Editing Connell, Washington

{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2022}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                  = Connell, Washington
| official_name         = City of Connell
| settlement_type       = [[City]]
| motto                 = 
| image_skyline         = Connell_City_Hall.jpg
| imagesize             = 
| image_caption         = Connell City Hall pictured in 2021
| image_map             = Franklin_County_Washington_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Connell_Highlighted.svg
| mapsize               = 250px
| map_caption           = Location of Connell, Washington
<!-- Location -->
| subdivision_type      = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name      = United States
| subdivision_type1     = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1     = [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| subdivision_type2     = [[List of counties in Washington|County]]
| subdivision_name2     = [[Franklin County, Washington|Franklin]]
<!-- Government -->
| government_footnotes  = 
| government_type       = [[Mayor–council government|Mayor–council]]
| leader_title          = 
| leader_name           = 
| leader_title1         = Mayor
| leader_name1          = 
| established_title     = 
| established_date      = 
<!-- Area -->
| unit_pref             = Imperial
| area_footnotes        = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_53.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=August 7, 2020}}</ref>
| area_total_km2        = 19.91
| area_land_km2         = 19.91
| area_water_km2        = 0.00
| area_total_sq_mi      = 7.69
| area_land_sq_mi       = 7.69
| area_water_sq_mi      = 0.00
<!-- Population -->
| population_as_of      = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
| population_footnotes  = <ref name="Census2020">{{cite web |title=QuickFacts: Connell city, Washington |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/connellcitywashington/PST045221 |website=census.gov |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=April 30, 2022}}</ref>
| population_total      = 5441
| population_density_km2 = 
| population_density_sq_mi =

<!-- General information -->
| timezone              = [[Pacific Time Zone|Pacific (PST)]]
| utc_offset            = -8
| timezone_DST          = PDT
| utc_offset_DST        = -7
| elevation_footnotes   = <ref name=gnis/>
| elevation_ft          = 846
| coordinates           = {{coord|46|39|30|N|118|50|26|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}<ref name=gnis/>
<!-- Area/postal codes and others -->
| postal_code_type      = [[ZIP code]]
| postal_code           = 99326
| area_code             = [[Area code 509|509]]
| area_code_type        = [[North American Numbering Plan|Area code]]
| blank_name            = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info            = 53-14485
| blank1_name           = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info           = 2410216<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2410216}}</ref>
| website               = [http://www.cityofconnell.com/ cityofconnell.com]
| footnotes             = 
}}

'''Connell''' ({{IPAc-en|k|ɑː|ˈ|n|ɛ|l|}}) is a city in [[Franklin County, Washington|Franklin County]], [[Washington (state)|Washington]], United States. The population was 5,441 at the [[2020 United States Census|2020 census]].

==History==

===Early settlement===
Prior to 1883, the area known as Connell was used by ranchers as open range for cattle and horses. The community was established in 1883 as a junction between the [[Northern Pacific Railroad]] and the [[Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company]]. The new town was called Palouse Junction by Jacob Cornelius Connell, a railroad official and resident. Palouse Junction was unique on the [[Ainsworth, Washington|Ainsworth]]—[[Spokane, Washington|Spokane]] line, in that it was not on a river. It was also the gateway to the [[Palouse]] via the OR&N's line to [[Washtucna, Washington|Washtucna]]. Water for trains and for the town was from public wells dug by the railroad. At some time between 1886 and 1900, the town was renamed to Connell.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cityofconnell.com/history_palousejunction.html |title=Connell : : Take a closer look |accessdate=October 4, 2008 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080820004658/http://cityofconnell.com/history_palousejunction.html |archivedate=August 20, 2008 }}</ref>

[[File:MSH80 may18 ash connell washington.jpg|thumb|left|Ash deposits in Connell from the [[1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens]]]]

The Northern Pacific Railroad ceased service to the station in 1890,<ref>{{cite web |last=Gibson |first=Elizabeth |date=September 14, 2005 |title=Franklin County — Thumbnail History |url=https://historylink.org/File/7452 |work=[[HistoryLink]] |accessdate=May 2, 2022}}</ref> but the [[Union Pacific Railroad]] took over the station in 1901, and the town began to grow again. A school district was formed sometime between 1900 and 1904. In 1902 the Franklin County Bank was Incorporated in Connell, and the Connell Land and Improvement Company was established. Also in that year, the county allowed a franchisee to begin piping in water for the town. The attempts to bring water into the town were found lacking and the following year a well was dug that hit water at {{convert|268|ft|m}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cityofconnell.com/history_townsitewater.html |title=Connell : : Take a closer look |accessdate=October 4, 2008 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080704101528/http://www.cityofconnell.com/history_townsitewater.html |archivedate=July 4, 2008 }}</ref>  In 1903, lots on the west side of the tracks were sold, and a new commercial district began to grow; a number of existing buildings were moved to the new lots.

By this time, the town rivaled Pasco in importance in Franklin County. Unfortunately, much of the business district was destroyed by fire in July 1905. The destroyed sections were quickly rebuilt using brick.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cityofconnell.com/history_fireandflood.html |title=Connell : : Take a closer look |accessdate=October 4, 2008 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080704101937/http://www.cityofconnell.com/history_fireandflood.html |archivedate=July 4, 2008 }}</ref>  Connell was officially incorporated on November 28, 1910. [[Dryland farming|Dryland wheat farming]] was the lifeblood of Connell through most of the twentieth century.

===Present day===
The primary industrial base is [[agrochemical|agricultural chemicals]] and the [[Coyote Ridge Corrections Center]], a minimum and medium-security correctional facility that is capable of holding 2600 offenders. The community is also home to the North Franklin School District where there is a high school, junior high, grade school and administration offices.<ref name="NFSD">{{cite web |title=North Franklin School District |url=https://www.nfsd.org/ |website=nfsd.org |publisher=North Franklin School District |access-date=April 30, 2022}}</ref>

In 1998 the city approved a "water system plan" that would include the purchase of additional water rights to secure water for future growth in residential, commercial and industrial activities. By 2007, the water system plan was completed. New waterlines had been installed to replace aging pipes, reservoirs were upgraded and additional wells were brought into the system.<ref name="WSP2016">{{cite web |author1=Anderson Perry & Associates |title=Water System Plan |url=https://www.cityofconnell.com/vertical/Sites/%7B5EC177C6-8A65-48BE-BB20-78D21372A172%7D/uploads/2016_Water_System_Plan(1).pdf |website=cityofconnell.com |publisher=City of Connell |access-date=April 30, 2022 |page=1{{hyphen}}2 |date=June 2016}}</ref>

Continuing the community's infrastructure overhaul, the city also rebuilt Columbia Avenue, the main thoroughfare, and reconstructed its industrial streets, and received a grant award to reconstruct a portion of Clark Street. This roadway connects the downtown to Highway 260 on the west side of town, and serves the junior and senior high schools and administration buildings for the school district.<ref name="USGS2020" /> Several businesses have left the city and very few new businesses have been established.{{Citation needed|date=February 2012}}

==Government==
Connell has a [[Mayor–council government|strong-mayor]] form of city government. In 1989, Connell established the position of city administrator.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.cityofconnell.com/index.asp?SEC=015148EE-C85D-42A6-B115-0FDA6ED0E58C |title=City Administrator |website=www.cityofconnell.com |access-date=March 6, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016160434/https://www.cityofconnell.com/index.asp?SEC=015148EE-C85D-42A6-B115-0FDA6ED0E58C |archive-date=October 16, 2020}}</ref> As of January 2022, the mayor was Lee Barrow, and the city administrator was Cathleen Koch.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cityofconnell.com/vertical/sites/%7B5EC177C6-8A65-48BE-BB20-78D21372A172%7D/uploads/Scanned_signed_Mins_1.18.2022.pdf |title=Meeting of the City of Connell, Washington |date=January 18, 2022 |website=www.cityofconnell.com |location=Connell, Franklin County, Washington |access-date=March 6, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220306034459/https://www.cityofconnell.com/vertical/sites/%7B5EC177C6-8A65-48BE-BB20-78D21372A172%7D/uploads/Scanned_signed_Mins_1.18.2022.pdf |archive-date=March 6, 2022}}</ref>

==Geography==
[[File:Evening at CRCC.jpg|thumb|214x214px|CRCC Visitor Entry]]
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], Connell has a total area of {{convert|7.87|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all of it land.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=December 19, 2012 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120125061959/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archivedate=January 25, 2012 }}</ref>

The site of the town is located in a depression formed by the convergence of Providence Coulee, coming from the north, Washtucna Coulee from the east, and Esquatzel Coulee to the southeast. Terrain rises a few hundred feet from the floor of the coulees to the higher land surrounding Connell. [[Ephemeral]] streams flow through these coulees.<ref name="USGS2020">{{cite web |title=Connell Quadrangle, Washington |url=https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/ht-bin/tv_browse.pl?id=dd07ab8aa41f96055c1fb387776945ab |website=usgs.gov |publisher=U.S. Geological Survey |access-date=April 30, 2022}}</ref> [[U.S. Route 395 in Washington|U.S. Route 395]] passes through Connell, connecting the town with [[Interstate 90 in Washington|Interstate 90]] at [[Ritzville, Washington|Ritzville]] to the northeast and [[Interstate 82 in Washington|Interstate 82]] at the [[Tri-Cities, Washington|Tri-Cities]] to the southwest. [[Washington State Route 260|State Route 260]] begins a few miles west of Connell and passes through the town as it heads east along Washtucna Coulee to [[Washtucna, Washington|Washtucna]].<ref>{{cite WSDOT map |year=2014 |link=yes |accessdate=May 2, 2022}}</ref>

===Climate===
According to the [[Köppen Climate Classification]] system, Connell has a [[semi-arid climate]], abbreviated "BSk" on climate maps.<ref>[http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=645354&cityname=Connell%2C+Washington%2C+United+States+of+America&units= Climate Summary for Connell, Washington]</ref>
It is the least snowy city in [[Eastern Washington]], on average.{{Weather box 
|location = Connell, Washington
|single line = Y
|collapsed = y
|Jan record high F = 63
|Feb record high F = 76
|Mar record high F = 84
|Apr record high F = 99
|May record high F = 101
|Jun record high F = 107
|Jul record high F = 112
|Aug record high F = 114
|Sep record high F = 102
|Oct record high F = 90
|Nov record high F = 75
|Dec record high F = 67
|year record high F=114
|Jan high F = 35.5
|Feb high F = 43.3
|Mar high F = 54.4
|Apr high F = 64.1
|May high F = 73.2
|Jun high F = 81.0
|Jul high F = 90.4
|Aug high F = 88.5
|Sep high F = 78.2
|Oct high F = 64.1
|Nov high F = 46.9
|Dec high F = 37.3
|year high F=
|Jan low F = 22.4
|Feb low F = 27.4
|Mar low F = 32.0
|Apr low F = 36.0
|May low F = 42.4
|Jun low F = 48.7
|Jul low F = 54.5
|Aug low F = 53.2
|Sep low F = 46.0
|Oct low F = 37.3
|Nov low F = 30.4
|Dec low F = 25.2
|year low F=
|Jan record low F = -28
|Feb record low F = -30
|Mar record low F = 6
|Apr record low F = 11
|May record low F = 21
|Jun record low F = 28
|Jul record low F = 31
|Aug record low F = 31
|Sep record low F = 19
|Oct record low F = 4
|Nov record low F = -12
|Dec record low F = -29
|year record low F=-30
|Jan precipitation inch = 1.1
|Feb precipitation inch = 0.9
|Mar precipitation inch = 0.9
|Apr precipitation inch = 0.8
|May precipitation inch = 0.8
|Jun precipitation inch = 0.7
|Jul precipitation inch = 0.3
|Aug precipitation inch = 0.3
|Sep precipitation inch = 0.5
|Oct precipitation inch = 0.8
|Nov precipitation inch = 1.4
|Dec precipitation inch = 1.4
|year precipitation inch= 
|source 1 = Weatherbase<ref name=Weatherbase>{{cite web
| url =http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=645354&cityname=Connell-Washington-United-States-of-America |title =Weatherbase: Weather for Connell, Washington, United States of America | publisher=Weatherbase | year=2015 }} Retrieved on August 21, 2015.</ref>
|date=August 2015
}}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1920= 311
|1930= 321
|1940= 365
|1950= 465
|1960= 906
|1970= 1161
|1980= 1981
|1990= 2005
|2000= 2956
|2010= 4209
|2020= 5441
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|author=United States Census Bureau|author-link=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=August 29, 2013}}</ref><br />2020<ref name="Census2020"/>
}}

===2010 census===
As of the [[2010 United States census|2010 census]],<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=December 19, 2012}}</ref> there were 4,209 people, 878 households, and 689 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|534.8|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 922 housing units at an average density of {{convert|117.2|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|units&nbsp;|units|}}. The racial makeup of the city was 73.4% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 6.4% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 1.9% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 2.7% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.4% [[Race (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 12.2% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 3.0% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 39.3% of the population.

There were 878 households, of which 50.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.2% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 15.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 8.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 21.5% were non-families. 19.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.14 and the average family size was 3.53.

The median age in the city was 32.5 years. 23.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 10.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 37.6% were from 25 to 44; 22.8% were from 45 to 64; and 5.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 67.5% male and 32.5% female.

===2000 census===
As of the [[2000 United States census|2000 census]], there were 2,956 people, 766 households, and 602 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|1,034.8|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|people&nbsp;|people|}}. There were 891 housing units at an average density of {{convert|311.9|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|units&nbsp;|units|}}. The racial makeup of the city was 63.19% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 3.92% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 1.12% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 4.36% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.03% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 21.52% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 5.85% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 41.47% of the population.

There were 766 households, out of which 48.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.1% were married couples living together, 11.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.3% were non-families. 17.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.17 and the average family size was 3.59.

In the city, the age distribution of the population shows 31.4% under the age of 18, 12.2% from 18 to 24, 32.4% from 25 to 44, 18.3% from 45 to 64, and 5.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females, there were 142.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 160.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $33,992, and the median income for a family was $38,309. Males had a median income of $30,129 versus $24,444 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $12,600. About 15.9% of families and 19.5% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 26.7% of those under age 18 and 9.6% of those age 65 or over.

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==External links==
* [http://www.cityofconnell.com City of Connell]
* [https://www.historylink.org/File/21263 Connell — Thumbnail History] via [[HistoryLink.org]]

{{Franklin County, Washington}}
{{Washington}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Washington (state)]]
[[Category:Cities in Franklin County, Washington]]