Editing Clintonite

{{Short description|Phyllosilicate mineral in the mica group}}
{{distinguish|text=a political supporter of [[Bill Clinton]], [[Hillary Clinton]], or [[Clintonism]]}}
{{infobox mineral
| name    = Clintonite
| category  = [[Phyllosilicate]] [[minerals]], [[mica]] [[Mineral group|group]]
| image       = Clintonite-Spinel-235093.jpg
| imagesize   = 
| alt         = 
| caption     = Clintonite with spinel on orthoclase matrix from Amity, New York (size: 9.3 × 5.7 × 3.8 cm)
| formula     = {{chem|Ca|(Mg|,Al)|3|(Al|3|Si)|O|10|(OH)|2}}
| IMAsymbol=Cln<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Warr|first=L.N.|date=2021|title=IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols|journal=Mineralogical Magazine|volume=85|issue=3|pages=291–320|doi=10.1180/mgm.2021.43|bibcode=2021MinM...85..291W|s2cid=235729616|doi-access=free}}</ref>
| molweight   = 
| strunz      = 
| dana        = 
| system      = [[Monoclinic]]
| class       = Prismatic (2/m) <br/>or domatic (m)
| symmetry    = ''C2/m'' or (?)
| unit cell   = a = 5.204&nbsp;Å, <br/>b = 9.026&nbsp;Å, <br/>c = 9.812&nbsp;Å; <br/>β = 100.35°; Z&nbsp;=&nbsp;2
| color       = Colorless, yellow, orange, red-brown, brown, green
| colour      = 
| habit       = Tabular pseudohexagonal crystals; foliated or lamellar radiated; massive
| twinning    = Spiral polysynthetic twinning
| cleavage    = Perfect on {001}
| fracture    = 
| tenacity    = Brittle
| mohs        = 3.5 on {001}, 6 at angle to {001}
| luster      = Vitreous, pearly, submetallic
| streak      = White, slightly yellow-gray
| diaphaneity = Transparent to translucent
| gravity     = 3.0–3.1
| density     = 
| polish      = 
| opticalprop = Biaxial (−)
| refractive  = n<sub>α</sub> = 1.643 – 1.648 n<sub>β</sub> = 1.655 – 1.662 n<sub>γ</sub> = 1.655 – 1.663
| birefringence = δ = 0.012 – 0.015
| pleochroism = X = colorless, pale orange, red-brown; Y = Z = pale brownish yellow, pale green
| 2V          = Measured: 2° to 40°
| dispersion  = 
| extinction  = 
| length fast/slow =
| fluorescence = 
| absorption  = 
| melt        = 
| fusibility  = 
| diagnostic  = 
| solubility  = 
| impurities  = 
| alteration  = 
| other       = 
| references  = <ref>[https://www.mineralienatlas.de/lexikon/index.php/MineralData?mineral=Clintonite Mineralienatlas]</ref><ref name=Webmin>[http://webmineral.com/data/Clintonite.shtml Webmineral]</ref><ref name=Mindat>[http://www.mindat.org/min-1088.html Mindat with location data]</ref><ref name=HBM>[http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/clintonite.pdf Handbook of Mineralogy]</ref>
}}
'''Clintonite''' is a [[calcium]] [[magnesium]] [[aluminium]] [[phyllosilicate]] mineral. It is a member of the [[margarite]] group of [[mica]]s and the subgroup often referred to as the "brittle" micas. Clintonite has the [[chemical formula]] {{chem|Ca|(Mg|,Al)|3|(Al|3|Si)|O|10|(OH)|2}}. Like other micas and [[Chlorite group|chlorite]]s, clintonite is [[monoclinic]] in crystal form and has a perfect basal [[Cleavage (crystal)|cleavage]] parallel to the flat surface of the plates or scales. The [[Mohs hardness]] of clintonite is 6.5, and the [[specific gravity]] is 3.0 to 3.1. It occurs as variably colored, colorless, green, yellow, red, to reddish-brown masses and radial clusters.

The brittle micas differ chemically from the micas in containing less [[silica]] and no [[alkali]]s, and from the chlorites in containing much less water; in many respects, they are intermediate between the micas and chlorites.<ref>{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Clintonite|volume=6|page=530|first=Leonard James|last=Spencer|author-link=Leonard James Spencer}}</ref> Clintonite and its [[iron]]-rich variety [[xanthophyllite]] are sometimes considered the calcium analogues of the [[phlogopite]]s.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Alietti, Elisa|display-authors=etal|title=Clintonite-1M: Crystal chemistry and its relationships to closely associated Al-rich phlogopite|journal=American Mineralogist|volume=82|pages=936–945|year=1997|issue=9–10 |url=http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/1997/Alietti_p936-945_97.pdf|doi=10.2138/am-1997-9-1011|bibcode=1997AmMin..82..936A }}</ref>

Typical formation environment is in [[Serpentinite|serpentinized]] [[Dolomite (mineral)|dolomitic]] [[limestone]] and [[Contact metamorphism|contact metamorphosed]] [[skarn]]s. It occurs with [[talc]], [[spinel]], [[grossular]], [[vesuvianite]], [[clinopyroxene]], [[monticellite]], [[chondrodite]], [[phlogopite]], chlorite, [[quartz]], [[calcite]] and [[Dolomite (mineral)|dolomite]].<ref name=HBM/>

Clintonite was first described in 1843 for an occurrence in [[Orange County, New York]]. It was named for [[De Witt Clinton]] (1769–1828).<ref name=Mindat/>

==See also==
*[[List of minerals]]
*[[List of minerals named after people]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Phyllosilicates}}

[[Category:Phyllosilicates]]
[[Category:Magnesium minerals]]
[[Category:Calcium minerals]]
[[Category:Aluminium minerals]]
[[Category:Monoclinic minerals]]
[[Category:Minerals in space group 12]]
[[Category:Mica group]]