Editing Collier's

{{Short description|Former American general interest magazine}}
{{Use American English|date=December 2022}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2022}}
{{Infobox magazine
| title           = Collier's
| image_file      = Collier's-Remington-3-18-05.jpg
| image_size      = <!-- 220px (the default if no size is stated) -->
| image_alt       =
| image_caption   = The cover of the March 18, 1905 issue of ''Collier's'' featuring an illustration by [[Frederic Remington]]
| editor_title    =
| previous_editor =
| frequency       =
| circulation     =
| category        =
| company         =
| publisher       =
| founder         = [[Peter Fenelon Collier]]
| firstdate       = {{Start date|1888|04|28}}
| finaldate       = {{Start date|1957|01|04}}
| finalnumber     =
| based           = [[New York City]] (until 1939} and then [[Springfield, Ohio|Springfield]], Ohio, U.S.
| country         = United States
| language        = English
| issn            = 2161-6469
}}
[[File:Cover_of_Collier's_magazine_by_Alonzo_Myron_Kimball,_1913.jpg|thumb|The cover of the November 29, 1913 edition of ''Collier's'' featuring an illustration by [[Alonzo Myron Kimball (artist)|Alonzo Myron Kimball]]]]
'''''Collier's''''' was an American general interest [[magazine]] founded in 1888 by [[Peter F. Collier|Peter Fenelon Collier]]. It was launched as '''''Collier's Once a Week''''', then renamed in 1895 as '''''Collier's Weekly: An Illustrated Journal''''',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://spartacus-educational.com/USAcolliers.htm | title=American History,Journals,Collier's Weekly}}</ref> shortened in 1905 to '''''Collier's: The National Weekly''''' and eventually to simply '''''Collier's'''''. The magazine ceased publication with the issue dated the week ending January 4, 1957, although a brief, failed attempt was made to revive the Collier's name with a new magazine in 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://colliersmagazine.com/about-us |title="About Us", ''Collier's'', February 2012 |publisher=Colliersmagazine.com |date=January 4, 1957 |access-date=February 12, 2018}}</ref>

As a result of Peter Collier's pioneering [[investigative journalism]], ''Collier's'' established a reputation as a proponent of social reform. After lawsuits by several companies against ''Collier's'' ended in failure, other magazines joined in what [[Theodore Roosevelt]] described as "[[Muckraker|muckraking]]&nbsp;journalism." Founded by Nathan S. Collier, a descendant of Peter Collier, the [[Peter Fenelon Collier#Collier Prize|Collier Prize for State Government Accountability]] was created in 2019.<ref name="zz6">{{cite AV media |people=[[Olivier Knox]] |date=April 29, 2019 |title=2019 White House Correspondents' Dinner: Collier Prize for State Government Accountability |language= en|url=https://www.c-span.org/video/?c4794657/user-clip-collier-prize-state-government-accountability |access-date=September 21, 2020 |format=video |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] }}</ref> The annual US$25,000 prize is one of the largest [[List of American journalism awards|American journalism prizes]],<ref name="zz7">{{cite web |url= https://www.jou.ufl.edu/collier-prize-for-state-government-accountability/ |title= COLLIER PRIZE FOR STATE GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=2020 |website= [[University of Florida]]|publisher= College of Journalism and Communications, University of Florida |access-date=August 31, 2020 }}</ref> and it was established to honor Peter Collier's legacy and contributions in the field of investigative reporting.<ref name="zz1">{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|date=June 15, 2020 |title= $25,000 Collier Prize awarded to The Oregonian for campaign contributions investigation |url= https://www.newspapers.org/stories/collier-prize,4156530? |work=newspapers.org |access-date=September 15, 2020}}</ref><ref name="zz3">{{cite news |last= Madarang|first= Mel|date=February 18, 2020 |title=White House Correspondents' Dinner welcomes back comedic relief in 2020 |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/white-house-correspondents-dinner-welcomes-back-comedic-relief/story?id=69046919 |work=ABC news |access-date=September 18, 2020}}</ref>

==History==
===19th century===
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| image1    = Collier's-Ad-1898.jpg
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| caption1  = A January 6, 1898 ''Collier's Weekly'' advertisement announcing new magazine features, including an increase in pages, more illustrations, new departments, and the beginning of [[Henry James]]'s novella ''[[The Turn of the Screw]]''
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| caption2  = Photography by [[Jimmy Hare]] on the cover of the March 19, 1898 issue of ''Collier's Weekly''
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[[Peter F. Collier]] (1849–1909) left [[Ireland]] for the U.S. at age 17.<ref name=":1" /> Although he went to a seminary to become a priest, he instead started work as a salesman for P. J. Kenedy, publisher of books for the [[Roman Catholic]] market. When Collier wanted to boost sales by offering books on a subscription plan, it led to a disagreement with Kenedy, so Collier left to start his own subscription service. P. F. Collier & Son began in 1875, expanding into the largest subscription house in America with sales of 30 million books during the 1900–1910 decade.<ref name=rise>[http://collectingoldmagazines.com/magazines/colliers "Collier's Rise and Fall"]. collectingoldmagazines.com. Also ''The American Magazine'' by Janello & Jones, 1991.</ref>

With the issue dated April 28, 1888, ''Collier's Once a Week'' was launched as a magazine of "fiction, fact, sensation, wit, humor, news". It was sold with the biweekly Collier's Library of novels and popular books at bargain rates and as a stand-alone priced at seven cents.<ref name=":1" /> By 1892, with a circulation climbing past the 250,000 mark, ''Collier's Once a Week'' was one of the best selling magazines in the United States. The name was changed to ''Collier's Weekly: An Illustrated Journal'' in 1895 or the longer title ''Collier's Weekly: An Illustrated Journal of Art, Literature & Current Events''. With an emphasis on news, the magazine became a leading exponent of the [[halftone]] news picture. To fully exploit the new technology, Collier recruited [[Jimmy Hare|James H. Hare]], one of the pioneers of photojournalism.

Collier's only son, [[Robert J. Collier]], became a full partner in 1898.

===20th century===
By 1904, the magazine was known as ''Collier's: The National Weekly''. Peter Collier died in 1909.<ref>{{cite news |title=Falls Dead in the Riding Club Early This Morning. Doctor Too Late. Head of Publishing House. Worked His Own Way Up from a Humble Beginning to Ownership of Collier's Weekly  |url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Collier_1909_death.gif |quote=Peter F. Collier, publisher of [[Collier's Weekly]] and well known in society here and abroad, dropped dead of [[apoplexy]] in the Riding Club, at 7 East Fifty-eighth Street, early this morning. Mr. Collier had been attending the annual horse show which the club gives, and death overtook him as he was descending the stairs to the street. |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=April 24, 1909 |access-date=November 18, 2011 }}</ref> When Robert Collier died in 1918, he left a will that turned the magazine over to three of his friends, Samuel Dunn, [[Harry Payne Whitney]] and [[Francis Patrick Garvan]].

Robert J. Collier won a lawsuit against [[Post Consumer Brands|Postum Cereal Company]] and was awarded $50,000 in damages, but in 1912 an appeals court then handed down a majority decision that Postum deserved a new trial.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1912/02/17/archives/new-trial-for-postum-co-colliers-suit-to-be-reheard-minority.html|title=NEW TRIAL FOR POSTUM CO.; Collier's Suit to be Reheard -- Minority Opinion for $50,000 Verdict.|date=February 17, 1912|work=The New York Times|access-date=June 9, 2018|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The Postum Company believed that Collier's weekly used magazine coverage to attack their company's products in retaliation for not advertising in Collier's after Collier's wrote against a [[Grape-Nuts]]'s claim that it was an "A Food for Brain and Nerves." Postum then bought advertising pages in major newspapers in retaliation.<ref name=":2" />

The magazine was sold in 1919 to the Crowell Publishing Company, which in 1939 was renamed as [[Crowell Collier Publishing Company|Crowell-Collier Publishing Company]].

In 1924, Crowell moved the printing operations from [[New York City]] to [[Springfield, Ohio|Springfield]], Ohio, but kept the editorial and business departments in New York City. Reasons given for moving print operations included conditions imposed by unions in the printing trade, expansion of the Gansevoort Market into the property occupied by the Collier plant, and "excessive postage involved in mailing from a seaboard city under wartime postal rates.<ref name=":0">{{cite news|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1924/05/27/119039162.html?pageNumber=5|title=Collier's Plant to Move to Ohio; Publication Follows Others That Have Left New York Because of Union Conditions|work=The New York Times |access-date=April 17, 2016}}</ref> After 1924, printing of the magazine was done at the Crowell-Collier printing plant on West High Street in [[Springfield, Ohio|Springfield]], Ohio.<ref name=":0" /> The factory complex, much of which is no longer standing (finally razed in 2020),<ref>[http://www.springfieldnewssun.com/news/local-govt--politics/crowell-collier-demolition-springfield-completed-next-month/8S4EJIvF3azjsZSCWGYSOL/f]{{dead link|date=February 2018}}</ref> was built between 1899 and 1946, and incorporated seven buildings that together had more than {{convert|846000|sqft|m2}}—{{convert|20|acre|m2}}—of floor space.

==Fiction==
{{multiple image
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| image1    = The-Turn-of-the-Screw-Collier's-1A.jpg
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| caption1  = First page of the 12-part serialization of ''[[The Turn of the Screw]]'' in ''Collier's Weekly'' (January 27 – April 16, 1898)
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| image2    = "The Adventure of the Solitary Cyclist" in Collier's household number for January, vol. 32, no. 13, 1903.jpg
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| caption2  = [[Frederic Dorr Steele]]'s cover illustration for the [[Sherlock Holmes]] story, "[[The Adventure of the Solitary Cyclist]]" in the December 26, 1903 edition of ''Collier's''
}}
''Collier's'' popularized the short-short story which was often planned to fit on a single page. [[Knox Burger]] was ''Collier's'' fiction editor from 1948 to 1951 when he left to edit books for Dell and [[Fawcett Publications]]; he was replaced by Eleanor Stierhem Rawson. The numerous authors who contributed fiction to ''Collier's'' included [[F. Scott Fitzgerald]], [[Ray Bradbury]], [[Eleanor Hoyt Brainerd]], [[Willa Cather]], [[Roald Dahl]], [[Jack Finney]], [[Erle Stanley Gardner]], [[Zane Grey]], [[Ring Lardner]], [[Sinclair Lewis]], [[E. Phillips Oppenheim]], [[J. D. Salinger]], [[Kurt Vonnegut]], [[Louis L'Amour]], [[Albert Payson Terhune]] and [[Walter Tevis]]. Humor writers included Parke Cummings and [[H. Allen Smith]].<ref>''Collier's'' Issues in Detail</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=BRUCE WEBER|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/13/arts/13burger.html |title=Weber, Bruce. "Knox Burger, Agent and Book Editor, Dies at 87". ''The New York Times'', January 12, 2010 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 12, 2010 |access-date=February 12, 2018}}</ref>

Serializing novels during the late 1920s, ''Collier's'' sometimes simultaneously ran two ten-part novels, and non-fiction was also serialized. Between 1913 and 1949, [[Sax Rohmer]]'s [[Fu Manchu]] serials, illustrated by [[Joseph Clement Coll]] and others, were hugely popular. The first three Fu Manchu novels by Rohmer were actually compilations of 29 short stories that Rohmer wrote for ''Collier's''.

''The Mask of Fu Manchu'', which was adapted into [[The Mask of Fu Manchu|a 1932 film]] and a 1951 [[Wally Wood]] comic book, was first published as a 12-part ''Collier's'' serial, running from May 7 to July 23, 1932. The May 7 issue displayed a memorable cover illustration by famed maskmaker [[Władysław T. Benda]], and his mask design for that cover<ref>Knapp, Lawrence (2008). [https://web.archive.org/web/20060113063509/http://www.njedge.net/~knapp/Mask.htm "The Mask".] ''[[Wayback Machine]]''. Retrieved 23 August 2023.</ref> was repeated by many other illustrators in subsequent adaptations and reprints.<ref name=rise/>

A 1951 condensed version of the book ''[[Day of the Triffids]]'' by [[John Wyndham]] also appeared.<ref>Wyndham, John. ''The Day of the Triffids'', Fawcett Crest #449-01322-075, sixth printing, April 1970.</ref>

==Illustrators==
Leading illustrators contributed to the covers of ''Collier's''.  They included [[C. C. Beall]], [[Wladyslaw T. Benda|W.T. Benda]], [[Chesley Bonestell]],<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nysun.com/arts/six-centuries-of-theatrical-city-scenes-at-n-yhs/86538/ |title=Scenes at N-YHS |last=Morrone |first=Francis |date=September 25, 2008 |work=New York Sun |access-date=October 27, 2010}}</ref> [[Charles R. Chickering]],<ref>[[#Lerner|Lerner, 2010]], p.10. A designer of U.S. postage stamps.</ref> [[Howard Chandler Christy]], Arthur Crouch, [[Harrison Fisher]], [[James Montgomery Flagg]], Alan Foster, [[Charles Dana Gibson]], [[Vernon Simeon Plemion Grant|Vernon Grant]], Emil Hering, Earl Oliver Hurst, [[Alonzo Myron Kimball (artist)|Alonzo Myron Kimball]], Percy Leason, [[Frank Xavier Leyendecker|Frank X. Leyendecker]], [[Joseph Christian Leyendecker|J. C. Leyendecker]], [[Paul Martin (illustrator)|Paul Martin]], [[John Alan Maxwell]], Ronald McLeod, [[John Cullen Murphy]], [[Maxfield Parrish]], [[Edward Penfield]], Robert O. Reed, [[Frederic Remington]], Anthony Saris, [[John French Sloan|John Sloan]], [[Jessie Willcox Smith]], [[Frederic Dorr Steele]], [[Arthur Szyk]], <ref>{{Cite web |title=Collier's: December 7, 1941 · UHM Library Digital Image Collections |url=https://digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/items/show/31956 |access-date=2025-05-06 |website=digital.library.manoa.hawaii.edu}}</ref> [[Emmett Watson (illustrator)|Emmett Watson]], [[Jon Whitcomb]] and Lawson Wood. Other top illustrators contributed prolifically to their short stories.  They included [[Harold Mathews Brett]], [[Richard V. Culter]], [[Robert Fawcett]], Denver Gillen and [[Quentin Reynolds]].

In 1903, [[Charles Dana Gibson|Gibson]] signed a $100,000 contract, agreeing to deliver 100 pictures (at $1000 each) during the next four years. From 1904 to 1910, [[Maxfield Parrish|Parrish]] was under exclusive contract to ''Collier's'', which published his famed ''Arabian Nights'' paintings in 1906-07.

==Investigative journalism==
[[File:Collier's-Ad-December-1905.jpg|thumb|A December 1905 advertisement for ''Collier's'' magazine's exposé of patent medicine fraud, which culminated in Samuel Hopkins Adams' 11-part series, "[[s:The Great American Fraud|The Great American Fraud]]"]]
[[File:Collier's-Poster-1906.jpg|thumb|A poster promoting ''Collier's'' in 1906]]
When [[Norman Hapgood]] became editor of ''Collier's'' in 1903, he attracted many leading writers. In May 1906, he commissioned [[Jack London]] to cover the [[1906 San Francisco earthquake|San Francisco earthquake]], a report accompanied by 16 pages of pictures. Under Hapgood's guidance, ''Collier's'' began publishing the work of investigative journalists such as [[Samuel Hopkins Adams]], [[Ray Stannard Baker]], [[C. P. Connolly]] and [[Ida Tarbell]]. Hapgood's approach had great impact, resulting in such changes as the reform of the [[child labor laws]], [[Slum clearance in the United States|slum clearance]] and [[women's suffrage]]. In April 1905, an article by [[Upton Sinclair]], "Is Chicago Meat Clean?", persuaded the Senate to pass the 1906 [[Meat Inspection Act]].

Starting October 7, 1905, Adams startled readers with "[[s:The Great American Fraud|The Great American Fraud]]", an 11-part ''Collier's'' series. Analyzing the contents of popular [[patent medicine]]s, Adams pointed out that the companies producing these medicines were making false claims about their products and some were health hazards. Hapgood launched the series with the following editorial:
{{blockquote|
In the present number we print the first article in "The Great American Fraud" series, which is to describe thoroughly the ways and methods, as well as the evils and dangers, of the patent medicine business. This article is but the opening gun of the campaign, and is largely introductory in character, but it will give the reader a good idea of what is to come when Mr. Adams gets down to peculiarities. The next article, to appear two weeks hence, will treat of "[[Peruna (patent medicine)|Peruna]] and the 'Bracers'," that is, of those concoctions which are advertised and sold as medicines, but which in reality are practically cocktails.

Since these articles on patent medicine frauds were announced in ''Collier's'' some time ago, most of the makers of alcoholic and opiated medicines have been running to cover, and even the Government has been awakened to a sense of responsibility. A few weeks ago the Commissioner of Internal Revenue issued an order to his Collectors, ordering them to exact a special tax from the manufacturer of every compound composed of distilled spirits, "even though drugs have been added thereto." The list of "tonics," "blood purifiers" and "cures" that will come under this head has not yet been published by the Treasury Department, but it is bound to include a good many of the beverages which, up to the present time, have been soothing the consciences while stimulating the palates of the temperance folk. The next official move will doubtless be against the opium-sellers; but these have likewise taken fright, and several of the most notorious "consumption cures" no longer include opium or hasheesh in their concoction.<ref name=rise/>
|sign=|source=}}

"The Great American Fraud" had a powerful impact and led to the first [[Pure Food and Drug Act]] (1906). The entire series was reprinted by the American Medical Association in a book, ''The Great American Fraud'', which sold 500,000 copies at 50 cents each.

Hapgood had a huge influence on public opinion, and between 1909 and 1912, he succeeded in doubling the circulation of ''Collier's'' from a half million to a million. When he moved on to ''[[Harper's Magazine|Harper's Weekly]]'' in 1912, he was replaced as editor for the next couple years by [[Robert J. Collier]], the son of the founder. [[Arthur H. Vandenberg]], later to become a prominent [[United States Senate|Senator]], had a brief stint as a ''Collier's'' editor during the 1900s. [[H. C. Witwer]] was a war correspondent in France during World War I. [[Rob Wagner]] covered the film industry for ''Collier's'' during the 1920s.  They reversed their position on prohibition in 1925.  This was due to the difficulty in enforcing the referendum, and people's unwillingness to stay away from alcohol.  The new law brought about bribing, thieving, corruption and other ills, which far exceeded their expectations.  This new alignment gained favor with the public and helped to rebuild circulation.

Writers such as [[Martha Gellhorn]] and [[Ernest Hemingway]], who reported on the [[Spanish Civil War]], helped boost the circulation. [[Winston Churchill]], who wrote an account of the [[World War I|First World War]], was a regular contributor during the 1930s, but his series of articles ended in 1939 when he became a [[Minister (government)|minister]] in the [[United Kingdom|British]] government. [[Carl Fick]] was a ''Collier's'' staff writer prior to World War II.

==Cartoonists==
The magazine's roster of top cartoonists included [[Charles Addams]], [[Carl Thomas Anderson|Carl Anderson]], [[Stan and Jan Berenstain]], [[Sam Berman]], [[Sam Cobean]], [[Jack Cole (artist)|Jack Cole]], [[A. B. Frost]], [[Ralph Fuller]], [[Dave Gerard (cartoonist)|Dave Gerard]], [[Vernon Simeon Plemion Grant|Vernon Grant]], [[Jay Irving]], [[Crockett Johnson]], [[E. W. Kemble]], [[Hank Ketcham]], [[George Lichty]], [[David Low (cartoonist)|David Low]], [[Bill Mauldin]], [[Virgil Partch]], [[Mischa Richter]], [[William Steig]], [[Charles Henry "Bill" Sykes]], Richard Taylor, [[Gluyas Williams]], [[Gahan Wilson]] and [[Rowland B. Wilson]]. Irving's association with ''Collier's'' began in 1932, and his "Collier's Cops" became a mainstay of the magazine during his 13-year association with it.<ref>{{cite web |author=Tom Heintjes |url=http://cartoonician.com/the-thin-black-line-jay-irving-and-his-cartoon-cops/ |title="The Thin Black Line: Jay Irving and His Cartoon Cops," ''Hogan's Alley'' #14, 2006 |publisher=Cartoonician.com |access-date=February 12, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213022436/http://cartoonician.com/the-thin-black-line-jay-irving-and-his-cartoon-cops/ |archive-date=February 13, 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

[[Kate Osann's]]''Tizzy'' cartoons first appeared in ''Collier's''. The redheaded Tizzy was a teenage American girl who wore horn-rimmed glasses with triangular lenses. ''Tizzy'' was syndicated by [[United Media|NEA]] after ''Collier's'' folded. The cartoons were in color in ''Collier's'' but black-and-white in syndication and paperback reprints.

After [[World War II]], [[Harry Devlin]] became the top editorial cartoonist at ''Collier's'', one of the few publications then displaying editorial cartoons in full color. During the 1940s, Gurney Williams was the cartoon editor for ''Collier's'', ''American Magazine'' and ''Woman's Home Companion'', paying $40 to $150 for each cartoon. From a staggering stack of some 2000 submissions each week, Williams made a weekly selection of 30 to 50 cartoons, lamenting:
{{blockquote|The other day I found myself staring at the millionth cartoon submitted to me since I became humor editor here. I wish it could have been fresh and original. Instead, it showed several ostriches with their heads buried in the sand. Two others stood nearby. Said one to the other: "Where is everybody?"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,793176-1,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025144149/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,793176-1,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 25, 2012 |title="This Little Gag Went...", ''Time'', August 12, 1946 |publisher=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |date=1946-08-12 |access-date=2018-02-12}}</ref>}}

[[Joseph Barbera]], before he found fame in animation, had several cartoons published in ''Collier's'' in the late 1920s and early 1930s.

==Radio==
{{main|The Collier Hour}}
[[File:Colliers-Radio-1930.jpg|thumb|The uncredited ensemble presenting ''[[The Collier Hour]]'' in a feature story by [[John B. Kennedy (journalist)|John B. Kennedy]], associate editor of ''Collier's'' in 1930]]
The circulation battle with ''[[The Saturday Evening Post]]'' led to the creation of ''[[The Collier Hour]]'', broadcast 1927–32 on the [[Blue Network|NBC Blue Network]]. It was radio's first major dramatic anthology series, adapting stories and serials from ''Collier's''. The hour-long program initially aired on the Wednesday before weekly publication, but switched to Sundays to avoid spoilers with stories that appeared simultaneously in the magazine. In 1929 the program began to incorporate music, news, sports and comedy with the dramatic content of the show.<ref name="dunningota">{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=EwtRbXNca0oC&dq=%22The+Collier+Hour,+the+first%22&pg=PA163 |last=Dunning |first=John |author-link=John Dunning (detective fiction author) |title=On the Air: The Encyclopedia of Old-Time Radio |date=1998 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York, NY |isbn=978-0-19-507678-3 |pages=163–164 |edition=Revised |access-date=2019-09-16}}</ref>

==Later years==
At the outbreak of [[World War II]] in 1941 with William L. Chenery as editor,<ref>Letter to [[Eric de Bisschop]], October 10, 1941 (Archives diplomatiques, Nantes)</ref> ''Collier's'' readership reached 2.5 million. In the October 14, 1944, issue, the magazine published one of the first articles about concentration camps. It was [[Jan Karski]]'s "Polish Death Camp," a harrowing account of his visit to [[Belzec extermination camp|Belzec]]. The now problematic title is explored in [["Polish death camp" controversy|"Polish death camp controversy"]], under the heading "Use and Reactions". Karski's book ''Story of a Secret State'', which included the ''Collier's'' excerpt, was published later that year by [[Houghton Mifflin]]. It became a [[Book of the Month Club]] selection, and bestseller with 400,000 copies sold in 1944-45. The ''Collier's'' selection was reprinted in Robert H. Abzug's ''America Views the Holocaust: 1933-1945'' (Palgrave, 1999).

''Collier's'' had a circulation of 2,846,052 when Walter Davenport took over as editor in 1946, but the magazine began to lose readers during the post-World War II years. ''Collier's'' published a regular men's fashion feature contributed by ''[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]]'' co-founder [[Henry L. Jackson]] and also published long-awaited images from the 200-inch (5.08 m) [[Hale Telescope]]'s [[first light (astronomy)|first light]] in 1949.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://365daysofastronomy.org/2009/01/26/january-26-60th-anniversary-of-hale-telescope-first-light/ |title=January 26: 60th Anniversary of Hale Telescope "First Light" |date=January 26, 2009 |publisher=365daysofastronomy.org |access-date=February 12, 2018}}</ref>  In the early 1950s, ''Collier's'' ran a groundbreaking series of science-based articles speculating on space flight, ''[[Man Will Conquer Space Soon!]]'', which prompted the general public to seriously consider the possibility of a trip to the moon, with the percentage of Americans who believed a crewed lunar trip could happen within 50 years changing from 15% to 38% by 1955.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rZ53HRR5lUQC&q=%22collier%27s+magazine%22&pg=PA36 |title=Collins, Martin J. ''After Sputnik'', HarperCollins, 2007 |date=March 22, 2011 |isbn=9780062043610 |access-date=February 12, 2018|last1=Collins |first1=Martin }}</ref>

In 1951, an entire issue described the events and outcome of a hypothetical war between the United States and the Soviet Union, entitled ''[[Preview of the War We Do Not Want]]''. ''Collier's'' changed from a weekly to a biweekly in August 1953, but it continued to lose money. In 1954, [[John O'Hara]] became a columnist with his "Appointment with O'Hara" column.

The magazine ceased publication with the issue for the week ending January 4, 1957.<ref>[http://www.abandonedonline.net/industry/crowell-publishing-company/ Crowell-Collier Publishing Company] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104084629/http://www.abandonedonline.net/industry/crowell-publishing-company/ |date=November 4, 2013 }}, Abandoned. Retrieved October 16, 2013.</ref> [[Grace Kelly|Princess Grace of Monaco]] was featured on the cover, pregnant with her first child [[Caroline, Princess of Hanover|Caroline]].

==Books==
The company also published the ''[[Collier's Encyclopedia]]'', [[Collier Books]] and the ''Collier's Year Book''.

Patricia Fulford edited ''Over 100 Best Cartoons from Collier's, Ladies Home Journal, Redbook, The American Magazine, Saturday Evening Post, The New Yorker, Argosy, Sport'' (Checkerbooks, 1949), and ''Collier's'' cartoon editor Gurney Williams edited ''Collier's Kids: Cartoons from Collier's About Your Children'', Holt, 1952.

''Collier's'' fiction editor Knox Burger chose 19 stories for ''Collier's Best'' (Harper & Bros., 1951).<ref>''Saturday Review'', June 2, 1951 p. 12. Article: "Nineteen for the Easy Chair" by Charles Lee. Book review.</ref> He also selected ''Best Stories from Collier's'' (William Kimber, 1952). A huge history and collection appeared with the publication of the 558-page ''A Cavalcade of Collier's'', edited by Kenneth McArdle (Barnes, 1959).

[[Cornelius Ryan]]'s 1957 book ''One Minute to Ditch!'', about the successful ocean ditching of a Pan American Boeing 377 Stratocruiser, was an expansion of his ''Collier's'' article on December 21, 1956. Ryan was an associate editor of the magazine during the mid-1950s, and the novelist [[Lonnie Coleman]] was an editorial associate during that same period.

===Titles===
<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=A History of American Magazines, Vol. IV|last=Mott|first=Frank Luther|publisher=Harvard Press|year=1957|isbn=978-0674395503|location=Cambridge, MA|pages=453–479}}</ref>
* Collier's Once a Week (1888-1889)
* Once a Week, an Illustrated Weekly Newspaper (1889-1895)
* Collier's Weekly, an Illustrated Journal (1895-1904)
* Collier's, The National Weekly (1905-1957)

===First and last issues===
<ref name=":1" />
* First Issue: April 28, 1888
* Last Issue: January 4, 1957

===Publishing frequency===
<ref name=":1" />
* Weekly (1888-1953)
* Fortnightly (1953-1957)

===Publishers===
<ref name=":1" />
* P. F. Collier, New York (1888-1900)
* P. F. Collier and Son, New York (1900-1919)
* P. F. Collier & Son Company, editorial offices, New York; publication offices, Springfield, Ohio (1919-1934)
* Crowell Publishing Company, editorial offices, New York; publication offices, Springfield, Ohio (1934-1939)
* Crowell-Collier Publishing Company, editorial offices, New York; publication offices, Springfield, Ohio (1939-1957)

===Editors===
<ref name=":1" />
* Nugent Robinson (1888-1890)
* Mayo Williamson Hazeltine (1891)
* Julius Chambers (1892-1893)
* T.B. Connory (1893-1896)
* Daniel Lyons (1896-1898)
* Robert Joseph Collier (1898-1902)
* [[Norman Hapgood]] (1902-1913)
* [[Mark Sullivan (journalist)|Mark Sullivan]] (1913-1917)
* [[Finley Peter Dunne]] (1917-1919)
* Harford Powel Jr. (1919-1922)
* Richard J. Walsh (1922-1924)
* Loren Palmer (1924-1925)
* William L. Chenery (1925-1943)
* Charles Colebaugh (1943-1944)
* Henry La Cossitt (1944-1946)
* Walter Davenport (1946-1949)
* Louis Ruppel (1949-1952)
* Roger Dakin (1952-1955)
* Kenneth McArdle (1955-1957)
* Paul Clifford Smith, editor-in-chief, (1954-1957)

==See also==
* "[[Mnemonics (short story)|Mnemonics]]" by [[Kurt Vonnegut]]
* "[[The Mother Hive]]" by [[Rudyard Kipling]]
* "[[The Package (short story)|The Package]]" by Kurt Vonnegut
* "[[Poison (story)|Poison]]" by [[Roald Dahl]]
* "[[Thanasphere]]" by Kurt Vonnegut
* "[[There Will Come Soft Rains (short story)|There Will Come Soft Rains]]" by [[Ray Bradbury]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==Sources==
* {{cite book |last=Lerner |first=Mark |ref=Lerner |title=Charles R. Chickering: Cachetmaker - Part I |publisher=<br>American First Day Cover Society |year=2010 |page=10 }}, [https://web.archive.org/web/20121202130805/http://www.afdcs.org/July15FirstDays.pdf Book]

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* [https://archive.org/details/pub_colliers-the-national-weekly ''Collier's: The National Weekly''] collection at the [[Internet Archive]]
* [http://archives.nypl.org/uploads/collection/pdf_finding_aid/crowellcollier.pdf Finding Aid, Crowell-Collier Publishing Company Records, 1931-1955] (PDF). The New York Public Library Humanities and Social Sciences Library Manuscripts and Archives Division.
* [http://allthingsger.blogspot.com/search/label/Collier%27s ''Collier's'' cartoons]
* [http://www.magazineart.org/artists/artistlist.html#COLLIERS_WEEKLY ''Collier's'' cover illustrators]
* [http://colescomics.blogspot.com/search?q=collier%27s First ''Collier's'' cartoon sale by Jack Cole]
* [https://magazineart.org/piwigo/index.php?/category/254 Online archive of ''Collier's'' covers]
* [http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p16028coll4/id/17594 ''Catalogue of the Collier collection, an important collection of original drawings and paintings by distinguished American painters and illustrators, works especially executed for and exclusively reproduced in Collier's weekly''], P. F. Collier & Son, 1905
* [http://www.oldmagazinearticles.com/article-summary/colleirs-magazine ''Collier's Magazine'' article from ''Scribner's Magazine'', 1938.]

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Collier's| ]]
[[Category:1888 establishments in Ohio]]
[[Category:1957 disestablishments in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Defunct literary magazines published in the United States]]
[[Category:Defunct political magazines published in the United States]]
[[Category:Magazines established in 1888]]
[[Category:Magazines disestablished in 1957]]
[[Category:Defunct magazines published in New York City]]
[[Category:Magazines published in Ohio]]
[[Category:News magazines published in the United States]]
[[Category:Progressive Era in the United States]]
[[Category:Weekly magazines published in the United States]]