Editing Chuck Robb

{{Short description|American politician and United States Marine (born 1939)}}
{{redirect|Charles Robb|the United States federal judge|Charles Henry Robb|the British surgeon|Charles Rob}}
{{redirect|Senator Robb|the New York State Senate member|J. Hampden Robb|the Northern Irish senator|John Hanna Robb}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Chuck Robb
| image               = Chuck Robb (2019).jpeg
| caption             = Robb in 2019
| office              = Chair of the [[Iraq Intelligence Commission]]
| predecessor         = ''Position established''
| president           = [[George W. Bush]]
| successor           = ''Position abolished''
| signature           = ChuckRobbsignature.gif
| lieutenant2         = [[Dick Davis (politician)|Dick Davis]]
| order2              = 64th [[Governor of Virginia]]
| predecessor2        = [[John N. Dalton]]
| jr/sr1              = United States Senator
| state1              = [[Virginia]]
| predecessor1        = [[Paul Trible]]
| successor1          = [[George Allen (American politician)|George Allen]]
| successor2          = [[Gerald L. Baliles]]
| birth_name          = Charles Spittal Robb
| birth_date          = {{birth date and age |1939|6|26}}
| birth_place         = [[Phoenix, Arizona]], U.S.
| death_date          = 
| death_place         = 
| death_cause         = 
| residence           = [[McLean, Virginia]], U.S.
| party               = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| spouse              = {{marriage|[[Lynda Bird Johnson Robb|Lynda Bird Johnson]]|1967}}
| children            = 3
| allegiance          = United States
| branch              = [[United States Marine Corps]]
| serviceyears        = 1961–1970
| rank                = [[Major (United States)|Major]]
| battles             = [[Vietnam War]]
| term_start          = February 6, 2004
| term_end            = March 31, 2005<br />Served with [[Laurence Silberman]]
| term_start1         = January 3, 1989
| term_end1           = January 3, 2001
| term_start2         = January 16, 1982
| term_end2           = January 18, 1986
| office3             = 33rd [[Lieutenant Governor of Virginia]]
| governor3           = John Dalton
| term_start3         = January 14, 1978
| term_end3           = January 16, 1982
| predecessor3        = John Dalton
| successor3          = [[Dick Davis (politician)|Dick Davis]]
| education           = [[University of Wisconsin–Madison|University of Wisconsin, Madison]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])<br>[[University of Virginia]] ([[Juris Doctor|JD]])
| mawards             = [[Bronze Star Medal|Bronze Star]]<br>[[Presidential Service Badge]]
}}
'''Charles Spittal Robb''' (born June 26, 1939) is an American former [[U.S. Marine Corps]] officer and politician who served as the [[List of governors of Virginia|64th]] [[governor of Virginia]] from 1982 to 1986 and a [[United States Senate|United States senator]] representing [[Virginia]] from 1989 until 2001. A member of the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]], Robb sought a third term in the U.S. Senate in [[2000 United States Senate election in Virginia|2000]], but was defeated by Republican [[George Allen (American politician)|George Allen]], another former governor.

He is a son-in-law of [[Lyndon B. Johnson]], the 36th [[US President|President of the United States]], through his marriage to his daughter, [[Lynda Bird Johnson Robb|Lynda Bird Johnson]]. Their marriage in 1967 was the first in the [[White House]] since 1942.

Robb co-chaired the [[Iraq Intelligence Commission]] with former U.S. Attorney [[Laurence Silberman]] from February 2004 to December 2005. In 2006 he was appointed to serve on the [[President's Intelligence Advisory Board]]. Since 2001, Robb has been a member of the board of trustees of the [[MITRE]] Corporation.

==Early life and education==
[[File:Lynda Bird Johnson and Charles Robb wedding.jpg|thumb|left|Robb and [[Lynda Bird Johnson Robb|Lynda Bird Johnson]]'s wedding at the [[White House]], December 9, 1967]]
Charles Robb was born in [[Phoenix, Arizona|Phoenix]], Arizona, the son of Frances Howard (née Woolley) and James Spittal Robb.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SK-81iI6NJQC&q=%22ROBB,+Charles+Spittal,+B.B.A.,+JD;%22&pg=PA1419 | title=The International Who's Who 2004| isbn=9781857432176| last1=Publications| first1=Europa| year=2003| publisher=Psychology Press}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wargs.com/political/welch.html|title = Ancestry of Laura Welch Bush (B. 1946)}}</ref> He grew up in the [[Mount Vernon, Virginia|Mount Vernon]] area of [[Fairfax County, Virginia|Fairfax County]], Virginia and graduated from [[Mount Vernon High School (Virginia)|Mount Vernon High School]].<ref>{{cite news |last=McClain |first=Buzz |date=July 2, 2019 |title=Former Senator, Schar School Policy Professor Chuck Robb Tapes Video Interview for Mason Archives |url=https://schar.gmu.edu/news/former-senator-schar-school-policy-professor-chuck-robb-tapes-video-interview-mason-archives |work=George Mason University News |location=Fairfax, VA}}</ref> He attended [[Cornell University]] before earning a Bachelor of Arts from the [[University of Wisconsin–Madison]] in 1961, where he was a member of [[Chi Phi]] fraternity.<ref>{{cite news |last=Online News Hour |date=2000 |title=U.S. Senator Chuck Robb Democratic Incumbent: Virginia's U.S. Senate Race |url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/spc/election2000/races/robb_bio.html |work=PBS.org |location=Washington, DC}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Alumni Spotlights |date=2019 |title=Alumnus Served for more than 30 Years in Public Service: Charles Robb '61 Developed Lifelong Friendships through Chi Phi |url=http://kappachiphi.org/contact/alumni-spotlights/ |work=Kappa chapter of Chi Phi |location=Cedarburg, WI}}</ref>

A [[United States Marine Corps]] veteran and honor graduate of [[The Basic School|Quantico]], Robb became a [[White House social aide]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.law.gmu.edu/faculty/directory/robb_charles |title=Robb, Charles |access-date=2008-03-20
|date=2007-12-15 |publisher=[[George Mason University]] |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080316044639/http://www.law.gmu.edu/faculty/directory/robb_charles <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 2008-03-16}}</ref> It was there that he met and eventually married [[Lynda Bird Johnson Robb|Lynda Johnson]], the daughter of then-U.S. President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] in a service celebrated by the Right Reverend [[Gerald Nicholas McAllister]]. Robb went on to serve a tour of duty in [[Vietnam War|Vietnam]], where he commanded Company I of [[3rd Battalion, 7th Marines]] in combat, and was awarded the [[Bronze Star Medal|Bronze Star]] and [[Gallantry Cross (Vietnam)|Vietnam Gallantry Cross with Star]]. Following his promotion to the rank of major, he was attached to the Logistics section (G-4), [[1st Marine Division (United States)|1st Marine Division]].

Robb earned a [[Juris Doctor]] from the [[University of Virginia Law School]] in 1973, and [[Law clerk|clerked]] for [[John D. Butzner,&nbsp;Jr.]], a judge on the [[United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit|Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals]]. Afterwards he resided in [[McLean, Virginia]] and entered private practice with [[Williams & Connolly]].<ref name=mitre /><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://projects.washingtonpost.com/congress/members/r000295|title=U.S. Congress Votes Database: Members of Congress / Chuck Robb|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090812202142/http://projects.washingtonpost.com/congress/members/r000295/|archive-date=2009-08-12}}</ref> Robb became active in Virginia politics as a Democrat, and was a member of the [[Fairfax County, Virginia|Fairfax County]] Democratic Committee and the [[Democratic Party of Virginia|Virginia Democratic State Central Committee]].<ref>{{cite news |agency=[[Associated Press]] |date=December 28, 1976 |title=Robb Expected to Announce Candidacy |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/288634455/ |work=[[The News Leader|The Staunton Leader]] |location=Staunton, VA |page=7 |url-access=subscription |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>

==Career==
===Lieutenant Governor===
[[File:Lieutenant Governor Charles Robb giving a speech, February 1981.JPEG|thumb|left|Lieutenant Governor Robb speaks to guests at a luncheon during the [[Virginia General Assembly]]'s tour of [[Marine Corps Base Quantico]] on February 1, 1981.]]
In [[1977 Virginia lieutenant gubernatorial election|1977]] Robb won the election for [[Lieutenant Governor of Virginia|lieutenant governor of Virginia]], the only one of three Democrats running for statewide office to win that year, leaving him as the ''de facto'' head of a political party that had not won a governor's race in a dozen years. He served from 1978 to 1982.

===Governor of Virginia===
Robb led the statewide Democratic ticket as its candidate for governor [[1981 Virginia gubernatorial election|in 1981]]. The three Democrats running for governor, lieutenant governor and attorney general won by appealing to conservatives who were disenchanted with Robb's Republican opponent, [[Marshall Coleman|J. Marshall Coleman]]. Virginia Democrats again won all three statewide offices in 1985, which was viewed as an endorsement of Robb's leadership while in office. As a campaigner, Robb was capable but reserved. During a time when political communication styles were beginning to favor sound bites, Robb was known for speaking in paragraphs about complex policy issues. He was also noteworthy among his contemporaries for raising substantial sums of campaign funds. During his term as governor, Robb founded the [[Democratic Governors Association]] in 1983.

Politically, Robb was a moderate and known generally as being fiscally conservative, pro-national security, and progressive on social issues. As governor, he balanced the state budget without raising taxes and dedicated an additional $1&nbsp;billion for education. He appointed a record number of women and minorities to state positions, including the first African American to the state [[Supreme Court of Virginia|Supreme Court]]. He was the first Virginia governor in 25 years to use the death penalty. Robb was instrumental in creating the [[Super Tuesday]] primary that brought political power to the Southern states. He was also a co-founder in creating the [[Democratic Leadership Council]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dreyfuss |first=Robert |date=2001-12-19 |title=How the DLC Does It |url=https://prospect.org/api/content/7381b35d-33c6-5f67-8b68-69dc59c3aaea/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240419104100/https://prospect.org/features/dlc/ |archive-date=2024-04-19 |access-date=2024-05-15 |website=The American Prospect |language=en-us}}</ref> He was a strong vote-getter in Virginia in the 1980s and helped mold a more progressive Virginia Democratic Party than the one that had ruled the state for decades. For a time he was considered a [[President of the United States|presidential]] or [[Vice President of the United States|vice-presidential]] prospect.

===United States Senator===
[[File:charles robb.jpg|thumb|left|An official Senate portrait of Robb]]

Robb later served as a [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] member of the [[United States Senate]] from 1989 until 2001. Robb was elected in 1988, defeating Maurice Dawkins with 71% of the vote. Robb ranked annually as one of the most ideologically centrist senators and often acted as a bridge between Democratic and [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] members, as he preferred background deal-making to legislative limelight. His fellow Democrats removed him from the Budget Committee for advocating deeper cuts in federal spending.

In 1991, he was one of a handful of Democratic senators to support authorizing the use of force to expel [[Iraq]]i forces from [[Kuwait]]. The same year, he was one of eleven Democrats who voted to confirm the nomination of [[Clarence Thomas]] to the U.S. Supreme Court in a 52 to 48 vote, the narrowest margin of approval in more than a century. In 1992, he was chairman of the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee, and during his term, the DSCC raised record amounts of funding to elect seven new Democrats to the Senate. The Democratic victory included the election of four new female senators and the re-election of a fifth in what was called [[The Year of the Woman]].

Robb was more liberal on social issues.{{Citation needed|date=March 2022}} He voted for the [[Federal Assault Weapons Ban]]<ref>''The Second Amendment Controversy Explained''. Theodore L. Johnson. Page 516.</ref> and against the execution of minors.{{citation needed|date=June 2008}} He was opposed to a constitutional amendment to ban [[flag burning]]. In 1993, he supported [[Bill Clinton]]'s proposal to adopt the [[don't ask, don't tell]] policy on homosexuals in the armed forces. Three years later, Robb was the only senator from a Southern state to oppose the [[Defense of Marriage Act]].<ref>''American Civil Rights Policy from Truman to Clinton: The Role of Presidential Leadership''. Steven A. Shull.</ref> In stating his opposition to the bill, which his friends and supporters urged him to support, he said the following, "I feel very strongly that this legislation is wrong. Despite its name, the Defense of Marriage Act does not defend marriage against some imminent, crippling effect. Although we have made huge strides in the struggle against discrimination based on gender, race, and religion, it is more difficult to see beyond our differences regarding sexual orientation. The fact that our hearts don't speak in the same way is not cause or justification to discriminate."<ref>''Why Marriage Matters: America, Equality, and Gay People's Right to Marry''. Evan Wolfson. pp. 42-43.</ref> Some have speculated that his position on gay rights, along with his positions on other hot-button issues like abortion, alienated the generally conservative voters of Virginia and contributed to his eventual defeat.<ref>''More Than Money: Interest Group Action in Congressional Elections''. Richard M. Skinner. Page 70.</ref>

Despite being outspent 4-1, Robb narrowly defeated former [[Iran-Contra]] figure [[Oliver North]] in 1994, a poor year nationally for Democrats. Senator [[John Warner]] refused to support North and instead backed third-party candidate and former [[Attorney General of Virginia|Virginia Attorney General]] [[Marshall Coleman]], whom Robb had defeated in the 1981 gubernatorial contest. The 1994 Senate campaign was documented in the 1996 film ''[[A Perfect Candidate]]'' and [[Brett Morgen]]'s ''Ollie's Army'' (where Robb is seen being heckled on the campus of [[James Madison University]]). During the campaign, Robb won the endorsement of Reagan's [[United States Secretary of the Navy|Naval Secretary]] (and future Democratic senator) [[Jim Webb]], and high-profile Republicans such as [[Elliot Richardson]], [[William Ruckelshaus]], and [[William Colby]].{{citation needed|date=July 2008}}<!-- Need citations for 1994 U.S. Senate election, esp. endorsements. Colby publicly a Republican? -->

Following his re-election in 1994, Robb continued to promote fiscal responsibility and a strong national defense; he was the only Senate Democrat to vote for all items in the Republican Party's "[[Contract with America]]" when they reached the floor, including a [[Balanced Budget Amendment]] and a [[line item veto]]. He became the only senator to serve on all three national security committees: Armed Services, Foreign Relations, and Intelligence. After two terms in the Senate and 25 years in statewide politics, he was defeated in a close race in 2000 by Republican former governor, and former congressman [[George Allen (U.S. politician)|George Allen]], Robb was the only Democratic incumbent senator to be defeated in that election.

===Scandals===
[[File:Charles Robb 1980.jpg|thumb|right|Robb as lieutenant governor.]]
[[File:Chuck Robb (VA).png|thumb|left|Robb as governor.]]

In 1991, former [[Miss Virginia USA]] [[Tai Collins]] claimed to have had an affair with Robb seven years earlier, although her allegations were never corroborated and she offered no proof of the affair to reporters. Robb denied having an affair with her, merely admitting to sharing a bottle of [[Champagne (wine)|champagne]] and receiving a massage from her in his hotel room on one occasion.<ref name="Robb denies sex, admits massage">{{cite news |title=Robb denies sex, admits massage|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1350&dat=19910427&id=J1xPAAAAIBAJ&pg=6848,7497774&hl=en |newspaper=Toledo Blade|date=April 27, 1991 |access-date=2015-11-27 }}</ref> Soon after making the allegations, Collins earned an undisclosed amount for posing nude for ''[[Playboy]]'' magazine.<ref>{{cite news |author=Marylou Tousant |title=Tai Collins, in the Flesh |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=September 5, 1991 }}</ref>

There were also rumors that during the time he was governor, Robb was present at parties in Virginia Beach where [[cocaine]] was used. These rumors were never proven, despite intense investigation by reporters and political operatives. He strongly denied this when the issue was raised during his 1988 campaign for the U.S. Senate. Robb so vehemently denied the cocaine allegation that he claimed to have never seen cocaine.<ref name="Robb denies sex, admits massage"/><ref name="sabato">{{cite news |last=Sabato |first=Larry J. |title=Senator Charles S. Robb and Tai Collins |newspaper=Washington Post |date=1998-03-27 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/frenzy/robb2.htm |access-date=2009-01-24}}</ref>

In 1991, three of Robb's aides resigned after pleading guilty to misdemeanors related to an illegally recorded cell phone conversation of Virginia Governor (and possible 1994 Senate primary opponent) [[Doug Wilder]]. The scandal of the phone conversation morphed into a federal grand jury investigation when it was alleged that Robb's staff and Robb himself conspired to distribute the contents of a mobile phone call taped by an "electronics buff." Robb and his staff claimed to be unaware of the fact that conversations on cell phones are protected by the same laws governing landlines. The grand jury concluded its eighteen-month investigation with a vote not to indict Robb. Relations between the Senator and Governor were described in the press as a "feud".<ref>{{cite news |author=B. DRUMMOND AYRES Jr. |title=Jury Declines to Indict Robb in Taping |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/01/13/us/jury-declines-to-indict-robb-in-taping.html|newspaper=The New York Times|date=January 13, 1993|access-date=2015-12-03 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-06-10-mn-340-story.html|title=Wilder-Robb Feud Heats Up Over Tape|date=June 10, 1991|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=2010-07-29}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1992-05-23-mn-224-story.html|title=Robb's Career in Peril as Feud With Wilder Heats Up|date=May 23, 1992|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=2010-07-29|first=Michael|last=Ross}}</ref>

In 1994 Robb released a five-and-a-half-page letter admitting to some behavior "not appropriate for a married man".<ref name=Fallout>{{cite news|title=Robb Fallout: Letter Sparks Wrath, Raves|date=March 12, 1994|publisher=Daily Press|url=https://www.dailypress.com/1994/03/12/robb-fallout-letter-sparks-wrath-raves/}}</ref> The letter did not go into details saying they "are purely private" between him and his wife and "not really anybody else's business."<ref name=Fallout/> Robb denied using or witnessing the use of drugs. Robb also expressed regret for not acting quickly enough to end a conflict between his staff and Wilder's, and for not insisting that the tape of Wilder's conversation be destroyed immediately.<ref name=Fallout/>
Republican State Senator Mark L. Earley told reporters he thought Robb's letter was released to get ahead of a [[Washington Post]] story about allegations and memos from former Robb staffers. Bert Rohrer, a Robb spokesman, declared the charge as "nonsense" holding the process of crafting the letter had been months long and that he wanted to settle the issue before launching his re-election campaign.<ref name=Fallout/>

=== Later career ===
[[File:WMD intelligence commission.jpg|thumb|left|Robb with [[President of the United States|President]] [[George W. Bush]] and former [[United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit|U.S. Appeals Court]] Judge [[Laurence H. Silberman]] at a [[White House]] press conference announcing the formation of the [[Iraq Intelligence Commission]] which he would co-chair with Silberman, February 6, 2004.]]
[[File:Charles Robb 13876-013.jpg|thumb|Robb at the [[LBJ Presidential Library]] in 2016]]
Following his two terms in the Senate, Robb served on the board of visitors at the [[United States Naval Academy]], and began teaching at [[George Mason University School of Law]]. On February 6, 2004, Robb was appointed co-chair of the [[Iraq Intelligence Commission]], an independent panel tasked with investigating U.S. intelligence surrounding the United States' [[2003 invasion of Iraq]] and Iraq's [[weapons of mass destruction]]. In 2006 he was appointed to serve on the U.S. [[President's Intelligence Advisory Board]]. He also served on the [[Iraq Study Group]] with former Secretary of State [[James A. Baker&nbsp;III]]. A ''[[New York Times]]'' article on October 9, 2006, credited Robb with being the only member of the group to venture outside the American controlled "[[Green Zone]]" on a recent trip to Baghdad. Robb has served since 2001 as a member of the board of trustees of the [[MITRE]] Corporation.<ref name=mitre>{{cite web|title=Mr. Charles S. Robb|url=http://www.mitre.org/about/bot/robb.html|work=About Us > Board of Trustees|publisher=MITRE Corporation|date=8 February 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100615023555/http://mitre.org/about/bot/robb.html|archive-date=15 June 2010}}</ref> Robb serves as a co-leader of the National Security Project (NSP) at the [[Bipartisan Policy Center]].<ref>[http://www.bipartisanpolicy.org/projects/national-security-project "National Security Project"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120219143733/http://www.bipartisanpolicy.org/projects/national-security-project|date=2012-02-19}}</ref> He is also a former member of the [[Trilateral Commission]] and is a member of the [[Council on Foreign Relations]], for which he served on the Independent Task Force on Pakistan and Afghanistan.<ref name=mitre /> In addition, he currently serves on the board of directors of the [[Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget]].<ref>[http://www.crfb.org/board-members "Board Members"]</ref> In April, 2021, the University of Virginia Press published his autobiography, titled [https://www.upress.virginia.edu/title/5679 ''In the Arena: A Memoir of Love, War, and Politics''].

==Personal life==
Robb married [[Lynda Bird Johnson Robb]], daughter of then President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] and First Lady [[Lady Bird Johnson]], in 1967.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://texasarchive.org/2008_00198|title=Lynda Bird's Shower|website=Texas Archive of the Moving Image|access-date=December 1, 2019}}</ref> They have three daughters (Jennifer, Catherine and Lucinda<ref name=Bensen>{{cite news|title=Ex-Virginia Gov. Robb, Wife Risked Themselves to Save Each Other From Fire, Daughters Say|author=Jackie Bensen|date=December 23, 2021|publisher=NBC|url=https://www.nbcwashington.com/news/local/northern-virginia/ex-virginia-gov-robb-wife-risked-themselves-to-save-each-other-from-fire-daughters-say/2918677/}}</ref>) and five grandchildren and reside in [[McLean, Virginia|McLean]], Virginia.<ref name=mitre />

On the evening of December 21, 2021, their home was consumed in flames and Senator and Mrs. Robb were hospitalized.<ref>{{cite news| url = https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/public-safety/huge-house-fire-in-area-of-mansions-in-mclean-authorities-say/2021/12/22/f4db2e1a-62fa-11ec-bf70-58003351c627_story.html| title = Former senator and Va. governor Chuck Robb, wife injured in massive house fire - The Washington Post| newspaper = [[The Washington Post]]}}</ref> Robb was downstairs when the fire broke out and attempted to climb the stairs to get to his wife and was confronted by a wall of flame. He was signaled to leave the building when his wife, who had been alerted to the fire by a smoke detector, incurred injuries when she took the car out of the garage and shined its headlights on the downstairs exit door.<ref name=Bensen/> Robb was taken to a local hospital and treated for burns then released, his wife was hospitalized for smoke inhalation and second-degree burn injuries on her hand and elbow that were non-life-threatening.<ref name=Bensen/><ref>{{cite news|title=Ex-senator and Virginia governor Charles Robb and wife injured in house fire|author=Joseph Choi|date=December 22, 2021|work=The Hill|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/state-watch/587010-ex-senator-and-virginia-governor-charles-robb-injured-along-with-wife-in/}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=$1.6M in damages, cause still unknown after fire at former Va. governor Chuck Robb's home|author=Sonia Dasgupta|date=December 23, 2021|publisher=ABC|url=https://wjla.com/news/local/chuck-robb-lynda-byrd-johnson-former-virginia-governor-us-senator-mclean-home-fire-fairfax-county-update-damages-cause}}</ref> The blaze (which could be seen across the Potomac River into Washington D.C.) destroyed their books, photos, artwork, and historic memorabilia along with the home they had purchased in 1973 which had been valued at $3 million in 2020.<ref name=Bensen/>

==See also==
*[[List of federal political sex scandals in the United States]]
*[[Wallace Estill Sr. House]]
{{Portal|Biography|Politics|Virginia|United States}}

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==External links==
{{CongBio|R000295}} 
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20000816092758/http://robb.senate.gov/bio.html U.S. Senate bio (archived from 2000)]
* {{C-SPAN|4665}}

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[[Category:1939 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:United States Marine Corps officers]]
[[Category:United States Marine Corps personnel of the Vietnam War]]
[[Category:American recipients of the Gallantry Cross (Vietnam)]]
[[Category:Democratic Party United States senators from Virginia]]
[[Category:Democratic Party governors of Virginia]]
[[Category:George Mason University faculty]]
[[Category:Lieutenant governors of Virginia]]
[[Category:Family of Lyndon B. Johnson]]
[[Category:University of Wisconsin&ndash;Madison alumni]]
[[Category:University of Virginia School of Law alumni]]
[[Category:Virginia lawyers]]
[[Category:People from Mount Vernon, Virginia]]
[[Category:Politicians from Phoenix, Arizona]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Arizona]]
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[[Category:21st-century United States senators]]
[[Category:20th-century United States senators]]
[[Category:Chairs of the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee]]