Editing Chico Science

{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{For|the Filipino rock group|Chicosci}}
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{{Infobox musical artist
| name            = Chico Science
| image           = 2017-01-30 - Chico Science - 20 anos sem principal expoente do Manguebeat.jpg
| caption         = Chico Science in 1993. 
| image_size      = 285px
| birth_name      = Francisco de Assis França
| birth_date      = {{birth date|1966|03|13}}
| birth_place     = [[Olinda]], Pernambuco, Brazil
| death_date      = {{death date and age|mf=yes|1997|02|02|1966|03|13}}
| death_place     = [[Recife]], Pernambuco, Brazil
| origin          = [[Olinda]], Brazil
| instrument      = Voice
| genre           = [[Manguebeat]], [[post-punk]], [[brazilian rock]], [[punk rock]]
| occupation      = Singer, songwriter
| years_active    = 1980–1997
| label           = [[Sony Music]]
| associated_acts = [[:pt:Chico Science|Chico Science]], [[Nação Zumbi]]
| website         = 
}}
'''Francisco de Assis França''' (March 13, 1966 – February 2, 1997), better known as '''Chico Science''', was a Brazilian singer and composer and one of the founders of the [[manguebeat]] cultural movement. He died in a car accident in 1997 in [[Recife]], Pernambuco, at the age of 30.<ref name="cliquemusic">{{cite web|url=http://cliquemusic.uol.com.br/artistas/ver/chico-science|title=Chico Science|work=Cliquemusic|language=Portuguese|accessdate=March 28, 2010|archive-date=October 14, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091014072420/http://cliquemusic.uol.com.br/artistas/ver/chico-science|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Biography==
Francisco de Assis França was born in the [[Rio Doce, Olinda|Rio Doce]] neighbourhood of [[Olinda]], Pernambuco, in Brazil's [[Northeast Region, Brazil|Northeast Region]]. As a little boy he would sell crabs that he caught himself in the city's mangrove swamps.<ref name="renatol">{{cite web|url=http://www.recife.pe.gov.br/chicoscience|title=Biografia|last=L|first=Renato|work=Memorial Chico Science|publisher=Prefeitura da Cidade do Recife|language=Portuguese|accessdate=March 28, 2010}}</ref>

He became the lead singer and major creative driving force of the groundbreaking [[Mangue Bit]] band called [[Chico Science & Nação Zumbi]] (CSNZ). Influenced by such musicians as [[James Brown (musician)|James Brown]], [[Grandmaster Flash]] and [[Kurtis Blow]], their music cleverly fused [[rock and roll|rock]], [[funk]], and [[hip hop music|hip hop]] with [[maracatu]] and other traditional rhythms of Brazil's Northeast. World music critics found his music "original and distinctive of his region."<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/incoming/obituary-chico-science-1278220.html|title=Obituary: Chico Science|last=Sweeney|first=Philip|date=February 12, 1997|work=The Independent}}</ref> Chico had a powerful stage presence that was compared by some to that of [[Jimi Hendrix]].{{who|date=October 2012}}

Around 1991, Chico Science, along with singer [[Fred 04]] of the band [[Mundo Livre S/A]], founded the [[Mangue Bit]] cultural movement in response to dire economic and cultural stagnation in Recife and Olinda. CSNZ made their US debut at New York's Central Park [[Summerstage]] in 1995, opening for [[Gilberto Gil]], with whom he collaborated during the encore.  While in NY, they also performed additional shows at [[CBGB's]], SOB's and at [[Bryant Park]] as part of the JVC Jazz Festival, on a bill with the [[Ohio Players]].{{citation needed|date=March 2016}}

Chico Science & Nação Zumbi toured several times in Europe and brought massive attention to the new generation of Brazilian artists in the 1990s. With only two full albums released during his lifetime, 'Da Lama Ao Caos' ('From Mud To Chaos) and 'Afrociberdelia', his influence and vision became the foundation to a whole new generation of musicians in Brazil.{{citation needed|date=March 2016}} At the time of his death, ''[[The New York Times]]'' said he was "widely hailed as the future of Brazilian music."<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/02/05/arts/chico-science-30-brazilian-pop-music-star.html|title=Chico Science, 30, Brazilian Pop Music Star|last=Pareles|first=Jon|date=February 5, 1997|work=The New York Times}}</ref> The Governor of the Brazilian state of [[Pernambuco]] declared three days of mourning.<ref name=":0" />

In 1996, Chico Science contributed ''Maracatu Atômico'' along with [[Nação Zumbi]] to the AIDS-Benefit Album [[Red Hot + Rio]] produced by the [[Red Hot Organization]]. [[Nação Zumbi]] have continued to record and tour internationally after Chico's death.{{citation needed|date=March 2016}}

== Death ==
Chico Science died in a car accident on February 2, 1997. He lost control of his [[Fiat Uno]] and hit a side light post after another car cut him off. He was rescued alive but he did not survive his injuries.<ref name="chico_science_death">{{cite web|url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fol/cult/cu02022.htm|title=Chico Science Died in a Car Accident|work=UOL|language=English|accessdate=March 4, 2020}}</ref> He was buried on February 3 in Cemitério de Santo Amaro located in [[Recife]].<ref name="chico_science_buried">{{cite web|url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fol/cult/cu03021.htm|title=Chico Science é enterrado em Recife|work=Folha Online|language=Portuguese|accessdate=March 4, 2020}}</ref> 10 years after his death, his family was compensated by [[Fiat]] due to a failure in the seatbelt that could have saved his life.<ref name="chico_science_seatbelt_failure">{{cite web|url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/folha/cotidiano/ult95u131283.shtml|title=Dez anos após morte, família de Chico Science recebe indenização|work=Folha Online|language=portuguese|accessdate=December 10, 2021}}</ref>

==Legacy==
In 2008, Rolling Stone Brasil ranked Chico Science as the 16th greatest Brazilian artist in their list of the 100 greatest artists of all time in Brazilian music

==Discography==
*1994: ''[[Da lama ao caos]]''<ref name="dalamaaocaos">{{cite web|url={{Allmusic|class=album|id=r273512|pure_url=yes}}|title=Da lama ao caos|last=Snowder|first=Don|publisher=AllMusic|accessdate=March 28, 2010}}</ref>
*1996: ''Afrociberdelia''<ref name="afrociberdelia">{{cite web|url={{Allmusic|class=album|id=r273511|pure_url=yes}}|title=Afrociberdelia|last=Snowder|first=Don|publisher=AllMusic|accessdate=March 28, 2010}}</ref>
*1998: ''CSNZ'' (posthumous)<ref>{{cite web|url={{Allmusic|class=album|id=r515333|pure_url=yes}}|title=CSNZ|last=Snowder|first=Don|publisher=AllMusic|accessdate=March 28, 2010}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}
Sneed, P. M. (2019). The Coexistentialism of Chico Science and Brazil's Manguebeat. Latin American Research Review, 54(3), 651–664. DOI: http://doi.org/10.25222/larr.451

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*[https://www.youtube.com/evertonestevao Channel Chico Science]
*[http://www.recife.pe.gov.br/chicoscience/ Memorial Chico Science]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Science, Chico}}
[[Category:1966 births]]
[[Category:1997 deaths]]
[[Category:Brazilian rock musicians]]
[[Category:People from Olinda]]
[[Category:Road incident deaths in Brazil]]
[[Category:20th-century Brazilian male singers]]
[[Category:20th-century Brazilian singers]]
[[Category:Singers from Pernambuco]]