Editing Chuck Jones

{{Short description|American animator and filmmaker (1912–2002)}}
{{Similar names|Charles Jones (disambiguation){{!}}Charles Jones}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2023}}
{{Infobox person
| name               = Chuck Jones
| image              = Chuck Jones2 (cropped).jpg
| caption            = Jones in 1978
| birth_name         = Charles Martin Jones
| birth_date         = {{birth date|mf=yes|1912|9|21}}
| birth_place        = [[Spokane, Washington]], U.S.
| death_date         = {{death date and age|mf=yes|2002|2|22|1912|9|21}}
| death_place        = {{nowrap|[[Newport Beach, California]], U.S.}}
| children           = 1
| other_names        = Charles Jones<br>Charles M. Jones<br>{{cslist|M. Charl Jones}}
| alma_mater         = [[Chouinard Art Institute]]
| occupation         = {{cslist|Animator|painter|screenwriter|director|producer|voice actor}}
| years_active       = 1931–2001<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://achievement.org/achiever/chuck-jones/|title=Chuck Jones|website=Academy of Achievement|access-date=December 20, 2020|archive-date=January 19, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119053722/https://achievement.org/achiever/chuck-jones/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| employer           = {{ubl|[[Ub Iwerks Studio]] (1931–1933)|[[Walter Lantz Productions|Universal Cartoon Studios]] (1933)|[[Screen Gems]] (1933)<ref>{{cite web |title=In His Own Words: Chuck Jones on Warner Bros. {{!}} |url=https://cartoonresearch.com/index.php/in-his-own-words-chuck-jones-on-warner-brothers/ |website=cartoonresearch.com |access-date=July 21, 2022}}</ref>|[[Warner Bros. Cartoons|Leon Schlesinger Productions/Warner Bros. Cartoons]] (1933–1962)||[[Walt Disney Animation Studios|Walt Disney Productions]] (1953)|[[MGM Animation/Visual Arts|Sib Tower 12 Productions/MGM Animation/Visual Arts]] (1962–1970)|[[Chuck Jones Productions]] (1970-1997)|[[Warner Bros. Animation]] (1976–1997)}}
| spouse             = {{ubl|{{marriage|Dorothy Webster|1935|1978|end=died}}|{{marriage|Marian Dern|1981}}}}
| website            = {{URL|chuckjones.com}}
| notable_works      = {{cslist|''[[Looney Tunes]]''|''[[Merrie Melodies]]''|''[[Tom and Jerry]]''|''[[How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (TV special)|How the Grinch Stole Christmas!]]''}}
}}
'''Charles Martin Jones''' (September 21, 1912 – February 22, 2002) was an American [[animator]], painter, voice actor and filmmaker, best known for his work with [[Warner Bros. Cartoons]] on the ''[[Looney Tunes]]'' and ''[[Merrie Melodies]]'' series of shorts. He wrote, produced, and/or directed many classic [[animated cartoon]] shorts starring [[Bugs Bunny]], [[Daffy Duck]], [[Wile E. Coyote and the Road Runner]], [[Pepé Le Pew]], [[Marvin the Martian]], and [[Porky Pig]], among others.

Jones started his career in 1933 alongside [[Tex Avery]], [[Friz Freleng]], [[Bob Clampett]], and [[Robert McKimson]] at the [[Leon Schlesinger]] Production's [[Termite Terrace]] studio, the studio that made [[Warner Brothers]] cartoons, where they created and developed the Looney Tunes characters. During the [[Second World War]], Jones directed many of the ''[[Private Snafu]]'' (1943–1946) shorts which were shown to members of the [[United States military]]. After his career at Warner Bros. ended in 1962, Jones started [[MGM Animation/Visual Arts|Sib Tower 12 Productions]] and began producing cartoons for [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]], including a new series of [[Tom and Jerry: The Chuck Jones Collection|''Tom and Jerry'' shorts]] (1963–1967) as well as the television adaptations of [[Dr. Seuss]]'s ''[[How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (TV special)|How the Grinch Stole Christmas!]]'' (1966) and ''[[Horton Hears a Who! (TV special)|Horton Hears a Who!]]'' (1970). He later started his own studio, Chuck Jones Enterprises, where he directed and produced the film adaptation of [[Norton Juster]]'s ''[[The Phantom Tollbooth (film)|The Phantom Tollbooth]]'' (1970).

Jones's work along with the other animators was showcased in the documentary ''[[Bugs Bunny: Superstar]]'' (1975). Jones directed the first feature-length animated ''Looney Tunes'' compilation film, ''[[The Bugs Bunny/Road Runner Movie]]'' (1979). In 1990 he wrote his memoir, ''Chuck Amuck: The Life and Times of an Animated Cartoonist'', which was made into a documentary film, ''[[Chuck Amuck: The Movie|Chuck Amuck]]'' (1991). He was also profiled in the [[American Masters]] documentary ''[[Chuck Jones: Extremes & Inbetweens – A Life in Animation]]'' (2000) which aired on [[PBS]].

Two Warner Brothers cartoons that Jones directed, ''[[For Scent-imental Reasons]]'' and ''[[So Much for So Little]]'', won Academy Awards for [[Best Animated Short Film]], though at this time it was customary for the statuette to be given to a cartoon's producer, not the director. Jones did not receive a [[Best Animated Short Film]] Oscar of his own until winning for ''[[The Dot and the Line]]'' in 1966. [[Robin Williams]] later presented Jones with an [[Honorary Academy Award]] in 1996 for his work in the animation industry. Film historian [[Leonard Maltin]] has praised Jones's work at Warner Bros., MGM and Chuck Jones Enterprises. In [[Jerry Beck]]'s 1994 book ''[[The 50 Greatest Cartoons]]'', a group of animation professionals ranked ''[[What's Opera, Doc?]]'' (1957) as the greatest cartoon of all time, with ten of the entries being directed by Jones including ''[[Duck Amuck]]'' (1953), ''[[Duck Dodgers in the 24½th Century]]'' (1953), ''[[One Froggy Evening]]'' (1955), ''[[Rabbit of Seville]]'' (1950), and ''[[Rabbit Seasoning]]'' (1952).<ref>{{cite web|url= https://mubi.com/lists/the-50-greatest-cartoons-as-selected-by-1000-animation-professionals|title= THE 50 GREATEST CARTOONS — AS SELECTED BY 1,000 ANIMATION PROFESSIONALS|website= [[Mubi (streaming service)|Mubi]]|access-date= July 5, 2021|archive-date= February 12, 2021|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210212024102/https://mubi.com/lists/the-50-greatest-cartoons-as-selected-by-1000-animation-professionals|url-status= live}}</ref>

== Early life ==
Charles Martin Jones was born on September 21, 1912, in [[Spokane, Washington]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Condran |first=Ed |date=2020-04-15 |title=Family, friend reminisce about Chuck Jones, Spokane’s award-winning Looney Tunes illustrator |url=https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2020/apr/14/craig-kausen-reminisces-about-his-late-grandfather/ |access-date=2025-05-07 |website=Spokesman.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Chuck Jones Animation Connection / Cartoon Art / Cels (Cells) |url=https://www.animationconnection.com/artist/chuck-jones |access-date=2025-05-07 |website=www.animationconnection.com}}</ref> to Mabel McQuiddy (née Martin) (1882–1971) and Charles Adams Jones (1883–?).<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bZIv8NKfNKwC&q=%22Mabel+McQuiddy+Martin%22&pg=PA22|title=Chuck Jones: A Flurry of Drawings|author1=Hugh Kenner|author2=Chuck Jones|page=22|access-date=May 4, 2017|isbn=9780520087972|date=January 1, 1994|publisher=University of California Press }}</ref> When he was six months old, he moved with his parents and three siblings to [[Los Angeles, California]].<ref name=obit/>

In his autobiography, ''Chuck Amuck'', Jones credits his artistic bent to circumstances surrounding his father, who was an unsuccessful businessman in California in the 1920s. He recounted that his father would start every new business venture by purchasing new stationery and new pencils with the company name on them. When the business failed, his father would quietly turn the huge stacks of useless stationery and pencils over to his children, requiring them to use up all the material as fast as possible. The children drew frequently, owing to the abundance of high-quality paper and pencils. Later, in one art school class, the professor gravely informed the students that they each had 100,000 bad drawings in them that they must first get past before they could possibly draw anything worthwhile. Jones recounted years later that this pronouncement came as a great relief to him, as he was well past the 200,000 mark, having used up all that stationery. Jones and several of his siblings went on to artistic careers.<ref>Jones, Chuck (1989). ''Chuck Amuck : The Life and Times of an Animated Cartoonist'', New York: Farrar Straus & Giroux; {{ISBN|0-374-12348-9}}</ref><ref>Jones, Chuck (1996). ''Chuck Reducks: Drawing from the Fun Side of Life''. New York: Warner Books; {{ISBN|0-446-51893-X}}</ref>

During his artistic education, he worked part-time as a janitor. After graduating from [[Chouinard Art Institute]], Jones got a phone call from a friend named Fred Kopietz, who had been hired by the [[Ub Iwerks]] studio and offered him a job. He worked his way up in the animation industry, starting as a cel washer; "then I moved up to become a painter in black and white, some color. Then I went on to take animator's drawings and traced them onto the celluloid. Then I became what they call an in-betweener, which is the guy that does the drawing between the drawings the animator makes".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://achievement.org/autodoc/page/jon1int-3|title=Chuck Jones Interview – page 3 / 5 – Academy of Achievement|access-date=July 21, 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727215042/http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/page/jon1int-3 |archive-date=July 27, 2014}}</ref> While at Iwerks, he met a cel painter named Dorothy Webster, who later became his first wife.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Williams|first=Jasmin|date=May 7, 2009|title=Chuck Jones – Master Animator|journal=New York Post|page=34|via=Business Insights: Global}}</ref>

== Career ==
=== Warner Bros. Cartoons ===
{{See also|Chuck Jones filmography}}Jones joined [[Leon Schlesinger|Leon Schlesinger Productions]], the independent studio that produced ''[[Looney Tunes]]'' and ''[[Merrie Melodies]]'' for [[Warner Bros.]], in 1933 as an assistant animator. In 1935 he was promoted to animator and assigned to work with a new Schlesinger director, [[Tex Avery]]. There was no room for the new Avery unit in Schlesinger's small studio, so Avery, Jones, and fellow animators [[Bob Clampett]], [[Virgil Ross]], and [[Sidney Sutherland|Sid Sutherland]] were moved into a small adjacent building they dubbed "Termite Terrace". In 1937, Jones' old boss [[Ub Iwerks]] was subcontracted to produce several ''Looney Tunes'' shorts for Schleshinger, with Clampett and Jones brought in to assist him. Iwerks completed only two shorts before he left, with Clampett taking his position soon after.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Animator Breakdown: Bob Clampett's "Porky's Badtime Story" (1937) {{!}} |url=https://cartoonresearch.com/index.php/animator-breakdown-bob-clampetts-porkys-badtime-story-1937/ |access-date=2025-03-24 |website=cartoonresearch.com}}</ref> Jones worked alongside Clampett as an animator and an uncredited co-director (or "supervisor", the original title for an animation director in the studio) before becoming a main director himself in 1938 when [[Frank Tashlin]] left the studio,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Animator Breakdown: "Porky's Hero Agency" (1937) {{!}} |url=https://cartoonresearch.com/index.php/animator-breakdown-porkys-hero-agency-1937/ |access-date=2025-03-24 |website=cartoonresearch.com}}</ref> a position that was initially offered to animator [[Robert McKimson]]. The following year, Jones created his first major character, [[Sniffles (Merrie Melodies)|Sniffles]], a cute Disney-style mouse, who went on to star in twelve Warner Bros. cartoons.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sniffles |url=https://www.chuckjonescenter.org/characters/sniffles |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216201311/http://chuckjonescenter.org/characters/sniffles |archive-date=December 16, 2017 |access-date=December 16, 2017 |website=Chuck Jones Center}}</ref>

Jones initially struggled in with his directorial style in his formative years. Unlike the other directors in the studio, Jones wanted to make cartoons that would rival the quality and tone to that of ones made by [[Walt Disney Animation Studios|Walt Disney Productions]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chuck Jones {{!}} American animator {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Chuck-Jones |access-date=December 25, 2021 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> However, his cartoons suffered from sluggish pacing and confusing gags, with Jones himself later describing his early conception of timing and dialog to have been "formed by watching the action in the [[La Brea Tar Pits]]".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Jones |first=Chuck |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NJzAdheaSc0C&dq=Not+only+Bugs+suffered+at+my+hands,+but+difficult+as+it+is+to+make+an+unassertive+character+like+Elmer+Fudd+into+a+flat,+complete+schmuck,+I+managed.&pg=PA197 |title=Chuck Amuck: The Life and Times of an Animated Cartoonist |date=1999 |publisher=Macmillan |isbn=978-0-374-52620-7 |language=en}}</ref> Schlesinger and the studio heads were unsatisfied with his Disney-esque style and demanded him make cartoons that were more funny.<ref>Chuck Jones: Extremes and In-betweens - A Life in Animation (PBS 2000)</ref> Jones began to change of directorial style starting with the 1942 short ''[[The Draft Horse]]'', but the cartoon that was generally considered his true turning point was [[The Dover Boys at Pimento University or The Rivals of Roquefort Hall|''The Dover Boys'']] later that year. The short became highly-regarded in recent years for its quick-timed gags and extensive use of [[limited animation]]. Despite this, Schlesinger and the studios heads were still dissatisfied and begun the process to fire him, but they were unable to find a replacement due to a labor shortage stemming from [[World War II]], so Jones kept his position. 

He was actively involved in efforts to unionize the staff of [[Warner Bros. Cartoons|Leon Schlesinger Studios]]. He was responsible for recruiting animators, layout men, and background people. Almost all animators joined, in reaction to salary cuts imposed by [[Leon Schlesinger]]. The [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer cartoon studio]] had already signed a union contract, encouraging their counterparts under Schlesinger.<ref name="Sigall">Sigall (2005), pp. 59–61</ref> In a meeting with his staff, Schlesinger talked for a few minutes, then turned over the meeting to his attorney. His insulting manner had a unifying effect on the staff. Jones gave a pep talk at the union headquarters. As negotiations broke down, the staff decided to go on strike. Schlesinger locked them out of the studio for a few days, before agreeing to sign the contract.<ref name="Sigall"/> A Labor-Management Committee was formed and Jones served as a moderator. Because of his role as a supervisor in the studio, he could not himself join the union.<ref name="Sigall"/> 

[[File:The Outpost.ogv|thumb|left|thumbtime=1:59|''Outpost'', a Private Snafu cartoon directed by Chuck Jones in 1944]]
During [[World War II]], Jones worked closely with Theodor Geisel, better known as [[Dr. Seuss]], to create the ''[[Private Snafu]]'' series of Army educational cartoons (the character was created by director [[Frank Capra]]). Jones later collaborated with Seuss on animated adaptations of Seuss' books, including ''[[How the Grinch Stole Christmas!]]'' in 1966. Jones directed such shorts as ''[[The Weakly Reporter]]'', a 1944 short that related to shortages and rationing on the home front. During the same year, he directed [[UPA Animation|UPA]]'s second short subject ''[[Hell-Bent for Election]]'', a propaganda campaign film for [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]].<ref name="imdb">{{IMDb name|0005062|Chuck Jones}}</ref> 

Jones created characters through the late 1930s, late 1940s, and the 1950s, which include his collaborative help in co-developing [[Bugs Bunny]] and also included creating [[Claude Cat]], [[Marc Antony and Pussyfoot]], [[Charlie Dog]], [[Michigan J. Frog]], [[Gossamer (Looney Tunes)|Gossamer]], and his four most popular creations, [[Marvin the Martian]], [[Pepé Le Pew]], [[Wile E. Coyote and the Road Runner]]. Jones and writer [[Michael Maltese]] collaborated on the Road Runner cartoons, ''[[Duck Amuck]]'', ''[[One Froggy Evening]]'', and ''[[What's Opera, Doc?]]''. Other staff at Unit A whom Jones collaborated with include layout artist, background designer, and co-director [[Maurice Noble]]; animator and co-director [[Abe Levitow]]; and animators [[Ken Harris]] and [[Ben Washam]].

Jones remained at Warner Bros. throughout the 1950s, except for a brief period in 1953 when Warner closed the animation studio. During this interim, Jones found employment at [[Walt Disney Animation Studios|Walt Disney Productions]], where he teamed with [[Ward Kimball]] for a four-month period. According to Kimball, Jones expected to work at Disney at a higher salary rate then at Warner Bros., but was instead employed at the same salary despite numerous negotiations with [[Walt Disney]]. Furthermore, Jones was not given any directorial assignments but was instead assigned to assists Kimball on the film [[Sleeping Beauty (1959 film)|''Sleeping Beauty'']] (1959),<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Chuck Jones at Disney {{!}} |url=https://cartoonresearch.com/index.php/chuck-jones-at-disney/ |access-date=2025-03-24 |website=cartoonresearch.com}}</ref> which at the time was going through production delays. Upon Warner Bros. Cartoons reopening, Jones was rehired and reunited with most of his unit. Despite the unsatisfying tenure, Jones still holds the Disney studio to high regard, but later joked that the only job he wanted from Disney's was the position held by Walt.<ref name=":1" />

In the early 1960s, Jones and his wife Dorothy wrote the screenplay for the animated feature ''[[Gay Purr-ee]]''. The finished film featured the voices of [[Judy Garland]], [[Robert Goulet]] and [[Red Buttons]] as cats in Paris, France. The feature was produced by [[United Productions of America|UPA]] and directed by his former Warner Bros. collaborator, Abe Levitow. Jones moonlighted to work on the film since he had an exclusive contract with Warner Bros. UPA completed the film and made it available for distribution in 1962; it was picked up by Warner Bros. When Warner Bros. discovered that Jones had violated his exclusive contract with them, they terminated him.<ref name="endofstudio">Barrier, Michael (1999). ''Hollywood Cartoons''. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 562–563; {{ISBN|0-19-516729-5}}</ref> Jones's former animation unit was laid off after completing the final cartoon in their pipeline, ''[[The Iceman Ducketh]]'', and the rest of the Warner Bros. Cartoons studio was closed in early 1963.<ref name="endofstudio" />

=== MGM Animation/Visual Arts ===
With business partner Les Goldman, Jones started an independent animation studio, Sib Tower 12 Productions, and brought on most of his unit from Warner Bros., including Maurice Noble and Michael Maltese. In 1963, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer contracted with Sib Tower 12 to have Jones and his staff produce new ''[[Tom and Jerry]]'' cartoons as well as a television adaptation of all ''Tom and Jerry'' theatricals produced to that date. This included major editing, including writing out the African-American maid, [[Mammy Two-Shoes]], and replacing her with one of Irish descent voiced by [[June Foray]]. In 1964, Sib Tower 12 was absorbed by MGM and was renamed [[MGM Animation/Visual Arts]]. His animated short film, ''[[The Dot and the Line|The Dot and the Line: A Romance in Lower Mathematics]]'', won the 1965 [[Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film]]. Jones directed the classic animated short ''[[The Bear That Wasn't]]''.<ref name="imdb"/>

In 1966, he produced and directed the TV special ''[[How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (TV special)|How the Grinch Stole Christmas]]!'', featuring narration by [[Boris Karloff]].<ref name="j502">{{cite web | last=Jones | first=Brian Jay | title=How Dr. Seuss Stole Christmas | website=The Saturday Evening Post | date=December 12, 2019 | url=https://www.saturdayeveningpost.com/2019/12/how-doctor-seuss-stole-christmas/ | access-date=May 22, 2024}}</ref>

Jones continued to work on other TV specials such as ''[[Horton Hears a Who! (TV special)|Horton Hears a Who!]]'' (1970), but his main focus during this time was producing the feature film ''[[The Phantom Tollbooth (film)|The Phantom Tollbooth]]'', which did lukewarm business when [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer|MGM]] released it in 1970. Jones co-directed 1969's ''[[The Pogo Special Birthday Special]]'', based on the [[Walt Kelly]] comic strip, and voiced the characters of Porky Pine and Bun Rab. It was at this point that he decided to start ST Incorporated.<ref name="imdb"/>

=== Chuck Jones Enterprises ===
MGM closed the animation division in 1970, and Jones once again started his own studio, Chuck Jones Enterprises. He produced a Saturday morning children's TV series for the [[American Broadcasting Company]] called ''[[Curiosity Shop|The Curiosity Shop]]'' in 1971. In 1973, he produced an animated version of the [[George Selden (author)|George Selden]] book ''[[The Cricket in Times Square]]'' and subsequently produced two sequels.<ref name="imdb"/>

Three of his works during this period were animated TV adaptations of short stories from [[Rudyard Kipling]]'s ''[[The Jungle Book]]'': ''[[Mowgli's Brothers (TV special)|Mowgli's Brothers]]'', ''[[The White Seal]]'' and ''[[Rikki-Tikki-Tavi]]''. During this period, Jones began to experiment with more realistically designed characters, most of which had larger eyes, leaner bodies, and altered proportions, such as those of the ''Looney Tunes'' characters.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mark Twain inspired Chuck Jones to create this Looney Tunes character |url=https://www.metv.com/stories/mark-twain-inspired-chuck-jones-to-create-this-looney-tunes-character |access-date=March 4, 2022 |website=Me-TV Network |language=en}}</ref>
[[file:Chuck Jones.jpg|thumb|Jones in 1978]]

=== Return to Warner Bros. ===
Jones resumed working with Warner Bros. in 1976 with the animated TV adaptation of ''[[Bugs and Daffy's Carnival of the Animals|The Carnival of the Animals]]'' with Bugs Bunny and Daffy Duck. Jones also produced ''[[The Bugs Bunny/Road Runner Movie]]'' (1979), which was a compilation of Jones's best theatrical shorts, new Road Runner shorts for ''[[The Electric Company]]'' series and ''Bugs Bunny's Looney Christmas Tales'' (1979). New shorts were made for ''Bugs Bunny's Bustin' Out All Over'' (1980).<ref name="imdb"/>

From 1977 to 1978, Jones wrote and drew the newspaper comic strip ''Crawford'' (also known as ''Crawford & Morgan'') for the [[Tribune Media Services|Chicago Tribune-NY News Syndicate]]. In 2011 [[IDW Publishing]] collected Jones's strip as part of their Library of American Comic Strips.<ref name="lambiek.net">{{cite web |url=https://www.lambiek.net/artists/j/jones_chuck.htm |title=Chuck Jones &#124; Lambiek Comiclopedia |access-date=August 8, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821162408/https://www.lambiek.net/artists/j/jones_chuck.htm |archive-date=August 21, 2016 }}</ref>

In 1978, Jones's wife Dorothy died. He married Marian Dern, the writer of the comic strip ''[[Rick O'Shay]]'' in 1981.<ref name="lambiek.net"/>

== Jones–Avery letter ==
On December 11, 1975,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://lettersofnote.com/2009/10/21/unadulterated-hogwash/ |title=Unadulterated Hogwash |publisher=Letters of Note |date=October 21, 2009 |access-date=May 4, 2017 |archive-date=September 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200925141504/https://lettersofnote.com/2009/10/21/unadulterated-hogwash/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> shortly after the release of ''[[Bugs Bunny: Superstar]]'', which prominently featured [[Bob Clampett]], Jones wrote a letter to [[Tex Avery]], accusing Clampett of taking credit for ideas that were not his, and for characters created by other directors (notably Jones's Sniffles and [[Friz Freleng]]'s [[Yosemite Sam]]). Their correspondence was never published in the media. It was forwarded to [[Michael Barrier (historian)|Michael Barrier]], who conducted the interview with Clampett and was distributed by Jones to multiple people concerned with animation over the years.

== Later years ==
Through the 1980s and 1990s, Jones was painting cartoon and parody art, sold through animation galleries by his daughter's company, Linda Jones Enterprises.<ref name=obit>{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2002-feb-23-me-jones23-story.html|title=Chuck Jones, 89; Animation Pioneer|last=Martin|first=Hugo|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=February 23, 2002|access-date=April 22, 2014|archive-date=February 24, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224055535/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2002-feb-23-me-jones23-story.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Jones was the creative consultant and character designer for two [[Raggedy Ann]] animated specials and the first ''[[Alvin and the Chipmunks]]'' Christmas special ''[[A Chipmunk Christmas]]''. He made a cameo appearance in the film ''[[Gremlins]]'' (1984)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2012/05/21/gremlins-blu-ray-review|title=Gremlins Blu-ray Review|last=Shaffer|first=R. L.|work=[[IGN]]|date=May 21, 2012|access-date=April 22, 2014|archive-date=February 17, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210217135219/https://www.ign.com/articles/2012/05/21/gremlins-blu-ray-review|url-status=live}}</ref> and he wrote and directed the Bugs Bunny/Daffy Duck animated sequences that bookend its sequel ''[[Gremlins 2: The New Batch]]'' (1990).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/movies/videos/gremlins2thenewbatchpg13hinson_a0a978.htm|title=Gremlins 2: The New Batch|last=Hinson|first=Hal|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=June 15, 1990|access-date=April 22, 2014|archive-date=December 2, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171202035405/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/movies/videos/gremlins2thenewbatchpg13hinson_a0a978.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Jones directed animated sequences for various features such as a lengthy sequence in the film ''[[Stay Tuned (film)|Stay Tuned]]'' (1992)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.courant.com/news/connecticut/hc-xpm-1992-08-15-0000113682-story.html|title=No Need To 'Stay Tuned' To This One|last=Johnson|first=Malcolm|work=[[Hartford Courant]]|date=August 15, 1992|access-date=April 22, 2014|archive-date=October 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009231423/https://www.courant.com/news/connecticut/hc-xpm-1992-08-15-0000113682-story.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> and a shorter one seen at the start of the [[Robin Williams]] vehicle ''[[Mrs. Doubtfire]]'' (1993).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/02/28/AR2008022801310.html|title=Go Behind The Seams of 'Mrs. Doubtfire'|last=Fields|first=Curt|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=February 29, 2008|access-date=April 22, 2014|archive-date=July 31, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170731194548/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/02/28/AR2008022801310.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Also during the 1980s and 1990s, Jones served on the advisory board of the [[National Student Film Institute]].<ref>{{cite book|title=National Student Film Institute/L.A: The Sixteenth Annual Los Angeles Student Film Festival|date=June 10, 1994|location=The Directors Guild Theatre|pages=10–11|ref=Program}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Los Angeles Student Film Institute: 13th Annual Student Film Festival|date=June 7, 1991|location=The Directors Guild Theatre|page=3|ref=Program}}</ref>

Jones's final Looney Tunes cartoon was ''[[From Hare to Eternity]]'' (1997), which starred Bugs Bunny and [[Yosemite Sam]], with [[Greg Burson]] voicing Bugs. The cartoon was dedicated to [[Friz Freleng]], who had died in 1995. Jones's final animation project was a series of 13 shorts starring a timber wolf character he had designed in the 1960s named Thomas Timber Wolf. The series was released online by Warner Bros. in 2000.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-aug-17-ca-5778-story.html|title=Chuck Jones's Latest Creation Will Prowl the Web|last=Botwin|first=Michele|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=August 17, 2000|access-date=April 22, 2014|archive-date=February 24, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224035828/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-aug-17-ca-5778-story.html|url-status=live}}</ref> From 2001 until 2004, [[Cartoon Network]] aired ''The Chuck Jones Show'' which features shorts directed by him. The show won the [[Annie Award]] for Outstanding Achievement in an Animated Special Project.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://annieawards.org/29th-annie-awards|title=29th Annual Annies Winners(2001)|work=[[Annie Award]]|access-date=April 22, 2014|archive-date=January 2, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130102052242/http://annieawards.org/29th-annie-awards|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1997, Jones was awarded the [[Edward MacDowell Medal]].<ref>{{cite web |title=MacDowell Medal winners 1960–2011 |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/theatre/theatre-news/8447621/MacDowell-Medal-winners-1960-2011.html |website=[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]] |date=April 13, 2011 |access-date=December 6, 2019 |archive-date=December 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206223846/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/theatre/theatre-news/8447621/MacDowell-Medal-winners-1960-2011.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 1999, he founded the non-profit Chuck Jones Center for Creativity, in Costa Mesa, California, an art education "gymnasium for the brain" dedicated to teaching creative skills, primarily to children and seniors, which is still in operation.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chuckjonescenter.org/|title=Chuck Jones Center for Creativity|website=Chuck Jones Center for Creativity|access-date=May 27, 2019|archive-date=May 25, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190525010038/https://www.chuckjonescenter.org/|url-status=live}}</ref>

In his later years, he recovered from skin cancer and received hip and ankle replacements.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mayersoncreative.com/articles/falling_behind_with_the_joneses.html|access-date=April 18, 2020|quote=...&nbsp;He has persevered through skin cancer, a pacemaker, and hip and ankle replacements. This is a lot to have experienced&nbsp;...|title=Falling Behind with the Joneses|archive-date=November 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125013402/https://mayersoncreative.com/articles/falling_behind_with_the_joneses.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Death ===
Jones died of [[Heart failure|congestive heart failure]] on February 22, 2002, at his home in [[Corona del Mar, Newport Beach]] at the age of 89. He was [[Cremation|cremated]] and his ashes were scattered at sea.<ref name=obit/> After his death, [[Cartoon Network]] aired a 20-second segment tracing Jones's portrait with the words "We'll miss you". Also, the Looney Tunes cartoon ''Daffy Duck for President'', based on [[Daffy Duck for President|the book]] that Jones had written and using Jones's style for the characters, originally scheduled to be released in 2000,<ref>{{cite web|title=Bugs on Video – The 1960s|url=http://www.dohtem.com/bugs/1960s.htm#president|work=The Bugs Bunny Video Guide|access-date=April 27, 2013|archive-date=May 11, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140511001006/http://www.dohtem.com/bugs/1960s.htm#president|url-status=live}}</ref> was released in 2004 as part of disc three of the ''[[Looney Tunes Golden Collection: Volume 2]]'' DVD set.

== Legacy ==
[[File:So Much for So Little.webm|thumb|''[[So Much for So Little]]'', the 1949 Academy Award-winning short directed by Jones]]

=== Academy Awards ===

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!|Year
!|Award
!|Work
! Result
!| Ref.
|-
|1949
|[[Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film|Best Animated Short Film]]
|''[[Mouse Wreckers]]'' || {{nominated}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-03-24 |title=The 21st Academy Awards {{!}} 1949 |url=https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1949 |access-date=2025-03-24 |website=www.oscars.org |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |1950
|[[Academy Award for Best Documentary Short Film|Best Documentary Short Film]]
|''[[So Much for So Little]]'' || {{won}}
| rowspan="2" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-10-03 |title=The 22nd Academy Awards {{!}} 1950 |url=https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1950 |access-date=2025-03-24 |website=www.oscars.org |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="7" |[[Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film|Best Animated Short Film]]
|''[[For Scent-imental Reasons]]'' || {{won}}
|-
|1954
|''[[From A to Z-Z-Z-Z]]'' || {{nominated}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-10-04 |title=The 26th Academy Awards {{!}} 1954 |url=https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1954 |access-date=2025-03-24 |website=www.oscars.org |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|1960
|[[High Note (film)|''High Note'']] || {{nominated}}
|<ref name="Beck">{{cite book |last1=Beck |first1=Jerry |title=Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies: A Complete Illustrated Guide to the Warner Bros. Cartoons |last2=Friedwald |first2=Will |date=1989 |publisher=Henry Holt and Co |isbn=0-8050-0894-2 |page=328}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |1962 || ''[[Beep Prepared]]'' || {{nom}} || rowspan="2" |<ref name=":0" />

|-
|''[[Nelly's Folly]]'' || {{nom}}
|-
|1963
|''[[Now Hear This (film)|Now Hear This]] ''|| {{nominated}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-10-05 |title=The 35th Academy Awards {{!}} 1963 |url=https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1963 |access-date=2025-03-24 |website=www.oscars.org |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|1966 || ''[[The Dot and the Line]]''|| {{won}}
| rowspan="2" |<ref name=":0">{{cite web |title=Chuck Jones – Awards |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0005062/awards?ref_=nm_awd |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308133530/https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0005062/awards?ref_=nm_awd |archive-date=March 8, 2021 |access-date=March 14, 2020 |website=[[IMDb]]}}</ref>
|-
|1996 || [[Honorary Academy Award]] || Lifetime Achievement || {{Won}}
|-
|}
Jones received an [[Honorary Academy Award]] in 1996 by the board of governors of the [[Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences]], for "the creation of classic cartoons and cartoon characters whose animated lives have brought joy to our real ones for more than half a century."  At that year's awards show, [[Robin Williams]], a self-confessed "Jones-aholic", presented the honorary award to Jones, calling him "The [[Orson Welles]] of cartoons", and the audience gave Jones a [[standing ovation]] as he walked onto the stage. For himself, a flattered Jones wryly remarked in his acceptance speech, "Well, what can I say in the face of such humiliating evidence? I stand guilty before the world of directing over three hundred cartoons in the last fifty or sixty years. Hopefully, this means you've forgiven me."<ref>{{cite web|last=Jones|first=Chuck|title=Honorary Award: Acceptance Speech|url=http://aaspeechesdb.oscars.org/link/068-26|publisher=Academy of Motion Pictures, Arts and Sciences|access-date=February 21, 2013|archive-date=September 29, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130929091343/http://aaspeechesdb.oscars.org/link/068-26/|url-status=live}}</ref> He received the Lifetime Achievement Award at the World Festival of Animated Film – [[Animafest Zagreb]] in 1988.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://animafest.hr/en/1988/home |title=Animafest Zagreb |website=Animafest.hr |date=June 3, 1988 |access-date=May 4, 2017 |archive-date=August 6, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806044908/http://animafest.hr/en/1988/home |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Honors ===
Jones was a historical authority as well as a major contributor to the development of animation throughout the 20th century. In 1990, Jones received the Golden Plate Award of the [[American Academy of Achievement]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement|website=www.achievement.org|publisher=[[American Academy of Achievement]]|url=https://www.achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/|access-date=April 24, 2019|archive-date=December 12, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171212193048/http://www.achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/|url-status=live}}</ref> He received an honorary degree from [[Oglethorpe University]] in 1993.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://oglethorpe.edu/about_us/history/honorary_degrees.asp |title=Honorary Degrees Awarded by Oglethorpe University |work=[[Oglethorpe University]] |access-date=April 22, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150319104000/http://www.oglethorpe.edu/about_us/history/honorary_degrees.asp |archive-date=March 19, 2015 }}</ref> For his contribution to the motion picture industry, Jones has a star on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]] at 7011 [[Hollywood Boulevard|Hollywood Blvd]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://projects.latimes.com/hollywood/star-walk/chuck-jones/|title=Chuck Jones|last=Martin|first=Hugo|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=February 23, 2002|access-date=April 22, 2014|archive-date=March 7, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140307085020/http://projects.latimes.com/hollywood/star-walk/chuck-jones/|url-status=live}}</ref> He was awarded the [[Inkpot Award]] in 1974.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.comic-con.org/awards/inkpot|title=Inkpot Award|date=December 6, 2012|website=Comic-Con International: San Diego|access-date=September 12, 2020|archive-date=January 29, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170129155249/http://www.comic-con.org/awards/inkpot|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1996, Jones received an Honorary Oscar at the 68th Academy Awards.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UZ1xZsv5t6A | title=Chuck Jones receiving an Honorary Oscar | website=[[YouTube]] | date=January 21, 2013 }}</ref>

Three short films directed by Jones have been inducted into the [[National Film Registry]] by the United States [[Film Preservation Board]]: ''What's Opera, Doc?'', inducted in 1992; ''Duck Amuck,'' inducted in 1999; and ''[[One Froggy Evening]],'' inducted in 2003.

=== Art exhibit ===
Jones's life and legacy were celebrated on January 12, 2012, with the official grand opening of ''The Chuck Jones Experience'' at [[Circus Circus Las Vegas]]. Many of Jones's family welcomed celebrities, animation aficionados and visitors to the new attraction when they opened the attraction in an appropriate and unconventional way. Among those in attendance were Jones's widow, Marian Jones; daughter Linda Clough; and grandchildren Craig, Todd and Valerie Kausen.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://blog.bcdb.com/the-chuck-jones-experience-opens-las-vegas-3631-2671|title="The Chuck Jones Experience" opens in Las Vegas|first=Paul|last=Anderson|newspaper=Big Cartoon News|date=January 13, 2011|access-date=June 18, 2015}}{{dead link|date=January 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>

== Publications ==
* {{cite book| author1 = Chuck Jones | author2= Steven Spielberg |title= Chuck Amuck: The Life and Times of an Animated Cartoonist | date = February 19, 1990 | publisher = Simon & Schuster Ltd | isbn= 978-0671710248}}
* Jones, Chuck (1996). ''Chuck Reducks: Drawing from the Fun Side of Life''. New York: Warner Books. {{ISBN|0-446-51893-X}}.
* {{cite book| author = Chuck Jones | title= Daffy Duck for President | date = July 1997 | publisher = Warner Bros. | isbn= 978-1890371005}}
* {{cite book | author1 = Stefan Kanfer | author2 = Chuck Jones | title = Serious Business: The Art and Commerce of Animation in America from Betty Boop to Toy Story | date = May 1, 2000 | publisher = Da Capo | isbn = 978-0306809187 | url-access = registration | url = https://archive.org/details/seriousbusinessa00kanf }}
* {{cite book| author = Chuck Jones | title= Chuck Jones: The Dream that Never Was | date = December 27, 2011 | publisher = [[IDW Publishing]] & [[The Library of American Comics]] | isbn= 978-1613770306}}

== See also ==
* [[Warner Bros. Cartoons]]
* [[Warner Bros. Animation]]
*[[Chuck Jones filmography#Chuck Jones Productions/Enterprises|Chuck Jones Productions/Enterprises]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== Sources ==
* {{Cite book|last=Sigall|first=Martha|title=Living Life Inside the Lines: Tales from the Golden Age of Animation|chapter=The Boys of Termite Terrace| year=2005|publisher=[[University Press of Mississippi]]|isbn=9781578067497|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=diKnDBs0wrIC&pg=PA49 }}
* Barrier, Michael (1999). ''Hollywood Cartoons: American Animation in Its Golden Age''. Oxford: Oxford University Press; {{ISBN|0-19-516729-5}}.

== Further reading ==
* [https://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft6q2nb3x1&brand=ucpress Kenner, Hugh. Chuck Jones: A Flurry of Drawings, Portraits of American Genius. Berkeley:  University of California Press, c1994 1994.  Free Online – UC Press E-Books Collection]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20151025070857/http://www.animationartconservation.com/chuck-jones%2C-in-his-own-words-page-one.html "Chuck Jones, in his own words" The final print interview with Chuck Jones by Ron Barbagallo, ''Animation Art Conservation'' (1996, 1999 / revised 2015)]
* [https://www.cartoonbrew.com/classic/chuck-jones-article-by-john-canemaker.html "Chuck Jones" by John Canemaker] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120525145041/http://www.cartoonbrew.com/classic/chuck-jones-article-by-john-canemaker.html |date=May 25, 2012 }} from ''Cartoonist PROfiles'' #45 (March 1980)
* [https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/great-movie-chuck-jones-three-cartoons Chuck Jones: Three Cartoons (1953–1957)] – [[Roger Ebert]] discusses Jones's three films in the United States [[Library of Congress]] National Film Registry.
* [http://www.adcglobal.org/archive/hof/1998/?id=316 Art Directors Club biography, portrait and images of work] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131127112052/http://www.adcglobal.org/archive/hof/1998/?id=316 |date=November 27, 2013 }}
* [http://www.michaelbarrier.com/Funnyworld/Clampett/interview_bob_clampett.htm Bob Clampetts interview for Funnyworld]
* [https://lettersofnote.com/2009/10/21/unadulterated-hogwash/ The Jones-Avery Letter] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200925141504/https://lettersofnote.com/2009/10/21/unadulterated-hogwash/ |date=September 25, 2020 }}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
{{Wikiquote}}
{{Wikisource author}}
*{{official website|https://www.chuckjones.com}}
* [https://www.lambiek.net/artists/j/jones_chuck.htm Lambiek Comiclopedia biography.]
* {{IMDb name|id=nm0005062}}
* [https://www.chuckjonescenter.org/ Chuck Jones Center for Creativity]
* {{emmytvlegends name|chuck-jones}}
* {{cite web|title= Chuck Jones Biography and Interview |website=www.achievement.org|publisher=[[American Academy of Achievement]]|url=https://www.achievement.org/achiever/chuck-jones/#interview}}
* [https://www.archives.com/1940-census/charles-jones-ca-29484117 Chuck Jones in 1940 census record]

{{Chuck Jones}}
{{Navboxes
|title = Awards for Chuck Jones
|list =
{{Academy Honorary Award}}
{{Inkpot Award 1970s}}
{{Winsor McCay Award 1970s}}
}}
{{Looney Tunes & Merrie Melodies}}
{{The Chuck Jones Tom and Jerry shorts}}
{{Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Cartoons}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jones, Chuck}}
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