Editing Comparison of operating systems

{{Short description|None}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2021}}
These tables provide a '''comparison of operating systems''', of computer devices, as listing general and technical information for a number of widely used and currently available [[personal computer|PC]] or handheld (including [[smartphone]] and [[tablet computer]]) [[operating system]]s. The article "[[Usage share of operating systems]]" provides a broader, and more general, comparison of operating systems that includes [[Server (computing)|servers]], [[Mainframe computer|mainframes]] and [[supercomputer]]s.

Because of the large number and variety of available [[Linux distribution]]s, they are all grouped under a single entry; see [[comparison of Linux distributions]] for a detailed comparison. There is also a variety of BSD and DOS operating systems, covered in [[comparison of BSD operating systems]] and [[comparison of DOS operating systems]].
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== Nomenclature ==
The nomenclature for operating systems varies among providers and sometimes within providers.
For purposes of this article the terms used are;
;kernel
:In some operating systems, the OS is split into a low level region called the kernel and higher level code that relies on the kernel. Typically the kernel implements processes but its code does not run as part of a process.{{disputed inline|Proposed nomenclature section|date=November 2023}}
:;hybrid kernel
:;monolithic kernel
;Nucleus
:In some operating systems there is OS code permanently present in a contiguous region of memory addressable by unprivileged code; in IBM systems this is typically referred to as the nucleus. The nucleus typically contains both code that requires special privileges and code that can run in an unprivileged state.  Typically some code in the nucleus runs in the context of a dispatching unit, e.g., address space, process, task, thread, while other code runs independent of any dispatching unit.  In contemporary operating systems unprivileged applications cannot alter the nucleus.

License and pricing policies also vary among different systems. The tables below use the following terms:
;[[BSD licenses|BSD]]

:'''BSD licenses''' are a family of [[permissive free software license]]s, imposing minimal restrictions on the use and distribution of covered software.
;bundled
:The fee is included in the price of the hardware
;bundled initially
:The fee is included in the price of the hardware but upgrades require an additional fee.
;[[GNU General Public License#Version 2|GPL2]]
;[[GNU General Public License#Version 3|GPL3]]
;Per user
:The fee depends on the maximum number of users concurrently logged on.
;[[Million service units|MSU]]
:The fee depends on the resources consumed by the user
;MULC
:Measured Usage License Charges
;PSLC
:Parallel Sysplex Software Pricing

== General information ==
{{clear}}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: smaller; text-align: center; width: auto; sortby: name;"
|-
! scope="col" | Name
! scope="col" | Creator
! scope="col" | Initial public release
! scope="col" | Predecessor
! scope="col" | Current stable version
! scope="col" | Release date
! scope="col" | Cost, availability
! scope="col" | Preferred [[Software license|license]]<ref name="license" group="g"/>
! scope="col" | Target system type
|-
! scope="row" | [[IBM AIX|AIX]]	
| [[IBM]]
| 1986
| [[UNIX System V]] Release 3
| 7.3
| {{dts|June 20, 2022}}
| {{Nonfree|Commercial}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[Server (computing)|Server]], [[network-attached storage|NAS]], [[workstation]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[AIX/370]]
| [[IBM]]
| 1989
| [[IX/370]]
| Release 2.1?
| {{date table sorting|Feb 22, 1991}}
| {{Nonfree}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[IBM System/370]]

AIX/ESA V1 & V2
|-
! scope="row" | [[AIX/ESA]]
| [[IBM]]
| 1992
| [[AIX/370]], [[OSF/1]]
| Version 2 Release 2
| {{date table sorting|Feb 26, 1993}}
| {{Nonfree}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[ESA/370]]<br>[[IBM System/390]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[AmigaOS]] classic	
| [[Commodore International]], [[Haage & Partner]], [[Hyperion Entertainment]]
| 1985
| [[TRIPOS]] (as the disk operating component of AmigaOS)
| [[AmigaOS versions#AmigaOS 3.5.2C 3.9|3.2.2.1]]
| {{dts|April 23, 2023}}
| {{Nonfree|Bundled with hardware up to version 3.0 (Amiga International hardware came with 3.1); versions 2.1, 3.0, 3.1, 3.5, 3.9 and the more recent 3.2 (2021) also available as separate packages}}
| {{Proprietary}}, open source clone available under [[AROS]] Public License
| [[Workstation]], [[personal computer]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[AmigaOS 4]]	
| Hyperion Entertainment
| 2004
| AmigaOS classic
| 4.1 Final Edition Update 2.1
| {{dts|2021-01-12}}
| {{Nonfree|4.0 bundled with hardware; 4.0 for classic and 4.1 available as standalone package at €29}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[Workstation]], [[personal computer]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[Android (operating system)|Android]]
| [[Android, Inc.]], [[Google]]
| 2008
| None
| [[Android 15|15]]
| {{dts|October 15, 2024}}
| {{Free|[[Gratis versus libre|No cost]]}}
| {{open source|AOSP: [[Apache License|Apache-2.0]]<br />Linux: [[GNU General Public License|GPL-2.0-only]]}}
| [[Smartphone]], [[tablet computer]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[ArcaOS]]
| Arca Noae, LLC
| 2017
| OS/2
| 5.1.0
| {{dts|August 27, 2023}}
| {{Nonfree|Personal edition {{US$|139.00}}<br>Commercial edition {{US$|249.00}}}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[Server (computing)|Server]], [[workstation]], [[personal computer]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[Classic Mac OS]] <small>([[retronym]]; had no name originally, later Macintosh System Software)</small>
| [[Apple Computer, Inc.]] (now [[Apple Inc.]])
| 1984
| None<ref name="Lisa" group="g" /><ref name="Mac" group="g" />
| 9.2.2
| {{dts|2000}}
| {{Nonfree|Discontinued; Was bundled with [[68k]] and [[PowerPC]] Macs;
versions 7.1-9 sold as retail upgrades<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pogue |first=David |author-link=David Pogue |url=http://www.toddp.com/classic/Software%20Install/Apple%20Support%20Documents/Macintosh%20Secrets/Mac%20Secrets%204th%20ed./ch06.pdf |title=MacWorld Macintosh Secrets 4th edition - Chapter 6: The System Software Museum |page=225 |date=January 1997 |access-date=2017-10-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171017214028/http://www.toddp.com/classic/Software%20Install/Apple%20Support%20Documents/Macintosh%20Secrets/Mac%20Secrets%204th%20ed./ch06.pdf |archive-date=2017-10-17 |url-status=live}}</ref>}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[Workstation]], [[personal computer]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[ChromeOS]]
| [[Google]]
| 2011
| none
| 129.0.6668.99
| {{dts|October 1, 2024}}
| {{Nonfree|Bundled with hardware, [[32-bit x86|32-bit]] edition dropped}}
| {{Proprietary}}: Google OS Terms of Service. Open-source core system
| [[Chromebook]], [[Chromebox]], [[Chromebase]] and [[tablet computer|tablet]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[ChromiumOS]]
| [[Google]]
| 2009
| none
| [[Rolling release]]
| {{dts|October 7, 2021}}
| {{Free|[[Gratis versus libre|No cost]]}}
| {{open source|[[BSD licenses|BSD]]<br />Linux Kernel [[GNU General Public License|GPL-2.0-only]]}}
| [[Personal computer]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[DragonFly BSD]]
| [[Matthew Dillon (computer scientist)|Matthew Dillon]]
| 2003
| FreeBSD
| 6.4.0
| {{dts|June 9, 2022}}
| {{Free|[[Gratis versus libre|No cost]]}}
| {{open source|[[BSD licenses|BSD]]}}
| [[Server (computing)|Server]], [[workstation]], NAS, [[embedded system]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[eComStation]]
| Serenity Systems, Mensys BV
| 2001
| OS/2
| 2.1
| {{dts|May 20, 2011}}
| {{Nonfree|Discontinued; Commercial}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[Server (computing)|Server]], [[workstation]], [[personal computer]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[EPOC32]]
| [[Psion PLC]]
| 1996
|
| ER5
| {{dts|1999}}
| {{Nonfree|Discontinued; Commercial}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[Personal digital assistant|PDA]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[EulerOS]]
| [[Huawei]]
| 2021
| None
| V2.0SP8
| 2022
| {{Free|[[Gratis versus libre|No cost]]}}
| {{open source|[[Open source]]}}
| [[Server (computing)|Server]], [[workstation]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[FreeBSD]]
| The FreeBSD Project
| 1993
| [[386BSD]]
| 14.1
| {{dts|June 4, 2024}}
| {{Free|[[Gratis versus libre|No cost]]}}
| {{open source|[[BSD licenses|BSD]]}}
| [[Server (computing)|Server]], [[workstation]], Desktop, NAS, embedded system
|-
! scope="row" | [[Genode]]
| Genode Labs
| 2008
| None
| {{wikidata|property|edit|reference|Q16527380|P348}}
| {{start date and age|{{wikidata|qualifier|Q16527380|P348|P577}}}}
| {{Free|[[Gratis versus libre|No cost]]}}
| {{open source|[[GNU Affero General Public License|AGPL-3.0-only]]}}
| Desktop, embedded system, [[server (computing)|server]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[GhostBSD]]
| Eric Turgeon
| 2009
| FreeBSD
| 21.05<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ghostbsd.org/GhostBSD_21.05.11_ISO_now_available|title=GhostBSD 21.05.11 ISO now available|access-date=2021-06-25}}</ref>
| {{dts|May 13, 2021}}
| {{Free|[[Gratis versus libre|No cost]]}}
| {{open source|[[BSD licenses|BSD]]}}
| Desktop, [[workstation]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[Linux]]
| Notable contributors include: [[Richard Stallman]] for [[GNU Project]] and [[Linus Torvalds]] for [[Linux]] and the Unixes they emulated; [[Red Hat]], [[Debian Project]] See: [[Comparison of Linux distributions]] and [[Linux kernel#Development]]
| 1991 (kernel), See: [[Comparison of Linux distributions]] and [[History of Linux]]
| None
| {{wikidata|property|edit|reference|Q14579|P548=Q2804309|P348}} (kernel)
| {{start date and age|{{wikidata|qualifier|Q14579|P548=Q2804309|P348|P577}}}} (kernel)
| {{Free|[[Gratis versus libre|No cost]]}}
| {{open source|[[GNU General Public License|GPL-2.0-only]]}} (kernel)
| See: [[Comparison of Linux distributions]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[Haiku (operating system)|Haiku]]
| Haiku Inc.
| 2002
| [[BeOS R5]]
| R1/Beta 5
| September 13, 2024
| {{Free|[[Gratis versus libre|No cost]]}}
| {{open source|[[MIT License|MIT]]}}
| [[Personal computer]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[NonStop (server computers)|HP NonStop]]
| [[Hewlett-Packard|HP]] (now [[Hewlett Packard Enterprise]])
| 1976
| None
| H06.24/J06.13
| {{dts|2012}}
| {{Nonfree|Bundled with hardware?}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| HP Nonstop Servers
|-
! scope="row" | [[HP-UX]]
| [[Hewlett-Packard|HP]] (now [[Hewlett Packard Enterprise]])
| 1983
| [[UNIX System V]]
|  HP-UX 11i v3 2023&nbsp;/ May&nbsp;2023
| {{dts|May 2022}}
| {{Nonfree|US$400}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[Server (computing)|Server]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[HarmonyOS]]
| [[Huawei]]
| 2019
| [[OpenHarmony]], [[LiteOS]]
| 5.0.0.102(SP3C00E73R4P17)
| October 23, 2024
| {{Nonfree|Bundled with hardware and updates at no cost given to most existing users, subject to hardware requirements}}
| {{Proprietary}} software except for open-source components
| [[Internet of things]], [[Smartphone]], [[tablet computer]], [[educational software|education]], [[embedded system]], [[smart watches]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[IBM i]]	
| [[IBM]]
| 1988
| [[Control Program Facility|CPF]], [[System Support Program|SSP]]
| 7.5
| {{dts|May 10, 2022}}
| {{Nonfree|Bundled with hardware}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[Server (computing)|Server]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[Inferno (operating system)|Inferno]]
| [[Bell Labs]]
| 1996
| [[Plan 9 from Bell Labs|Plan 9]]
| Fourth Edition
| {{dts|June 30, 2009}}
| {{Free|[[Gratis versus libre|No cost]]}}
| {{open source|[[MIT License|MIT]]}}
| NAS, [[server (computing)|server]], embedded
|-
! scope="row" | [[iOS]] (originally iPhone OS)
| [[Apple Inc.]]
| 2007
| macOS
| 17.1.1
| {{dts|November 7, 2023 }}
| {{Nonfree|Bundled with hardware and updates at no cost given to most existing users, subject to hardware requirements}}
| {{Proprietary}} higher level API layers; open source core system (ARM versions): [[Apple Public Source License|APSL]], GNU GPL, others
| [[Smartphone]], [[portable media player|music player]], [[tablet computer|tablet]]
|-

! scope="row" | [[IRIX]]
| [[Silicon Graphics|SGI]]
| 1988
| UNIX System V
| 6.5.30
| {{dts|2006}}
| {{Nonfree|Discontinued; Bundled with hardware}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[Server (computing)|Server]], [[workstation]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[IX/370]]
| [[IBM]]
| 1985
| UNIX System V
| Release 1.4?
| {{date table sorting|Sep 25, 1987}}
| {{Nonfree}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[IBM System/370]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[macOS]] (originally [[Mac OS X]])
| [[Apple Inc.]]
| 2001
| [[NeXTSTEP]], [[Berkeley Software Distribution|BSD]]
| 15.1
| October 28, 2024
| {{Nonfree|Bundled with hardware; No cost for updates and upgrades via Mac App Store for users of Mac OS X 10.6 or later}}
| {{Proprietary}} higher level API layers; open source core system (Apple Silicon-Intel-PowerPC versions): [[Apple Public Source License|APSL]], GNU GPL, others
| [[Workstation]], [[personal computer]], embedded
|-
! scope="row" | [[macOS Server]] (originally [[Mac OS X Server]])
| [[Apple Inc.]]
| 2001
| NeXTSTEP, BSD
| 5.12
| {{dts|May 2, 2021}}
| {{Nonfree|Discontinued; Previously bundled with hardware; No longer a separate operating system, but a group of services installed atop any version of macOS Monterey; US$19.99 on the Mac App Store}}
| {{Proprietary}} higher level API layers; open source core system (Intel-PowerPC versions): APSL, GNU GPL, others
| [[Server (computing)|Server]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[Burroughs MCP|MCP]]
| [[Unisys]]
| 1961
| None
| CP OS 20.0
| {{dts|May 2021}}
| {{Nonfree|Bundled with hardware}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[Server (computing)|Server]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[MenuetOS]]
| [[Ville Turjanmaa]] and others
| 2000
| None
| 1.49.00
| {{dts|2023}}
| OS written in assembly language
| {{open source|[[GPL]] or [[Gratis versus libre|No cost]]}}
| [[Workstation]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[MINIX 3]]
| [[Andrew S. Tanenbaum]]
| 2005
| Minix2
| 3.3.0
| {{dts|2014}}
| {{Free|[[Gratis versus libre|No cost]]}}
| {{open source|[[BSD licenses|BSD-3-Clause]]}}
| [[Workstation]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[Multi-Programming Executive|MPE]]
| [[Hewlett-Packard|HP]]
| 1974
| None
| MPE-V
| {{dts|1988}}
| {{Nonfree|Discontinued; Was bundled with HP-3000 CISC hardware "Classic"}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[Server (computing)|Server]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[MPE/XL]]
| [[Hewlett-Packard|HP]]
| 1987
| [[Multi-Programming Executive|MPE]]
| 7.5
| {{dts|2002}}
| {{Nonfree|Discontinued; Was bundled with HP-3000 PA-RISC hardware}} <!--discontinued computers, pre PA-RISC, PA-RISC (and OS? available on Itanium?) "MPE, HP intended to make Patches available through December 2015, even after the World Wide End of Support on December 31, 2010"-->
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[Server (computing)|Server]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[MVS]]<br>([[OS/VS2]] R2 through R3.8)
| [[IBM]]
| 1972
| [[OS/360]] MVT, [[OS/VS2 (SVS)|SVS]]
| Release 3.8
| {{dts|1974}}
| {{free|Free (discontinued)}}
| {{open source}}
| [[IBM System/370]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[MVS]]<br>(MVS/SE through MVS/ESA)
| [[IBM]]
| March 1978
| OS/VS2 R3.7 for MVS/SE R1<br>OS/VS2 R3.8 for MVS/SE R2 through MVS/ESA
| [[z/OS]] Version 2.5 (V2R5)
| {{dts|September 30, 2021}}
| {{nonfree|Price tied to processor capacity}}
| {{Proprietary|One Time Charge or monthly}}
| [[IBM System/370|S/370]]
[[IBM System/370-XA|S/370-XA]]
[[IBM Enterprise Systems Architecture#ESA/370 architecture|S/370-ESA]]
[[IBM Enterprise Systems Architecture#ESA/390 architecture|ESA/390]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[NetBSD]]
| The NetBSD Project
| 1993
| [[386BSD]]
| 9.3
| {{dts|August 4, 2022}}
| {{Free|[[Gratis versus libre|No cost]]}}
| {{open source|[[BSD licenses|BSD]]}}
| NAS, [[server (computing)|server]], [[workstation]], embedded
|-
! scope="row" | [[Novell NetWare|NetWare]]
| [[Novell]]
| 1985
| [[Novell S-Net|S-Net]]
| 6.5 SP8
| {{dts|May 6, 2009}}
| {{Nonfree|Superseded by [[Novell Open Enterprise Server]]; Was {{US$|184|2009}} (one-user)}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[Server (computing)|Server]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[NeXTSTEP]]
| [[NeXT]]
| 1989
| Unix
| 3.3
| {{dts|1995}}
| {{Nonfree|Discontinued; Was bundled with hardware, then sold separately}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[Workstation]]
|-
! scope="row" |[[OpenBSD]]
| OpenBSD Project
| 1996
| NetBSD 1.0
| 7.4
| {{dts|October 16, 2023}}
| {{Free|[[Gratis versus libre|No cost]]}}
| {{open source|[[ISC license|ISC]]}}
| [[Server (computing)|Server]], NAS, [[workstation]], embedded
|-
! scope="row" | [[OpenIndiana]]
| Many, based on software developed by [[Sun Microsystems]] and many others
| 2010
| [[OpenSolaris]]
| 2023.04
| {{dts|April 30, 2021}}
| {{Free|[[Gratis versus libre|No cost]]}}
| {{open source|[[CDDL]]}}
| [[Server (computing)|Server]], [[workstation]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[OpenVMS]]
| [[Digital Equipment Corporation|DEC]] (now VSI)
| 1977
| [[RSX-11]]M
| V9.2-3
| {{dts|November 20, 2024}}
| {{Nonfree|Commercial, no cost for non-commercial use}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[Server (computing)|Server]], [[workstation]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[OpenHarmony]]
| Various ([[OpenAtom Foundation]], [[Huawei]] and others)
| 2020
| [[HarmonyOS]], [[LiteOS]]
| 5.0.0 Release
| September 29, 2024
| {{Free|[[Gratis versus libre|No cost]]}}
| {{open source|[[Apache License|Apache-2.0]]}}
| [[Internet of things]], [[embedded system]], [[smart watches]], [[Mobile device|mobile devices]], [[Personal computer|personal computers]]
|-
!Oniro
|Various ([[Eclipse Foundation]], [[Huawei]] and others)
|2021
|None
|4.1
|June 21, 2024
|{{Free|[[Gratis versus libre|No cost]]}}
|{{open source|[[Eclipse Public License|Eclipse License]], [[Apache License|Apache-2.0]]}}
|[[Internet of things]], [[embedded system]], [[smart watches]], [[Mobile device|mobile devices]], [[Personal computer|personal computers]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[OS/2]]
| [[IBM]] and [[Microsoft]]
| 1987
| [[MS-DOS]]
| 4.52
| {{dts|2001}}
| {{Nonfree|Discontinued (see ArcaOS successor); Was {{US$|300|2001}} }}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[Personal computer]], [[server (computing)|server]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[OS/360]]	
| [[IBM]]
| 1966
| None
| Operating System/360 R21.8
| {{dts|August 1972}}
| {{free|Free (discontinued)}}
| {{open source}}
| [[S/360]]<br>[[S/370]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[OS/390]]	
| [[IBM]]
| 1995
| [[MVS/ESA]]
| OS/390 version 2 R10
| {{dts|September 29, 2000}}
| {{nonfree|Price tied to processor capacity}}
| {{Proprietary|One Time Charge or monthly}}
| [[S/390]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[OS 2200]]
| [[Unisys]]
| 1967 as Exec 8e
| [[OS 2200#Exec 8|Exec 8]], OS 1100
| CP OS 18 (Exec 49.2)
| {{dts|July 18, 2018}}
| {{Nonfree|Bundled with hardware}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[Server (computing)|Server]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[OS/VS1]]
| [[IBM]]
| {{dts|1972}}
| [[OS/360]] MFT II
| Release 7.0?
|
| {{free|Free (discontinued)}}
| {{n/a}}
| [[IBM System/370]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[OS/VS2]] [[OS/VS2 (SVS)|SVS]]
| [[IBM]]
| {{dts|1972}}
| [[OS/360]] MVT
| Release 1.7
|
| {{free|Free (discontinued)}}
| {{n/a}}
| [[IBM System/370]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[Plan 9 from Bell Labs|Plan 9]]
| [[Bell Labs]]
| 1992
| Unix
| Fourth Edition
| {{dts|2003}} (except for minor later updates)
| {{Free|[[Gratis versus libre|No cost]]}}
| {{open source|[[MIT License|MIT]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://marc.info/?l=9fans&m=161650489113326|title = '&#91;9fans&#93; Transfer of Plan 9 to the Plan 9 Foundation' - MARC}}</ref>}}
| [[Workstation]], [[server (computing)|server]], embedded system, [[high-performance computing|HPC]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[QNX]]
| QNX Software Systems
| 1982
| [[Unix]], [[POSIX]]
| 7.1.0
| {{dts|July 2020}}
| {{Nonfree|Bundled with BlackBerry 10 and PlayBook devices. Commercial; an academic version exists that needs authorization code before installing}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| Automotive, medical, smartphone, consumer, industrial, embedded system, safety
|-
! scope="row" | [[ReactOS]]
| ReactOS development team
| 1998
| [[Windows NT]] <small>([[clone (computing)|clone]] of)</small>
| 0.4.14
| {{dts|April 9, 2020}}
| {{Free|[[Gratis versus libre|No cost]]}}
| {{open source|[[GNU General Public License|GPL-2.0-or-later]]}}
| [[Workstation]], [[personal computer]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[Redox (operating_system)| Redox]]	
| Jeremy Soller
| 2015
| -
| 0.7.0
| {{dts|April 28, 2022}}
| {{Free|[[Gratis versus libre|No cost]]}}
| {{open source|[[MIT License|MIT]]}}
| [[Desktop_computer|Desktop]], [[workstation]], [[server (computing)|server]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[RISC iX]]
| [[Acorn Computers]]
| 1988
| BSD 4.3
| 1.21c
| {{dts|1993}}
| {{Nonfree|Discontinued; Was bundled with hardware}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[Workstation]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[RISC OS]]
| Acorn Computers
| 1987
| [[History of RISC OS#Early development|Arthur]]
| 3.71
| {{dts|1997}}
| {{Nonfree|Discontinued; Was bundled with hardware}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| Education, [[personal computer]]
|-
! scope="row" | RISC OS 4
| [[RISCOS Ltd]], [[Pace plc]]
| 1999
| RISC OS
| 4.39
| {{dts|2004}}
| {{Nonfree|Bundled with hardware, then sold separately at £70 (US$127)}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| Education, [[personal computer]]
|-
! scope="row" | RISC OS 5
| [[Castle Technology]], [[RISC OS Open]]
| 2002
| RISC OS 4
| 5.28<ref name='ROOL news 2020-10-24'>{{cite web |url=https://www.riscosopen.org/news/articles/2020/10/24/risc-os-5-28-now-available |title=RISC OS 5.28 now available |access-date=2020-10-24 |last=Revill |first=Steve |date=24 October 2020 |publisher=[[RISC OS Open]]}}</ref>
| {{dts|2020}}
| {{Free|[[Gratis versus libre|No cost]]}}
| {{open source|[[Apache License|Apache-2.0]]}}
| Education, [[personal computer]]
|-
! scope="row" | RISC OS 6
| RISCOS Ltd
| 2006
| RISC OS 4
| 6.20
| {{dts|2009}}<!--not an error... older than RISC OS 5-->
| {{Nonfree|Bundled with hardware, then sold separately at £70 (US$127)}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| Education, [[personal computer]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[SerenityOS]]
| Andreas Kling
| 2018
| None
| [[Continuous integration]]
| N/A
| {{Free|[[Gratis versus libre|No cost]]}}
| {{open source|[[BSD-2-Clause]]}}
| [[Workstation]], [[personal computer]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[Solaris (operating system)|Solaris]]
| [[Sun Microsystems|Sun]] (now [[Oracle Corporation]])
| 1992
| [[SunOS]]
| 11.4
| {{dts|August 28, 2018}}
| {{depends|Commercial; (a perpetual license at no cost when used "for the purpose of developing, testing, prototyping and demonstrating your applications"<ref name="Oracle Solaris OTN License">{{cite web|url=http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/licenses/solaris-cluster-express-license-167852.html |title=Oracle Solaris OTN License |publisher=Oracle.com |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>)}}
| {{open source|[[Common Development and Distribution License|CDDL]]}}
| [[Server (computing)|Server]], [[workstation]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[XTS-400|STOP 6, XTS-400]]
| [[BAE Systems]]
| 2003
| STOP 5, XTS-300
| 8.2
| {{dts|August 2008}}
| {{Nonfree|{{US$|60,000|2008}}+; bundled with XTS hardware and [[Original equipment manufacturer|OEM licensed]]}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[Server (computing)|Server]], [[workstation]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[Symbian]]
| [[Symbian Ltd.]]
| 1998
| EPOC32
| 9.5
| {{dts|2009}}
| {{Nonfree|Discontinued; Commercial}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[Smartphone|Phone]]
|-
! scope="row" | Symbian platform
| [[Symbian Foundation]]
| 2010 (initially 1998 as Symbian)
| Symbian
| 3.0.4
| {{dts|2010}}
| {{Free|[[Gratis versus libre|No cost]]}}
| {{open source|[[Eclipse Public License|EPL]]}}
| Embedded system
|-
! scope="row" | [[TempleOS]]
| [[Terry Davis]]
| 2005 (as J Operating System)
| None
| 5.03
| {{dts|2017}}
| {{Free|[[Gratis versus libre|No cost]]}}
| {{open source| [[Public domain]]}}
| [[Personal computer]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[Tru64]]	
| [[Digital Equipment Corporation]]
| January 1992
| [[OSF/1]]
| 5.1B-6
| {{dts|October 1, 2010}}
| {{Nonfree|Bundled with hardware}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[Server (computing)|Server]], [[workstation]], [[high-performance computing|HPC]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[ICL VME|VME]]
| [[International Computers Limited|ICL]]
| 1974
| None
| SV294
| {{dts|1994}}
| {{Nonfree|Bundled with hardware}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[International Computers Limited|ICL mainframe]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[VSE (operating system)|VSE<sup>n</sup>]]
| 21st Century Software
| 1979 (as DOS/VSE)
| [[DOS/360]]<br>[[DOS/VS]]
| 6.3
| {{dts|2022-05-17}}
| {{Nonfree|Monthly license fee}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[IBM Z]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[VxWorks]]
| [[Wind River Systems]]
| 1987
| [[Versatile Real-Time Executive|VRTX]]
| 7
| {{dts|March 2014}}
| {{Nonfree|Paid}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| Embedded real-time system
|-
! scope="row" | Windows (classic 9x family)
| [[Microsoft]]
| 1995
| [[MS-DOS]]
| [[Windows Me]] (Win 4.90.3000)
| {{dts|2000}}
| {{Nonfree|Discontinued}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[Personal computer]], media center
|-
! scope="row" | [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] ([[Windows NT#Releases|NT family]])
| [[Microsoft]]
| 1993
| [[OS/2]] and [[Windows 3.1x]]
| [[Windows 11]] (version 24H2)
| {{dts|June 15, 2024}}
| {{Nonfree|One time license fee}}
| {{Proprietary}}; [[Source-available software|Source-available]]
| [[Workstation]], [[personal computer]], [[home theater PC|media center]], {{nowrap|[[Microsoft Tablet PC|Tablet PC]]}}, embedded system
|-
! scope="row" | [[Windows Server]] (NT family)
| [[Microsoft]]
| 1993
| [[OS/2]]
| [[Windows Server 2025]] (version 10.0.26100.2605)
| November 1, 2024
| {{Nonfree|US$1050 5 CALs server; other editions dependent on number of [[Client Access License|CALs]] purchased}}
| {{Proprietary}}; [[Source-available software|Source-available]]
| [[Server (computing)|Server]], NAS, embedded system
|-
! scope="row" | [[z/OS]]
| [[IBM]]
| 2000
| [[OS/390]]
| Version 2.5 (V2R5)
| {{dts|September 30, 2021}}
| {{nonfree|Price tied to processor capacity}}
| {{Proprietary|One Time Charge or monthly}}
| [[IBM Z]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[z/VM]]
| [[IBM]]
| 2000
| [[VM (operating system)|VM/ESA]]
| 7.4
| {{dts|September 20, 2024}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vm.ibm.com/zvm740/ |title=Introducing IBM z/VM 7.4|date=August 6, 2024 }}</ref>
| {{Nonfree|Monthly license fee}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[IBM Z]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[Magnussoft ZETA|ZETA]]
| [[yellowTAB]]
| 2005
| [[BeOS R5]]
| 1.5
| {{dts|2007}}
| {{Nonfree|Discontinued}}
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[Personal computer]], media center, [[workstation]]
|- class="sortbottom"
! Name
! Creator
! abbr="Initial release" | Initial public release
! Predecessor
! Current stable version
! Release date
! Cost, availability
! Preferred license<ref name="license" group="g"/>
! Target system type
|}

{{Reflist|group="g"|refs=
<ref name="license">Most OS distributions include bundled software with various other licenses.</ref>
<ref name="Lisa">{{cite web|url=https://www.folklore.org/StoryView.py?project=Macintosh&story=Hungarian.txt|title=Hungarian|work=The Original Macintosh Anecdotes}}. Although [[Lisa OS]] ran on the same, but a slower variant, microprocessor and was developed by [[Apple Computer Inc.]] at the same time as [[Classic Mac OS]], they were developed as different projects, only sharing a similar GUI between them.</ref>
<ref name="Mac">[[Mac OS 7.6]] was the first Macintosh system software to be labeled [[Classic Mac OS|Mac OS]]. Operating systems before this were named [[System 1|Macintosh System Software]] through [[System 7|System Software 7.5]], and known as System #.# for short.</ref>
}}

== Technical information ==
{{sort-under}}
{| class="wikitable sortable sort-under" style="font-size: smaller; text-align: center; width: auto;"
|-
! Name
! scope="col" | [[Computer architecture]]s supported
! scope="col" | [[File system]]s supported
! scope="col" | [[Kernel (operating system)|Kernel]] type
! scope="col" | [[Source lines of code]]
! scope="col" |[[graphical user interface|GUI]] default is on<ref name="GUI" group="t"/>
! scope="col" | [[package management system|Package management]]
! scope="col" | Update management
! scope="col" | Native [[application programming interface|API]]s<ref name="API" group="t"/>
! scope="col" | Non-native APIs supported through subsystems
|-
! scope="row" | [[AIX operating system|AIX]]
| [[IBM POWER Instruction Set Architecture|POWER]], [[RS64|PowerPC-AS]], [[PowerPC]], [[Power ISA]]
| [[IBM Journaled File System 2 (JFS2)|JFS]], [[IBM Journaled File System 2 (JFS2)|JFS2]], [[ISO 9660]], [[Universal Disk Format|UDF]], [[Network File System (protocol)|NFS]], [[SMBFS]], [[GPFS]]
| [[monolithic kernel|Monolithic]] with [[loadable kernel module|modules]]
|
| {{No}} 
| installp, [[RPM Package Manager|RPM]]
| [[Service Update Management Assistant]] (SUMA)
| [[System V|SysV]]/[[POSIX]]
|
|-
! scope="row" | [[AmigaOS]] classic
| [[68k]], [[PowerPC]]
| Proprietary ([[Amiga Old File System|OFS]], [[Amiga Fast File System|FFS]], [[Smart File System|SFS]], [[Professional File System|PFS]]), [[File Allocation Table|FAT]], ISO 9660, UDF, many others via 3rd party drivers, such as [[SMBFS]], etc.
| [[Microkernel]]
|
| {{Yes}} 
| [[AmigaOS#AmigaOS 2.x user interface improvements|Installer]]<ref name="AmigaOSinstaller" group="t"/> (almost not needed)<ref name="AmigaOSinstallation" group="t"/>
|
| Proprietary
| [[Berkeley Software Distribution|BSD]] subset (available through 3rd party [[ixemul.library]])
|-
! scope="row" | [[AmigaOS 4|AmigaOS&nbsp;4]]
| PowerPC
| Proprietary (OFS, FFS, SFS, PFS), JXFS, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, many others via 3rd party drivers, such as SMBFS, etc.
| Microkernel
|
| {{Yes}} 
| Installer<ref name="AmigaOSinstaller" group="t"/> (almost not needed)<ref name="AmigaOSinstallation" group="t"/>
| [http://www.amiupdate.net/ AmiUpdate] (almost not needed)<ref name="AmiUpdate" group="t"/>
| Proprietary
| BSD subset (available through 3rd party [[ixemul.library]])
|-
! scope="row" | [[ArcaOS]]
| [[IA-32]]
| [[JFS (file system)|JFS]] (default), [[High Performance File System|HPFS]], [[ISO 9660]], [[Universal Disk Format|UDF]], [[FAT32]], [[NTFS]]
| Hybrid
|
| {{Yes}} 
| ANPM (based on YUM and RPM)
| Update Facility
| OS/2
| POSIX, Win16, DOS, Win32, Java
|-
! scope="row" | [[ChromeOS]]
| [[ARM architecture|ARM]], [[IA-32]], [[x86-64]]
| [[eCryptfs]], [[NTFS]], [[File Allocation Table|FAT]], [[FAT16]], [[FAT32]], [[exFAT]], [[ext2]], [[ext3]], [[ext4]], [[HFS+]], [[Media Transfer Protocol|MTP]] (read and write), [[ISO9660]] (read-only), [[Universal Disk Format|UDF]] (read-only)
| Monolithic with modules
| ≈17 million<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.openhub.net/p/chrome|title=The Chromium (Google Chrome) Open Source Project on Open Hub|work=openhub.net}}</ref>
| {{Yes}} 
| [[Portage (software)|Portage]]
|
| Linux/POSIX
|
|-
! scope="row" | [[DragonFly BSD]]
| [[x86-64]]
| [[Unix file system|UFS1]], MFS, [[ext2]], [[File Allocation Table|FAT (16/32)]], [[HAMMER (file system)|HAMMER]], [[ISO 9660]]
| [[Hybrid kernel|Hybrid]]
| 
| {{No}} 
| [[Ports collection|dports]], pkg
| git, [[cvsup]], rsync, pkg
| [[BSD]]/POSIX
| Mono, Java, Win16,<ref name="Wine" group="t"/> [[Win32]],<ref name="Wine" group="t"/> Linux
|-
! scope="row" | [[eComStation]]
| [[IA-32]]
| [[High Performance File System|HPFS]] (default), FAT, [[JFS (file system)|JFS]], UDF, [[FAT32]], [[NTFS]] (read only)
| Hybrid
|
| {{Yes}} 
| WarpIN, Feature Install, others
| Maintenance Tool
| Proprietary, [[DOS API]], Win16
| POSIX, [[Java (programming language)|Java]], others
|-
! scope="row" | [[FreeBSD]]
| [[IA-32]], [[x86-64]], [[ARM architecture|ARM]], [[MIPS architecture|MIPS]], [[PowerPC]], [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/committers-guide/archs.html others] <!-- List only tier 1 architectures by name -->
| [[Unix file system|UFS2]], [[ZFS]], [[ext2]], [[ext3]], [[ext4]], [[File Allocation Table|FAT]], [[ISO 9660]], UDF, [[Network File System|NFS]], others
| Monolithic with modules
| {{nowrap|6.25 million}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mail.tansi.info/papers/tik_report_315.pdf|title=(S)LOC Count Evolution for Selected OSS Projects|author=Arno Wagner|date=December 11, 2009|at=data for 2009, fig 1}}</ref>
| {{No}} 
| [[Ports collection]], packages
| by source, network binary update (freebsdupdate)
| [[BSD]]/POSIX
| Mono, Java, Win16,<ref name="Wine" group="t"/> [[Win32]],<ref name="Wine" group="t"/> Linux
|-
! scope="row" | [[Genode]]
| [[ARM architecture|ARM]], [[RISC-V]], [[IA-32]], [[x86-64]]
| [[ext2]], [[ext3]], [[FAT32]], [[ISO9660]]
| [[Microkernel]] or [[Monolithic kernel]]
| ≈300,000 {{citation needed|date=May 2018}}
| {{No}} 
| Custom
| None
| Genode
| POSIX, Qt, SDL, [[MirageOS]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://genode.org/documentation/release-notes/18.11#Genode_as_a_platform_for_Mirage-OS_unikernels |title=Release notes for the Genode OS Framework 18.11}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | [[GhostBSD]]
| [[IA-32]], [[x86-64]]
| [[Unix file system|UFS2]], [[ext2]], [[ext3]], FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, NFS, [[ReiserFS]] (read only), [[XFS]] (experimental), [[ZFS]], others
| Monolithic with modules
| 
| {{Yes}} 
| [[Ports collection]], packages
| by source, network binary update (freebsdupdate)
| [[BSD]]/POSIX
| Mono, Java, Win16,<ref name="Wine" group="t"/> [[Win32]],<ref name="Wine" group="t"/> Linux
|-
! scope="row" | [[Linux]]
| IA-32, x86-64, ARM, PowerPC, SPARC, [[Linux kernel#Supported architectures|others]]
| ext2, ext3, [[ext4]], [[btrfs]], ReiserFS, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, NFS, and others
| Monolithic with modules
| ≈15 million (kernel)<ref>{{cite web|author=Ryan Paul |url=https://arstechnica.com/business/2012/04/linux-kernel-in-2011-15-million-total-lines-of-code-and-microsoft-is-a-top-contributor/ |title=Linux kernel in 2011: 15 million total lines of code and Microsoft is a top contributor |publisher=arstechnica.com|date=2012-04-04 |access-date=2012-08-21}}</ref>
lines of code for [[userland (computing)|userland]] libraries and applications vary depending on the distribution
| {{Yes}} 
| Depends on the distribution
|
| Linux/POSIX
| Mono, Java, Win16,<ref name="Wine" group="t"/> Win32<ref name="Wine" group="t"/>
|-
! scope="row" | [[Haiku (operating system)|Haiku]]
| IA-32, PowerPC, x86-64
| [[Be File System|BFS]] (default), FAT, ISO 9660, ext3, NTFS
| Hybrid
| ≈5.2 million{{citation needed|date=January 2015}}
| {{Yes}} 
| Ports collection (haikuport)
| pkgman, HaikuDepot
| POSIX, [[BeOS API]]
| Java, Qt
|-
! scope="row" | [[HP-UX]]
| [[PA-RISC]], [[IA-64]]
| [[VxFS]], [[Hi Performance FileSystem|HFS]], [[ISO 9660|CDFS]], [[List of cryptographic file systems|EVFS]], [[Network File System|NFS]], [[Server Message Block|CIFS]]
| Monolithic with modules
|
| {{No}} 
| [[Software Distributor|SD]], swinstall
| swa (HP-UX Software Assistant)
| SysV/POSIX
|
|-
! scope="row" | [[HarmonyOS]]
| 64-bit [[ARM architecture|ARM]], [[RISC-V]], [[x86]], [[x64]] and LoongArch
| HMDFS, [[EROFS]], [[Network File System|NFS]], RAMFS, FAT, JFFS2, [[exFAT]]
| [[Microkernel]] 
| ≈239.6 million<ref>{{Cite web |last=Amit |date=2022-11-05 |title=HarmonyOS 3.1: Huawei written 239.6 million lines of code and 16000 own APIs |url=https://www.huaweiupdate.com/how-much-code-does-harmony-os-have/ |access-date=2022-11-05 |website=Huawei Update |language=en-US}}</ref> (100 Deterministic Latency Engine)<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hellard |first1=Bobby |title=What is HarmonyOS? A guide to Huawei's operating system |url=https://www.itpro.com/mobile/34304/what-is-harmonyos-a-guide-to-huaweis-operating-system#:~:text=Harmony%2C%20according%20to%20Huawei%2C%20runs%20on%20just%20100,software%20and%20the%20hardware%20-%20supposedly%20reducing%20latency. |website=IT PRO |publisher=IT PRO |access-date=27 August 2022}}</ref>
| {{Yes}} 
| [[App (file format)|.app]] with HAP files
| Software Update
| Proprietary 
| [[Java (programming language)|Java]] until 3.0.0
|-
! scope="row" | [[Inferno (operating system)|Inferno]]
| IA-32, PowerPC, SPARC, [[DEC Alpha|Alpha]], [[MIPS architecture|MIPS]], others
| [[Styx (protocol)|Styx]]/[[9P2000]], kfs, FAT, ISO 9660
| Monolithic with modules, [[user space]] file systems
|
| {{Yes}} 
| {{dunno}}
| {{dunno}}
| Proprietary
|
|-
! scope="row" | [[iOS]]
| [[ARMv8-A]] (iOS 7–present), [[ARMv7-A]] (iPhone OS 3–iOS 10), [[ARMv6]] (iPhone OS 1–iOS 4.2.1)
| [[HFS Plus|HFS+]] (prior to version 10.3), [[Apple File System|APFS]] (since version 10.3)
| Hybrid
| ≈80 million{{citation needed|date=January 2015}}
| {{Yes}} 
| ?
| Software Update
| [[Cocoa (software)|Cocoa]], BSD-POSIX
| ?
|-
! scope="row" | [[Classic Mac OS]]
| 68k, PowerPC
| [[HFS Plus|HFS+]], [[Hierarchical File System (Apple)|HFS]], [[Macintosh File System|MFS]] (Mac OS 8.0 and before), [[Apple Filing Protocol|AFP]], ISO 9660, FAT(System 7 and later), UDF
| Monolithic with modules
|
| {{Yes}} 
| None
| [[Apple Software Update|Software Update]] (only in Mac OS 9)
| [[Macintosh Toolbox|Toolbox]], [[Carbon (computing)|Carbon]] (from version 8.1)
|
|-
! scope="row" | [[macOS]]
| Apple silicon (11-present), x86-64 (10.4.7–present), IA-32 (10.4.4–10.6.8), PowerPC (10.0–10.5.8)<br>{{small|(see also iOS for ARM)}}
| HFS+ (default on hard drives, and on flash drives up to Sierra), [[Apple File System|APFS]] (default on flash drives in High Sierra), HFS, UFS, AFP, ISO 9660, FAT, UDF, NFS, SMBFS, NTFS (read only), [[File Transfer Protocol|FTP]], [[WebDAV]], ZFS (experimental)
| Hybrid with modules
| ≈86 million<ref name="WWDC2006">{{cite web|url=https://www.engadget.com/2006/08/07/live-from-wwdc-2006-steve-jobs-keynote/|title=Live from WWDC 2006: Steve Jobs Keynote|last=Jobs|first=Steve|date=7 August 2006|access-date=2007-02-16|quote=86 million lines of source code that was ported to run on an entirely new architecture with zero hiccups.}}</ref>
| {{Yes}} 
| [[Installer (macOS)|macOS Installer]]
| Software Update
| Carbon, [[Cocoa (software)|Cocoa]], Java, BSD-POSIX
| Toolbox (only in versions up to Mac OS X 10.4, not supported on x86 architecture), Win16,<ref name="Wine" group="t"/> Win32<ref name="Wine" group="t"/>
|-
! scope="row" | [[MINIX 3]]
| IA-32
|
| Microkernel
| ≈12,000 (C) + ≈1,400 (Assembly)<ref>{{cite book | last = Tanenbaum | first = Andrew S. | year = 2015 | title =Modern Operating Systems: Global Edition
 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=FV2pBwAAQBAJ | publisher =Pearson Education Limited | isbn = 9781292061955}}</ref>
| {{No}} 
|
|
| POSIX
|
|-
! scope="row" | [[NetBSD]]
| IA-32, x86-64, ARM, MIPS, PowerPC, [[SPARC|sparc64]], [http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/#ports-by-cpu others]
| UFS, UFS2, ext2, FAT, ISO 9660, NFS, [[Log-structured file system|LFS]], and others
| Monolithic with modules
|
| {{No}}<ref name="BSDX" group="t"/>
| [[pkgsrc]]
| by source or binary (using sysinst)
| BSD-POSIX
| Linux, [http://netbsd.org/docs/compat.html#compat others]
|-
! scope="row" | [[Novell NetWare|NetWare]]
| 16-bit x86, IA-32
| [[Novell Storage Services|NSS]], [[NetWare File System|NWFS]], FAT, NFS, AFP, UDF, [[CIFS]], ISO 9660
| Hybrid
|
| {{Yes}} 
| NWCONFIG.NLM, [[RPM Package Manager|RPM]], [[X11]]-based GUI installer
| binary updates, ZENWorks for Servers, [[Red Carpet (software)|Red Carpet]]
| Proprietary
|
|-
! scope="row" | [[OpenBSD]]
| IA-32, x86-64, SPARC, 68k, Alpha, [http://www.openbsd.org/plat.html others]
| [[Berkeley Fast File System|ffs]], ext2, FAT, ISO 9660, NFS, some others
| Monolithic
|
| {{No}}<ref name="BSDX" group="t"/>
| Ports collection, packages
| by source or binary (packages via pkg_add)
| BSD-POSIX
|
|-
! scope="row" | [[OpenVMS]]
| [[VAX]], Alpha, IA-64, x86-64
| [[Files-11]] (ODS), ISO 9660, NFS, [[Common Internet File System|CIFS]]
| Monolithic with modules
|
| {{No}} 
| PCSI, VMSINSTAL
| {{dunno}}
| Proprietary
| POSIX, [[RSX-11M]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[OS/2]]
| 16-bit x86 (1.x only), IA-32
| HPFS, JFS, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, NFS
| Monolithic with modules
|
| {{Yes}} 
| Feature Install and others
| {{dunno}}
| Proprietary, [[DOS API]], Win16
| Win32
|-
! scope="row" | [[OpenHarmony]]
| 64-bit [[ARM architecture|ARM]], [[RISC-V]], [[x86]], [[x64]] and LoongArch
| HMDFS, [[EROFS]], NFS, RAMFS, FAT, JFFS2, [[exFAT]]
| Multi-kernel
| ≈110 million+<ref>{{cite web |author=Benjamin |title=OPENHARMONY HOLDS A TECHNICAL CONFERENCE IN CALIFORNIA, USA |url=https://harmonyoshub.com/openharmony-holds-a-technical-conference-in-california-usa/ |website=HarmonyOSHub |publisher=HarmonyOSHub |access-date=1 July 2024}}</ref>
| {{Yes}} 
| [[App (file format)|.app]] with HAP files
| Software Update
| Open-source, [[ArkUI]], OpenHarmony API Kits
| [[Java (programming language)|Java]] until 3.0.0, [[React Native]], [[Qt (software)|Qt]], [[Flutter (software)|Flutter]], [[Electron (software framework)|Electron]], [[Chromium Embedded Framework|CEF]]
|-
! scope="row" | Oniro 
| 64-bit [[ARM architecture|ARM]], [[RISC-V]], [[x86]], [[x64]]
| HMDFS, [[EROFS]], NFS, RAMFS, FAT, JFFS2, [[exFAT]]
| Multi-kernel
| 
| {{Yes}} 
| [[App (file format)|.app]] with HAP files
| Software Update
| Open-source, [[ArkUI]], OpenHarmony and Oniro API Kits, React Native for ArkUI
| [[React Native]], [[Qt (software)|Qt]], [[Flutter (software)|Flutter]], [[Electron (software framework)|Electron]], [[Chromium Embedded Framework|CEF]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[Plan 9 from Bell Labs|Plan 9]]
| IA-32, Alpha, MIPS, PowerPC, SPARC, others
| [[fossil (file system)|fossil]]/[[Venti (software)|venti]], [[9P2000]], kfs, ext2, FAT, ISO 9660
| Hybrid, [[user space]] file systems
| ≈2.5 Million /sys/src (complete source of all supported architectures, kernels, commands and libraries)
| {{Yes}} 
| None
| [[replica (Plan 9)|replica]]
| Proprietary ([[Unix-like]])
| POSIX compatibility layer
|-
! scope="row" | [[QNX]]
| x86, [[SuperH|SH-4]], PowerPC, ARM, MIPS
| [[QNX4FS]], QNX6, ext2, FAT, ISO 9660, [[Joliet (file system)|Joliet]], NFS, CIFS, ETFS, UDF, [[Hierarchical File System (Apple)|HFS]], HFS+, NTFS, others
| Microkernel
|
|
|
|
| POSIX, Java
|
|-
! scope="row" | [[ReactOS]]
| IA-32, PowerPC, ARM
| FAT, BTRFS, and NTFS (read only)
| Hybrid
| nearly 8 million<ref>{{cite web|url=http://code.reactos.org/changelog/~br=trunk/reactos|title=ReactOS Change Log|access-date=2015-05-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518115439/http://code.reactos.org/changelog/~br=trunk/reactos|archive-date=2015-05-18|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| {{Yes}} 
| [[ReactOS Applications Manager]], [[Microsoft Installer|MSI]], custom installers
| None
| Win32, [[NT API]]
| [[DOS API]]
|-
! scope="row" |  [[Redox (operating_system)| Redox]]
| [[x86-64]]
| RedoxFS, TFS
| [[Microkernel]]
|
| {{Yes}} 
| pkgutils
| 
| [[POSIX]]
|
|-
! scope="row" | [[RISC OS]]
| ARM (both 26 and 32-bit addressing modes)
| [[Advanced Disc Filing System|Acorn ADFS]], [[Econet]] ANFS, FAT, ISO 9660, many others as loadable filesystems
| Monolithic with modules. Cooperative multitasking with limited memory protection.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.drobe.co.uk/riscos/artifact1327.html|title=RISC OS Memory Protection - Drobe.co.uk archives|work=drobe.co.uk|access-date=2013-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140331035623/http://www.drobe.co.uk/riscos/artifact1327.html|archive-date=2014-03-31|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|
| {{Yes}} 
| Applications self-contained; hardware drivers often in ROM
| !IyoUpWtch
| Huge number of [[software interrupt|SWI]] calls; extensive C libraries
|
|-
! scope="row" | [[SerenityOS]]
| x86, x86-64
| ext2
| Microkernel
| ≈750,000
| {{Yes}} 
| None
| None
| POSIX, propertiary
|
|-
! scope="row" | [[Oracle Solaris|Solaris]]
| IA-32, x86-64, SPARC
| UFS, ZFS, ext2, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, NFS, [[QFS]], some others
| Monolithic with modules
|
| {{Yes}} 
| [[System V|SysV packages]] (pkgadd)<br />[[Image Packaging System]] (pkg) (Solaris 11 and later)
| Image Packaging System (Solaris 11 and later)
| SysV/POSIX, [[GTK]], Java
| Win16,<ref name="Wine" group="t"/> Win32,<ref name="Wine" group="t"/> Mono, Linux<ref name="brandz" group="t"/>
|-
! scope="row" | [[OpenSolaris]]
| IA-32, x86-64, SPARC(AI)
| UFS, ZFS, ext2, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, NFS, QFS, some others
| Monolithic with modules
| ≈18.8 million<ref>find usr/src -type f -exec wc -l {} + | grep total | awk '{ sum += $1 } END {print sum }' on [https://sourceforge.net/p/schillix-on/schillix-on/ci/default/tree/] results in 18793105</ref>
| {{Yes}} 
| [[Image Packaging System]] (pkg), [[System V|SysV packages]] (pkgadd)
| Image Packaging System
| SysV/POSIX, GTK, Java
| Win16,<ref name="Wine" group="t"/> Win32,<ref name="Wine" group="t"/> Mono, Linux<ref name="brandz" group="t"/>
|-
! scope="row" | [[XTS-400|STOP 6, XTS-400]]
| x86
| Proprietary
| Monolithic
|
| {{No}} 
| [[RPM Package Manager|RPM]] for some untrusted applications
| Binary updates via postal mail and proprietary tools
| Some: SysV, POSIX, Linux, proprietary
|
|-
! scope="row" | [[Symbian]]
| ARM
| FAT
| Microkernel
| 
| {{Yes}} 
| [[SIS (file format)|SIS]] files
| [[FOTA (technology)|FOTA]]
| Proprietary
| POSIX compatibility layer
|-
! scope="row" | [[TrueOS]]
| IA-32, x86-64<ref name="i686" group="t"/>
| UFS2, ext2, ext3, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, NFS, ReiserFS (read only), [[XFS]] (experimental) and others
| Monolithic with modules
|
| {{Yes}} 
| Ports collection, packages, PBI Graphical Installers
| by PBI updates, source, network binary update (freebsdupdate)
| BSD-POSIX
| Win16,<ref name="Wine" group="t"/> Win32<ref name="Wine" group="t"/>
|-
! scope="row" | [[Windows Server 2003|Windows Server]] (NT family)
| IA-32, x86-64, IA-64
| NTFS, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF; 3rd-party drivers support ext2, ext3, ReiserFS,<ref name="WindowsFS" group="t"/> and HFS
| Hybrid with modules
| ≈45 million<ref>{{cite web |author1=Ben Liblit |author2=Andrew Begel |author3=Eve Sweetser | title = Cognitive Perspectives on the Role of Naming in Computer Programs| url = http://research.microsoft.com/~abegel/papers/ppig-naming.pdf | access-date = 2007-12-26  }}</ref>
| {{Yes}} 
| [[Microsoft Installer|MSI]], custom installers
| [[Windows Update]]
| Win32, NT API
| [[DOS API]], [[Win16]] (only in 32-bit versions), POSIX, [[.NET]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] ([[Windows NT#Releases|NT family]])
| IA-32, x86-64, ARM, IA-64, Alpha, MIPS, PowerPC
| NTFS, FAT [[exFAT]] ISO 9660, UDF; 3rd-party drivers support [[btrfs]], ext2, ext3, ReiserFS,<ref name="WindowsFS" group="t"/> [[HFS+]], [[FATX]], and HFS (with third party driver)
| Hybrid with modules
| ≈40&nbsp;(XP)/64&nbsp;(Vista and later) million{{Citation needed|date=February 2007}}
| {{Yes}} 
| MSI, custom installers
| Windows Update
| Win32, NT API
| [[DOS API]], [[Win16]] (only in 32-bit versions), POSIX, .NET
|-
! scope="row" | [[Magnussoft ZETA|ZETA]]
| IA-32
| BFS (default), FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, HFS, AFP, ext2, CIFS, NTFS (read only), ReiserFS (read only, up to v3.6)
| Hybrid
|
| {{Yes}} 
| [[SoftwareValet]], script-based installers
| None
| POSIX, BeOS API
|
|-
! scope="row" | [[z/OS]]
| [[z/Architecture]]
| [[VSAM]], BDAM, QSAM, BPAM, HFS, zFS, etc.
| Protected, multithreading, multitasking nucleus with programmable/user replaceable extensions. Not kernel-based.{{clarify|reason=How is the z/OS nucleus different from an OS kernel?|date=January 2016}}
|
| {{No}} 
| None, [[SMP/E]]
| [[SMP/E]]
| Filesystem access methods, Systems Services, etc.
| POSIX, many others.
|- class="sortbottom"
! Name
! Computer architectures supported
! File systems supported
! Kernel type
! Source lines of code
! GUI default is on<ref name="GUI" group="t"/>
! Package management
! Update management
! Native APIs<ref name="API" group="t"/>
! Non-native APIs supported through subsystems
|}

{{Reflist|group="t"|refs=
<ref name="GUI">Operating systems where the GUI is not installed and turned on by default are often bundled with an implementation of the [[X Window System]], installation of which is usually optional.</ref>
<ref name="API">Most operating systems use proprietary APIs in addition to any supported standards.</ref>
<ref name="BSDX">NetBSD and OpenBSD include the [[X Window System]] as base install sets, managed in their respective main source repository, including local modifications. Packages are also provided for more up-to-date versions which may be less tested.</ref>
<ref name="WindowsFS">Windows can read and write with Ext2 and Ext3 file systems only when a driver from [http://www.fs-driver.org FS-driver] or [[Ext2Fsd]] is installed. However, using [[Explore2fs]], Windows can read from, but not write to, Ext2 and Ext3 file systems. Windows can also access ReiserFS through [http://p-nand-q.com/download/rfstool.html rfstool] and related programs.</ref>
<ref name="i686">only i686 CPU</ref>
<ref name="AmigaOSinstaller">Amiga OS features since OS 2.0 version a standard centralized Install utility called [[AmigaOS#Workbench 2.0 user interface improvements|Installer]], which could be used by any software house to install programs. It works as a [[Lisp (programming language)|Lisp]] language interpreter, and install procedures could be listed as simple text. AmigaOS can also benefit from a 3rd party copyrighted library called [[XAD (software)|XAD]] that is available for all POSIX ([[Unix]], [[Linux]], BSD, and for [[AmigaOS]], [[MorphOS]], etc.). This library is freely distributable and publicly available on [[Aminet]] Amiga centralized repository of all Open Source or Free programs and utilities. XAD.Library, complete with GUI Voodoo-X, is based on modules and capable to manage over 300 compression methods and package systems (Voodoo-X GUI supports 80 package systems), including those widely accepted as standards such as [[ZIP (file format)|.ZIP]], [[Cabinet (file format)|.CAB]], [[LHA (file format)|.LHA]], .[[LZX]], [[RPM Package Manager|.RPM]], etc.</ref>
<ref name="AmigaOSinstallation">A standard AmigaOS installation requires usually only few files (typically 3 to 10 files) to be copied in their appropriate directory, and libraries and language files for national localization to be put in their standard OS directories. Any Amiga user with some minimal experience knows where these files should be copied and could perform programs installations by hand.</ref>
<ref name="AmiUpdate">AmiUpdate can update AmigaOS files and all Amiga programs which are registered to use the same update program that is standard for Amiga. Updating AmigaOS requires only few libraries to be put in standard OS location (for example all libraries are stored in <code>Libs:</code> standard virtual device and absolute path finder for <code>Libs</code> directory, Fonts are all in <code>Fonts:</code> absolute locator, the files for language localization are all stored in <code>Locale:</code> and so on). This leaves Amiga users with a minimal knowledge of the system almost free to perform by hand the update of the system files.</ref>
<ref name="Wine">using [[Wine (software)|Wine]]</ref>
<ref name="brandz">{{cite web |url=http://opensolaris.org/os/community/brandz/ |title=BrandZ (Community Group brandz.WebHome) - XWiki |publisher=Opensolaris.org |date=2009-10-26 |access-date=2011-12-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090929041214/http://opensolaris.org/os/community/brandz/ |archive-date=2009-09-29 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
}}

== Security ==

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: smaller; text-align: center; width: auto"
|-
! scope="col" rowspan="3" | Name
! scope="col" rowspan="3" | Resource<br>access<br>control
! scope="col" rowspan="3" | Subsystem<br>isolation<br>mechanisms
! scope="col" rowspan="3" | Integrated<br>[[firewall (computing)|firewall]]
! scope="col" rowspan="3" | Encrypted<br>file<br>systems
! scope="col" colspan="2" rowspan="2" | [[NX bit|No execute (NX)<br>page flag]]
! scope="col" colspan="6" | Manufacturer acknowledged unpatched vulnerabilities (by severity)<ref name="unpatched" group="s"/>
|-
! scope="col" colspan="5" | Secunia
! scope="col" | Security-<br>Focus
|-
! scope="col" {{verth|va=middle|Hardware}}
! scope="col" {{verth|va=middle|Emulation}}
! scope="col" style="width:12em" | Extremely critical<br>(number / oldest)
! scope="col" style="width:12em" | Highly<br> critical<br>(number / oldest)
! scope="col" style="width:12em" | Moderately critical<br>(number / oldest)
! scope="col" style="width:12em" | Less<br>critical <br>(number / oldest)
! scope="col" style="width:12em" | Not<br>critical<br>(number / oldest)
! scope="col" style="width:12em" | Total<br>(number / oldest)
|-
! scope="row" | [[AIX operating system|AIX 7.1]]
| [[filesystem permissions|POSIX]], [[access control list|ACLs]], [[mandatory access control|MAC]], [[Trusted AIX - MLS]], [[role-based access control|RBAC]]
| [[chroot]]
| [[IPFilter]], [[IPsec]] VPNs, basic IDS
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}<ref name="AIXHardwareNX" group="s"/> || {{n/a}}
| colspan="5" {{unk}}<!-- Latest version: unlisted as of 2010-11-14 01:30-->
| {{Good|}}[http://www.securityfocus.com/cgi-bin/index.cgi?c=12&op=display_list&vendor=IBM&title=AIX&version=%207.1 0]<!-- 0 as at 2010-11-14 01:30-->
|-
! scope="row" | [[FreeBSD]] 10.1
| [[filesystem permissions|POSIX]], [[access control list|ACLs]], [[mandatory access control|MAC]]
| [[chroot]], [[FreeBSD jail|Jails]], MAC partitions, [[multilevel security]], [[Biba Model]], BSD file flags set using [[chflags]], Capsicum [[Capability-based security]]
| [[IPFW2]], [[IPFilter]], [[PF (firewall)|PF]], [[IPsec]]
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}} || {{yes}}<ref name="FreeBSDstackProtection" group="s"/>
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/32931/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/32931/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/32931/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/32931/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/32931/ 0]
| {{Bad| }}[http://www.securityfocus.com/cgi-bin/index.cgi?c=12&op=display_list&vendor=FreeBSD&title=FreeBSD&version=%20-current >0]<!-- 13 as at 2010-11-14 00:48-->
|-
! scope="row" | [[GhostBSD]] 3.1
| POSIX, ACLs, MAC
| chroot, [[operating system-level virtualization|jail]], MAC partitions, BSD file flags set using [[chflags]]
| [[IPFW2]], IPFilter, [[PF (firewall)|PF]]
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}} || {{yes}}
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/32931/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/32931/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/32931/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/32931/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/32931/ 0]
| {{Bad| }}[http://www.securityfocus.com/cgi-bin/index.cgi?c=12&op=display_list&vendor=FreeBSD&title=FreeBSD&version=%20-current >0]<!-- 13 as at 2010-11-14 00:48-->
|-
! scope="row" | [[Genode]]
| Hierarchal,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://genode.org/documentation/general-overview/index#Organizational_structure|title=Genode organizational structure}}</ref> [[least privilege]]
| [[capability-based security]]
| Virtual switch and [[Network address translation|NAPT]] controls in user-space
| {{no}}
| {{yes|kernel dependent}}
| {{no}}
| colspan="6" {{Unk}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[HP-UX]] 11.31
| POSIX, ACLs
| chroot
| IPFilter
| {{yes}}
| {{dunno}}
| {{dunno}}
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/138/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/138/ 0]
| {{Bad| }}[https://secunia.com/product/138/ 3]<br>[https://secunia.com/advisories/11969/ {{start date and age|2004|6|30|br=yes}}]
| {{Bad| }}[https://secunia.com/product/138/ 2]<br>[https://secunia.com/advisories/7702/ {{start date and age|2002|12|12|br=yes}}]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/138/ 0]
| {{Bad| }}[http://www.securityfocus.com/cgi-bin/index.cgi?c=12&op=display_list&vendor=HP&title=HP-UX&version=%2011.31 >0]<!-- 16 as at 2010-11-14 00:55-->
|-
! scope="row" | [[Inferno (operating system)|Inferno]]
| POSIX
| [[Namespace]]s,<ref name="namespace">{{cite web|url=https://9p.io/sys/doc/names.html|title=The Use of Name Spaces in Plan 9|author1=Rob Pike|author2=Dave Presotto|author3=Ken Thompson|author4=Howard Trickey|author5=Phil Winterbottom}}</ref> [[capability-based security]], no [[superuser]] or [[setuid]] bit
| {{dunno}}
| {{dunno}}
| {{no}} || {{no}}
| colspan="5" {{unk}}<!-- ANY version: unlisted as of 2010-11-14 01:30-->
| {{Bad| }}[http://www.securityfocus.com/cgi-bin/index.cgi?c=12&op=display_list&vendor=Bell%20Labs&title=Plan%209 >0]<!-- 1 as at 2010-11-14 00:51-->
|-
! scope="row" | [[Linux|Linux-based]] 2.6.39
| POSIX, ACLs,<ref name="LinuxACL" group="s"/> MAC
| chroot,<ref name="LinuxJail" group="s"/> [[seccomp]], [[Linux namespaces|Namespace]]s, [[Security-Enhanced Linux|SELinux]], [[AppArmor]]
| [[Netfilter]], varied by distribution
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}} || {{yes}}
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/2719/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/2719/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/2719/ 0]
| {{Bad| }}[https://secunia.com/product/2719/ 6]<br>[https://secunia.com/advisories/11931/ {{start date and age|2004|6|24|br=yes}}]
| {{Bad| }}[https://secunia.com/product/2719/ 11]<br>[https://secunia.com/advisories/14718/ {{start date and age|2005|4|04|br=yes}}]
| {{Bad| }}[http://www.securityfocus.com/cgi-bin/index.cgi?c=12&op=display_list&vendor=Linux&title=kernel&version=2.6.36 >0]<!-- 14 as at 2010-11-14 00:50-->
|-
! scope="row" | [[Classic Mac OS|Mac OS]] 9.2.2
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}} || {{no}}
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/832/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/832/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/832/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/832/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/832/ 0]
| {{Bad| }}[http://www.securityfocus.com/cgi-bin/index.cgi?c=12&op=display_list&vendor=Apple&title=Mac%20OS%209&version=9.2.2 >0]<!-- 2 as at 2010-11-14 00:45-->
|-
! scope="row" | [[OS X]] 10.10.5
| POSIX, ACLs<ref name="MacACL" group="s"/>
| chroot, BSD file flags set using chflags
| [[ipfirewall|ipfw]]
| {{yes}}
| {{Yes}} (as of 10.5, X64 only) || {{Yes}} (Intel only)
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/96/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/96/ 0]
| {{Bad| }}[https://secunia.com/product/96/ 1]<br>[https://secunia.com/advisories/34424/ {{start date and age|2009|04|14|br=yes}}]
| {{Bad| }}[https://secunia.com/product/96/ 2]<br>[https://secunia.com/advisories/23653/ {{start date and age|2007|01|08|br=yes}}]
| {{Bad| }}[https://secunia.com/product/96/ 5]<br>[https://secunia.com/advisories/23062/ {{start date and age|2006|11|22|br=yes}}]
| {{Bad| }}[http://www.securityfocus.com/cgi-bin/index.cgi?c=12&op=display_list&vendor=Apple&title=Mac%20OS%20X&version=10.6.4 >0]<!-- 132 as at 2010-11-14 00:54-->
|-
! scope="row" | [[NetBSD]] 6.1.2
| POSIX, [[Veriexec]], PaX, kauth
| chroot, kauth, BSD file flags set using chflags
| IPFilter, [[NPF (firewall)|NPF]], PF
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}} || {{no}}
| colspan="5" {{unk}}<!-- Latest version: unlisted as of 2010-11-14 01:30-->
| {{Bad| }}[http://www.securityfocus.com/cgi-bin/index.cgi?c=12&op=display_list&vendor=NetBSD&title=NetBSD&version=5.0.2 >0]<!-- 4 as at 2010-11-14 01:00-->
|-
! scope="row" | [[Novell NetWare|NetWare 6.5 SP8]]
| Directory-enabled ACLs
| Protected address spaces
| IPFLT.NLM
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}} || {{no}}
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/78/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/78/ 0]
| {{Bad| }}[https://secunia.com/product/78/ 1]<br>[https://secunia.com/advisories/41180/ {{start date and age|2010|08|31|br=yes}}]
| {{Bad| }}[https://secunia.com/product/78/ 2]<br>[https://secunia.com/advisories/10100/ {{start date and age|2003|10|30|br=yes}}]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/78/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[http://www.securityfocus.com/cgi-bin/index.cgi?c=12&op=display_list&vendor=Novell&title=Netware&version=%206.5.0%20SP8 0]<!-- 0 as at 2010-11-14 01:00-->
|-
! scope="row" | [[Novell Open Enterprise Server|OES-Linux]]
| Directory-enabled ACLs
| chroot
| IPFilter
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}} || {{no}}
| colspan="5" {{unk}}<!-- ANY version: unlisted as of 2010-11-14 01:45-->
| {{Bad| }}[http://www.securityfocus.com/cgi-bin/index.cgi?c=12&op=display_list&vendor=Novell&title=Open%20Enterprise%20Server&version=%202%20Linux%20Support%20Pack >0]<!-- 7 as at 2010-11-14 02:02-->
|-
! scope="row" | [[OpenBSD]] 4.8
| POSIX
| chroot, systrace, BSD file flags set using chflags
| PF
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}} || {{yes}}
| colspan="5" {{unk}}<!-- Latest version: unlisted as of 2010-11-14 01:30-->
| {{Bad|}}[http://www.securityfocus.com/cgi-bin/index.cgi?c=12&op=display_list&vendor=OpenBSD&title=OpenBSD&version=%20-current >0]<!-- 23 as at 2010-11-14 01:02-->
|-
! scope="row" | [[OpenVMS]] 9.2
| ACLs, [[privilege (computing)|privileges]]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20051130185759/http://h71000.www7.hp.com/DOC/731final/6489/6489pro_027.html#usingdifflogtables logical name tables]
| {{dunno}}
| {{dunno}}
| {{yes}} || {{dunno}}
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/6052/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/6052/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/6052/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/6052/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/6052/ 0]
| {{Unk| }}[http://www.securityfocus.com/cgi-bin/index.cgi?o=0&l=100&c=12&op=display_list&vendor=HP&title=OpenVMS&version=%208.4%20Integrity Unknown]<!-- Latest version: unlisted as of 2010-11-14 01:00-->
|-
! scope="row" | [[OS/2]], [[eComStation]], [[ArcaOS]]
| ACLs<ref name="OS2ACL" group="s"/>
| {{no}}
| IPFilter
| {{no}}
| {{dunno}}
| {{dunno}}
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/1188/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/1188/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/1188/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/1188/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/1188/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[http://www.securityfocus.com/cgi-bin/index.cgi?c=12&op=display_list&vendor=IBM&title=OS/2&version=4.5%20Warp 0]<!-- 0 as at 2010-11-14 01:00-->
|-
! scope="row" | [[TrueOS]] 8.1
| POSIX, ACLs, MAC
| chroot, jail, MAC partitions
| IPFW2, IPFilter, PF
| {{yes}}<ref name="PCBSDencrypted" group="s"/>
| {{dunno}}
| {{dunno}}
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/32931/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/32931/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/32931/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/32931/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/32931/ 0]
| {{Bad| }}[http://www.securityfocus.com/cgi-bin/index.cgi?c=12&op=display_list&vendor=FreeBSD&title=FreeBSD&version=%20-current >0]<!-- 13 as at 2010-11-14 00:48-->
|-
! scope="row" | [[Plan 9 from Bell Labs|Plan 9]]
| POSIX ?
| Namespaces,<ref name="namespace" /> capability-based security, no superuser or setuid bit
| ipmux
| {{yes}}
| {{no}} || {{no}}
| colspan="5" {{unk}}<!-- ANY version: unlisted as of 2010-11-14 01:30-->
| {{Bad| }}[http://www.securityfocus.com/cgi-bin/index.cgi?c=12&op=display_list&vendor=Bell%20Labs&title=Plan%209 >0]<!-- 1 as at 2010-11-14 00:51-->
|-
! scope="row" | [[QNX]] 6.5.0
| POSIX
| {{dunno}}
| PF, from NetBSD
| {{dunno}}
| {{dunno}}
| {{dunno}}
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/708/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/708/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/708/ 0]
| {{Bad| }}[https://secunia.com/product/708/ 5]<br>[https://secunia.com/advisories/7562/ {{start date and age|2002|11|20|br=yes}}]
| {{Bad| }}[https://secunia.com/product/708/ 1]<br>[https://secunia.com/advisories/7463/ {{start date and age|2002|11|07|br=yes}}]
| {{Unk| }}[http://www.securityfocus.com/cgi-bin/index.cgi?c=12&op=display_list&vendor=QNX&title=RTOS&version=6.5.0 Unknown]<!-- Latest version: unlisted as of 2010-11-14 01:00-->
|-
! scope="row" | [[RISC OS]]
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| IPFilter
| {{no}}
| {{no}} || {{no}}
| colspan="6" {{unk}}<!-- ANY version: unlisted as of 2011-07-08 17:00-->
|-
! scope="row" | [[Solaris (operating system)|Solaris 10]]
| POSIX, RBAC, ACLs, [[least privilege]], [[Solaris Trusted Extensions|Trusted Extensions]]
| chroot, [[Solaris Containers|Containers]],<ref name="SolarisJail" group="s"/> [[Logical Domains]]
| IPFilter
| {{Yes}}<ref name="SolarisEncrypted" group="s"/>
| {{Yes}}
| {{No}}
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/4813/ 0]
| {{Bad| }}[https://secunia.com/product/4813/ 2]<br>[https://secunia.com/advisories/27423/ {{start date and age|2007|10|31|br=yes}}]
| {{Bad| }}[https://secunia.com/product/4813/ 5]<br>[https://secunia.com/advisories/27328/ {{start date and age|2007|10|23|br=yes}}]
| {{Bad| }}[https://secunia.com/product/4813/ 3]<br>[https://secunia.com/advisories/36668/ {{start date and age|2009|09|10|br=yes}}]
| {{Bad| }}[https://secunia.com/product/4813/ 2]<br>[https://secunia.com/advisories/22714/ {{start date and age|2006|11|06|br=yes}}]
| {{Bad| }}[http://www.securityfocus.com/cgi-bin/index.cgi?c=12&op=display_list&vendor=Sun&title=Solaris&version=%2010 >0]<!-- 312 as at 2010-11-14 01:00-->
|-
! scope="row" | [[OpenSolaris]] 2009.06
| POSIX, RBAC, ACLs, least privilege, Trusted Extensions
| chroot, Containers,<ref name="SolarisJail" group="s"/> Logical Domains
| IPFilter
| {{Yes}}<ref name="SolarisEncrypted" group="s"/>
| {{Yes}}
| {{No}}
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/32733/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/32733/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/32733/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/32733/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/32733/ 0]
| {{Bad| }}[http://www.securityfocus.com/cgi-bin/index.cgi?c=12&op=display_list&vendor=Sun&title=OpenSolaris&version=%202009.06 >0]<!-- 13 as at 2010-11-14 01:00-->
|-
! scope="row" | [[Windows Server 2012]]
| ACLs, privileges, RBAC
| Win32 WindowStation, desktop, job objects
| [[Windows Firewall]]
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}} || {{yes}}
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/42761/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/42761/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/42761/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/42761/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/42761/ 0]
| {{Unk|}}[Unknown]
|-
! scope="row" | [[Windows 8.1]]
| ACLs, privileges, RBAC
| Win32 WindowStation, desktop, job objects
| [[Windows Firewall]]
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}} || {{yes}}
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/48611/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/48611/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/48611/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/48611/ 0]
| {{Bad|}}[https://secunia.com/product/48611/ 1]<br>[https://secunia.com/advisories/58891/ {{start date and age|2014|05|30|br=yes}}]
| {{Unk|}}[Unknown]
|-
! scope="row" | [[Magnussoft ZETA|ZETA]]
| POSIX<ref name="ZetaSuperuser" group="s"/>
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}} || {{no}}
| colspan="6" {{unk}}<!-- ANY version: unlisted as of 2010-11-14 01:30-->
|-
! scope="row" | [[XTS-400|STOP 6, XTS-400]]<ref name="STOP6Certified" group="s"/>
| POSIX, [[multilevel security]], [[Biba Model]] mandatory integrity, ACLs, privileges, subtype mechanism
| Multilevel security, Biba Model, subtype mechanism
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| {{No}}
| {{No}}
| colspan="6" {{unk}}<!-- ANY version: unlisted as of 2010-11-14 01:30-->
|-
! scope="row" | [[z/OS]] 1.11
| [[RACF]]
| RACF, low storage protection, page protection, storage protect key, execution key, subspace group facility, APF, ACR (alternate CPU recovery), more
| z/OS IPSecurity
| {{Optional}}
| {{Yes}} (storage protect key, execution key, APF, more)
| {{Yes}}
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/210/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/210/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/210/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/210/ 0]
| {{Good|}}[https://secunia.com/product/210/ 0]
| {{Unk| }}[http://www.securityfocus.com/cgi-bin/index.cgi?c=12&op=display_list&vendor=IBM&title=z/OS&version=%201.11 Unknown]<!-- Latest version: unlisted as of 2010-11-14 01:00-->
|-
! scope="col" rowspan="3" | Name
! scope="col" rowspan="3" | Resource<br>access<br>control
! scope="col" rowspan="3" | Subsystem<br>isolation<br>mechanisms
! scope="col" rowspan="3" | Integrated<br>[[firewall (computing)|firewall]]
! scope="col" rowspan="3" | Encrypted<br>file<br>systems
! scope="col" {{verth|va=middle|Hardware}}
! scope="col" {{verth|va=middle|Emulation}}
! scope="col" style="width:12em" | Extremely critical<br>(number / oldest)
! scope="col" style="width:12em" | Highly <br> critical<br>(number / oldest)
! scope="col" style="width:12em" | Moderately critical<br>(number / oldest)
! scope="col" style="width:12em" | Less<br> critical<br>(number / oldest)
! scope="col" style="width:12em" | Not <br> critical<br>(number / oldest)
! scope="col" style="width:12em" | Total<br>(number / oldest)
|-
! scope="col" colspan="2" rowspan="2" | [[NX bit|No execute (NX)<br>page flag]]
! scope="col" colspan="5" | Secunia
! scope="col" | Security-<br> Focus
|-
! scope="col" colspan="6" | Known unpatched vulnerabilities (severity is accounted for)<ref name="unpatched" group="s"/>
|}

{{Reflist|group="s"|refs=
<ref name="unpatched">Comparison of known unpatched vulnerabilities based on [[Secunia]] & [[SecurityFocus]] reports with severity of ''Not critical'' & above. Update lists manually with oldest published date(s).</ref>
<ref name="LinuxACL">Support for the 1997 withdrawn POSIX [[access control list|ACL]] draft is included in Linux 2.6, but requires a file system able to store them (such as [[ext3]], [[XFS]] or [[ReiserFS]]).</ref>
<ref name="LinuxJail">A [[operating system-level virtualization|jail]] mechanism is available separately in the [[Linux-VServer]] project, but is not integrated into any mainline [[Linux kernel]].</ref>
<ref name="OS2ACL">ACLs are available only in [[OS/2]] Server versions with [[High Performance File System|HPFS386]] filesystem.</ref>
<ref name="SolarisJail">"[[Solaris Containers]]" (including "Zones") are a jail-type mechanism introduced with [[Solaris (operating system)|Solaris]] 10.</ref>
<ref name="ZetaSuperuser">Zeta has full Unix file permissions, but the OS is single user, and users always run as superuser.</ref>
<ref name="STOP6Certified">STOP 6 is certified under [[Common Criteria]] at [[Evaluation Assurance Level|EAL5+]].</ref>
<ref name="PCBSDencrypted">Additionally swap space may be encrypted during installation, uses memory based tmp file storage by default.</ref>
<ref name="SolarisEncrypted">Through [[ZFS]]</ref>
<ref name="AIXHardwareNX">AIX use the [[PowerPC]] architecture which offer page-level protection mechanism. Since AIX version 5300-03 (5.3), this feature can be activated using the [http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/systems/index.jsp?topic=/com.ibm.aix.security/doc/security/stack_exec_disable_modes_monitor.htm&tocNode=int_39558 sedmgr command].</ref>
<ref name="FreeBSDstackProtection">The GCC stack protection (a.k.a. ProPolice stack-smashing protector) has been enabled in base system since FreeBSD 8.0-release.</ref>
<ref name="MacACL">ACLs were added to [[Mac OS X]] starting with version 10.4.</ref>
}}

== Commands ==
For [[POSIX]] compliant (or partly compliant) systems like [[FreeBSD]], [[Linux]], [[macOS]] or [[Solaris (operating system)|Solaris]], the basic commands are the same because they are standardized.

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: smaller; text-align: center; width: auto;"
|-
! scope="col" | Feature
! scope="col" | [[AROS]]
! scope="col" | [[FreeBSD]]
! scope="col" | [[Linux|Linux-based]]
! scope="col" | [[HP-UX]]
! scope="col" | [[OpenVMS]]
! scope="col" | [[macOS]]
! scope="col" | [[Solaris (operating system)|Solaris]]
! scope="col" | [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] (cmd)
! scope="col" | Windows ([[PowerShell]])
|-
! scope="row" | List directory
| {{mono|list, dir}}
| {{mono|ls}}
| {{mono|ls}}
| {{mono|ls}}
| {{mono|dir}}
| {{mono|ls}}
| {{mono|ls}}
| {{mono|dir}}
| {{mono|Get-ChildItem}}
|-
! scope="row" | Clear console
| {{mono|clear}}
| {{mono|clear}}
| {{mono|clear}}
| {{mono|clear}}
| {{mono|ty/pa nl}}:
| {{mono|clear}}
| {{mono|clear}}
| {{mono|cls}}
| {{mono|Clear-Host}}
|-
! scope="row" | Copy file(s)
| {{mono|copy}}
| {{mono|cp}}
| {{mono|cp}}
| {{mono|cp}}
| {{mono|copy}}
| {{mono|cp}}
| {{mono|cp}}
| {{mono|copy}}
| {{mono|Copy-Item}}
|-
! scope="row" | Move file(s)
| {{mono|move}}
| {{mono|mv}}
| {{mono|mv}}
| {{mono|mv}}
| {{mono|ren}}
| {{mono|mv}}
| {{mono|mv}}
| {{mono|move}}
| {{mono|Move-Item}}
|-
! scope="row" | Rename file(s)
| {{mono|rename}}
| {{mono|mv}}
| {{mono|mv, rename}}
| {{mono|mv}}
| {{mono|ren}}
| {{mono|mv}}
| {{mono|mv}}
| {{mono|ren (rename}})
| {{mono|Rename-Item}}
|-
! scope="row" | Delete file(s)
| {{mono|delete}}
| {{mono|rm}}
| {{mono|rm}}
| {{mono|rm}}
| {{mono|del}}
| {{mono|rm}}
| {{mono|rm}}
| {{mono|del (erase}})
| {{mono|Remove-Item}}
|-
! scope="row" | Delete directory
| {{mono|delete}}
| {{mono|rmdir}}
| {{mono|rmdir}}
| {{mono|rmdir}}
| {{mono|del}}
| {{mono|rmdir}}
| {{mono|rmdir}}
| {{mono|rd (rmdir}})
| {{mono|Remove-Item}}
|-
! scope="row" | Create directory
| {{mono|makedir}}
| {{mono|mkdir}}
| {{mono|mkdir}}
| {{mono|mkdir}}
| {{mono|create/dir}}
| {{mono|mkdir}}
| {{mono|mkdir}}
| {{mono|md (mkdir}})
| {{mono|New-Item}}
|-
! scope="row" | Change current directory
| {{mono|cd}}<ref group="c" name="cd"/>
| {{mono|cd}}
| {{mono|cd}}
| {{mono|cd}}
| {{mono|set def}}
| {{mono|cd}}
| {{mono|cd}}
| {{mono|cd (chdir}})
| {{mono|Set-Location}}
|-
! scope="row" | Run shell script with new shell
| {{mono|shell file.shell}}
| {{mono|sh file.sh}}
| {{mono|sh file.sh}}
| {{mono|sh file.sh}}
| {{mono|@ file.com}}
| {{mono|sh file.sh}}
| {{mono|sh file.sh}}
| {{mono|cmd /c file.cmd}}
| {{mono|powershell file.ps1}}
|-
! scope="row" | Kill processes
| {{dunno}}
| {{mono|kill, killall}}
| {{mono|killall, pkill, kill, skill}}
| {{mono|kill}}
| {{mono|stop}}
| {{mono|kill, killall}}
| {{mono|kill, pkill}}
| {{mono|taskkill}}
| {{mono|Stop-Process}}
|-
! scope="row" | Change process priority
| {{mono|changetaskpri}}
| {{mono|nice}}
| {{mono|nice, chrt}}
| {{mono|nice}}
| {{mono|set proc/prio}}
| {{mono|nice}}
| {{mono|nice}}
| {{mono|start /low, start /normal, start /high, start /realtime}}
| {{mono|Start-Process, wmic}}
|-
! scope="row" | Change [[Input/output|I/O]] priority
| {{dunno}}
| <ref group="c" name="nice1"/>
| {{mono|ionice}}
| {{dunno}}
| {{mono|set proc/prio}}
| {{mono|nice}}<ref group="c" name="nice2"/>
| {{dunno}}
| {{dunno}}
| {{dunno}}
|-
! scope="row" | Create file system
| {{mono|format}}
| {{mono|newfs}}
| {{mono|mkfs}}
| {{mono|newfs}}
| {{mono|init}}
| {{mono|mkfs}}
| {{mono|newfs, zpool{{\|}}zfs create}}
| {{mono|format}}
| {{mono|Format-Volume}}
|-
! scope="row" | File system check and recovery
| {{dunno}}
| {{mono|fsck}}
| {{mono|fsck}}
| {{mono|fsck}}
| {{mono|analyze/disk}}
| {{mono|fsck}}
| {{mono|fsck}}
| {{mono|chkdsk}}
| {{mono|Repair-Volume}}
|-
! scope="row" | Create software raid
| {{dunno}}
| {{mono|atacontrol, gmirror, zfs create}}
| {{mono|mdadm -C}}
| {{dunno}}
| {{dunno}}
| {{mono|diskutil appleRAID}}
| {{mono|metainit, zpool create}}
| {{mono|diskpart (mirror only}})
| {{mono|diskpart (mirror only}})
|-
! scope="row" | Mount device
| {{mono|mount}}
| {{mono|mount}}
| {{mono|mount}}
| {{mono|mount}}
| {{mono|mount}}
| {{mono|mount, diskutil mount}}
| {{mono|mount}}
| {{mono|mountvol}}
| {{mono|New-PSDrive}}
|-
! scope="row" | Unmount device
| {{mono|assign drivename: dismount}}
| {{mono|umount}}
| {{mono|umount}}
| {{mono|umount}}
| {{mono|dismount}}
| {{mono|umount, diskutil unmount(disk}})
| {{mono|umount}}
| {{mono|mountvol /d}}
| {{mono|Remove-PSDrive}}
|-
! scope="row" | Mount file as block device
| {{dunno}}
| {{mono|mdconfig + mount}}
| {{mono|mount -o loop}}
| {{dunno}}
| {{dunno}}
| {{mono|hdid}}
| {{mono|lofiadm + mount}}
| {{dunno}}
| {{dunno}}
|-
! scope="row" | Show network configuration
| {{dunno}}
| {{mono|ifconfig}}
| {{mono|ip addr, ifconfig}}
| {{mono|ifconfig, lanadmin}}
| {{mono|tcpip sh net (sh net}})
| {{mono|ifconfig}}
| {{mono|ifconfig}}
| {{mono|ipconfig}}
| {{mono|Get-NetIPInterface, ipconfig}}
|-
! scope="row" | Show network route
| {{dunno}}
| {{mono|netstat -r, route get, route monitor}}
| {{mono|ip route, route}}
| {{mono|netstat -r}}
| {{mono|tcpip sh route}}
| {{mono|netstat -r, route get, route monitor}}
| {{mono|netstat -r}}
| {{mono|route}}
| {{mono|Get-NetRoute}}
|-
! scope="row" | Trace network route
| {{dunno}}
| {{mono|traceroute}}
| {{mono|traceroute}}
| {{mono|traceroute}}
| {{mono|tcptrace}}
| {{mono|traceroute}}
| {{mono|traceroute}}
| {{mono|tracert}}
| {{mono|Test-NetConnection}}
|-
! scope="row" | Trace network route with pings
| {{dunno}}
| {{mono|traceroute -I}}
| {{mono|traceroute -I, mtr}}
| {{dunno}}
| {{mono|tcptrace}}
| {{mono|traceroute -I}}
| {{mono|traceroute -I}}
| {{mono|pathping}}
| {{mono|pathping}}
|-
! scope="col" | Feature
! scope="col" | AROS
! scope="col" | FreeBSD
! scope="col" | Linux-based
! scope="col" | HP-UX
! scope="col" | OpenVMS
! scope="col" | macOS
! scope="col" | Solaris
! scope="col" | Windows (cmd)
! scope="col" | Windows (PowerShell)
|}

'''NOTE:''' Linux systems may vary by distribution which specific program, or even 'command' is called, via the POSIX {{mono|alias}} function.  For example, if you wanted to use the DOS {{mono|dir}} to give you a directory listing with one detailed file listing per line you could use {{code|2=bash|1=alias dir='ls -lahF'}} (e.g. in a session configuration file).

{{Reflist|group="c"|refs=
<ref name="cd">May be omitted. Simply entering the directory name will change to it.</ref>
<ref name="nice1">This feature is still in development, see [http://unix.derkeiler.com/Mailing-Lists/FreeBSD/stable/2009-01/msg00316.html].</ref>
<ref name="nice2">The nice command utilizes the setpriority() system call, which affects I/O priority, see [https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#documentation/Darwin/Reference/Manpages/man2/setpriority.2.html OS X man page] .</ref>
}}

== See also ==
{{Div col|colwidth=26em}}
* [[Comparison of command shells]]
* [[Comparison of file systems]]
* [[List of operating systems]]
* [[Light-weight Linux distribution]]
* [[Security-focused operating system]]
* [[Timeline of operating systems]]
* [[Usage share of operating systems]]
{{Div col end}}

=== Operating system comparisons ===
{{Div col|colwidth=26em}}
* [[Comparison of BSD operating systems]]
* [[Comparison of DOS operating systems]]
* [[Comparison of IPv6 support in operating systems]]
* [[Comparison of operating system kernels]]
* [[Comparison of Linux distributions]]
* [[Comparison of netbook-oriented Linux distributions]]
* [[Comparison of Microsoft Windows versions]]
* [[Comparison of mobile operating systems]]
* [[Comparison of open-source operating systems]]
* [[Comparison of real-time operating systems]]
* [[Comparison of OpenSolaris distributions]]
* [[Comparison of Windows Vista and Windows XP]]
{{Div col end}}

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
{{Wikibooks|A Neutral Look at Operating Systems}}
*{{cite web |title=Operating System Technological Comparison |url=http://www.osdata.com/ |access-date=May 9, 2005}}

{{Operating system}}

[[Category:Operating systems|*Comparison of operating systems]]
[[Category:Operating system comparisons|*]]