mechanical engineering|mechanical engineer]], and university administrator. He was the seventh chancellor of the [[University of California, Berkeley]] (1990–1997), and in that capacity was the first person of Asian descent to head a major [[research university]] in the United States.<ref name="Gardner">{{cite book |last1=Gardner |first1=David Pierpont |title=Earning My Degree: Memoirs of an American University President |date=2005 |publisher=University of California Press |location=Berkeley |isbn=9780520931114 |page=240 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XRhZn_A9_7EC&pg=PA240 |access-date=December 5, 2021}}</ref>

==Biography==
===Early years===
Born in [[Huangpi]], [[Hubei]], [[Republic of China (1912–49)|China]], Tien and his family fled to [[Taiwan]] in 1949 at the end of the [[Chinese Civil War]]. He earned a [[Bachelor of Science|B.S.]] in [[mechanical engineering]] from the [[National Taiwan University]] in 1955 and went on to a fellowship at the [[University of Louisville]] in 1956, where he received a [[Master of Science]] in heat transfer in 1957. He then earned his [[Master of Arts|M.A.]] and [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D.]] degrees in mechanical engineering from [[Princeton University]] in 1959.<ref name="thesis-tien-1959">{{cite thesis |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/301878243/ |title=Transport processes in two-phase turbulent flow |date=1959 |publisher=[[Princeton University]] |type=Ph.D. |last=Tien |first=Chang-lin |id={{ProQuest|301878243 }}  |url-access=subscription  |oclc=8624934}}</ref>

===Career===
Tien joined UC Berkeley faculty as an assistant professor of mechanical engineering in 1959, and three years later, at the age of 26, became the youngest professor ever to be honored with UC Berkeley's Distinguished Teaching Award.<ref name=YangHT>{{cite journal |doi=10.1615/AnnualRevHeatTransfer.v14.40 |title=Memories of Chang-Lin Tien |last=Yang |first=Henry T.Y. |pages=9–11 |journal=Annual Review of Heat Transfer |year=2005 |volume=14 |number=40}}</ref> He was promoted to full professor in 1968 and served as the chair of the Department of Mechanical Engineering from 1974 to 1981. From 1983 to 1985, he served as vice chancellor of research. Tien spent his entire career at Berkeley, except for 1988–90 when he was executive vice-chancellor of [[UC Irvine]]. In 1999, Tien received the prestigious title of "[[University Professor]]".<ref name=":0" />

Tien was an expert in [[thermal science]] and researched on thermal radiation, thermal insulation, microscale thermal phenomena, fluid flow, phase-change energy transfer, heat pipes, reactor safety, cryogenics, and fire phenomena,<ref name=":0" /> authoring more than 300 research journal and monograph articles, 16 edited volumes, and one book.<ref>[http://tiencenter.berkeley.edu/ The Chang-Lin Tien Center for East Asian Studies]</ref> Up until 2005, his work was posthumously published in the ''Annual Review of Heat Transfer''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Annual Review of Heat Transfer |url=http://www.dl.begellhouse.com/references/5756967540dd1b03.html |website=Begell House |access-date=May 21, 2021}}</ref>

As chancellor, Tien was a leading supporter of [[affirmative action]]. After the [[Regents of the University of California|Regents]] banned the use of racial preferences in 1995 for university admissions, Tien launched the "Berkeley Pledge," an outreach program designed to recruit disadvantaged students from the state's public schools. Amid an 18% budget cut, Tien launched "The Promise of Berkeley – Campaign for the New Century", a fundraising drive that raised $1.44 billion.<ref name=":0" /> In December 1996, President [[Bill Clinton]] put him on the shortlist of candidates for [[United States Secretary of Energy]], but Tien was removed after the [[1996 United States campaign finance controversy|Chinese campaign finance scandal]] made headlines; the unsealed [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] file for Tien showed he had been investigated as a potential foreign agent as early as 1973, but no evidence ever was found to support this assumption.<ref name=DCal2012>{{cite news |url=https://dailycal.org/2012/10/29/tracking-uc-berkeleys-former-chancellor-chang-lin-tien |title=Tracking UC Berkeley's former chancellor Chang-Lin Tien |author=Karlamangla, Soumya |date=October 29, 2012 |newspaper=The Daily Californian |access-date=January 3, 2023}}</ref>

Known for his "Go Bears!" spirit, Tien was very popular with students, often showing up at student rallies and sporting events wearing his "Cal" baseball cap. He was commonly seen picking up trash in [[Sproul Plaza]], appearing in the library in the middle of the night during finals week, or checking up on students in the residence halls and classrooms.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=DCal2012/>

After stepping down from the chancellorship in 1997, Tien was appointed to the [[National Science Board]] and the National Commission on Mathematics and Science Teaching for the 21st Century in 1999.<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://clintonwhitehouse4.archives.gov/WH/New/APA/tien.html |title=Statement by the Press Secretary |date=July 29, 1999 |publisher=The White House, Office of the Press Secretary |access-date=January 3, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite press release |url=https://newsarchive.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/99legacy/8-23-1999.html |title=Former UC Berkeley Chancellor Chang-Lin Tien joins national panels on science and education policy |author=Sanders, Robert |date=August 23, 1999 |publisher=University of California, Berkeley Public Information Office |access-date=January 3, 2023}}</ref> He was diagnosed with brain cancer in 2000 and suffered a stroke during surgery to treat it, prompting his resignation in 2001.<ref name=DCal2012/>

Tien was a member of the [[National Academy of Engineering]], the [[Academia Sinica]] (in Taiwan), the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]], the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]], the [[American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics]], the [[American Society of Mechanical Engineers]], and the [[Chinese Academy of Sciences]] (in mainland China).

===Personal life===
During his residency in the United States, Tien became an American citizen.<ref name=":0" />

Shortly before instruction for the 1992–93 academic year started, a young woman named [[Rosebud Denovo]] was killed by police after she broke into [[University House, Berkeley|University House]], the chancellor's residence, during an apparent assassination attempt. Tien and his family were unharmed.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/08/26/us/police-kill-protester-at-berkeley-in-break-in-at-chancellor-s-home.html |title=Police Kill Protester at Berkeley in Break-in at Chancellor's Home |author=Gross, Jane |date=August 26, 1992 |newspaper=The New York Times |url-access=subscription |access-date=May 6, 2020}}</ref>

Tien died in [[Redwood City, California]] at the age of 67. A brain tumor had forced him into hospitalization two years earlier; while hospitalized, he suffered a stroke from which he never fully recovered. He was survived by his wife Di-Hwa; his son Norman Tien, currently [[Swire|Taikoo]] Professor of Engineering and Chair Professor of Microsystems Technology at  [[The University of Hong Kong|The University of Hong Kong (HKU)]], and Dean of Faculty of Engineering at HKU from June 2012 to May 2018;<ref>{{cite book
|chapter=N. C. Tien
|title=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering: People
|publisher=[[The University of Hong Kong]]
|date=September 20, 2021
}}</ref> and daughters Christine Tien, [[Stockton, California|Stockton]]'s former deputy city manager; and Dr. Phyllis Tien, a [[UC San Francisco]] physician.<ref name=":0">{{cite press release |title = Chang-Lin Tien, UC Berkeley chancellor from 1990–97 and an internationally known engineering scholar, dies at age 67 |url = https://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2002/10/tien.html |publisher = UC Berkeley |date = October 30, 2002 |access-date=December 30, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050513095822/http://www.coe.berkeley.edu/forefront/images/sp2003.pdf |archive-date=May 13, 2005 |title=Obituary – Chang-Lin Tien (1935–2002): a chancellor's extraordinary legacy |magazine=Forefront |publisher=College of Engineering, University of California at Berkeley |date=Spring 2003 |url=http://www.coe.berkeley.edu/forefront/images/sp2003.pdf |url-status=dead |pages=2–3}}</ref>

==Legacy==
[[File:C. V. Starr East Asian Library - University of California, Berkeley - DSC04883.JPG|thumb|right|The ''Tien Center for East Asian Studies'' is housed in the C.V. Starr East Asian Library at UC Berkeley (2013)]]
* Asteroid "Tienchanglin" (formerly #3643), discovered by the Zi Jin Mountain Observatory in China in 1978, was formally named for the former chancellor in 1999.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.berkeley.edu/news/berkeleyan/1999/1103/tien.html |title=Minor Planet Named After Major Campus Star |date=November 3, 1999 |newspaper=Berkeleyan |access-date=May 6, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=3643 |title=3643 Tienchanglin (1978 UN2) |publisher=Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology |website=JPL Small-Body Database Browser |access-date=May 6, 2020}}</ref>
* [[Oil tanker]] {{ship|M/T|Chang-Lin Tien}}<ref>{{IMO|9174220}}</ref> was christened in 2000 for the [[Chevron Corporation]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.berkeley.edu/news/berkeleyan/2000/02/02/chevron.html |title=Chevron Mega Tanker Chang-Lin Tien to Ply the Seas |date=February 2, 2000 |newspaper=Berkeleyan |access-date=May 6, 2020}}</ref> It was subsequently renamed to {{ship|M/T|Regulus Voyager}} after being sold to Space Shipping in 2003, then {{ship|M/T|Maran Regulus}} after being sold to Maran Tankers in 2014.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aukevisser.nl/supertankers/VLCC%20C/id1137.htm |title=Chang-Lin Tien |website=Auke Visser's International Super Tankers |access-date=May 6, 2020}}</ref>
* The ''Tien Center for East Asian Studies'' at UC Berkeley opened in 2008.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://berkeleyheritage.com/berkeley_landmarks/haviland.html|title=Berkeley Landmarks :: Haviland Hall & Tien Center|website=berkeleyheritage.com|access-date=March 3, 2018}}</ref>
{{clear}}
* Asian Pacific Fund's Chang-Lin Tien Award.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cite interview |url=http://www.asianweek.com/070497/interview.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19971016183327/http://www.asianweek.com/070497/interview.html |archive-date=October 16, 1997 |title=Time Out for Chancellor Tien |subject=Chang-Lin Tien |interviewer=Alethea Yip |date=July 4, 1997 |work=AsianWeek |url-status=dead}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-aca}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Ira Michael Heyman]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Chancellor of the [[University of California, Berkeley]]|years=1990–1997}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Robert M. Berdahl]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{UCBerkeley chancellors}}
{{Chinese Academy of Sciences}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tien, Chang-Lin}}
[[Category:1935 births]]
[[Category:2002 deaths]]
[[Category:Leaders of the University of California, Berkeley]]
[[Category:Chinese emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category:Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering]]
[[Category:Foreign members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:National Taiwan University alumni]]
[[Category:People from Wuhan]]
[[Category:Princeton University alumni]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Grand Bauhinia Medal]]
[[Category:American academics of Taiwanese descent]]
[[Category:UC Berkeley College of Engineering faculty]]
[[Category:University of Louisville alumni]]
[[Category:Members of Academia Sinica]]
[[Category:Educators from Hubei]]
[[Category:Scientists from Hubei]]
[[Category:Chinese Civil War refugees]]
[[Category:Taiwanese people from Hubei]]
[[Category:Foreign members of the Chinese Academy of Engineering]]
[[Category:20th-century American academics]]