Editing Connexxion

{{Short description|Dutch public transport company}}
{{Distinguish|Connexion (disambiguation){{!}}Connexion}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2021}}
{{Infobox company|
|name = 
|type = [[Naamloze vennootschap]]
|logo = [[File:Connexxion logo.svg]]<br >[[File:Transdev GmbH logo.svg|250px]]
|foundation = 10 May 1999
|location_city = [[Hilversum]]
|location_country = [[Netherlands]]
|industry = Public Transport, [[Taxicab|Taxi Service]]
|products = [[Bus Transport]]<br>Rail Transport<br>[[Ferry|Ferry Service]]<br>[[Taxicab|Taxi Service]]
|revenue =
|net_income =
|operating_income =
|num_employees = 9,800 (2015)
|key_people = Pier Eringa (CEO)
|parent = [[Transdev]] (86%)<br>[[Bank Nederlandse Gemeenten]] (14%)
|subsid =
|homepage = [http://connexxion.nl www.connexxion.nl]}}

'''Connexxion''' formerly '''[[Transdev#Netherlands|Transdev Netherlands]]''', '''[[Veolia Transport Nederland|Veolia Transport Nederlands]]''' and '''Connex Netherlands''' is a large [[Public transport in the Netherlands|public transport company]] in the [[Netherlands]], operating in the west, middle, east, and southwest parts of the country. It is owned by [[Transdev]] and [[Bank Nederlandse Gemeenten]]. It is a subsidiary of Transdev Netherlands.

==History==
[[File:Connexxion 4165, Hilversum (8601729306).jpg|thumb|[[VDL Berkhof]] at [[Hilversum railway station|Hilversum station]] in March 2013]]
[[File:Cxx 5037-III.JPG|thumb|[[Stadler GTW#Netherlands|GTW train]] near [[Amersfoort]] in July 2013]]
[[File:Catharina Amalia - Connexxion.jpg|thumb|[[Voskhod (hydrofoil)|Voskhod hydrofoil]] in June 2009]]
[[File:Connexxion Taxi.jpg|thumb|[[Mercedes-Benz Sprinter]] taxi in September 2007]]
Connexxion was formed on 10 May 1999 from a merger between transport companies NZH, ZWN, Midnet and Oostnet. Its name is a mutation of the French word [[wiktionary:Connexion|connexion]] meaning connection. In January 2007, Connexxion took over [[Utrecht]] public transport operator [[GVU (Utrecht)|GVU]] and [[Nijmegen]] operator Novio.<ref>[http://www.dutchnews.nl/news/archives/2007/01/connexxion_consolidates_bus_op/ Connexxion consolidates bus operations] ''Dutch News'' 3 January 2007</ref> In 2007, Connexxion's 33% shareholding in [[Keolis Nederland|Syntus]] was sold.<ref>[https://www.transdev.nl/data/upload/JV2007_ENG_LOW(1).pdf Annual report for year ended 31 December 2007] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180208123855/https://www.transdev.nl/data/upload/JV2007_ENG_LOW(1).pdf |date=8 February 2018 }} Connexxion</ref>

On 12 October 2007, Connexxion was privatised with a 67% stake purchased by Transdev-BNG-Connexxion Holding BV (TBCH), a consortium consisting of [[Transdev (historic)|Transdev]] (75%) and [[Bank Nederlandse Gemeenten]] (BNG) (25%), beating a [[Deutsche Bahn]] / [[Rabobank]] consortium and [[FirstGroup]].<ref>[http://www.expatica.com/nl/news/French-company-buys-Connexxion_146919.html French company buys Connexxion] ''[[Expatica]]'' 2 July 2007</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180123072221/https://uk.reuters.com/article/connexxion-transdev-idUKL0274463120070702 Transdev buys majority stake in Dutch bus firm] ''[[Reuters]]'' 2 July 2007</ref><ref>[http://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/transdev-acquisition-creates-fourth-largest-public-transportation-group-in-europe-533963431.html Transdev Acquisition Creates Fourth Largest Public Transport Corporation Group in Europe] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180123072456/https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/transdev-acquisition-creates-fourth-largest-public-transportation-group-in-europe-533963431.html |date=23 January 2018 }} ''[[CNW Group]]'' 5 July 2007</ref><ref>[http://www.zonebourse.com/FIRSTGROUP-444908/pdf/55255/FIRSTGROUP_Rapport-annuel.pdf Annual Report for year ended 31 March 2007] FirstGroup</ref> This gives Transdev 50%, BNG 17%, and the government a 33% stake in Connexxion. In February 2013, the government's 33% shareholding was purchased by Transdev, increasing its shareholding to 86%.<ref>[http://www.nisnews.nl/mergers-and-acquisitions-feb.html State Sells Rest of Connexxion] Mergers & Acquisitions February 2013</ref><ref>[http://corpdocs.gmianalyst.com/Annual/ar_2013_317249.pdf Annual Report for year ended 31 December 2013] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122125604/http://corpdocs.gmianalyst.com/Annual/ar_2013_317249.pdf |date=22 January 2018 }} Bank Nederlandse Gemeenten</ref>

Connexxion's parent company, [[Transdev#Netherlands|Transdev Netherlands]], also had another operation called [[Veolia Transport Nederland]]. The branding was replaced with the Connexxion in December 2016.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20161212145820/https://ovmagazine.nl/2016/11/veolia-verdwijnt-definitief-uit-het-ov-1517/ Veolia name disappears from the OV]  ''OV Magazine'' 21 November 2016 (Dutch)</ref> As a result, Veolia Transport Nederland's Haaglanden operations were rebranded to Connexxion.

==Operations==
===Operating area===
Connexxion operate in [[Amstelland]], [[Amsterdam-Zuidoost]], [[Arnhem]], [[Gooi]], [[Haarlem]], [[Hoeksche Waard]], [[IJsselmonde (Rotterdam)|IJsselmonde]], [[North Holland]], [[Vechtstreek]], [[Zaanstreek]] and [[Zeeland]].<ref>[https://connexxion.nl/over-ons/1234 Concessions] Conexxions (in Dutch)</ref>

===Buses===
As of January 2016, Connexxion operated 1,900 buses and coaches.<ref>[http://www.vdlbuscoach.com/News/News-Library/2016/Levering-18-Citea’s-LLE-voor-Connexxion.aspx Delivery of 18 Citeas LLE for Connexxion] VDL Bus & Coach December 2015</ref> It operates the [[Trolleybuses in Arnhem|only trolleybus network]] in the Netherlands<ref>[http://www.vossloh-kiepe.com/news/press-releases/new-articulated-trolleybuses-for-arnheim New articulated trolleybuses for Arnhem] Vossloh Kiepe 20 July 2009</ref><ref>[http://www.vossloh-kiepe.com/news/press-releases/ausgeliefert-elf-neue-trolleybusse-von-hess-und-vossloh-kiepe-fuer-arnheim-nl Delivered: 11 new trolleybues for Arnheim/NL by Hess and Vossloh Kiepe] Vossloh Kiepe 16 July 2013</ref> and, in 2017, introduced [[Double-decker bus#Netherlands|double-deckers]] on one route. Connexxion also owns bus companies Hermes and Novio.

In December 2013, Connexxion commenced operating the [[IJsselmonde, Rotterdam]] concession for 10 years.<ref>[https://www.transdev.com/en/press/public-transport-ijssemond-netherlands Transdev wins 2013-2023 public transport concession for IJsselmonde Region] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171116185655/https://www.transdev.com/en/press/public-transport-ijssemond-netherlands |date=16 November 2017 }} Transdev 10 July 2013</ref> In December 2017, Connexxion will begin operating the [[Amstelland]]-Meerlanden concession for 10 years.<ref>[https://www.transdev.com/en/press/Connexxion-wins-Amstelland-Meerlanden-public-transport-tender Connexxion wins Amstelland-Meerlanden public transport tender] Transdev 16 December 2016</ref> An order has been placed with [[VDL Bus Chassis|VDL]] for 100 Citeas SLFA [[electric bus]]es. This will make it the largest operator of electric buses in Europe.<ref>[https://cbwmagazine.com/transdev-electrics/ Transdev electrics] ''[[Coach & Bus Week]]'' 27 April 2017</ref>

===Rail===
Connexxion is contracted to operate the [[Arnhem Centraal railway station|Arnhem]] to [[Doetinchem railway station|Doetinchem]] concession until December 2020 and the [[Nijkerk–Ede-Wageningen railway|Vallei line]] concession until December 2021.<ref>[https://www.prorail.nl/sites/default/files/vervoerders_en_concessies_20161129.pdf Concessions]{{Dead link|date=July 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ProRail (in Dutch)</ref>

Connexxion held the [[Almelo railway station|Almelo]] to [[Mariënberg railway station|Mariënberg]] concession from December 2006 until December 2013 however its operation was sub-contracted to [[Keolis Nederland|Syntus]].<ref name=RG>[http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/protos-emu-order.html Protos EMU order] ''[[Railway Gazette International]]'' 1 April 2006</ref><ref>[https://www.transdev.nl/data/upload/JV2008_ENG.pdf Annual Report for year ended 31 December 2008] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181105160422/https://www.transdev.nl/data/upload/JV2008_ENG.pdf |date=5 November 2018 }} Connexxions</ref><ref>[http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/passenger/single-view/view/stadler-rolls-out-latest-arriva-nederland-multiple-units.html Stadler rolls out latest Arriva Nederland multiple units] ''Railway Gazette International'' 14 June 2012</ref> It operated the [[Utrecht sneltram|Sneltram]] between [[Utrecht]] and [[Nieuwegein]] until December 2013.<ref>[http://www.metro-report.com/news/metro/single-view/view/utrecht-tram-contracts-placed.html Utrecht tram contracts placed] Metro Report International 10 October 2012</ref><ref>[http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/europe/veolia-transdev-to-sell-dutch-subsidiary.html Veolia Transdev to sell Dutch subsidiary] ''International Railway Journal'' 18 February 2013</ref>

The fleet comprises five 2-car [[Protos (train)|Protos]] [[electric multiple unit]]s, nine 3-car [[Stadler GTW]]s [[diesel multiple unit]]s, and two 3-car [[Stadler Flirt]]s.<ref name=RG/><ref>[http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/rolling-stock/stadler-emus-enter-service-with-dutch-operators.html Stadler EMUs enter service with Dutch operators] ''International Railway Journal'' 14 December 2016</ref><ref>[http://www.railfaneurope.net/list/netherlands/netherlands_cxx.html Connexxion] Rail Fan Europe</ref>

===Ferries===
Connexxion operated a ferry route from [[Velsen]] to [[IJmuiden]] and [[Amsterdam Centraal station]] with [[Voskhod (hydrofoil)|Voskhod hydrofoils]] until 31 December 2013.<ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20040221044323/http://www.classicfastferries.com/cff/pdf/cff_2002_4.pdf Voskhod-2M arrives in The Netherlands]}} ''Classic Fast Ferries'' issue 4 June 2002 page 2</ref><ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20141103043533/http://classicfastferries.com/cff/pdf/cff52-2013pdf.pdf Farewell to Dutch Voskhods]}} ''Classic Fast Ferries'' issue 52 January 2014 pages 1-3</ref>

===Taxis===
As of March 2015 Connexxion operated 3,500 taxis.<ref>[http://www.taxiintelligence.com/large-scale-e-taxi-trial-for-dutch-connexxion-taxi-and-nissan/ Large-scale e-taxi trial for Dutch Connexxion Taxi and Nissan] Taxi Intelligence 1 March 2015</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category-inline}}
*[http://www.connexxion.nl/ Official website]

{{Transdev|state=collapsed}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Bus companies of the Netherlands]]
[[Category:Ferry companies of the Netherlands]]
[[Category:Hilversum]]
[[Category:Companies based in North Holland]]
[[Category:Railway companies of the Netherlands]]
[[Category:Taxi companies]]
[[Category:Transdev]]
[[Category:Transport companies established in 1999]]
[[Category:Dutch companies established in 1999]]
[[Category:Railway companies established in 1999]]